JP7796563B2 - Power management device, power management system, power management method, and power management program - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to a power management device, a power management system, a power management method, and a power management program that manage power.

Non-fossil fuel energy sources have two values: electricity and environmental value. With the progress of global decarbonization, there is a growing need to procure electricity with environmental value attached. For example, in April 2016, the Act on the Advancement of Energy Supply Structure (Energy Advancement Act) was amended to require retail electricity suppliers selling more than 500 million kWh of electricity per year to achieve a non-fossil fuel energy ratio of at least 44% by fiscal year 2030. In addition, initiatives such as RE100 (Renewable Energy 100%), an international initiative aiming for companies to cover their business electricity consumption with 100% renewable energy (hereinafter referred to as "renewable energy"), are being promoted. In response to the growing need for environmental value, systems for trading environmental value, such as the non-fossil fuel value trading market and the J-Credit Scheme, have been established, allowing retail electricity suppliers and consumers to buy and sell environmental value. However, procuring more environmental value than necessary incurs unnecessary costs, and if the amount of environmental value procured is insufficient, renewable energy targets cannot be achieved. For this reason, retail electricity providers and consumers need a system to properly manage the environmental value of electricity.

Patent Document 1 discloses technology for creating generator operation plans for a retail electricity supplier that manages both generators that generate electricity using renewable energy and generators that generate electricity using non-renewable energy, in order to reduce both power generation costs and carbon dioxide emissions.

JP 2015-159624 A

However, the technology described in Patent Document 1 creates an operation plan by searching for a solution that results in lower power generation costs and lower carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, the technology described in Patent Document 1 may not be able to achieve the target renewable energy ratio depending on the conditions.

The present disclosure has been made in light of the above, and aims to provide a power management device that can create a supply and demand plan that can achieve a renewable energy ratio target.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the objectives, the power management device disclosed herein includes a plan creation unit that creates a power supply and demand plan by determining, as variables, the amount of power supplied from the business selling electricity to the power distribution line of the consumer , the amount of power supplied from the consumer's storage equipment to the distribution line, the amount of power consumed by the consumer's load , and the amount of power used to charge the storage equipment with a mixture of renewable energy and non-renewable energy, respectively, so as to meet the target value, using a target value for the ratio of renewable energy to the power consumed by the consumer, a predicted value for the consumer's power demand , a predicted value for the consumer's power generation from renewable energy, the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of power generated by the consumer's power generation equipment, and the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of power supplied from the electricity selling business to the power distribution line of the consumer, by dividing the amount of power supplied from the business selling electricity to the power distribution line of the consumer, the amount of power supplied from the consumer's storage equipment to the distribution line, the amount of power consumed by the consumer's load, and the amount of power used to charge the power storage equipment with a mixture of renewable energy and non-renewable energy, and separating them into renewable energy and non-renewable energy, so as to meet the target value.

The power management device disclosed herein has the effect of being able to create a supply and demand plan that can achieve a renewable energy ratio target.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a facility to be managed by a power management system according to a first embodiment; FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a central device and a base device according to a first embodiment. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a supply and demand plan creation process procedure in the central device according to the first embodiment. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a sorting process according to the first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a model of power exchange at a base according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a model of power exchange between bases to be managed according to the first embodiment; 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a supply and demand plan creation process procedure when a target value is updated in the central device according to the first embodiment. A flowchart showing an example of a procedure for setting an initial value of a weekly target value according to the first embodiment. A flowchart showing an example of the process of setting target values for the next week, which is the process of step S23 in the first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a computer system that realizes a central device according to a first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a base and an operator according to a second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a central device and a base device according to a second embodiment. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a supply and demand plan creation process procedure in a base device according to a second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a base and an operator according to a third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a central device and a base device according to a third embodiment. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a supply and demand plan creation process procedure in a base device according to a third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of a method for determining a price signal according to the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a power resource management device according to a fourth embodiment; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen of a supply and demand plan created in the first to fourth embodiments.

The power management device, power management system, power management method, and power management program according to the embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a facility that is a target of management by a power management system according to a first embodiment. The power management system according to this embodiment manages the power of a consumer having bases 3-1 to 3-M (M is an integer of 2 or greater), which are examples of multiple bases. Hereinafter, when referring to each of the bases 3-1 to 3-M without distinguishing them individually, they will be referred to as bases 3. In this embodiment, the consumer is, for example, a company, a business operator, a public organization, etc., but is not limited to these, and may be a consumer having multiple bases 3.

