JP7699896B2 - engine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an engine in which air is pressure-fed into a cylinder of a piston mechanism by an air intake mechanism, and the air and fuel are subjected to collision combustion or compression combustion to obtain the resulting combustion pressure as power.

Although various engines have been developed in the past, an engine with a highly efficient structure has not yet been developed that can increase output by pressurizing and introducing air into the cylinder of a piston mechanism using an air intake mechanism, causing collision combustion or compression combustion with fuel, and that can smoothly introduce and cut off the compressed air even when the pressure of the compressed air is increased.

In light of the current situation, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide an engine with a highly efficient structure that can increase output by pressurizing and introducing air into the cylinder of the piston mechanism using an air intake mechanism, causing collision combustion or compression combustion with fuel, and that can smoothly introduce and cut off the compressed air even when the pressure of the compressed air is increased.

The gist of the present invention will be explained with reference to the attached drawings.

An engine in which air and fuel are compressed and introduced into a cylinder 1 of a piston mechanism and combusted by impingement combustion or compressed and combusted by a piston 2, and the force is transmitted as motive power, wherein a compressed air introduction section 3 for introducing compressed air into the cylinder 1 by pressure is provided with a number of introduction openings 4 and an opening/closing switching mechanism 6 consisting of an opening/closing section 5 which can be opened and closed to open and close the introduction openings 4 all at once when the air is compressed and introduced , and which closes all at once when the air is compressed and introduced, and the opening/closing switching mechanism 6 is provided with an opening/closing movable wall section 5 as the opening/closing section 5 which is movably provided between an outer wall section 7 in which the number of introduction openings 4 are provided, and an inner wall section 8 in which the number of introduction openings 4 are provided at positions which are in communication with the number of introduction openings 4 of the outer wall section 7, and the opening/closing movable wall section 5 is provided with a number of opening/closing introduction openings 9 at positions which are in communication with the number of introduction openings 4 of the outer wall section 7 and the number of introduction openings 4 of the inner wall section 8, and the opening/closing movable wall section 5 is movable to open and close the number of introduction openings 4 of the outer wall section 7 and the number of introduction openings 4 of the inner wall section 8, The opening/closing introduction opening 9 is misaligned with the numerous introduction openings 4 of both the numerous introduction openings 4 of the outer wall portion 7 and the numerous introduction openings 4 of the inner wall portion 8 in the communicating state, and is in a blocked state in which it simultaneously blocks the numerous introduction openings 4 of both, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is movable and moves in a direction approaching the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, so that the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is in a pressed contact state in which it is in pressure contact with the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, and is in a pressed contact blocked state from this pressed contact blocked state to the opening /closing movable wall portion 5. When switching to the inlet state, the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is moved in the separating direction, thereby releasing the pressurized state between the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 and the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, and by moving the opening/closing movable wall portion 5, the numerous opening/closing introduction openings 9 are connected to both the numerous introduction openings 4 of the outer wall portion 7 and the numerous introduction openings 4 of the inner wall portion 8, which are in a connected state, so as to enter the open state.

The opening/closing switching mechanism 6 includes the outer wall 7 provided in an enclosing portion 11 covering the cylinder communication opening 10 of the compressed air introduction portion 3, the inner wall 8 provided at a distance inside the outer wall 7, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 as the opening/closing portion 5 provided between the outer wall 7 and the inner wall 8 so as to be rotatable between them and move toward and away from the outer wall 7 or the inner wall 8, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is provided with a large number of opening/closing introduction openings 9 which are in a communicating state with the large number of introduction openings 4 of the outer wall 7 and the large number of introduction openings 4 of the inner wall 8, and which are in an open state between the large number of introduction openings 4 of the outer wall 7 and the large number of introduction openings 4 of the inner wall 8, and which rotates to shift the position of the large number of opening/closing introduction openings 9 to simultaneously close the large number of introduction openings 4 of both the large number of introduction openings 4 of the outer wall 7 and the large number of introduction openings 4 of the inner wall 8,
When the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 rotates, the multiple opening /closing introduction openings 9 become misaligned with the multiple introduction openings 4 of both the multiple introduction openings 4 of the outer wall portion 7 and the multiple introduction openings 4 of the inner wall portion 8, which are in a communicating state, and enter into the closed state in which the multiple introduction openings 4 of both are simultaneously closed;
Furthermore, when the opening /closing movable wall portion 5 rotates and moves in a direction approaching the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is brought into the pressure contact state in which it is in pressure contact with the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, and thus the pressure contact closed state is established;
This relates to the engine described in claim 1, characterized in that, when switching from this pressed closed state to the open state, the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is moved in the separating direction, thereby releasing the pressed state between the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 and the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8 , and by rotating the opening/ closing movable wall portion 5, the numerous opening / closing introduction openings 9 become in communication with both the numerous introduction openings 4 of the outer wall portion 7 and the numerous introduction openings 4 of the inner wall portion 8, which are in a communicating state, thereby entering the open state.

