JP7790119B2 - Construction methods for buildings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a construction method for a building.

There are known construction methods for buildings that involve acquiring floor image data using an image sensor or projecting an image onto the floor using a projector (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4).

JP 2016-151113 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-176484 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-193484 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-181374

It would be desirable to use an image sensor or projector to facilitate marking work during building construction.

The object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for buildings that facilitates marking work.

A construction method for a building according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an installation step of installing a flotation device on a structure located above the floor surface, the flotation device having a buoyancy-generating float, an image sensor, an adhesive body detachable from the structure, and a long body, by moving the flotation device in a buoyant state via operation using the long body and attaching the adhesive body to the structure, installing the flotation device; an acquisition step of acquiring image data of a display formed on the floor surface by marking out work using the image sensor; and a determination step of determining whether or not the display formed on the floor surface needs to be corrected based on the results of comparing the acquired image data with data of a target display on the floor surface.

In the above-described configuration, the construction method of the present invention preferably includes a difference projection step in which the acquired image data is compared with data of a target display on the floor surface to detect areas where the display differs significantly from the target, and an image of the target display to be formed on the floor surface is projected onto the floor surface by a projector possessed by the levitation device, changing the shape of the area; and the judgment step preferably includes an image confirmation step in which, based on the image projected onto the floor surface, it is determined whether or not the display formed on the floor surface needs to be corrected.

A construction method for a building according to a second aspect of the present invention includes an installation step of installing a levitation device on a structure located above the floor surface, the levitation device having a buoyant body that generates buoyancy, a projector, an adhesive body that can be attached to and detached from the structure, and a long body, by operating the levitation device in a levitated state via the long body and attaching the adhesive body to the structure, and a target projection step of projecting an image of a target display to be formed on the floor surface by marking out the image onto the floor surface using the projector.

In the above-described configuration, the construction method for a building of the present invention is preferably a method in which the structure constitutes a ceiling.

In the construction method for a building of the present invention, in the above configuration, it is preferable that the attracting body is composed of an electromagnet and the structure is composed of a magnetic material.

In the construction method of the present invention, in the above configuration, it is preferable that the floating body is a balloon.

In the construction method for a structure of the present invention, in the above configuration, it is preferable that the floating body is composed of a propeller and the floating device has a buffer member below the propeller.

The present invention provides a construction method for buildings that facilitates marking work.

1 is a side view showing a state at the start of an installation step in a construction method for a building according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state at the start of the installation step shown in FIG. 1; 3 is a perspective view showing the state when the levitation device is moved from the state shown in FIG. 2 and is attached to the ceiling. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the state when the telescopic rod is extended from the state shown in FIG. 3 and the installation of the levitation device is completed. FIG. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a projection step carried out from the state shown in FIG. 4 through an acquisition step. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a mark formed on a floor surface by marking work. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the flotation device shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an installation step using the levitation machine shown in FIG. 7.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the construction method for a building according to the first embodiment of the present invention is carried out indoors within the building using a flotation device 1. According to this embodiment, marking work can be easily performed using the flotation device 1.

As shown in Figure 6, a robot 23 or a worker creates markings 20 on the floor surface 2 of a building through marking work, including marking lines 21 such as reference marks 21a and small marks 21b. The markings 20 created on the floor surface 2 through marking work may include not only marking lines 21, but also marks 22 such as letters, symbols, and barcodes. During marking work, it is necessary to accurately create such markings 20.

The robot 23 has a printer 24 for printing the display 20 on the floor surface 2, a drive device 25 consisting of wheels or crawlers, and an image confirmation device 26 consisting of a camera or the like for confirming the image projected on the floor surface 2, and can be operated by computer control.

As shown in Figure 5, the building has a floor 2 and a ceiling 4 as a structure 3 located above the floor 2. The ceiling 4 is composed of a framework 5 and a steel deck 6. In other words, the underside of the ceiling 4 is formed of a magnetic material. The structure of the floor 7 is not particularly limited, and may be composed of concrete 8 poured on top of the framework 5 and steel deck 6, for example.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the levitation device 1 has a float 9, an image sensor 10, a projector 11, a suction device 12, a control device 13, a body 14, a long body 15, an antenna 16, and an operating device 17. The float 9, the image sensor 10, the projector 11, the suction device 12, the control device 13, one end of the long body 15, and the antenna 16 are held by the body 14. The other end of the long body 15 is connected to the operating device 17. The operating device 17 has a built-in power source such as a battery. In this embodiment, the long body 15 is a flexible electric wire that is responsible for power supply and communication.