In the example shown in Figure 1, base 3-1 is equipped with renewable energy power generation equipment 4-1, non-renewable energy power generation equipment 5-1, load 6-1, and power storage equipment 7-1; base 3-2 is equipped with renewable energy power generation equipment 4-2, power storage equipment 7-2, and load 6-2; and base 3-M is equipped with renewable energy power generation equipment 4-NR, non-renewable energy power generation equipment 5-NNR, and load 6-NL. While Figure 1 shows an example where M is 3 or more, as mentioned above, M may also be 2.

Renewable energy power generation facilities 4-1 to 4-NR are facilities that generate electricity using renewable energy, such as solar power generation facilities and wind power generation facilities. Hereinafter, when referring to renewable energy power generation facilities 4-1 to 4-NR without distinguishing them individually, they will be referred to as renewable energy power generation facilities 4. NR indicates the total number of renewable energy power generation facilities 4 at bases 3-1 to 3-M. Non-renewable energy power generation facilities 5-1 to 5-NNR are facilities that generate electricity using energy other than renewable energy, such as power generation facilities that use diesel engines, gas turbines, and gas engines. Hereinafter, when referring to non-renewable energy power generation facilities 5-1 to 5-NNR without distinguishing them individually, they will be referred to as non-renewable energy power generation facilities 5. NNR indicates the total number of non-renewable energy power generation facilities 5 at bases 3-1 to 3-M. The specific power generation facilities of renewable energy power generation facilities 4-1 to 4-NR and non-renewable energy power generation facilities 5-1 to 5-NNR are not limited to these examples.

Electricity storage facilities 7-1 and 7-2 have storage batteries and charge and discharge the batteries. Although not shown in Figure 1, other electricity storage facilities may be installed within bases 3-1 to 3-M, and when referring to the electricity storage facilities installed within bases 3-1 to 3-M without distinguishing between them individually, they will be referred to as electricity storage facilities 7.

Note that Figure 1 is an example; for example, a power storage facility 7 may be installed at 3-M, or there may be a base 3 that does not have a renewable energy power generation facility 4, a non-renewable energy power generation facility 5, or a power storage facility 7; the number of renewable energy power generation facilities 4, non-renewable energy power generation facilities 5, and power storage facilities 7 installed at each base 3 is not limited to the example shown in Figure 1.

Loads 6-1 to 6-NL are equipment that consumes electricity. Hereinafter, when loads 6-1 to 6-NL are referred to individually without distinction, they will be referred to as loads 6. In FIG. 1, the equipment that consumes electricity at one base 3 is collectively shown as load 6, and each load 6 may be composed of multiple pieces of equipment within the same base 3. Furthermore, bases 3-1 to 3-M may include bases 3 that only generate electricity, i.e., bases 3 that do not have loads 6. NL is the number of bases 3 out of bases 3-1 to 3-M that have loads 6 installed. If loads 6 are installed at all of bases 3-1 to 3-M, then NL = M.

In Figure 1, the renewable energy power generation equipment 4, non-renewable energy power generation equipment 5, load 6, and storage equipment 7 of each base 3 are connected to a single line at the top, but the equipment at each base 3 may be connected to the same distribution line, or each base 3 may be connected to a different distribution line. Furthermore, bases 3-1 to 3-M may span multiple transmission and distribution areas.

At each base 3, the load 6 at the same base 3 can consume electricity generated or discharged within the base 3, and the electricity generated within the base 3 can be used to charge the power storage equipment 7. At each base 3, the load 6 can also consume electricity purchased from a retail electricity supplier, etc., and the purchased electricity can be used to charge the power storage equipment 7. Power can also be shared between bases 3.

As shown in FIG. 1, base devices 2-1 to 2-M are installed at bases 3-1 to 3-M. Hereinafter, when referring to base devices 2-1 to 2-M without distinction, they will be referred to as base device 2. Base device 2 manages equipment information, which is information about equipment within the corresponding base 3, such as renewable energy power generation equipment 4, non-renewable energy power generation equipment 5, load 6, and power storage equipment 7, and acquires actual values of power generation and power consumption. The equipment information includes, for example, the rated output of the renewable energy power generation equipment 4, the rated output and power generation cost of the non-renewable energy power generation equipment 5, the rated capacity of the power storage equipment 7, and information indicating constraints related to the SOC (State of Charge). Furthermore, if there are any constraints on the power consumption of load 6, the equipment information may also include information indicating those constraints. Measurement values from a smart meter or the like installed at each base 3 may be used as actual values of power generation and power consumption, or measurements from a PCS (Power Conditioning Subsystem) in the renewable energy power generation equipment 4 or other measuring devices may be used.

