JP7715580B2 - How to build a shield tunnel - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for constructing a shield tunnel and the internal structure of a shield tunnel.

Shield tunnels, used as conduits for water supply and sewage systems, utility conduits, roads, railways, and more, are constructed using the shield method. Shield tunneling machines are used in shield tunneling. A shield tunneling machine comprises, for example, a cylindrical skin plate that forms the outer shell of the machine body, a cutter head attached to the front end (face end) of this skin plate to excavate the ground, and a driving jack attached to the inside of the skin plate.

In the shield tunneling method, for example, a departure shaft and an arrival shaft are constructed in the ground, and the ground is excavated with a shield tunneling machine from the departure shaft to the arrival shaft. An erector device is used inside the rear (tail) part of the skin plate to assemble segments (segment pieces) one after another around the tunnel circumference to construct segment rings, and adjacent segment rings are connected in the tunnel axial direction to construct a cylindrical lining. In this method, the shield tunneling machine pushes the existing segment ring behind it backward with a thrust jack, and the thrust generated as a reaction force allows it to move forward while excavating the ground.

However, when a large amount of buoyancy acts on a shield tunnel due to factors such as a groundwater level higher than the shield tunnel itself, it is necessary to prevent the shield tunnel from floating up due to this buoyancy. In this regard, Patent Document 1 discloses one example of a method for preventing a shield tunnel from floating up. In Patent Document 1, counterweight carriages are placed on both the left and right sides of the lining behind the shield machine, and heavy objects such as concrete blocks are placed behind the counterweight carriages inside the lining.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-206200

However, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 had the problem that there was a gap between when the segment ring was assembled inside the skin plate and when the counterweight carriage was placed on the segment ring.

In light of this situation, the present invention aims to take measures to prevent shield tunnels from lifting up quickly after the segment ring is constructed.

Therefore, in a first aspect of the present invention, a method for constructing a shield tunnel includes assembling multiple segments using an erector device of the shield machine within a cylindrical skin plate of the shield machine to construct a segment ring , connecting adjacent segment rings in the tunnel axial direction to construct a cylindrical lining , and installing first weight members made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment rings within the skin plate using the erector device . The shield machine pushes the segment ring with the first weight member installed rearward with the shield machine's propulsion jack, and advances while excavating the natural ground using the thrust generated as a reaction force. Here, the first weight members do not constitute a lining.

In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for constructing a shield tunnel includes assembling multiple segments within a cylindrical skin plate of the shield machine using an erector device of the shield machine to construct a segment ring, and using the erector device to install a first weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment ring within the skin plate. The first weight member is installed in a portion of the tunnel bottom away from the widthwise center . The shield machine pushes the segment ring with the first weight member installed rearward with the shield machine's propulsion jack, and advances while excavating the natural ground using the thrust generated as a reaction force. The first weight member has a first portion that is closer to the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom and a second portion that is farther from the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom than the first portion, and the thickness of the first portion is smaller than the thickness of the second portion.
In a third aspect of the present invention, a method for constructing a shield tunnel includes constructing a segment ring by assembling multiple segments within a cylindrical skin plate of a shield machine, and installing a first weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment ring within the skin plate, and further includes installing a second weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment ring between the shield machine and a trailing bogie that moves in accordance with the excavation of the shield machine in the tunnel axial direction, or on the trailing bogie, and installing a concrete deck member at the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom, where the second weight member is installed at the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom.

According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, a first weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material is installed on a segment ring within the skin plate of a shield tunneling machine. Therefore, after constructing the segment ring within the skin plate, the first weight member can be installed on the segment ring immediately. Therefore, measures to prevent the shield tunnel from lifting up can be taken promptly after constructing the segment ring.

Furthermore, due to the layout of the shield machine, the equipment in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom is generally complex. In this regard, according to the second aspect of the present invention, a first weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic materials is installed in a section of the tunnel bottom that avoids the widthwise center. This prevents interference between the shield machine equipment and the first weight member installed in the tunnel bottom.

1 is a cross-sectional view along the excavation direction of a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention; AA cross-sectional view and BB cross-sectional view of FIG. Diagram showing how the deck is constructed Diagram showing how the deck is constructed 10A to 10C are diagrams showing first to third modified examples of the deck slab. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing fourth and fifth modified examples of the deck slab; A diagram showing an example of measures to prevent the shield tunnel from lifting up FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a region in a segment ring where filler ingots are placed. Diagram showing an example of a filled ingot attached to a steel segment

The following describes an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 shows the schematic configuration of a shield tunnel in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2(A) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 1. Figure 2(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 1. Note that the load (box culvert lower member 201A) suspended by the electric hoist 35a shown in Figure 1 is omitted from Figure 2(B). Also, in this embodiment, for convenience, the direction of tunnel excavation is defined as the forward direction, and front, back, left, and right are defined.