The opening closure switching mechanism 6 includes the outer wall portion 7 provided on the peripheral wall portion or upper surface portion of the surrounding portion 11 covering the cylinder communication opening 10 of the compressed air introduction portion 3, the inner wall portion 8 provided at a distance inside the outer wall portion 7, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 as the opening/closing portion 5 provided between the outer wall portion 7 and the inner wall portion 8 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction and movable toward and away from each other in the vertical direction, and a large number of the introduction openings 4 are provided at intervals in the outer wall portion 7 and the inner wall portion 8 in an outside-inside communication state, and the opening/closing portion 5 The opening/closing movable wall portion 5 as a valve member is provided with a large number of opening/closing introduction openings 9 between the large number of introduction openings 4 of the outer wall portion 7 and the large number of introduction openings 4 of the inner wall portion 8 in the outer-inner communicating state, in a state of communication with each of the large number of introduction openings 4, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is provided with a blocking portion 12 which blocks all of the large number of introduction openings 4 at once by horizontally rotating the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 between the large number of introduction openings 4 of each of the two communicating states.

The engine according to claim 1, further characterized in that, in synchronization with the movement of the piston 2, the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is moved in one direction and moves from the other side of the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8 toward one side, thereby changing from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the other side to the open state and from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the one side to the open state and from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the other side to the open state and from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the other side to the open state and from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the other side to the open state.

The engine according to claim 4, further comprising: a pressure-contact, closed state in which the opening/closing movable wall portion 5, which is in pressure contact with the inner wall portion 8 and receives the pressure of the compressed air, is supported by the inner wall portion 8, and the opening/ closing movable wall portion 5 is moved in one direction and moves away from the inner wall portion 8 to enter the open state, where the compressed air is forcibly supplied and combustion occurs due to the injection of fuel; and during combustion , the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 further moves in the one direction and moves toward the outer wall portion 7 to enter the pressure-contact, closed state in which it is in pressure contact with the outer wall portion 7, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5, which receives the combustion pressure during combustion , is supported by the outer wall portion 7.

The engine according to claim 1 further comprises an opening/closing drive unit 13 for moving the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 of the opening closing switching mechanism 6 provided in the compressed air inlet portion 3 between the outer wall portion 7 and the inner wall portion 8, and a pressure contact/separation drive unit 14 for moving the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 toward or away from the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8 .

The engine according to claim 1, further comprising an air compression section 16 for introducing compressed air into a case section 15 covering the outer wall section 7 of the opening closure switching mechanism 6 provided in the compressed air inlet section 3, and compressing the air into the cylinder 1 through the multiple inlet openings 4 of the outer wall section 7 and the inner wall section 8 and the multiple opening/closing inlet openings 9 of the opening/closing movable wall section 5 .

The engine according to claim 7 is characterized in that the air compression section 16 is provided with an exhaust gas heat exchange section 17 that heats the compressed air by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas exhausted from the cylinder 1 after combustion.

As the present invention is configured as described above, the air intake mechanism can pump air into the cylinder of the piston mechanism and cause it to collide with fuel and burn or be compressed and burned, increasing output. Even if the pressure of this compressed air is increased, it can be smoothly introduced and cut off, resulting in an engine with a highly efficient structure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a schematic configuration of a main part of the first embodiment in a pressure-welded and closed state. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a schematic configuration of a main part of the first embodiment in an open state. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a schematic configuration of a main part of the first embodiment in a pressure-welded and closed state upon explosion. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a second embodiment. FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a main part of a second embodiment. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a schematic configuration of a main part of a second embodiment in a pressure-welded and closed state. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a schematic configuration of a main part of the second embodiment in an open state. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the schematic configuration of a main part of the second embodiment in a pressure-welded and closed state upon explosion.