Bases 3-1 to 3-M are connected to central device 1, which is the power management device of this embodiment, via a communications network. Any network may be used as the communications network. By managing the source of electricity separately as renewable energy and non-renewable energy, central device 1 creates a supply and demand plan for each base 3 that reduces the costs borne by consumers while achieving the consumer's renewable energy ratio target. Based on the created supply and demand plan, central device 1 determines control command values for controlling each device (each facility) at each base 3 and transmits the control command values to base device 2. The supply and demand plan created by central device 1 includes a power generation plan, a charging and discharging plan for power storage equipment 7, a power purchase plan, and a power sales plan for each base 3. Base device 2 controls each device (each facility) at base 3 based on the control command values received from central device 1.

Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example configuration of the central device 1 and base device 2-1 in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 2, base device 2-1 includes a transmitter/receiver 21, a facility information storage unit 22, a performance value acquisition unit 23, and an equipment control unit 24. Although not shown in Figure 2, base devices 2-2 to 2-M have the same configuration as base device 2-1, and the operation of base devices 2-2 to 2-M is also the same as base device 2-1.

The equipment information storage unit 22 stores equipment information for the equipment within the base 3. The transceiver unit 21 communicates with other devices. For example, the transceiver unit 21 transmits the equipment information stored in the equipment information storage unit 22 to the central unit 1 and transmits the performance values received from the performance value acquisition unit 23 to the central unit 1. The equipment information may be transmitted to the central unit 1 upon request from the central unit 1. For example, the equipment information may be transmitted as part of a registration process before the central unit 1 creates the initial supply and demand plan, and thereafter transmitted to the central unit 1 whenever there is a change in the equipment information. Alternatively, the equipment information may be transmitted periodically, such as monthly. The transceiver unit 21 also receives control command values from the central unit 1 and outputs the received control command values to the equipment control unit 24. The equipment control unit 24 controls the equipment (facility) at the base 3 based on the control command values received from the transceiver unit 21.

The actual value acquisition unit 23 acquires actual values of the amount of power generated and consumed within the base and outputs the acquired actual values to the transceiver unit 21. As described above, the actual values may be measured values from a smart meter or the like, or values measured by a PCS or other measuring device. The actual values may be actual values for the base 3 or for each device (facility). If the actual value of the charge/discharge amount of the power storage facility 7 can be acquired, the actual values may include the actual value of the charge/discharge amount of the power storage facility 7. If there are missing actual values, the actual value acquisition unit 23 may calculate the actual value corresponding to the missing value using planned values or other actual values. The base device 2-1 may include an actual value storage unit (not shown), the actual value acquisition unit 23 may store the actual values in the actual value storage unit, and the transceiver unit 21 may transmit the actual values stored in the actual value storage unit to the central device 1. As a result, for example, the transceiver unit 21 may collectively transmit actual values for one day, one week, etc. to the central device 1.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the power system comprises a central unit 1, base units 2-1 to 2-M, a prediction unit 31, a transaction support unit 32, and a plan submission support unit 33. The central unit 1 transmits actual values received from base units 2-1 to 2-M to the prediction unit 31, and receives prediction results for power supply and demand, i.e., prediction results for demand (power consumption), from the prediction unit 31. The prediction unit 31 uses the actual values received from the central unit 1 to predict demand at each base and the amount of power generated by renewable energy (renewable energy power generation amount), and transmits the prediction results to the central unit 1. Any prediction method may be used in the prediction unit 31; for example, the predicted value may be the average of actual values of demand for each time period on the same day of the week in the same season in the past, or the temperature may be obtained along with the actual values and the demand may be predicted using the forecast value of the temperature. Furthermore, when predicting the amount of renewable energy power generation, the prediction device 31 may use the average value of the amount of power generation for each time period in the past as the predicted value, or may obtain the actual value along with forecast values for solar radiation and weather, and predict the amount of power generation using the forecast values for solar radiation and weather. The prediction method used by the prediction device 31 is not limited to these examples.

