JP7628045B2 - building - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a building having a concrete structure that houses a radiotherapy device.

The following Patent Document 1 shows a framework structure in which a radiation shielding structure is constructed within a building. The radiation shielding structure is a highly rigid structure in which the walls, ceiling framework, floor framework, etc. are made thick to block radiation.

JP 2016-057188 A

To shield against radiation, it is necessary to use a structure with a large mass. One example of a structure with a large mass is one made of lead. However, from the standpoint of workability and construction costs, structures made primarily of concrete, such as the radiation shielding structure in Patent Document 1, are generally used in many cases.

As such, radiation shielding structures are made of highly rigid concrete structures with thick walls, ceilings, and floors, and therefore are more susceptible to stress concentration during an earthquake than the surrounding parts of the building.

When such a radiation shielding structure is supported by a seismic isolation member, a large pull-out force acts on the seismic isolation member. Therefore, in order to prevent a large pull-out force from acting on the seismic isolation member, the radiation structure may be structurally separated from the surrounding framework to prevent stress concentration on the radiation shielding structure.

Specifically, the slabs that form the floor framework of the upper floors of the radiation shielding structure may be constructed above the radiation shielding structure, structurally isolating the radiation structure from the surrounding framework. However, when such a structure is adopted, the floor height of the floor on which the radiation shielding structure (the concrete framework housing the radiation therapy device) is installed becomes large, resulting in higher construction costs.

In consideration of the above, the present invention aims to provide a building that can suppress stress concentration in a concrete structure that houses a radiotherapy device to be installed in the building, and can suppress an increase in the floor height of the floor on which the concrete structure is installed.

The building of claim 1 comprises a concrete structure disposed within the building, supported by seismic isolation and housing a radiation therapy device, and a floor slab on the floor above the concrete structure, with a lateral clearance provided between the concrete structure and a wall of the concrete structure.

In the building of claim 1, a clearance is provided between the wall of the concrete structure and the floor slab of the upper floor. This reduces stress transmission due to contact between the concrete structure and the floor slab, and reduces stress concentration in the concrete structure.

In addition, compared to a structure in which the floor slab is placed above the concrete structure and a clearance is provided between the upper surface of the concrete structure and the underside of the floor slab, there is no need to increase the floor height of the floor on which the concrete structure is installed. Also, there is no need to cut down the foundation that supports the concrete structure. This allows for reduced construction costs for the floor on which the concrete structure is placed.

The building of claim 2 is the building of claim 1, in which the upper end surface of the concrete structure and the upper surface of the floor slab are positioned at the same height.

In the building of claim 2, there is no step between the top surface of the concrete structure and the top surface of the floor slab. Therefore, the space above the concrete structure and the space above the floor slab can be used together as a barrier-free space.

The building of claim 3 is the building of claim 2, in which the multiple concrete bodies are integrally formed, and the upper surfaces of the multiple concrete bodies are at the same height.

In the building of claim 3, the top surfaces of the multiple concrete structures formed integrally are at the same height. This ensures a large space above the concrete structures that can be used integrally.

The building of claim 4 is a building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the top surface of the floor structure forming the concrete structure and the top surface of the floor slab on the floor on which the concrete structure is installed are at the same height.

In the building of claim 4, the top surface of the floor structure forming the concrete structure and the top surface of the floor slab on which the concrete structure is installed are at the same height. This reduces the amount of excavation required into the ground compared to when the floor structure forming the concrete structure is formed at a lower position, thereby shortening the construction period.
The building of claim 5 is a building as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a through hole formed in the wall portion, and a column whose base is connected to the floor structure of the concrete structure, passing through the through hole and having a lateral clearance between the through hole and the column.
The building of claim 6 is a building described in any one of claims 1 to 5, in which surrounding structures other than the concrete structure are also supported for seismic isolation, and the floor structure of the concrete structure and the floor slabs of the surrounding structures are connected to each other.

This invention can reduce stress concentration in the concrete structure that houses the radiation therapy device installed in the building, and also prevent the floor height of the floor on which this concrete structure is installed from increasing.

FIG. 2 is an elevational cross-sectional view showing the floor on which a concrete structure forming a radiation therapy room is installed and the floor above that floor in a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic plan view of a floor on which a concrete structure is installed in a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic plan view of a floor above a floor on which a concrete structure is installed in a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing an expansion joint formed in the clearance between a concrete structure and a floor slab in a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation view showing a building according to a comparative example. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional elevation view showing a building according to another comparative example.

The following describes a building according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Components indicated with the same reference numerals in each drawing are the same components. However, unless otherwise specified in the specification, each component is not limited to one, and there may be multiple components.

In addition, explanations of configurations and symbols that are duplicated in each drawing may be omitted. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and may be implemented with appropriate modifications, such as omitting configurations or replacing them with different configurations, within the scope of the purpose of the present invention.