The optimal embodiment of the present invention will be briefly explained below, showing its function based on the drawings.

This engine has an air intake mechanism in which air and fuel are compressed and introduced into a cylinder 1 of a piston mechanism, and combust or compressed and combusted by a piston 2 of the piston mechanism, and the resulting force is transmitted (obtained) as power. The engine is configured so that a compressed air intake section 3, which serves as a compressed air intake section that compresses and introduces the compressed air into the cylinder 1, is provided with a number of intake openings 4 as an air intake port, and an opening/closing switching mechanism 6 (opening/closing type compressed air intake mechanism) consisting of an opening/closing section 5 that can be opened and closed freely as an air intake valve that opens all of these openings 4 at the time of compression introduction, and closes them all at once at the time of combustion.

This opening/closing switching mechanism 6 is configured such that the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 serving as the opening/closing portion 5 is provided movably (for example, rotatably) between the outer wall portion 7 in which the numerous introduction openings 4 are provided and the inner wall portion 8 in which the numerous introduction openings 4 are provided at a position that is in communication with the numerous introduction openings 4, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is provided with numerous opening/closing introduction openings 9 at a position that is in communication with the numerous introduction openings 4 in both the outer and inner communication states.

For example, a disk- or trumpet-shaped air intake valve (the opening/closing opening/closing part 5) with numerous slit-shaped air intake ports (the numerous opening/closing inlet openings 9) is sandwiched between an outer wall part 7 with numerous slit-shaped upper air intake ports (the numerous inlet openings 4) and an inner wall part 8 with a lower air intake port (the numerous inlet openings 4) and is rotatable (the numerous inlet openings 4 can be opened and closed), and an opening/closing type pressure-fed air intake mechanism is provided that can move up and down (can be closed with pressure and rotated to release).

When the opening/closing movable wall portion 5, which is the air supply valve (opening/closing portion), moves (for example, rotates between the outer wall portion 7 and the inner wall portion 8 as described above), the numerous openings 9 for opening/closing are misaligned with the numerous openings 4 on the outer and inner sides, resulting in a closed state in which the numerous openings 4 are simultaneously blocked, and when the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 moves and moves in a direction approaching the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8 (for example, rotates and moves in either the up or down direction), the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 presses against the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, resulting in a pressed and blocked state.

When switching from the closed pressurized state to the open state, the movable opening/closing wall 5 is moved in the direction away from the opening/closing wall 5, thereby releasing the pressurized state between the movable opening/closing wall 5 and the outer wall 7 or the inner wall 8, and the movable opening/closing wall 5 is moved (e.g. rotated) so that the multiple opening/closing introduction openings 9 communicate with the multiple introduction openings 4 in the communicating state, resulting in an open state.

For example, during combustion, when compressed air is forcibly supplied in synchronization with the movement of the piston 2 and collides with or is compressed and combusted against the fuel , the instantaneous unidirectional action of the piston moving in one direction and moving toward and away from the fuel in one direction allows for instantaneous introduction of compressed air, and also makes it possible to withstand the high combustion pressure during combustion and reliably prevent backflow of combustion air to the intake side.

Specifically, for example, in order to introduce and supply the compressed air into the cylinder 1 in synchronization with the movement of the piston 2 near the top dead center of the piston 2, the opening /closing movable wall portion 5 is pressed against the inner wall portion 8 to block the compressed air and receive the compressed air pressure, and is supported by the inner wall portion 8 in the pressed closed state, where the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is moved in one direction and away from the inner wall portion 8 to enter the open state, where the compressed air is forcibly supplied and combusted by injection of fuel.

During combustion , the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 further moves in this one direction, moving closer to the outer wall portion 7 and entering the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the outer wall portion 7, so that the opening/closing movable wall portion 5, which receives the combustion pressure during combustion , is received by the outer wall portion 7.

That is, when the compressed air is introduced into the cylinder 1 (when the compressed air is supplied), the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is moved in one direction from the pressed closed state and away from the inner wall portion 8 to the open state, and the movement for opening can be performed smoothly and easily by releasing the pressed state. By further moving in this direction, it can be instantly closed again and can be returned to the pressed closed state, so that the configuration can withstand the combustion pressure during combustion.

