JP7783301B2 - 多孔質金属又はセラミック部品の製造方法及びその方法を用いて製造された部品 - Google Patents
多孔質金属又はセラミック部品の製造方法及びその方法を用いて製造された部品Info
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Description
2つのコンパクトな長方形の直接発泡接点を含む金属発泡プレートを以下のように製造し、部品とした。この部品を製造するために、125mm×75mm×20mmの寸法を有する粗い長方形の金属発泡体の形状のプレートを半製品として使用した。125mm×125mm×20mmの寸法の完成部品の正方形の全体形状が得られるように、2つの第1の体積領域を対向する2辺に配置した。半完成品としての粗発泡体は、セル幅が約4.5mmで、密度が半製品の金属密度の約10%であった。懸濁液のみによって形成された2つの第1の体積領域は、約50%の焼結密度に達し、100μmから1500μmの間の平均孔径及び50%の気孔率がそこで達成された。
金属製の部品の代替として、同じ原理に従ってセラミック部品を製造することにした。この目的のために、水性セラミック懸濁液が調製される。この懸濁液は、0.8μmおよび3.0μmの平均粒径を有するSiC粉末を70:30の割合で混合して製造された二峰性のSiC粒度分布を有し、更に、焼結添加剤として0.6%のホウ素(炭化物)と11%の水溶性多糖類(熱分解後の4%の炭素に相当)を含む。懸濁液は固形分78%に調整される。
Claims (15)
- 異なる気孔率を有する少なくとも3つの互いに隣接する体積領域を含む多孔質金属及び/又はセラミック部品を製造する方法であって、
ポリマー材料で形成される開孔発泡体に、前記発泡体の壁体の表面において、開孔ベース構造が維持されるように、金属コーティング又は金属粒子若しくはセラミック粒子で形成されたコーティングを施し、
金属粒子又はセラミック粒子、液体及びポリマー結合剤で形成され、更にその中に事前に形成された気泡が存在する懸濁液を、半製品として機能する前記発泡体の表面と接触させ、次いで、このようにして得られた前記半製品の所定の表面領域で所定の形状にし、この懸濁液の一部が、端部層領域で、前記半製品として機能する前記発泡体の開気孔に浸透し、
その後、熱処理を用いる乾燥プロセスを実施し、その間に、前記懸濁液に含まれる液体が排出され、ポリマー成分が除去され、その後、焼結プロセスを実施し、
焼結中に、前記懸濁液中に存在する気泡の結果として専ら得られたより小さい気孔率を有する第1の体積領域が、前記懸濁液に由来する前記金属又はセラミック材料によって形成され、この第1の体積領域に隣接して、同様に多孔質である第2の体積領域が形成され、前記第2の体積領域が、前記半製品の壁体のコーティングからの前記金属又はセラミックと、前記懸濁液の前記金属又は前記セラミックとで形成されており、これらの金属及び/又はセラミックが、前記第2の体積領域内で一体的に、かつポジティブロッキング方式で互いに接合されており、それにより、前記コーティングされた発泡体から得られ、前記第1の体積領域よりも大きな気孔率を有する、開孔された第3の体積領域の前記金属又はセラミックの開孔構造に前記第2の体積領域が接合される、
方法。 - 前記半製品を形成するために、前記ポリマー材料で形成された発泡体が、以下の方法で、その壁体において、金属でコーティングされることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法:
- CVD法、
- PVD法、
- ガルバニック法、または
- 金属粒子若しくはセラミック粒子を含む懸濁液により、懸濁液によるコーティングによって得られた前記半製品が、前記第1及び第2の体積領域を形成するために前記懸濁液をそれに適用させる前に乾燥され、それによって、前記コーティングされた壁体が、気泡を含む懸濁液に表面領域が接触させられるときに損傷を回避するのに十分な強度を有するように、十分に高いグリーン強度が達成される。 - 前記半製品の壁体が、前記第1及び第2の体積領域を形成するための前記懸濁液を形成するために使用されたのと同じ金属又は同じセラミックでコーティングされることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも0.1mPasの粘度を有する懸濁液、及び/又は、前記懸濁液の総体積の少なくとも5%から最大50%までの体積割合を有する気泡が存在する懸濁液が、前記第1及び第2の体積領域を形成するために使用されることを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1及び第2の体積領域を形成するために、前記懸濁液が、
- 少なくとも1つの凹部に、又は
- 窪みに、又は
- 前記半製品上に形成される穿孔に、及び/又は、
- 特定の前記半製品に取り付け可能な成形用具の内部に、
添加されることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記半製品表面からの、前記半製品の細孔への前記懸濁液の浸透深さが、外部から作用する力によって影響されることを特徴とする、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記半製品それ自体、又はそれに取り付けられた成形用具を有する半製品が、振動させられること、及び/又は、プロセス中で前記懸濁液に圧力が加えられることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 60%~95%の範囲の気孔率を有する半製品が使用されること、及び/又は、0%~55%の範囲の気孔率を有する前記部品において前記懸濁液で第1及び/又は第2の体積領域が形成されることを特徴とする、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 使用される前記金属がFeCrAl合金であることを特徴とする、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 異なる気孔率を有する少なくとも3つの互いに隣接する体積領域を含む多孔質金属及び/又はセラミック部品であって、懸濁液に由来する金属又はセラミック材料で形成された第1の体積領域であって、前記第1の体積領域が、熱処理を用いる乾燥プロセスの結果であり、前記懸濁液中に存在する気泡の結果として専ら得られるより小さい気孔率を有する、第1の体積領域と、この第1の体積領域に隣接して、同様に多孔質であるか又は緻密である第2の体積領域であって、前記第2の体積領域が、半製品の壁体のコーティングからの金属及び/又はセラミック、並びに前記懸濁液の前記金属及び/又は前記セラミックで形成され、これらの金属及び/又はセラミックが、一体的に、かつポジティブロッキング方式で互いに接合され、それにより、コーティングされた発泡体から得られ、前記第1の体積領域よりも大きな気孔率を有する前記半製品の一部を形成する第3の体積領域の前記金属又はセラミックの開孔構造に前記第2の体積領域が接合される、第2の体積領域と、によって特徴づけられる、部品。