In addition, while FIG. 2 shows a prediction device 31 provided separately from the central device 1, the central device 1 may also have the functions of the prediction device 31. That is, the central device 1 may have a prediction unit that predicts power supply and demand. In addition, in FIG. 2, the prediction device 31 obtains actual values from the base devices 2-1 to 2-M, but this is not limited to this; actual values may also be obtained directly from the base devices 2-1 to 2-M. In addition, in FIG. 2, the prediction device 31 predicts power supply and demand for all bases 3, but a prediction device 31 may be provided for each base 3, and the prediction device 31 may predict the power supply and demand for the corresponding base 3 and transmit the prediction results to the central device 1. In this case, the base device 2 may also have the functions of the prediction device 31.

The central device 1 uses the power supply and demand forecast results received from the forecasting device 31 and the facility information received from the base devices 2-1 to 2-M to create a supply and demand plan for each base 3 that achieves the consumer's renewable energy ratio target while reducing the costs borne by the consumer by managing the power resource separately as renewable energy and non-renewable energy, and transmits the created supply and demand plan to the plan submission support device 33. Based on the supply and demand plan received from the central device 1, the plan submission support device 33 creates a supply and demand plan to be submitted to a cross-regional organization (Organization for Cross-regional Coordination of Transmission Operators) that manages wide-area electricity across transmission and distribution areas, and transmits the created supply and demand plan to the cross-regional organization system 35. Note that, although the cross-regional organization system 35 is the destination to which the supply and demand plan is submitted here, the destination to which the supply and demand plan is submitted is not limited to the cross-regional organization system 35.

The central device 1 also uses the created supply and demand plan to create an electricity trading plan, which is a plan for sales and procurement in the electricity trading market, and transmits the created electricity trading plan to the trading support device 32. The trading support device 32 performs bidding processing with the electricity market trading system 34 based on the trading plan received from the central device 1. The electricity market trading system 34 is a system that conducts transactions on, for example, the Japan Electric Power Exchange (JEPX), accepts bids, and performs contract processing based on the bids. The market in which electricity is traded is not limited to the JEPX. The trading support device 32 may also support bilateral electricity transactions.

In addition, an environmental value procurement plan may be created using the created supply and demand plan, and the created environmental value procurement plan may be transmitted to an environmental value trading support system (not shown). The environmental value trading support system conducts transactions with an environmental value market system (not shown) that processes environmental value transactions. The environmental value trading support system may also support bilateral transactions of environmental values.

Note that the configuration shown in Figure 2 is an example, and the power system of this embodiment may not include one or more of the prediction device 31, transaction support device 32, and plan submission support device 33 shown in Figure 2.

As shown in Figure 2, the central device 1 includes a transmitter/receiver 11, an information storage unit 12, a plan creation unit 13, a plan storage unit 14, a command generation unit 15, and a sorting unit 16.

The transmitter/receiver 11 communicates with other devices. For example, the transmitter/receiver 11 receives actual performance values from the base devices 2-2 to 2-M, stores the received actual performance values in the information storage unit 12, and transmits them to the prediction device 31. The transmitter/receiver 11 also receives equipment information from the base devices 2-2 to 2-M and stores the received equipment information in the information storage unit 12. The transmitter/receiver 11 also receives prediction results for power supply and demand from the prediction device 31 and stores the received prediction results in the information storage unit 12. The transmitter/receiver 11 also transmits control command values received from the command generation unit 15 to the corresponding base device 2. The transmitter/receiver 11 also transmits the supply and demand plan stored in the plan storage unit 14 to the plan submission support device 33 and transmits the trading plan stored in the plan storage unit 14 to the trading support device 32. The transmitter/receiver 11 also transmits the sorting results stored in the information storage unit 12 to the corresponding base device 2.

The information storage unit 12 stores the facility information received from the transmitter/receiver unit 11, the results of power supply and demand forecasts, and the like. The information storage unit 12 also stores various information, described below, used to create a supply and demand plan. The plan creation unit 13 uses the target value for the renewable energy ratio, the predicted value for power demand, the predicted value for renewable energy power generation, and the renewable energy ratio for each source of supplied power to create a power supply and demand plan by dividing the supplied power and consumed power into renewable energy and non-renewable energy sources and determining these variables so as to meet the target values. In detail, the plan creation unit 13 uses the information stored in the information storage unit 12 to create a supply and demand plan for each base 3 that achieves the consumer's renewable energy ratio target while reducing the costs borne by the consumer by managing the power source separately as renewable energy and non-renewable energy. The created supply and demand plan is then stored in the plan storage unit 14. Details of how the supply and demand plan is created will be described later. The supply and demand plan includes an electricity sales plan, an electricity procurement plan, an environmental value procurement plan, an electricity trading plan, an electricity interchange plan, a power generation plan, a charge and discharge plan for the electricity storage facility 7, etc. The plan creation unit 13 also creates an electricity trading plan using the supply and demand plan, and stores the created electricity trading plan in the plan storage unit 13.