This shield tunnel construction device comprises a shield machine 1 that excavates the tunnel, a portal-shaped trailing carriage 20 (20A-20D) that moves in tandem with the excavation of the shield machine 1, and a crane 30 supported by the trailing carriage 20.

The shield tunneling machine 1 has a tubular (e.g., cylindrical) skin plate 2 that forms the outer shell of its main body. The shield tunneling machine 1 excavates the ground with a cutter head 3 attached to the front of the skin plate 2, taking in earth and sand and transporting it to the rear as it excavates.

A number of propulsion jacks 4 are arranged circumferentially along the inner surface of the skin plate 2, inside the skin plate 2 of the shield machine 1, at intervals from one another. Each propulsion jack 4 is a hydraulic jack composed of a cylinder 4a and a rod 4b. One end of the cylinder 4a is fixed to the skin plate 2, and the rod 4b can be advanced and retracted at the other end. By extending the propulsion jack 4 with the tip of the rod 4b of the propulsion jack 4 abutting against an existing segment (segment piece) SP, the shield machine 1 can obtain propulsion force. In this way, the propulsion jack 4 receives reaction force from the existing segment SP to propel the shield machine 1 forward.

The shield tunneling machine 1 is equipped with an erector device 5 within the rear (tail) portion of the skin plate 2. The erector device 5 grips the segments SP with its gripping portion 5a, and can move the segments SP appropriately primarily in the tunnel circumferential direction, the tunnel fore-and-aft direction (tunnel axial direction), and the tunnel inward and outward directions (e.g., tunnel radial direction). The erector device 5 assembles the segments SP circumferentially inside the rear (tail) portion of the skin plate 2 to construct a tubular (e.g., cylindrical) segment ring SR. Here, the tubular (e.g., cylindrical) lining body 100 is constructed by connecting adjacent segment rings SR in the tunnel fore-and-aft direction.

The segments SP can be, for example, (1) steel segments, (2) steel-filled segments formed by pouring concrete inside a steel segment, (3) composite segments formed by pouring concrete into a steel shell on five sides (excluding the inner surface), or (4) reinforced concrete segments (concrete segments). Each segment SP has a gripping hole (not shown) formed for the gripping portion 5a of the erector device 5.

The shield tunneling machine 1 has a segment supply device 6 that supplies segments SP to the erector device 5, and a weight cart 7 that is arranged to surround the left, right, and top of the segment supply device 6.

The segment supply device 6 comprises a segment transport carriage 6a that moves along the bottom of the lining body 100, and a transfer mechanism (not shown) that advances the segment SP on this transport carriage 6a from the rearmost segment loading position to the frontmost segment supply position.

The weight cart 7 is made of steel, for example, and is configured to move along the bottom of the lining body 100 in accordance with the movement (forward movement) of the segment supply device 6. Here, the weight cart 7 is positioned rearward of the erector device 5. In other words, the weight cart 7 is located rearward of the position where the segment ring SR is constructed by the erector device 5.

In this embodiment, the trailing bogie 20 is connected to the rear of the shield tunneling machine 1 by a connecting beam (not shown). However, the trailing bogie 20 does not have to be connected to the shield tunneling machine 1. In any case, the trailing bogie 20 is a gate-shaped platform that moves as the shield tunneling machine 1 advances.

In this embodiment, the trailing bogie 20 is made up of first to fourth bogies 20A-20D that are connected to one another, with the first bogie 20A connected to the shield tunneling machine 1 by a connecting beam (not shown), and the bogies 20A-20D also connected to one another. Each bogie 20A-20D is equipped with running wheels on its portal-shaped legs, allowing it to move smoothly on rails laid within the lining body 100, which in this embodiment is within the lining body 100. The number of bogies that make up the trailing bogie 20 is not limited to four, and can be any number greater than or equal to one.

The trailing bogie 20 is equipped with a crane 30 (a hoist-type overhead crane in this embodiment). The crane 30 includes two traveling rails 31 that span the fourth bogie 20D, the third bogie 20C, the second bogie 20B, the first bogie 20A, and the rear of the shield tunneling machine 1; a pair of front and rear lateral rails 34a, 34b that can move independently forward and backward through the tunnel along the traveling rails 31; an electric hoist 35a for lifting that can move in the tunnel width direction along the front lateral rail 34a; and an electric hoist 35b for lifting that can move in the tunnel width direction along the rear lateral rail 34b. While this embodiment shows an example in which the electric hoists 35a, 35b share the traveling rail 31, separate traveling rails for the electric hoist 35a and the electric hoist 35b may also be provided. Furthermore, the number of electric hoists that make up the crane 30 is not limited to two, and may be one, or three or more.