Therefore, even though it has a structure that allows for pressure-fitting closure, it can be opened and closed using an actuator with a small driving force, for example. It can also be designed for high output and produces clean exhaust gases.

When the air supply is cut off, the movable opening and closing wall 5 is moved in the opposite direction and moves away from the outer wall 7 and toward the inner wall 8, thereby entering the pressurized closed state in which it is pressed against the inner wall 8, and is able to withstand the supply air pressure (pressurized air pressure) and prevent the pressurized air from leaking into the cylinder 1.

In this way, for example, by moving back and forth (for example rotating back and forth) in synchronization with the piston 2 of the piston mechanism, the opening and closing introduction opening 9 can be shifted between the introduction openings 4 in a connected state, and can be switched between a simultaneous blocking state, a simultaneous opening state, and a simultaneous blocking state, and by performing this operation in the opposite direction, it is possible to switch again between a simultaneous blocking state, a simultaneous opening state, and a simultaneous blocking state.

In addition to this mobility, since it moves in the approaching and separating directions, the intermediate movable opening and closing wall portion 5 is pressed against the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8 when closed, and separates when opening, releasing this pressure. This means that it is possible to instantly switch between the simultaneous pressure-contact closed state, the simultaneous pressure-contact released open state and the simultaneous pressure-contact closed state with little force, and it is possible to smoothly and reliably switch between the introduction and cut-off of intake air, and the cut-off and opening introduction due to the pressure-contact closed state that can withstand intake air pressure and combustion pressure.

A specific embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, the engine (internal combustion engine) is an engine in which air and fuel are compressed and combusted by a pressure-feed air supply mechanism into cylinder 1 of a piston mechanism, and compressed and combusted by this piston 2, enabling combustion without an ignition device and transmitting the force of this combustion as motive power. The present invention is applied to an engine equipped with a pressure-feed air supply mechanism that pressurizes air into cylinder 1 from a pressure-feed air forced introduction port (air supply port of the present invention) separate from a normal air intake valve (intake port) 19.

Various configurations can be adopted for this engine, but in this embodiment, a piston 2 that moves up and down is provided inside a cylinder 1, and air is drawn in from an intake port 19 by the up and down reciprocating motion of this piston 2, and air is also pressurized and introduced through the intake port by the pressurized air supply mechanism. This pressurized air collides with fuel injected into the cylinder 1 from a fuel injection section 21 and is combusted, and the fuel is compressed and combusted by the piston 2, and the force of the combustion is obtained as power via the piston 2, and after combustion, exhaust gas is discharged from an exhaust port 20. This invention is applied to a gasoline engine.

The pressurized air supply mechanism of this embodiment is configured so that a number of introduction openings 4 are provided in the pressurized air introduction section 3 (air supply port), which pressurizes and introduces the pressurized air into the cylinder 1, and a switching mechanism 6 is provided which consists of an opening/closing section 5 which can be freely opened and closed, which opens and closes all of the introduction openings 4 at the time of pressurized introduction and closes all of the introduction openings 4 at the time of combustion .

In the opening closing switching mechanism 6 of this embodiment, an opening/closing movable wall portion 5 as the opening/closing portion 5 is movably provided between an outer wall portion 7 in which a large number of the introduction openings 4 are provided, and an inner wall portion 8 in which the large number of the introduction openings 4 are provided at a position that allows the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 to communicate with the large number of the introduction openings 4 in both the outer and inner communicating states, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is configured to have a large number of opening/closing introduction openings 9 provided at positions that allow the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 to communicate with the large number of the introduction openings 4 in both the outer and inner communicating states, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is movable so that the large number of the opening/closing introduction openings 9 are misaligned with the large number of the introduction openings 4 to simultaneously close the large number of the introduction openings 4. Furthermore, as the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 moves and moves in a direction approaching the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is in a pressed-contact blocked state in which it is pressed against the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, and when switching from this pressed-contact blocked state to an open state, the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is moved in a direction away from the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, thereby releasing the pressed state between the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 and the outer wall portion 7 or the inner wall portion 8, and by moving the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 , the multiple opening /closing introduction openings 9 are in a communicating state with the multiple introduction openings 4 in the communicating state, thereby entering an open state.