The command generation unit 15 generates control command values for controlling the equipment (facilities) at each base station 3 based on the supply and demand plan stored in the plan memory unit 14, and outputs the generated control command values to the transmitter/receiver unit 11. The control command values include, for example, at least one of a command value for controlling the charging and discharging of the power storage equipment 7, a command value for the power generation amount of the non-renewable energy power generation equipment 5, and a command value for the power generation amount (output suppression) of the renewable energy power generation equipment 4.

The sorting unit 16 uses the actual values stored in the information storage unit 12 to sort the actual values into renewable energy and non-renewable energy, and stores the sorting results in the information storage unit 12 for each base 3.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. Figure 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the supply and demand plan creation processing procedure in the central device 1 of this embodiment. First, the operation will be described when the creation target period, which is the period for creating the supply and demand plan, is the same as the target setting period, which is the period for setting the target value for the renewable energy ratio to the electricity consumed by consumers. For example, this corresponds to a case where a target value for the renewable energy ratio for one year is set and a supply and demand plan for one year is created, or a case where a target value for the renewable energy ratio for one week is set and a supply and demand plan for one week is created.

As shown in FIG. 3, the central unit 1 determines whether it is time to create a plan (step S1). For example, the central unit 1 may determine that it is time to create a plan when an input means (not shown) receives a plan creation instruction from an operator or the like. Alternatively, a supply and demand plan may be created every fixed period, such as one day, one week, one month, or one year, and the central unit 1 may determine that it is time to create a plan each time the fixed period has passed. If it is not time to create a plan (step S1 No), the central unit 1 proceeds to step S5, described below.

If it is time to create a plan (Step S1: Yes), the central device 1 acquires input information (Step S2). The input information is information used to calculate the objective function and set constraints, which will be described later, and includes forecast results of power supply and demand corresponding to the target period for which the supply and demand plan is to be created, facility information, etc. In Step S2, more specifically, the plan creation unit 13 acquires the input information by reading it from the information storage unit 12.

Next, the central device 1 creates a supply and demand plan (step S3). In detail, the plan creation unit 13 creates a supply and demand plan by determining each variable related to electricity so as to minimize an objective function indicating the consumer's costs or to keep the objective function below a threshold, under constraints including the achievement of the consumer's target renewable energy ratio, and stores the created supply and demand plan in the plan memory unit 14. The objective function and constraints will be described later. The plan creation unit 13 extracts the electricity trading plan and environmental value procurement plan included in the supply and demand plan, creates an electricity trading plan and an environmental value procurement plan, and stores them in the plan creation unit 13.

Next, the central device 1 transmits the supply and demand plan (step S4). In detail, the transmitter/receiver 11 transmits the supply and demand plan for each base 3, among the supply and demand plans stored in the plan memory unit 14, to the corresponding base device 2. The transmitter/receiver 11 also transmits the supply and demand plan to the plan submission support device 33 and transmits the energy trading plan to the trading support device 32.

Next, the central unit 1 determines whether it is time to send a control command (step S5). For example, the central unit 1 transmits control commands to control the equipment (facility) at each base 3 at a predetermined command transmission cycle, and the central unit 1 determines that it is time to send a control command each time the time corresponding to the predetermined command transmission cycle has elapsed. If it is not time to send a control command (step S5: No), the central unit 1 repeats the process from step S1.

If it is time to send a control command (step S5: Yes), the central device 1 calculates control command values for each device (facility) at each base 3 based on the supply and demand plan (step S6). In detail, the command generation unit 15 generates control command values for each device (facility) at each base 3 based on the supply and demand plan stored in the plan memory unit 14, and outputs the generated control command values to the transmission/reception unit 11.

Next, the central device 1 transmits the control command value (step S7) and repeats the process from step S1. In step S7, more specifically, the transmitter/receiver 11 transmits the control command value to the corresponding base device 2. Through the above process, a supply and demand plan is created.