In this embodiment, an equipment transport cart 40 that travels on the installed box culvert lower member 201A is used to transport the segments SP, the box culvert lower member 201A, and the side ingots 250L and 250R described below. The equipment transport cart 40 may also be used to transport the upper member 201B of the box culvert 201. Here, the equipment transport cart 40 is a vehicle that transports equipment to the shield tunneling machine 1. The equipment transport cart 40 can travel within the installed box culvert 201. The equipment transport cart 40 can be loaded with equipment and travel within the lining body 100 from the tunnel entrance side to the face side.

Here, a method for constructing the deck slab 120 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 in addition to the above-mentioned FIGS.
3 and 4 show how the deck 120 is constructed.

The deck slab 120 forms the floor surface within the lining body 100, and in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 (c), is composed of a box culvert 201, concrete blocks 202L, 202R, and embankment structures 203L, 203R.

The box culvert 201 is made of precast concrete and is located in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom (the bottom of the lining 100). The box culvert 201 is divided by a dividing plane S1 into a box culvert lower member 201A with a U-shaped cross section and an opening on the top, which is located at the tunnel bottom, and a box culvert upper member 201B with a U-shaped cross section and an opening on the bottom, which is located above the box culvert lower member 201A. Here, the box culvert 201 is an example of a "concrete deck member" of the present invention.

Concrete block 202L is made of precast concrete and is placed adjacent to the left side of box culvert 201, installed flush with the top surface of box culvert 201 (box culvert upper member 201B). Concrete block 202L is divided into two blocks stacked vertically: block lower member 202LA and block upper member 202LB. Here, the dividing plane S2 between block lower member 202LA and block upper member 202LB extends horizontally.

Concrete block 202R is made of precast concrete and is placed adjacent to the right side of box culvert 201, installed flush with the top surface of box culvert 201 (box culvert upper member 201B). Concrete block 202R is divided into two blocks stacked vertically: block lower member 202RA and block upper member 202RB. Here, the dividing plane S3 between block lower member 202RA and block upper member 202RB extends horizontally.

In this embodiment, dividing surfaces S2 and S3 are at different heights relative to dividing surface S1. Specifically, dividing surfaces S2 and S3 are set at a higher position than dividing surface S1.

The tunnel longitudinal dimensions of the box culvert lower member 201A, box culvert upper member 201B, block lower members 202LA, 202RA, and block upper members 202LB, 202RB all match the tunnel longitudinal dimensions of the segment SP.

In this embodiment, an embankment structure 203L is constructed between the concrete block 202L and the left wall of the tunnel (the left wall of the lining 100). After the concrete block 202L is installed, the embankment structure 203L is constructed by filling the space between the concrete block 202L and the left wall of the tunnel with liquefied treated soil and solidifying it. Here, the liquefied treated soil can be, for example, a mixture of tunnel excavation soil, which is generated in large quantities on-site, and cement, water, a fluidizing agent, etc., which is then stirred and mixed.

Similarly, embankment structure 203R is constructed between concrete block 202R and the right side wall of the tunnel (the right side wall of lining 100). After installing concrete block 202R, embankment structure 203R is constructed by filling the space between concrete block 202R and the right side wall of the tunnel with the aforementioned liquefied treated soil and allowing it to solidify.

In this embodiment, the method for constructing the deck 120 begins by placing the side ingots 250L, 250R on the segment ring SR using an erector device 5 within the skin plate 2 of the shield tunneling machine 1, as shown in FIG. 3(A). In this embodiment, the side ingots 250L, 250R are placed on the segment ring SR at a position forward of the segment supply device 6 and the weight cart 7. The side ingots 250L, 250R are made of metal (e.g., steel) or a composite structure consisting of a metal shell (e.g., a steel shell) and an inorganic material (e.g., concrete, mortar, etc.) filled into the metal shell (in other words, a composite structure consisting of metal and inorganic materials). The term "composite structure" here may exclude, for example, "reinforced concrete" and/or "precast concrete," which are used to construct tunnel floor components, etc. Furthermore, the term "inorganic material" used herein refers to a solid whose basic or main component is a non-metallic substance, and may primarily be an inorganic material that exhibits hydraulic hardening, air hardening, sinterability, or melt-cooling hardening properties. Here, side ingots 250L and 250R are cited as an example of the "first weight member" of the present invention. This "first weight member" and the "second weight member" described below have a greater weight (specific gravity) per unit volume than the segment SP. For example, it is preferable that at least one of the "first weight member" and the "second weight member" has a specific gravity 1.2 times or more that of the segment SP.