Specifically, the pressurized air supply mechanism of Example 1 is configured to provide a cylindrical enclosure 11 that covers the cylinder communication opening 10, which is the air supply port of the pressurized air introduction section 3, and to provide pressurized air introduction into this enclosure 11 by an air pressurized section 16 that employs, for example, a compressor. The disk-shaped outer wall section 7 is provided at the top inside this cylindrical enclosure 11, and the disk-shaped inner wall section 8 is provided at a vertical interval below this so as to close and communicate with the cylinder communication opening 10. Between the outer wall section 7 and the inner wall section 8, a disk-shaped movable wall section 5 for opening and closing as the opening and closing section 5 is provided so as to be freely rotatable horizontally between them and to be freely movable toward and away from the outer wall section 7 and the inner wall section 8.

This disk-shaped outer wall portion 7 has a length in the radial direction and is provided with a number of slit-shaped introduction openings 4 spaced circumferentially, and the lower inner wall portion 8 is provided with a number of slit-shaped introduction openings 4 facing each other, which are configured to form cylinder communication openings 10.

In addition, the opening/closing movable wall portion 5, which is freely rotatable and vertically movable between the upper outer wall portion 7 and the lower inner wall portion 8, is provided with a number of opening/closing inlet openings 9, which are also slit-shaped and communicate with the many inlet openings 4 (on both the outside and the inside), which are air intake ports that are in a vertically connected state, and which are in the open state, and blocking portions 12 are provided between the slits so that, by rotating horizontally, the many opening/closing inlet openings 9 shift in position to block the many inlet openings 4 all at once, thereby achieving the blocked state.

Therefore, as described above, in this embodiment, the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 rotates horizontally in one direction in synchronization with the movement of the piston 2 and moves toward one side of the upper and lower outer wall portion 7 or inner wall portion 8, changing from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the other side to the open state and then to the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the one side, and the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 rotates horizontally in the opposite direction and moves toward the other side of the outer wall portion 7 or inner wall portion 8, changing from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the one side to the open state and then to the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the other side.

Specifically, in order to introduce and supply the compressed air into the cylinder 1 near the top dead center of the piston 2 in synchronization with the movement of the piston 2, the opening /closing movable wall part 5 is pressed against the inner wall part 8 to block the compressed air and receive the compressed air pressure, and is supported by the inner wall part 8 in the pressed closed state. The opening/closing movable wall part 5 is then rotated in one direction and moved away from the inner wall part 8 to enter the open state, where the compressed air is forcibly supplied and combustion occurs by injection of fuel.

In this embodiment, in the event of an explosion, the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 further rotates in that direction and moves closer to the outer wall portion 7, entering the pressed-contact blocked state in which it is pressed against the outer wall portion 7, so that the opening/closing movable wall portion 5, which receives the combustion pressure during combustion , is supported by the outer wall portion 7.

In other words, when the compressed air is introduced into the cylinder 1 (when supplying compressed air), the movable opening and closing wall portion 5 rotates in one direction from the pressed closed state and moves away from the inner wall portion 8 to the open state, but by releasing the pressed state, the rotation for opening can be performed smoothly and easily.

By rotating it further in this direction, it can be instantly closed again and can be put into a pressure-closed state, so it is designed to withstand the combustion pressure during combustion. Therefore, even though it is a pressure-closed structure, it can be opened and closed by an actuator with a small driving force, and can be designed for high output and produces clean exhaust gases.

When the air supply is cut off, the opening and closing movable wall portion 5 rotates in the opposite direction and moves away from the outer wall portion 7 toward the inner wall portion 8, thereby entering the pressurized closed state in which it is pressed against the inner wall portion 8, and is configured to withstand the supply air pressure (pressurized air pressure) and prevent the pressurized air from leaking into the cylinder 1.

To explain further, in this embodiment, in order to introduce and supply the compressed air into the cylinder 1 near the top dead point of the piston 2 of the piston mechanism, the movable wall portion 5 is in pressure contact with the inner wall portion 8 to block the compressed air and receive the compressed air pressure, and is received by the inner wall portion 8 in the pressed closed state. The opening and closing movable wall portion 5 is rotated in one direction and moved away from the inner wall portion 8 to enter the open state, where the compressed air is forcibly supplied and combustion occurs by injection of fuel.