Figure 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the sorting process of this embodiment. The central device 1 determines whether or not the performance values of each device at each base 3 have been acquired (step S11). In detail, the sorting unit 16 determines whether or not the performance values of each device at each base 3 for the sorting period have been stored in the information storage unit 12.

If the actual values for each device at each base 3 have not been obtained (step S11: No), the central unit 1 repeats step S11. If the actual values for each device at each base 3 have been obtained (step S11: Yes), the central unit 1 sorts the energy into renewable energy and non-renewable energy (step S12) and stores the sorting results (step S13). In detail, the sorting unit 16 sorts the electricity used to meet consumer demand into renewable energy and non-renewable energy using actual values such as the amount of power generated by each power generation facility and the amount of electricity purchased, which are stored in the information storage unit 12, and stores the sorting results for each base 3 in the information storage unit 12.

The central unit 1 determines whether it is time to send the sorting results (step S14), and if it is not time to send the sorting results (step S14 No), repeats the process from step S11. For example, the central unit 1 sends the sorting results corresponding to each base 3 at a predetermined sorting result transmission cycle, and the central unit 1 determines that it is time to send the sorting results each time the time corresponding to the predetermined sorting result transmission cycle has elapsed. Alternatively, the central unit 1 may determine that it is time to send the sorting results when instructed by an operator or the like.

If it is time to send the sorting results (Yes in step S14), the central device 1 sends the sorting results (step S15) and repeats the process from step S11. Specifically, in step S15, the transmitter/receiver 11 sends the sorting results stored in the information storage unit 12 to the corresponding base device 2.

Next, the details of step S3 mentioned above will be explained. Figure 5 is a diagram showing a model of power exchange at a base 3 in this embodiment. Figure 5 shows an example in which a power generation facility, a power storage facility 7, and a load 6 are installed at one base 3. In Figure 5, the dashed-dotted line indicates a mix of renewable energy (electricity generated by renewable energy) and non-renewable energy (electricity generated by non-renewable energy), the solid arrow indicates non-renewable energy, and the dashed line indicates renewable energy. As shown in Figure 5, the power supplied to a consumer's base 3 includes at least one of power generated by the consumer's power generation facility, power discharged from the consumer's power storage facility 7, and purchased power. Furthermore, the power consumed by the consumer includes at least one of power consumed by the consumer's load 6 and power charging the consumer's power storage facility 7.

The power generation facility shown in FIG. 5 is, for example, either a renewable energy power generation facility 4 or a non-renewable energy power generation facility 5, but is not limited to this and may be a power generation facility that generates electricity from both renewable and non-renewable energy sources. The power generation amount Pgen is the total power generated by one power generation facility. α is the renewable energy ratio for each power generation facility, Pgen(RE) is the amount of power generated by renewable energy within Pgen, and Pgen(NRE) is the amount of power generated by non-renewable energy within Pgen. At base 3 where multiple power generation facilities are installed, Pgen and α are determined for each power generation facility. Also, for example, if the power generation facility is a renewable energy power generation facility 4 that generates electricity only from renewable energy, α is 1, and if the power generation facility is a non-renewable energy power generation facility 5 that generates electricity only from non-renewable energy, α is 0. However, α may be any value between 0 and 1, and is determined according to the renewable energy ratio of the power generation facility.

Pbuy is the amount of electricity purchased from a retail electricity supplier, etc. β is the renewable energy ratio in Pbuy. For example, the value provided by the electricity seller can be used as β. Pbuy (RE) is the amount of electricity generated by renewable energy within Pbuy, and Pbuy (NRE) is the amount of electricity generated by non-renewable energy within Pbuy.

Pchr(RE) is the renewable energy portion of the amount of energy charged to the storage equipment 7, and Pchr(NRE) is the non-renewable energy portion of the amount of energy charged to the storage equipment 7. Pdis(RE) is the renewable energy portion of the amount of energy discharged from the storage equipment 7, and Pdis(NRE) is the non-renewable energy portion of the amount of energy discharged from the storage equipment 7. Note that since the storage equipment 7 is charged with a mixture of renewable and non-renewable energy, the renewable energy ratio of the amount of energy charged to the storage equipment 7 cannot be determined even when considering the storage equipment 7 alone. However, as shown in Figure 5, by managing all of the electricity resources used to charge the storage equipment 7 separately as renewable energy and non-renewable energy, the amount of energy charged can be managed separately as renewable energy and non-renewable energy. The amount of electricity stored in the power storage facility 7 is then divided into renewable energy and non-renewable energy, and managed as an integrated total of the amount of electricity discharged in each time period, thereby determining the renewable energy ratio of the amount of electricity stored in the power storage facility 7. This also makes it possible to manage the renewable energy ratio of the amount of electricity discharged when the power storage facility 7 is discharged.