Side ingots 250L, 250R are each installed in a section of the tunnel bottom that avoids the center of the tunnel width so as not to interfere with equipment on the shield tunneling machine 1, such as the segment supply device 6 and weight cart 7. More specifically, side ingots 250L, 250R are placed in a section that avoids the lowest part of the lower half of the tunnel. Furthermore, side ingots 250L, 250R are installed within the segment ring SR, to the side of the area through which the segment supply device 6 (and weight cart 7) pass (see Figure 2(A)).

Each of the side ingots 250L, 250R has a shape in which the thickness (length in the tunnel's inner and outer directions) varies around the tunnel to prevent interference with the shield machine 1 equipment. In this embodiment, the thickness of the lower portion (the portion toward the center of the tunnel's bottom width) of each side ingot 250L, 250R is smaller than the thickness of the upper portion (i.e., the lower portion is thinner than the upper portion). The tunnel's longitudinal dimension of each side ingot 250L, 250R is either the same as or smaller than the tunnel's longitudinal dimension of the segment SP. When viewed in the tunnel's inner and outer directions, the side ingots 250L, 250R are, for example, rectangular.

Each of the side ingots 250L, 250R, like each of the segments SP, has a gripping hole (not shown) formed for the gripping portion 5a of the erector device 5.

One method for aligning the side ingots 250L, 250R with the segment ring SR is to previously install a metal or concrete protrusion at a predetermined position on the inner surface of the segment SP, and then form a corresponding recess in the side ingot 250L, 250R, and then fit the protrusion into the recess. However, this is not the only method for aligning the side ingots 250L, 250R with the segment ring SR. It is also preferable that the protrusion be detachably attached to a predetermined position on the inner surface of the segment SP. Furthermore, the protrusion may be installed on the segment SP prior to assembling the segment SP using the erector device 5, or it may be installed on the segments SP that make up the segment ring SR after assembling the segments SP using the erector device 5 to form the segment ring SR.

One method for fixing the side ingots 250L, 250R to the segment ring SR is to, for example, install an insert with a female thread on the inner surface of the segment SP in advance, and form a through-hole in the side ingots 250L, 250R for inserting a bolt, then insert a bolt into the through-hole and screw the bolt into the insert. However, the method for fixing the side ingots 250L, 250R to the segment ring SR is not limited to this.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3(A), the center ingot 260 is placed on the segment ring SR between the shield machine 1 and the trailing bogie 20, or on the trailing bogie 20. In this embodiment, the center ingot 260 is placed on the segment ring SR by the first bogie 20A using the electric hoist 35a of the crane 30. The center ingot 260 is placed on the segment ring SR at a position rearward of the segment supply device 6 and the weight bogie 7. Like the side ingots 250L and 250R described above, the center ingot 260 is made of metal (e.g., steel) or has a composite structure consisting of a metal shell (e.g., a steel shell) and an inorganic material (e.g., concrete, mortar, etc.) filled into the metal shell (in other words, a composite structure consisting of metal and inorganic material). Here, the center ingot 260 is cited as an example of the "second weight member" of the present invention. The composition of the "second weight member" is the same as the composition of the "first weight member."

The center ingot 260 is placed in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom. More specifically, the center ingot 260 is located at the bottom of the lower half of the tunnel. When viewed from the inside to the outside of the tunnel, the center ingot 260 is, for example, rectangular, and its dimensions in the tunnel's front-to-back direction are either the same as or smaller than the dimensions of the segment SP in the tunnel's front-to-back direction.

The method for aligning the center ingot 260 with the segment ring SR is the same as the method for aligning the side ingots 250L, 250R with the segment ring SR described above, and therefore its description will be omitted. Furthermore, the method for fixing the center ingot 260 to the segment ring SR is the same as the method for fixing the side ingots 250L, 250R with the segment ring SR described above, and therefore its description will be omitted.

Next, as shown in Figure 3 (c), the box culvert lower member 201A is placed on the center ingot 260 in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom (more specifically, the lowest part of the lower half of the tunnel) between the shield machine 1 and the trailing bogie 20, or by the trailing bogie 20. In this embodiment, the first bogie 20A uses the electric hoist 35a of the crane 30 to place the box culvert lower member 201A on the center ingot 260 in the widthwise center of the bottom of the segment ring SR. The box culvert lower member 201A is placed in the widthwise center of the bottom of the segment ring SR, at a position rearward of the segment supply device 6 and weight bogie 7.