In other words, the movable wall portion 5, which receives the compressed air pressure and is pressed against the inner wall portion 8 to block it, is pressed against the inner wall portion 8 and receives it in the pressed closed state, and then the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 is rotated in one direction and moved away from the inner wall portion 8 to enter the open state, where the compressed air is forcibly supplied and combusted by injecting fuel.

During combustion , the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 further rotates in this one direction and moves closer to the outer wall portion 7, entering the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the outer wall portion 7, so that the opening/closing movable wall portion 5, which receives the combustion pressure during combustion , is received by the outer wall portion 7.

That is, when the compressed air is introduced into the cylinder 1 (when supplying compressed air), the movable opening and closing wall portion 5 is rotated in one direction from the pressed closed state and moved away from the inner wall portion 8 to the open state, but by releasing the pressed state, the rotation for opening can be performed smoothly and easily. By further moving in this direction, it can be instantly closed again and can be put into a pressed closed state, so it is a configuration that can withstand the explosion pressure during combustion.

In this way, after the introduction of compressed air and combustion occur instantaneously near the top dead center of the piston 2, when the piston 2 descends again near the bottom dead center, the opening/closing movable wall part 5 is pressed against the upper outer wall part 7 during combustion near the top dead center, resulting in a pressed, closed state in which it can withstand the combustion pressure. However, the opening/closing movable wall part 5 rotates in the opposite direction and moves away downwards by the reciprocating drive mechanism, i.e., it moves and rotates to release the pressure, and instantly all of the introduction openings 4 which become air intakes are opened all at once, and are further pressed against the inner wall part 8 to result in a pressed, closed state.

Then, as the piston 2 rises again, the combustion gases are exhausted from the exhaust port 20, and at this top dead center, the exhaust port 20 closes and the intake opening 4 (the intake port for compressed air) remains closed, while the separate intake port 19 opens like in a normal engine and air is taken in as the piston 2 descends. This intake of new air cools the inside of the cylinder 1 after combustion, and as the piston rises again, it is compressed, improving output.

Then, the piston 2 rises again from this bottom dead center, and near the top dead center, the compressed air is introduced and combustion takes place.

The pressurized air supply mechanism of this embodiment is equipped with an opening/closing drive unit 13 (rotating actuator) that horizontally rotates the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 of the opening/closing switching mechanism 6 provided in the compressed air inlet portion 3 between the outer wall portion 7 and the inner wall portion 8, and a pressure contact/separation drive unit 14 (up/down movement actuator) that moves the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 toward and away from the outer wall portion 7 and the inner wall portion 8. The opening/closing drive unit 13 (rotating actuator) of this embodiment is configured such that the central rotation axis of the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 protrudes upward, a rotating arm is provided for rotating this central rotation axis back and forth, and a drive unit (rotating actuator) is provided for swinging the rotating arm back and forth.

The pressure contact/separation drive unit 14 (vertical movement actuator) is configured to move the central rotation shaft up and down in a reciprocating manner.

As described above, the disk-shaped outer wall portion 7 is provided inside the cylindrical surrounding portion 11 which surrounds the cylinder communication opening 10 of the opening closure switching mechanism 6 provided in the compressed air inlet portion 3, and the surrounding portion 11 at the upper portion of the outer wall portion 7 is provided as a case portion 15 which covers the outer wall portion 7. An air compression portion 16 (compressor) is provided which introduces compressed air into this case portion 15 and compresses the air into the cylinder 1 through the outer wall portion 7 and the numerous slit-shaped introduction openings 4 of the inner wall portion 8 and the numerous slit -shaped opening/closing introduction openings 9 of the opening/closing movable wall portion 5.

In this embodiment, a pressure storage tank 18 that compresses the air compressed by the air compression unit 16 into the cylinder 1 is provided in the air supply path, which compresses it into the cylinder 1, so that a large amount of compressed air can be obtained with a small force, although there is a loss due to heat loss. Also, an exhaust gas heat exchange unit 17 is provided in this path, which heats the compressed air by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas exhausted from the cylinder 1 after combustion. As a result, for example, the air compressed by the compressor provided as the air compression unit 16 is compressed in a state close to isothermal compression like a normal compressor, and more compressed air can be obtained with the same amount of work compared to adiabatic compression, and by providing heat through heat exchange with the exhaust gas, it can be expanded isobarically and function as a kind of external combustion engine, improving the overall thermal efficiency.