L is the amount of electricity consumed by load 6, L(RE) is the renewable energy portion of L, and L(NRE) is the non-renewable energy portion of L. As with charging the storage battery equipment 7, the ratio of renewable and non-renewable energy for load 6 alone cannot be determined, but by managing all electricity resources separately as renewable and non-renewable energy, the renewable energy ratio of L can be managed.

Psur (RE) is the amount of electricity to be reversed, i.e., the renewable energy portion of the amount of electricity sold to retail electricity suppliers, etc., and Psur (NRE) is the non-renewable energy portion of the amount of electricity to be reversed. The ratio between Psur (RE) and Psur (NRE) can also be determined by managing the source of electricity.

Pout(RE) is the renewable energy portion of the amount of interchange power transmitted to other bases 3 for interchange, and Pout(NRE) is the non-renewable energy portion of the amount of interchange power transmitted to other bases 3 for interchange. Pin(RE) is the renewable energy portion of the amount of interchange power received by being interchanged from other bases 3, and Pin(NRE) is the non-renewable energy portion of the amount of interchange power received by being interchanged from other bases 3. The ratio between Pout(RE) and Pout(NRE) can also be determined by managing the source of power. The ratio between Pin(RE) and Pin(NRE) can also be determined by managing the source of power from the interchange source.

In the model shown in Figure 5, power generation equipment and power storage equipment 7 are installed at base 3, but the equipment installed at base 3 is not limited. A common model can be applied by setting the amount of electricity for equipment that is not installed at each base 3 to 0, depending on the power generation equipment installed at each base 3.

Figure 6 is a diagram showing a model of the exchange of power between bases 3 under management in this embodiment. The power generation equipment shown on the left side of Figure 6 is modeled as one power generation equipment per base 3, with bases #1 to #M, i.e., bases 3-1 to 3-M. In the example shown in Figure 6, of bases 3-1 to 3-M, bases 3-1 to 3-K belong to power transmission and distribution area A1, and of bases 3-1 to 3-M, bases 3-P (P = K + 1) to 3-M belong to power transmission and distribution area A2. Also, in Figure 6, as in Figure 5, the dashed-dotted line indicates a mix of renewable energy and non-renewable energy, the solid arrow indicates non-renewable energy, and the dashed line indicates renewable energy.

When power is exchanged between bases 3, as shown in Figure 6, electricity generated by the power generation equipment of one base 3 (Pout(RE) and Pout(NRE)) to be exchanged with another base 3 is transmitted to the destination base 3 (listed on the far right) via the power generation BG (Balancing Group) to which the base 3 belongs and the retail BG to which the base 3 belongs, and is consumed by the load 6 at the destination base 3. While Figure 6 illustrates the load 6, at bases 3 equipped with energy storage equipment 7, the electricity is also used to charge the energy storage equipment 7. Pout(RE) and Pout(NRE) are transported to base 3 via the transmission and distribution network operated by the operator of the power generation BG and the transmission and distribution network operated by the operator of the retail BG. However, losses occur between the generation end and the transmission end of Pout(RE) and Pout(NRE). This loss is referred to as loss rate #1. Similarly, losses occur between the sending end and the receiving end. This loss is designated as loss rate #2. In Figure 6, the renewable energy portion of the amount of electricity sent from the power generation BG to the retail BG is designated as Pop (RE), and the non-renewable energy portion of the amount of electricity sent from the power generation BG to the retail BG is designated as Pop (NRE).

In the example shown in Figure 6, bases 3-1 to 3-M are distributed across multiple transmission and distribution areas, so the exchange of electricity between the transmission and distribution areas is subject to market trading. In other words, the amount of electricity between the transmission and distribution areas is procured and sold through transactions in the electricity trading market. Furthermore, the exchange of electricity within the same transmission and distribution area may also be procured and sold through transactions in the electricity trading market. Furthermore, both the exchange of electricity between transmission and distribution areas and the exchange of electricity within the same transmission and distribution area may not be subject to trading in the electricity trading market.