Next, as shown in Figure 4 (A), the box culvert upper member 201B is installed on the box culvert lower member 201A in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom (more specifically, the lowest part of the lower half of the tunnel) between the shield machine 1 and the trailing bogie 20, or by the trailing bogie 20. In this embodiment, the third bogie 20C uses the electric hoist 35b of the crane 30 to install the box culvert upper member 201B on the box culvert lower member 201A in the widthwise center of the bottom of the segment ring SR. The box culvert upper member 201B is installed in the widthwise center of the bottom of the segment ring SR, at a position rearward of the segment supply device 6 and weight bogie 7 and rearward of the installation position of the box culvert lower member 201A.

Next, as shown in Figure 4 (A), concrete blocks 202L and 202R are placed on the widthwise sides of the box culvert 201 behind the trailing bogie 20. In this embodiment, concrete blocks 202L and 202R are placed adjacent to both the left and right sides of the box culvert 201 behind the fourth bogie 20D.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4(c), embankment structures 203L, 203R are constructed between the concrete blocks 202L, 202R and the tunnel side walls.
In this manner, the deck 120 is constructed.

Next, the weight required to prevent the shield tunnel from lifting up in this embodiment will be explained using Figure 1.

In construction section α1, the shield tunneling machine 1, segment ring SR, and side ingots 250L and 250R can act as countermeasure weights against uplift.

In construction section α2, the segment ring SR, side ingots 250L and 250R, weight cart 7, and segment supply device 6 can act as countermeasure weights to prevent uplift.

In construction section α3, the segment ring SR, side ingots 250L, 250R, trailing bogie 20, center ingot 260, and box culvert lower member 201A may act as anti-lift weights.

In construction section α4, the segment ring SR, side ingots 250L, 250R, trailing bogie 20, center ingot 260, box culvert lower member 201A, and box culvert upper member 201B may act as anti-lift weights.

Behind construction section α4, the segment ring SR, side ingots 250L, 250R, center ingot 260, box culvert 201, concrete blocks 202L, 202R, and embankment structures 203L, 203R may act as anti-lift weights.

5 and 6 show first to fifth modified examples of the deck slab 120. FIG.
The differences from the illustration in FIG. 4(c) will be described.

In a first modified example shown in FIG. 5(A), the center ingot 260 is omitted.
In a second modified example shown in FIG. 5(A), the side ingots 250L and 250R are omitted.

In the third modified example shown in Figure 5 (c), concrete blocks 202L and 202R are replaced with embankment structures 203L and 203R.

In the fourth modified example shown in Figure 6 (a), the center ingot 260 is omitted, and the concrete blocks 202L and 202R are replaced with embankment structures 203L and 203R.

In the fifth modified example shown in Figure 6 (a), the side ingots 250L, 250R are omitted, and the concrete blocks 202L, 202R are replaced with embankment structures 203L, 203R.

Figure 7 shows an example of a measure to prevent a shield tunnel from lifting up. In detail, Figure 7(a) shows an example of a shield tunnel that extends at an angle downward from a vertical shaft, and Figures 7(b) to 7(e) are cross-sectional views of sections α11 to α14 of this shield tunnel.

The shaft 300 shown in Figure 7 (A) is a departure shaft or arrival shaft for the shield machine 1 constructed in the natural ground. The shield tunnel 110 was constructed using the aforementioned shield tunnel construction equipment, including the shield machine 1, and extends at an angle downward from the shaft 300. With regard to the shield tunnel 110, the earth covering decreases the closer it gets to the ground surface GL. The less earth covering there is, the more likely the shield tunnel 110 will float up. Therefore, in the example shown in Figure 7, the weight of the anti-floating measures is increased in areas of the shield tunnel 110 with less earth covering (i.e., areas closer to the ground surface GL).

In the shield tunnel 110 shown in Figure 7 (A), the sections are arranged in order as α11, α12, α13, and α14 in the direction away from the shaft 300. In other words, the earth cover gradually decreases from section α14 to section α11.

As shown in Figures 7(a) and (b), in section α11, the segment ring SR, side ingots 250L, 250R, center ingot 260, box culvert 201, concrete blocks 202L, 202R, and embankment structures 203L, 203R can act as countermeasure weights to prevent uplift.

As shown in Figures 7(a) and (c), in section α12, the segment ring SR, side ingots 250L, 250R, box culvert 201, concrete blocks 202L, 202R, and embankment structures 203L, 203R can act as anti-lift weights.