For example, the cross sections of the numerous inlet openings 4 and the numerous open/close inlet openings 9, which are connected together to form the open air intake ports and introduce air into the cylinder 1, may be formed to have an opening cross-sectional shape that has little air inflow resistance in the air intake direction, but has a large air inflow resistance in the reverse direction due to the backflow during combustion. In other words, the openings may be formed to have a large opening diameter on the upper side, which is the air intake side, and a gradually smaller opening diameter toward the inside, with the openings on the lower side becoming smaller.

In addition, in the second embodiment, the surrounding portion 11 is frustum-shaped and has an outer wall portion 7 and an inner wall portion 8 of the same shape provided therein, and each of the peripheral wall portions is provided with a large number of introduction openings 4 spaced circumferentially in the vertical direction and long in the vertical direction. Between them, an opening/closing movable wall portion 5 of the same shape is provided so as to be freely rotatable horizontally and movable up and down. As in the first embodiment, when the large number of introduction openings 4 are connected to the opening/closing movable wall portion 5 by rotating them horizontally, they are opened all at once, and when they are rotated horizontally and out of position, they can be switched to a simultaneous closed state.

The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the specific configuration of each component can be designed as appropriate.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Cylinder 2 Piston 3 Compressed air introduction section 4 Introduction opening 5 Opening/closing section, movable wall section for opening/closing 6 Opening/closing switching mechanism 7 Outer wall section 8 Inner wall section 9 Introduction opening section for opening /closing
10 Cylinder communication opening
11 Enclosed section
12 Occlusion
13 Opening and closing drive unit
14 Pressure connection/disconnection drive unit
15 Case part
16 Air pumping section
17 Exhaust gas heat exchange section
18 Pressure tank
19 Air Intake
20 Exhaust port
21 Fuel injection section

Claims (8)