- 第3の体積領域が、前記懸濁液に由来する材料によってコーティングされていない前記半製品の一部によって形成される、請求項10に記載の部品。
- 前記第3の体積領域が、少なくとも65%の気孔率を有し、前記第1及び第3の体積領域の間に配置される前記第2の体積領域の気孔率が、前記部品の前記第1及び第3の体積領域におけるものよりも小さいことを特徴とする、請求項10又は11に記載の部品。
- 少なくとも前記第1の体積領域で、電気エネルギーのための、又は外部からアクセス可能な、前記部品への及び/若しくは前記部品からの媒体の供給及び/若しくは除去のための、少なくとも1つの接続部が形成されることを特徴とする、請求項10から12のいずれか一項に記載の部品。
- 互いに間隔を空けて配置された複数の第1及び第2の体積領域が、部品に存在することを特徴とする、請求項10から13のいずれか一項に記載の部品。
- 前記第3の体積領域が、80%~93%の範囲の気孔率を有することを特徴とする、請求項10から14のいずれか一項に記載の部品。
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| DE102021204741.6A DE102021204741A1 (de) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines porösen metallischen oder keramischen Bauteils sowie ein mit dem Verfahren hergestelltes Bauteil |
| DE102021204741.6 | 2021-05-11 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/062633 WO2022238399A1 (de) | 2021-05-11 | 2022-05-10 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines porösen metallischen oder keramischen bauteils sowie ein mit dem verfahren hergestelltes bauteil |
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| DE102024209547A1 (de) * | 2024-09-30 | 2026-04-02 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Verfahren und Anlage zum Aufbringen einer Schicht, die Metall enthält oder daraus besteht, auf einen Membranträger, und Membranträger, der als eine Membranträger-Membran-Anordnung ausgebildet sein kann |
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| JP2020534434A (ja) | 2017-09-19 | 2020-11-26 | アランタム ヨーロッパ ゲーエムベーハーAlantum Europe Gmbh | 表面改質された金属製の開孔成型体の製造方法、および該方法により製造された成型体 |
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| DE102008054596B4 (de) * | 2008-12-12 | 2011-04-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Offenzellige Keramik- und/oder Metallschaumkörper mit rauer umhüllender Oberfläche und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
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| JP2007151805A (ja) | 2005-12-05 | 2007-06-21 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 医療用デバイスおよび医療用デバイスの表面改質方法 |
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| JP2020534433A (ja) | 2017-09-19 | 2020-11-26 | アランタム ヨーロッパ ゲーエムベーハーAlantum Europe Gmbh | 金属製の開孔成型体の製造方法、および該方法により製造された成型体 |
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| DE102021204741A1 (de) | 2022-11-17 |
| EP4337405A1 (de) | 2024-03-20 |
| KR20240007239A (ko) | 2024-01-16 |
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