In each figure, the directions indicated by the arrows X and Y are directions along a horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other. The direction indicated by the arrow Z is a direction along the vertical direction (up and down direction). In each figure, the directions indicated by the arrows X, Y, and Z are assumed to be consistent with each other.

(building)
FIG. 1 shows a floor (first floor) on which a concrete structure 20 forming a radiation therapy room is installed and the floor above that floor (second floor) in a building 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The building 10 is a seismically isolated building made of reinforced concrete, with an upper structure 10A supported by a lower structure 10B, which serves as the foundation, via seismic isolation members 30. The upper structure 10A is a column-beam structure in which beams 14 are suspended across columns 12.

(Elevation layout of concrete structure)
The concrete skeleton 20 is disposed on the first floor, which is the lowest floor of the building 10 excluding the seismic isolation layer (the floor where the seismic isolation member 30 is installed), and the inside is divided into three radiation therapy rooms C1, C2, and C3. Each of the radiation therapy rooms C1, C2, and C3 houses a linac R, which is a radiation therapy device.

In addition, radiation therapy rooms C1, C2, and C3 may be equipped with various types of radiation therapy devices, such as gamma knife, tomotherapy, etc., in addition to the linac R.

To prevent radiation generated by the linac R from leaking out of the radiation treatment rooms C1, C2, and C3, the wall 22 of the concrete structure 20 is made thicker than the other walls of the building 10.

For the same reason, the floor structure 24 and ceiling structure 26 of the concrete structure 20 are made thicker than the other slabs in the building 10 (e.g., the first floor floor slab 16A and the second floor floor slab 16B).

The first floor floor slab 16A is connected to the concrete structure 20. On the other hand, the second floor floor slab 16B is not connected to the concrete structure 20.

Specifically, the second floor floor slab 16B is not located in the area where the concrete structure 20 is formed. Therefore, in the second floor floor slab 16B, an opening V1 that penetrates in the vertical direction is formed in the area where the concrete structure 20 is formed.

The concrete structure 20 is disposed so as to penetrate the opening V1 formed in the floor slab 16B in the vertical direction. A clearance V2 is provided between the wall 22 of the concrete structure 20 and the floor slab 16B. The clearance V2 is a part of the opening V1.

The upper surface of the concrete structure 20 (the upper surface of the ceiling structure 26) and the upper surface of the floor slab 16B are located at the same height. Note that "the same height" means that the finished height is the same, and the height of the concrete excluding the finishing materials and base materials does not necessarily have to match.

(Plane layout of concrete structure)
2 shows a schematic plan view of the first floor of the building 10 where the concrete skeleton 20 is installed. Note that in this drawing, the walls (structural walls and partition walls) of the building 10 arranged outside the concrete skeleton 20 are omitted.

As shown in this figure, the pillars 12 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the X and Y directions, and each pillar 12 is connected by a beam 14 (not shown) (see FIG. 1). The concrete structure 20 is arranged across three spans of the pillars 12 in the X direction. In addition, the concrete structure 20 is arranged across two spans of the pillars 12 in the Y direction.

Note that "arranged across three spans of columns 12 in the X direction" means that the concrete structure 20 is arranged in an area spanning the two central columns 12 out of the four columns that are consecutive in the X direction.

Similarly, "arranged across two spans of the pillar 12 in the Y direction" indicates that the concrete structure 20 is arranged within an area spanning the central pillar 12 of three consecutive pillars in the Y direction.

For this reason, the concrete structure 20 and the two columns 12A are arranged so as to overlap each other in a plan view. Specifically, among the walls 22 of the concrete structure 20, the wall 22A that divides the radiation therapy rooms C1, C2, and C3 and the columns 12A are arranged so as to overlap each other.

In this embodiment, therefore, an insertion hole 22AH through which the column 12A passes is formed in the wall 22A. A clearance V3 is formed between the column 12A and the insertion hole 22AH. This clearance V3 is set to be equal to or greater than the combined width of the inter-story displacement (design displacement) of the wall 22A during an earthquake and the inter-story displacement (design displacement) of the column 12A. The base portion of the column 12A is connected to the floor structure 24 of the concrete structure 20, as shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the seismic isolation members 30 are arranged below the columns 12. The seismic isolation members 30 are also arranged below the concrete structure 20. The position, size, and number of the seismic isolation members 30 arranged below the concrete structure 20 are determined appropriately according to the weight of the concrete structure 20.

(Upper floor plan)
3 is a plan view showing an outline of the upper floor (second floor) of the building 10, above the floor on which the concrete skeleton 20 is installed. On the second floor of the building 10, the upper surface of the ceiling skeleton 26 that forms the concrete skeleton 20 forms part of the floor surface.