In this embodiment, the float 9 is a balloon. The gas put into the balloon is not particularly limited as long as it is lighter than air, and can be helium, for example. The gas inside the float 9 generates buoyancy that constantly raises the levitation device 1. Using a balloon as the float 9 reduces the risk of a sudden fall, allowing for safe operation.

The image sensor 10 is a camera that captures an image of the floor surface 2 and acquires image data of the floor surface 2, including the display 20. Note that the image sensor 10 is not limited to a camera and may be configured, for example, as a 3D scanner.

Projector 11 can project and display images instructed by control device 13 onto floor surface 2. There are no particular limitations on the type of projector 11, and it may be, for example, an LCD projector, a CRT projector, a DLP projector, etc.

The suction device 12 is composed of telescopic rods 12a extending upward from the body 14 at four points surrounding the levitation body 9, and electromagnets serving as suction bodies 12b connected to the tip (upper end) of each telescopic rod 12a. The telescopic rods 12a can be extended and retracted by the control device 13 via a drive mechanism (not shown). The power to the electromagnets is turned on and off by the control device 13.

The body 14 has sufficient rigidity to hold the levitation body 9, image sensor 10, projector 11, suction device 12, control device 13, one end of the elongated body 15, and antenna 16. There are no particular limitations on the shape and material of the body 14.

The control device 13 is composed of a computer and is connected to the image sensor 10, projector 11, and suction device 12 via wire or wirelessly. The control device 13 is also connected to the operation device 17 via the elongated body 15 (electrical wire), and controls the image sensor 10, projector 11, and suction device 12 in response to inputs made by the operator to the operation device 17.

The operating device 17 has an operating unit (not shown) that receives input operations. The type of operating unit is not particularly limited, and may be a button type, a dial type, a joystick type, or any combination of these.

In this embodiment, the operator can easily change the height and direction of the levitation device 1 or move it horizontally by holding and pulling the electric wire serving as the long member. Therefore, the operation for moving the levitation body 9 can be left to the pulling operation described above, and other input operations for the image sensor 10, projector 11, and suction device 12 can be performed using the operation unit of the operation device 17. This simplifies the configuration of the operation unit and eliminates the need for skilled operation.

The control device 13 is connected to an antenna 16, and is capable of wirelessly communicating with a base station 18 via the antenna 16. The base station 18 is installed in a framework 5 that makes up the ceiling 4. The installation location of the base station 18 is not limited to this, and it may also be installed in another structure 3. It is also possible to use a base station 18 installed outside the building. The base station 18 is connected to an information processing system that links with a BIM (Building Information Modeling) model, which adds data such as management information to 3D model data of a building. The information processing system can perform image processing, etc.

The shape of the antenna 16 is not particularly limited, and it may be configured, for example, to be built into the control device 13.

In the construction method for a building according to this embodiment, after the marking work, the display 20 is actually formed on the floor surface 2, the installation step, acquisition step, difference projection step, and judgment step are carried out in this order. Note that the installation step may be carried out before the display 20 is actually formed on the floor surface 2.

The installation step is a step in which the levitation device 1 is moved in a floating state to the ceiling 4, which is a structure 3 located above the floor surface 2, by operating the elongated body 15, and the suction body 12b is attached to the ceiling 4, thereby installing the levitation device 1.

In the installation step, first, a worker moves while holding the operating device 17 and the elongated body 15, and operates the elongated body 15 to move the levitation device 1 to an appropriate position near the ceiling 4. After that, the worker turns on the power to the electromagnet via the operating device 17, and as shown in Figure 3, the electromagnet is attracted to the underside of the ceiling 4 due to its adhesive force.

Furthermore, when the electromagnet is operated, the control device 13 detects the position and orientation of the levitation device 1. There are no particular limitations on the means of detection, and for example, a GPS receiver may be provided in the levitation device 1, and the position and orientation of the levitation device 1 may be detected by the GPS receiver via the base station 18. Alternatively, the image sensor 10 may acquire images of the floor surface 2 and surrounding structures 3, and send them to an information processing system to calculate the position and orientation of the levitation device 1.

When the control device 13 detects the position and orientation of the levitation device 1, it adjusts the length of the telescopic rod 12a so that the image sensor 10 and projector 11 are at the appropriate height, as shown in Figure 4.

The acquisition step is a step in which the image sensor 10 acquires image data of the markings 20 formed on the floor surface 2 by marking work. The image sensor 10 captures an image of the markings 20 actually formed on the floor surface 2 and acquires the image data.