Here, as shown in Figures 7(a) and (c), the sizes of the concrete blocks 202L, 202R are different between sections α11 and α12. Specifically, the concrete blocks 202L, 202R in section α11 are larger than the concrete blocks 202L, 202R in section α12. In this way, the size of the concrete blocks 202L, 202R can be set appropriately depending on the required weight to prevent uplift.

As shown in Figures 7(a) and (d), in section α13, the segment ring SR, side ingots 250L, 250R, box culvert 201, and embankment structures 203L, 203R can act as anti-lift weights.

As shown in Figures 7(a) and (e), in section α14, the segment ring SR, box culvert 201, and embankment structures 203L and 203R can act as anti-uplift weights.

Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of region β in the segment ring SR where the filler ingot 400 is placed. Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of a filler ingot 400 attached to a segment SP when the segment SP is a steel segment, with Figure 9(A) being a plan view and Figure 9(B) being a cross-sectional view taken along C-C of Figure 9(A).

As shown in Figures 9(A) and (B), segment SP, which is a steel segment, comprises a curved, rectangular steel frame body 401, a skin plate 402 arranged to close the natural ground side of frame body 401, and multiple vertical ribs 403. A fill ingot 400 can be placed in part or all of the space enclosed by frame body 401 and skin plate 402. Like the side ingots 250L, 250R and center ingot 260 described above, fill ingot 400 is made of metal (e.g., steel) or has a composite structure of a metal shell (e.g., a steel shell) and an inorganic material (e.g., concrete, mortar, etc.) filled into the metal shell (in other words, a composite structure of metal and inorganic material).

The filler ingot 400 can be used together with the side ingots 250L and 250R described above, or in place of the side ingots 250L and 250R. The filler ingot 400 can also be used together with the center ingot 260 described above, or in place of the center ingot 260.

When the filler ingot 400 functions as the "first sinker member" of the present invention, it can be installed in a segment ring SR made of steel segments within the skin plate 2 of the shield tunneling machine 1, for example, using an erector device 5. When installing the filler ingot 400 using the erector device 5, a gripping hole (not shown) for the gripping portion 5a of the erector device 5 is pre-formed in each of the filler ingots 400.

When the filled ingot 400 functions as the "second weight member" of the present invention, the filled ingot 400 can be placed in a segment ring SR made of steel segments, for example, using the electric hoist 35a of the crane 30.

Furthermore, the filled ingot 400 may be placed in the steel segment SP before the steel segment SP is assembled using the erector device 5.

As shown in FIG. 8, the region β in the segment ring SR where the filler ingot 400 is placed may include the widthwise center portion at the bottom of the tunnel and/or a portion avoiding the widthwise center portion at the bottom of the tunnel. This region β may also be included in the lower half, which is the lower half of the tunnel.

According to this embodiment, the shield tunnel construction method includes constructing a segment ring SR by assembling multiple segments SP within the cylindrical skin plate 2 of the shield machine 1, and installing a first weight member (e.g., side ingots 250L, 250R, filler ingot 400) made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment ring SR within the skin plate 2. Therefore, after constructing the segment ring SR within the skin plate 2, the first weight member can be installed on the segment ring SR immediately. Therefore, measures to prevent the shield tunnel from lifting up can be taken promptly after the segment ring SR is constructed.

Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the segment ring SR is constructed using the erector device 5 of the shield tunneling machine 1, and the first weight member (e.g., side ingots 250L, 250R, and fill ingot 400) is installed on the segment ring SR using the erector device 5. This allows the construction of the segment ring SR and the installation of the first weight member to be carried out as a single operation using the erector device 5.

Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the first weight member (e.g., side ingots 250L, 250R, filler ingot 400) is installed in a portion of the tunnel bottom that avoids the center portion in the width direction. Therefore, interference between the shield machine 1 equipment and the first weight member installed in the tunnel bottom can be prevented.

According to this embodiment, the shield tunnel construction method further includes installing a concrete deck member (e.g., a box culvert 201) in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom. Side ingots 250L, 250R can be installed in positions that avoid this concrete deck member.

According to this embodiment, the shield tunnel construction method further includes installing a second weight member (e.g., center ingot 260, filler ingot 400) made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment ring SR between the shield machine 1 and the trailing bogie 20, which moves in accordance with the shield machine 1's excavation in the tunnel axial direction, or on the trailing bogie 20. The second weight member is installed in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom. A concrete deck member (e.g., box culvert 201) can then be installed on the second weight member in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom.

Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the shield tunnel construction method further includes placing concrete blocks 202L, 202R on the widthwise sides of a concrete deck member (e.g., box culvert 201) extending in the tunnel axial direction. These concrete blocks 202L, 202R can act as a countermeasure weight to prevent the shield tunnel from lifting up.

Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the internal structure of the shield tunnel includes a first weight member (e.g., side ingots 250L, 250R, filler ingot 400) made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material, which is installed in a portion of the tunnel bottom away from the center in the width direction. Therefore, interference between the shield machine 1 equipment and the first weight member installed at the tunnel bottom can be prevented.

In addition, according to this embodiment, the internal structure of the shield tunnel further includes a concrete deck member (e.g., box culvert 201) installed in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom. Side ingots 250L, 250R can be installed in positions that avoid this concrete deck member.

In addition, according to this embodiment, the internal structure of the shield tunnel further includes a second weight member (e.g., center ingot 260, filler ingot 400) made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material, which is installed in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom. A concrete deck member (e.g., box culvert 201) can then be installed on the second weight member in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom.

Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the internal structure of the shield tunnel further comprises concrete blocks 202L, 202R installed on either side of the width of a concrete deck member (e.g., box culvert 201) extending in the tunnel axial direction. In other words, the internal structure of the shield tunnel further comprises a pair of concrete blocks 202L, 202R installed on both sides of the tunnel bottom in the width direction, sandwiching the concrete deck member (e.g., box culvert 201). These concrete blocks 202L, 202R can act as a countermeasure weight to prevent the shield tunnel from lifting up.

In addition, if the weight cart 7 can be omitted as a countermeasure weight against lift-up in the construction section α2 shown in Figure 1, the weight cart 7 does not need to be placed. In other words, the weight cart 7 mentioned above may be omitted.

In this embodiment, it is preferable that at least one of the side ingots 250L, 250R and the center ingot 260 has a lifting bracket so that it can be lifted by a crane or the like when being brought in or transported. This lifting bracket may also be used when installing the center ingot 260 in the segment ring SR.

As mentioned above, the side ingot 250L has a shape in which its thickness (length inside and outside the tunnel) varies around the periphery of the tunnel so as not to interfere with the equipment of the shield tunneling machine 1. For this reason, steps are formed in the side ingot 250L due to the difference in thickness. On the other hand, the gripping portion 5a of the erector device 5 has an engagement portion that can engage with the gripping hole of the segment SP, and multiple abutment portions that are arranged around this engagement portion and can abut against the inner surface of the segment SP. These abutment portions abut against the inner surface of the segment SP, thereby suppressing wobbling of the segment SP against the gripping portion 5a when the segment SP is assembled by the erector device 5. In this regard, when installing the side ingot 250L on the segment ring SR using the erector device 5, by providing a thickness adjustment member such as a base to eliminate the aforementioned step in the side ingot 250L and abutting the contact portion of the gripping portion 5a against this, it is possible to suppress wobbling of the side ingot 250L relative to the gripping portion 5a when installing the side ingot 250L using the erector device 5. This also applies to the side ingot 250R.

In this embodiment, side ingots 250L and 250R are installed on both the left and right sides of the tunnel bottom, but side ingots may be installed on only one side of the tunnel bottom, either the left or right.

In this embodiment, an example is shown in which the cross-sectional shapes of the skin plate 2 and segment ring SR are circular, but the cross-sectional shapes of the skin plate 2 and segment ring SR are not limited to circular. The cross-sectional shapes of the skin plate 2 and segment ring SR may be, for example, elliptical or rectangular.

The illustrated embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention encompasses various improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims, in addition to those directly shown in the described embodiments.
The claims at the time of filing were as follows:
[Claim 1]
Constructing a segment ring by assembling a plurality of segments within a cylindrical skin plate of a shield tunneling machine; and
a first weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material is installed on the segment ring within the skin plate;
How to build a shield tunnel, including:
[Claim 2]
constructing the segment ring using an erector device of the shield tunneling machine;
The first weight member is installed on the segment ring using the erector device.
A method for constructing a shield tunnel according to claim 1.
[Claim 3]
3. A method for constructing a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the first weight member is installed at a portion of the bottom of the tunnel that avoids the central portion in the width direction.
[Claim 4]
A method for constructing a shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising installing a concrete deck member in the widthwise center of the bottom of the tunnel.
[Claim 5]
A method for constructing a shield tunnel as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising installing a second weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment ring between the shield tunneling machine and a trailing bogie that moves in accordance with the excavation of the shield tunneling machine in the tunnel axial direction, or on the trailing bogie.
[Claim 6]
6. The method for constructing a shield tunnel according to claim 5, wherein the second weight member is installed at the center of the width of the bottom of the tunnel.
[Claim 7]
The internal structure of a shield tunnel,
An internal structure of a shield tunnel, comprising a first weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material, which is installed in a portion of the tunnel bottom avoiding the central portion in the width direction.
[Claim 8]
8. The internal structure of a shield tunnel according to claim 7, further comprising a second weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material, which is installed in the center of the width direction at the bottom of the tunnel.
[Claim 9]
9. The internal structure of a shield tunnel according to claim 7 or claim 8, further comprising a concrete deck member installed in the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom.