The floor slab 16B of the building 10 is disposed so as to surround the concrete structure 20 on all four sides. As described above, a clearance V2 is provided between the concrete structure 20 and the floor slab 16B. This clearance V2 is set to be equal to or greater than the combined width of the inter-story displacement (design displacement) of the wall section 22 during an earthquake and the inter-story displacement (design displacement) of the floor slab 16B.

As shown in FIG. 1, the interior of the concrete structure 20 is divided into three radiation treatment rooms C1, C2, and C3. In the concrete structure 20, the upper surfaces of the ceiling structure 26 above each of the radiation treatment rooms C1, C2, and C3 are at the same height. As a result, a space that can be used as a whole is formed on the upper surface of the concrete structure 20, as shown in FIG. 3.

As shown in FIG. 1, the beams 14 on the floor above the floor on which the concrete structure 20 is installed are cantilevered and terminate at a location facing the clearance V2. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and the beams 14 may be inserted through the upper ends of the walls 22 and the interior of the ceiling structure 26 to connect to the columns 12A.

In this case, a clearance is also provided between the beams 14 and the ceiling structure 26, making it difficult for stress to be transmitted between the beams 14 and the ceiling structure 26. An elastic material that can tolerate relative displacement between the beams 14 and the ceiling structure 26 may be placed in this clearance.

(Expansion joint)
As shown in Fig. 3, an expansion joint 50 (hereinafter referred to as a joint material 50) is provided in the clearance V2 provided between the concrete skeleton 20 and the floor slab 16B. The joint material 50 is provided in both the portion along the X direction and the portion along the Y direction in the clearance V2 shown in Fig. 3.

As shown in FIG. 4, the joint material 50 is formed with a bent plate 52, rock wool 54, sealing material 56, Styrofoam (registered trademark) 57, and an expansion joint 58.

The bent plate 52 is a steel plate fixed to the side of the wall 22 in the concrete structure 20 with bolts or concrete screws. The bent plate 52 is a long member formed by bending a steel plate into an angle shape (L-shaped cross section) and is installed along the front-to-rear direction of the paper in Figure 4. Furthermore, one piece 52A of the bent plate 52 is fixed to the side of the wall 22, and the other piece 52B is placed in contact with the underside of the floor slab 16B.

Above the bent plate 52, the clearance V2 is filled with rock wool 54. The rock wool 54 is provided for the purpose of heat insulation and soundproofing between the second and first floors. The upper end surface of the rock wool 54 is covered with a sealing material 56. The sealing material 56 is provided mainly for the purpose of ensuring watertightness.

Here, tiles 60 as a finishing material and leveling mortar 62 as a base material for the tiles 60 are applied to the upper surface of the concrete structure 20 and the upper surface of the floor slab 16B.

Styrofoam (registered trademark) 57 is placed above the sealant 56 to separate the leveling mortar 62 laid on the top surface of the concrete structure 20 from the leveling mortar 62 laid on the top surface of the floor slab 16B. And, above the Styrofoam (registered trademark) 57, an expansion joint 58 is provided to form the joint of the tile 60.

In this way, the joint material 50 is provided in the clearance V2 between the concrete structure 20 and the floor slab 16B to close the gap. In addition, the rock wool 54, sealing material 56, Styrofoam (registered trademark) 57, and expansion joint 58 that form the joint material 50 can be deformed when subjected to an external force.

This suppresses stress transmission between the concrete structure 20 and the floor slab 16B even if the concrete structure 20 and the floor slab 16B move relative to each other during an earthquake.

(Action and Effects)
1, in the building 10 according to this embodiment, a clearance V2 is provided between the wall 22 of the concrete skeleton 20 and the floor slab 16B of the floor above the floor on which the concrete skeleton 20 is installed. In addition, a clearance V3 is also formed between the column 12A and the insertion hole 22AH.

As a result, during an earthquake, stress transmission due to contact between the concrete structure 20 and the floor slab 16B is suppressed, and stress concentration on the concrete structure 20 is suppressed. This also makes it possible to suppress the concentration of pull-out force on the seismic isolation member 30 that supports the concrete structure 20.

Here, FIG. 5 shows a building 102 according to a comparative example. In the building 102, the floor slab 16B is placed above the concrete structure 20, and a clearance is provided between the upper surface of the concrete structure 20 and the lower surface of the floor slab 16B. With this type of structure, it is possible to suppress stress concentration in the concrete structure 20, but it is necessary to increase the floor height of the floor on which the concrete structure is installed (floor height H2).

Figure 6 also shows a building 100 according to another comparative example. In the building 100, similar to the building 102, the floor slab 16B is placed above the concrete structure 20, and a clearance is provided between the upper surface of the concrete structure 20 and the lower surface of the floor slab 16B.