The difference projection step is a step in which the acquired image data is compared with the data of the target display 20 on the floor surface 2 to detect areas where the difference in the display 20 relative to the target is significant, and an image of the target display 20 to be formed on the floor surface 2 is projected onto the floor surface 2 by the projector 11, changing the form (e.g., color) of the area, as shown in FIG. 5. The information processing system compares the acquired image data with the data of the target display 20 on the floor surface 2, generates image data, and sends it to the control device 13. There are no particular limitations on the method for determining whether the difference in the display 20 relative to the target is significant; for example, a method may be used in which the difference is determined to be significant when the value quantified according to a predetermined algorithm is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold.

The judgment step is a step in which, based on the results of comparing the acquired image data with the data of the target display 20 on the floor surface 2, it is determined whether or not the display 20 formed on the floor surface 2 needs to be corrected. In this embodiment, the judgment step is an image confirmation step.

The image confirmation step is a step in which the robot 23 or worker determines whether or not the display 20 formed on the floor surface 2 needs to be corrected, based on the image projected onto the floor surface 2. The robot 23 or worker can determine whether or not the actually formed display 20 needs to be corrected and how to correct it, simply by checking the parts of the image projected onto the floor surface 2 that have different shapes. The robot 23 or worker then corrects the display 20 as appropriate based on the above determination, and completes the marking work.

As described above, in this embodiment, by using a flotation device 1 having a towable elongated body 15, marking work can be performed by general workers who do not have skilled operating techniques. Furthermore, by using it indoors with a ceiling 4, there is no need to consider the effect of wind on the flotation device 1, and it can be performed with a flotation device 1 of simple configuration. Furthermore, by performing the work indoors, notifications and flight plans can be simplified.

In this embodiment, the suction device 12 has an electromagnet, but the suction body 12b is not limited to an electromagnet and may be, for example, a permanent magnet. When a permanent magnet is used as the suction body 12b, the suction device 12 may be configured, for example, to have a cylindrical member extending in the vertical direction and a permanent magnet that can be protruded upward from within the cylindrical member or retracted into the cylindrical member by the drive device 25. Furthermore, the suction body 12b is not limited to a magnet and may be configured using a vacuum device. Furthermore, the suction device 12 is not limited to a configuration having an extendable rod 12a.

In this embodiment, the float 9 is a balloon, but as in the modified example shown in Figures 7 and 8, the float 9 may be a propeller, and the float device 1 may have a buffer member 19 below the propeller. When the propeller is powered on by input to the operating device 17, it constantly generates buoyancy that lifts the float device 1. The interference member is, for example, a doughnut-shaped elastic hollow body, and also functions as the body 14. The buffer member 19 can increase safety in the unlikely event that the float device 1 falls due to a malfunction of the propeller, etc. Note that an interference member may not be provided.

Furthermore, the flotation device 1 of this modified example has a rod-shaped body with an electric wire inside as the long body 15. Therefore, an operator can hold the operating device 17 and the long body 15 and pull or push the long body 15, thereby instantly moving the flotation device 1 via the long body 15. Note that in this modified example, a flexible electric wire may also be used as the long body 15. Furthermore, instead of the electric wire used in the above embodiment, a rod-shaped body with an electric wire inside may be used as the long body 15.

In a construction method for a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention, during marking work, an installation step and a target projection step may be performed before the display 20 is actually formed on the floor surface 2. In this case, the levitation device 1 may be configured without an image camera. The target projection step is a step in which an image of the target display 20 to be formed on the floor surface 2 by marking work is projected onto the floor surface 2 by the projector 11. In the target projection step, the information processing system generates image data of the target display 20 and transmits it to the control device 13. The robot 23 or a worker can actually and accurately form the display 20 on the floor surface 2 based on the image projected on the floor surface 2.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Therefore, the construction method for a building according to the first embodiment described above can be modified as long as it includes the following steps: an installation step of installing a levitation device 1 having a buoyancy-generating float 9, an image sensor 10, an adhesive body 12b that can be attached to and detached from the structure 3, and a long body 15 on a structure 3 located above the floor surface 2; a step of moving the levitation device 1 in a floating state by operating the long body 15 and attaching the adhesive body 12b to the structure 3 to install the levitation device 1; an acquisition step of acquiring image data of the display 20 formed on the floor surface 2 by marking out work using the image sensor 10; and a determination step of determining whether or not corrections to the display 20 formed on the floor surface 2 are necessary based on the results of comparing the acquired image data with the data of the display 20 on the target floor surface 2.