An engine in which air and fuel are forced into a cylinder of a piston mechanism, and the resulting force is converted into motive power by combustion through collision or compression by a piston,
a pressurized air introduction section for introducing pressurized air into the cylinder is provided with a number of introduction openings and an opening/closing switching mechanism consisting of an opening/closing section which can be freely opened and closed to open and close all of the introduction openings at the time of pressurized introduction and close all of the introduction openings at the time of combustion ,
This opening closure switching mechanism comprises an opening/closing movable wall portion as the opening/closing portion, which is movably provided between an outer wall portion in which a large number of the introduction openings are provided and an inner wall portion in which a large number of the introduction openings are provided at positions that are in communication with the large number of the introduction openings of the outer wall portion, and this opening/closing movable wall portion is provided with a large number of opening/closing introduction openings at positions that are in communication with both the large number of the introduction openings of the outer wall portion and the large number of the introduction openings of the inner wall portion, which are in a communicating state,
When the opening/closing movable wall portion is movable , the multiple opening /closing introduction openings become misaligned with the multiple introduction openings of both the multiple introduction openings of the outer wall portion and the multiple introduction openings of the inner wall portion, which are in a communicating state , and enter into a closed state in which the multiple introduction openings of both are simultaneously closed,
and when the opening/ closing movable wall portion is movable and moves in a direction approaching the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion, the opening/closing movable wall portion is brought into a pressure-contact state in which it is in pressure contact with the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion, and is brought into a pressure-contact closed state,
When switching from the pressed closed state to the open state, the opening/closing movable wall portion is moved in the separating direction, thereby releasing the pressed state between the opening/closing movable wall portion and the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion, and by moving the opening/closing movable wall portion , the multiple opening /closing introduction openings are placed in a communicating state with both the multiple introduction openings of the outer wall portion and the multiple introduction openings of the inner wall portion , which are in a communicating state, thereby entering the open state. the opening closure switching mechanism includes an outer wall portion provided in a surrounding portion covering the cylinder communication opening of the compressed air introduction portion, an inner wall portion provided inside the outer wall portion with a space therebetween, and an opening/closing movable wall portion as the opening/closing portion is provided between the outer wall portion and the inner wall portion so as to be rotatable therebetween and movable toward or away from the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion,
the opening/closing movable wall portion is provided with a large number of opening/closing introduction openings which are in a communicating state with the large number of introduction openings of the outer wall portion and the large number of introduction openings of the inner wall portion, and which are in the open state, and a closing portion which, by rotating, shifts the position of the large number of opening/closing introduction openings, and which is in the closed state in which the large number of introduction openings of the outer wall portion and the large number of introduction openings of the inner wall portion, which are in the communicating state, are simultaneously closed;
When the opening/closing movable wall portion rotates, the multiple opening /closing introduction openings become misaligned with the multiple introduction openings of both the multiple introduction openings of the outer wall portion and the multiple introduction openings of the inner wall portion, which are in a communicating state , and enter into the closed state in which the multiple introduction openings of both are simultaneously closed,
and when the opening/ closing movable wall portion rotates and moves in a direction approaching the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion, the opening/closing movable wall portion is brought into the pressure contact state in which it is in pressure contact with the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion, thereby entering the pressure contact closed state,
2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, when switching from the pressed closed state to the open state, the opening/closing movable wall portion is moved in a separating direction to release the pressed state between the opening/closing movable wall portion and the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion , and by rotating the opening/closing movable wall portion, the multiple opening/ closing introduction openings are placed in a communicating state with both of the multiple introduction openings of the outer wall portion and the multiple introduction openings of the inner wall portion, which are in a communicating state, thereby entering the open state. the opening closure switching mechanism includes an outer wall portion provided on a peripheral wall portion or an upper surface portion of the surrounding portion covering the cylinder communication opening of the compressed air introduction portion, an inner wall portion provided on the inside of the outer wall portion at a distance, and an opening/closing movable wall portion as the opening/closing portion being provided between the outer wall portion and the inner wall portion so as to be rotatable in a horizontal direction and movable toward and away from each other in a vertical direction,
A large number of the introduction openings are provided at intervals in the outer wall portion and the inner wall portion in a state of communication between the outer side and the inner side,
3. An engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the opening/closing movable wall portion as the opening /closing portion has a large number of opening/closing introduction openings provided between the large number of introduction openings of the outer wall portion and the large number of introduction openings of the inner wall portion in the outside-inside communicating state , in a state of communication with each of the large number of introduction openings, and a closing portion is provided which closes all of the large number of introduction openings at once by horizontally rotating the opening/ closing movable wall portion between the large number of introduction openings of each of the communicating states. 2. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the opening/closing movable wall portion is movable in one direction and moves from the other side of the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion toward one side in synchronization with the movement of the piston, thereby changing from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the other side to the open state and from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the one side to the one side, and the opening/closing movable wall portion is movable in the opposite direction and moves from the one side of the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion toward the other side, thereby changing from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the one side to the open state and from the pressed closed state in which it is pressed against the other side to the one side . 5. The engine according to claim 4, wherein, in order to introduce and supply the compressed air into the cylinder near the top dead center of the piston in synchronization with movement of the piston, the opening/closing movable wall part is pressed against the inner wall part to block the compressed air and receive the compressed air pressure, and is supported by the inner wall part in the pressed and closed state, the opening/closing movable wall part is moved in one direction and moved away from the inner wall part to enter the open state, and the compressed air is forcibly supplied and combustion occurs by injection of fuel, and during combustion , the opening/closing movable wall part further moves in that one direction and moves toward the outer wall part to enter the pressed and closed state in which it is in pressurized contact with the outer wall part, so that the opening/closing movable wall part, which receives the combustion pressure during combustion , is supported by the outer wall part. 2. The engine according to claim 1, further comprising: an opening/closing drive unit that moves the opening/closing movable wall portion of the opening closing switching mechanism provided at the pressurized air inlet portion between the outer wall portion and the inner wall portion; and a pressure contact/separation drive unit that moves the opening/closing movable wall portion toward or away from the outer wall portion or the inner wall portion . 2. The engine according to claim 1, further comprising an air compression section that introduces compressed air into a case section covering the outer wall section of the opening closure switching mechanism provided in the compressed air inlet section, and pressure-feeds the air into the cylinder through the multiple inlet openings in the outer wall section and the inner wall section and the multiple opening and closing inlet openings in the opening and closing movable wall section. 8. The engine according to claim 7, wherein the air pumping section is provided with an exhaust gas heat exchanger that heats the pumped air by exchanging heat with exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder after combustion.

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