Furthermore, in the building 100, the floor height of the floor on which the concrete structure 20 is installed is the same as that of the building 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention (floor height H1). In this case, it is necessary to excavate the ground in the area on which the concrete structure 20 is installed and build the lower structure 10B at a lower position (for example, excavation depth H3 = H2 - H1).

In addition, in the building 100, the floor structure 24 of the concrete structure 20 is formed at a lower position than the floor slab 16A of the first floor, so it is necessary to provide a means of vertical movement such as stairs or an elevator.

As shown in the buildings 102 and 100 according to these comparative examples, when the floor slab 16B is placed above the concrete structure 20, it is necessary to increase the floor height of the floor on which the concrete structure 20 is installed. Alternatively, it is necessary to excavate the ground in the area where the concrete structure 20 is installed. This requires more construction materials and increases the number of construction steps.

In contrast, in the building 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper surface of the concrete structure 20 and the upper surface of the floor slab 16B are located at the same height. Therefore, there is no need to increase the floor height of the floor on which the concrete structure 20 is installed (floor height H1<H2).

In addition, in the building 10 according to this embodiment, the upper surface of the floor structure 24 that forms the concrete structure 20 and the upper surface of the floor slab 16A of the floor on which the concrete structure 20 is installed are at the same height. Therefore, the lower structure 10B that supports the concrete structure 20 does not need to be constructed at a low position.

In addition, in the building 10 according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, there is no step between the upper surface of the concrete structure 20 and the upper surface of the floor slab 16B. Furthermore, a joint material 50 is provided in the clearance V2 provided between the concrete structure 20 and the floor slab 16B.

As a result, the space above the concrete structure 20 and the space above the floor slab 16B can be used together as a barrier-free space.

In addition, in the building 10 according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the interior of the concrete structure 20 is partitioned into three radiation treatment rooms C1, C2, and C3. In other words, the concrete structure 20 is constructed by arranging a plurality of concrete structures, each of which has radiation treatment rooms C1, C2, and C3, adjacent to each other and integrally forming them.

In the concrete structure 20, the upper surfaces of the ceiling structures 26 above each of the radiation treatment rooms C1, C2, and C3 are at the same height.

This allows for a larger space to be secured above the concrete structures that form radiation treatment rooms C1, C2, and C3, compared to when each of the concrete structures is placed separately.

In the building 10 according to this embodiment, the interior of the concrete structure 20 is divided into three radiation therapy rooms C1, C2, and C3, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the concrete structure 20 may have one or two radiation therapy rooms inside, or may have four or more radiation therapy rooms.

In addition, in the building 10 according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the concrete structure 20 is arranged across three spans of the columns 12 in the X direction and across two spans of the columns 12 in the Y direction, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

The size and arrangement of the concrete structure 20 are not particularly limited as long as the size required for the radiation therapy room is ensured. For example, the concrete structure 20 may be arranged over four or more spans of the pillars 12 in the X direction, or over two or less spans.

Similarly, the concrete structure 20 may be arranged across three or more spans of the column 12 in the Y direction, or may be arranged to fit within one span. When the concrete structure 20 is arranged to fit within one span of the column 12 in the Y direction, there is no need to form an insertion hole 22AH in the wall portion 22A through which the column 12A passes.

In addition, in the building 10 according to this embodiment, the concrete structure 20 is disposed in the interior portion of the building 10. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the concrete structure 20 is disposed so as to be surrounded on all four sides by the floor slab 16B of the building 10. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, the concrete structure 20 may be placed facing the outer periphery of the building 10. In this case, the concrete structure 20 is placed facing the outdoors and is surrounded on two or three sides by the floor slab 16B of the building 10.

10 Building 16A Floor slab 16B Floor slab 20 Concrete body 24 Floor body 22 Wall V2 Clearance R Linac (radiation therapy device)

Claims (6)

a concrete framework that is provided within the building and is supported by seismic isolation and that houses a radiation therapy device;
A floor slab of a floor above the floor on which the concrete structure is arranged, the floor slab being arranged with a lateral clearance between the floor slab and a wall portion of the concrete structure;
A building having: The building according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the concrete structure and the upper surface of the floor slab are disposed at the same height. A plurality of the concrete bodies are integrally formed,
3. The building according to claim 2, wherein the upper surfaces of the plurality of concrete structures are at the same height. The building described in any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the upper surface of the floor structure forming the concrete structure and the upper surface of the floor slab of the floor on which the concrete structure is installed are at the same height. An insertion hole formed in the wall portion;
a column having a base connected to a floor body of the concrete body, the column passing through the insertion hole and having a lateral clearance formed between the insertion hole and the column;
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: The surrounding structures other than the concrete structure are also supported by seismic isolation.
The floor structure of the concrete structure and the floor slab of the surrounding structure are connected to each other.
A building according to any one of claims 1 to 5.