Furthermore, the construction method for a building according to the second embodiment described above can be modified as long as it includes an installation step of installing a levitation device 1 having a buoyancy-generating float 9, a projector 11, an adhesive body 12b that can be attached to and detached from the structure 3, and a long body 15 on a structure 3 located above the floor surface 2, in which the levitation device 1 is moved in a floating state by operating the long body 15 and the adhesive body 12b is attached to the structure 3, thereby installing the levitation device 1; and a target projection step of projecting an image of a target display 20 to be formed on the floor surface 2 by marking out the image onto the floor surface 2 using the projector 11.

For example, the construction method for a building according to the first embodiment described above may include, instead of the difference projection step, a display step in which acquired image data is compared with data on the target display 20 on the floor surface 2 to detect areas where the display 20 differs significantly from the target, and an image of the target display 20 to be formed on the floor surface 2 is displayed on a mobile device such as a tablet, laptop, or smartphone, or on a wearable device such as goggles, with the form of the area changed. In this case, the judgment step may include a terminal image confirmation step in which, based on the image displayed on the terminal, it is determined whether or not the display 20 formed on the floor surface 2 needs to be corrected. Furthermore, the levitation device 1 is not limited to a configuration having a projector 11.

Furthermore, in the construction method for a building according to the above-described embodiment, the number of suction bodies 12b attached to the levitation machine 1 is not limited to four and can be set as appropriate. The suction bodies 12b are not limited to the ceiling 4, and may be configured to be detachable on the side walls of the structure 3, for example. The construction method for a building according to the above-described embodiment is not limited to a method of performing marking work inside the building.

The construction method for a building according to the first embodiment described above preferably includes a difference projection step in which the acquired image data is compared with the data of the display 20 on the target floor surface 2 to detect areas where there is a significant difference from the target, and an image of the target display 20 to be formed on the floor surface 2 is projected onto the floor surface 2 by the projector 11 of the levitation machine 1, changing the shape of that area; and a judgment step in which the structure 3 is a method of constructing a ceiling 4, preferably including an image confirmation step in which it is judged based on the image projected onto the floor surface 2 whether or not the display 20 formed on the floor surface 2 needs to be corrected.

In the construction method for the building of the aforementioned embodiment, it is preferable that the structure 3 constitutes the ceiling 4 in the above configuration.

In the construction method for the building of the aforementioned embodiment, it is preferable that, in the above configuration, the attracting body 12b is composed of an electromagnet and the structure 3 is composed of a magnetic material.

In the construction method for the structure of the above-described embodiment, it is preferable that the floating body 9 is constructed from a balloon.

In the construction method for the structure of the above-described embodiment, it is preferable that, in the above configuration, the float 9 is composed of a propeller and the floatation device 1 has a buffer member below the propeller.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Float 2 Floor 3 Structure 4 Ceiling 5 Frame 6 Steel deck 7 Floor 8 Concrete 9 Float 10 Image sensor 11 Projector 12 Adsorption device 12a Telescopic rod 12b Adsorption device 13 Control device 14 Body 15 Long body 16 Antenna 17 Operation device 18 Base station 19 Buffer member 20 Display 21 Marking line 21a Reference mark 21b Small mark 22 Mark 23 Robot 24 Printer 25 Driving device 26 Video confirmation device

Claims (7)

an installation step of installing a levitation device on a structure located above a floor surface, the levitation device having a buoyant body that generates buoyancy, an image sensor, an adhesive body that can be attached to and detached from the structure, and a long body, by moving the levitation device in a floating state by operating the long body and adsorbing the adhesive body to the structure;
an acquisition step of acquiring image data of a mark formed on the floor surface by marking work using the image sensor;
and a judgment step of determining whether or not the display formed on the floor surface needs to be corrected based on the comparison result between the acquired image data and the data of the target display on the floor surface. a difference projection step of detecting a portion where the difference between the display and the target is significant by comparing the acquired image data with data of the target display on the floor surface, and projecting an image of the target display to be formed on the floor surface by a projector included in the levitation machine onto the floor surface while changing the shape of the portion;
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining step includes an image checking step of determining whether or not the display formed on the floor surface needs to be corrected based on the image projected onto the floor surface. an installation step of installing a levitation device on a structure located above a floor surface, the levitation device having a float that generates buoyancy, a projector, an adhesive body that can be attached to and detached from the structure, and an elongated body, the levitation device being moved in a floating state by operating the elongated body, and the adhesive body being attached to the structure, thereby installing the levitation device;
a target projection step of projecting an image of a target display to be formed on the floor surface by marking work onto the floor surface using the projector. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the structure constitutes a ceiling. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the attracting body is an electromagnet and the structure is made of a magnetic material. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the buoyant body comprises a balloon. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the float is a propeller and the float has a buffer member below the propeller.