1...Shield tunneling machine, 2...Skin plate, 3...Cutter head, 4...Propulsion jack, 4a...Cylinder, 4b...Rod, 5...Erector device, 5a...Gripping part, 6...Segment supply device, 6a...Segment transport cart, 7...Weight cart, 20...Following cart, 20A...First cart, 20B...Second cart, 20C...Third cart, 20D...Fourth cart, 30...Crane, 31...Traveling rail, 34a, 34b...Traverse rail, 35a, 35b...Electric hoist, 40...Materials transport cart, 100...Covering body, 110...Shield tunnel, 120...Deck slab, 201...Box culvert, 201 A...box culvert lower member, 201B...box culvert upper member, 202L, 202R...concrete block, 202LA, 202RA...block lower member, 202LB, 202RB...block upper member, 203L, 203R...embankment structure, 250L, 250R...side ingot, 260...center ingot, 300...vertical shaft, 400...fill ingot, 401...frame, 402...skin plate, 403...longitudinal rib, GL...ground surface, S1-S3...division surface, SP...segment, SR...segment ring, α1-α4...construction section, α11-α14...section, β...area

Claims (9)

A segment ring is constructed by assembling a plurality of segments using an erector device of the shield tunneling machine within a cylindrical skin plate of the shield tunneling machine, and a cylindrical lining is constructed by connecting adjacent segment rings in the tunnel axial direction ; and
Installing a first weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment ring using the erector device within the skin plate;
Including,
The shield tunneling machine pushes the segment ring on which the first weight member is installed backward with a propulsion jack of the shield tunneling machine, and advances while excavating the natural ground by the thrust generated as a reaction force,
A method for constructing a shield tunnel , wherein the first weight member does not constitute the lining body . 2. The method for constructing a shield tunnel according to claim 1 , wherein the first weight member is installed at a portion of the tunnel bottom that avoids the central portion in the width direction. 3. A method for constructing a shield tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the first weight member comprises a first portion which is a portion closer to the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom, and a second portion which is a portion farther from the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom than the first portion, and the thickness of the first portion is smaller than the thickness of the second portion. Constructing a segment ring by assembling a plurality of segments within a cylindrical skin plate of a shield tunneling machine using an erector device of the shield tunneling machine ; and
Installing a first weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment ring using the erector device within the skin plate;
Including,
The first weight member is installed at a portion of the tunnel bottom that avoids the center portion in the width direction,
The shield tunneling machine pushes the segment ring on which the first weight member is installed backward with a propulsion jack of the shield tunneling machine, and advances while excavating the natural ground by the thrust generated as a reaction force,
A method for constructing a shield tunnel, wherein the first weight member comprises a first portion which is a portion closer to the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom, and a second portion which is a portion farther from the widthwise center of the tunnel bottom than the first portion, and the thickness of the first portion is smaller than the thickness of the second portion . A method for constructing a shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising installing a concrete deck member in the widthwise center of the bottom of the tunnel. A method for constructing a shield tunnel as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising installing a second weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material on the segment ring between the shield tunneling machine and a trailing bogie that moves in accordance with the excavation of the shield tunneling machine in the tunnel axial direction, or on the trailing bogie . 7. The method for constructing a shield tunnel according to claim 6 , wherein the second weight member is installed at the center of the width direction of the bottom of the tunnel. Constructing a segment ring by assembling a plurality of segments within a cylindrical skin plate of a shield tunneling machine; and
a first weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material is installed on the segment ring within the skin plate;
A shield tunnel construction method comprising:
A second weight member made of metal or a composite structure of metal and inorganic material is installed on the segment ring between the shield machine and a trailing bogie that moves in accordance with the excavation of the shield machine in the tunnel axis direction, or on the trailing bogie; and
Installing a concrete deck member at the center of the width of the tunnel bottom;
Further comprising:
A method for constructing a shield tunnel, wherein the second weight member is installed at the center of the width of the bottom of the tunnel. The shield tunnel construction method according to claim 8, wherein the deck member is installed on the second weight member.