Furthermore, because the interconnection points of bases 3-1 to 3-M are both power generation and power receiving ends, Figure 6 also includes a combination in which the power generation equipment on the left and the load 6 on the right are located within the same base 3, but exchanges within the same base 3 are not treated as power interchange. Note that while Figure 6 shows an example in which base 3 belongs to both the power generation BG and the retail BG, base 3 does not have to belong to either the power generation BG or the retail BG.

An example of a method for creating a supply and demand plan in the plan creation unit 13 will be explained using the model illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. The cost incurred by consumers at base 3-I, which is the I-th base 3, can be expressed by the following formula (1). Note that formulas (1), (3) to (15), and (20) below are constraint formulas for each base, but in some formulas, the letter i indicating the base is omitted.

Note that the time (date and time) discretized into each unit time is t, the start of the target period for creation is t = 1, and the end of the target period for creation is t = end. The subscript t indicates the value at t. NG _I is the number of power generation facilities at the I-th base 3, and Pgent _t,p indicates the power generation amount of the p-th power generation facility at t. Pin_ifromJ(RE) _t is the renewable energy portion of the power interchange amount from the J-th (I ≠ J)-th base 3 that the I-th base 3 receives power from at t, and Pin_ifromJ(NRE) _t is the non-renewable energy portion of the power interchange amount from the J-th base 3 that the I-th base 3 receives power from at t, where J ranges from A to C. In addition, the wheeling fee at t is wheeling fee _t .

λ(RE) _t is the unit price of renewable energy power interchange at t, and λ(NRE) _t is the unit price of non-renewable energy power interchange at t. Pout_kfromI(RE) _t is the renewable energy portion of the amount of power interchange from the I-th base 3 to the k-th base 3 at t, and Pout_kfromI(NRE) _t is the non-renewable energy portion of the amount of power interchange from the I-th base 3 to the k-th base 3 at t (I ≠ k), where k ranges from a to c. Furthermore, the surplus imbalance unit price _t is the unit price of the surplus imbalance fee obtained by selling surplus power at t, and Psur _t is the sum of the renewable energy portion and non-renewable energy portion of the surplus power amount (reverse power amount) at t. The non-fossil certificate unit price is the unit price of the certificate when purchasing environmental value as a certificate, and the CER is the amount of electricity that can obtain environmental value through the certificate. The electricity price _t is the unit price of the electricity purchased at time t.

Formula (1) represents the cost related to one base 3. If the cost shown in formula (1) is CP _I , then the cost for the consumer is calculated by adding ΣCP _I , which is the sum of CP _I from I=1 to I=M, to the cost incurred by the operation of all bases 3 shown in formula (2) below. The plan creation unit 13 calculates each variable that minimizes the objective function, based on the constraints described below, by adding ΣCP _I and the operation cost (cost required for operating the power interchange) shown in formula (2) below. Note that, while an example is shown in which a JEPX fee is required as a transaction fee in the energy trading market, the energy trading market is not limited to JEPX, and any fee from the energy trading market may be used. The settlement amount for the difference λ between the consignment source and the consignment destination is calculated by adding the value shown in formula (15) and the value shown in formula (16) described below. In the case of power interchange, the cost is borne by the consignment destination, but the unit price for power interchange is set lower than the unit price paid to the consignment source, and this difference becomes the profit of the operator who manages the power interchange. Therefore, the value obtained by subtracting the unit price of the consignment destination from the unit price of the consignment source (a negative value) is added as the difference.

The plan creation unit 13 calculates each variable that minimizes the objective function under the constraint conditions shown in equations (3) to (14) described below. Equations (3) to (12) represent constraint equations for each base 3, and equations (13) and (14) represent constraint equations for all consumers. NG in equations (3) to (12) is the above-mentioned NG _I. A general solution method for optimization problems can be used as a method for calculating each variable that minimizes the above-mentioned objective function, but any method may be used. For example, the steepest descent method, Newton's method, metaheuristics, etc. can be used, but are not limited to these.

Equation (3) below shows the constraints on the supply and demand balance of renewable energy.

Equation (4) below shows the constraints on the supply and demand balance of non-renewable energy.

The following equation (5) shows the constraint on the overall supply and demand balance. Regarding equations (3) to (5) above, equations (3) and (4) above may be used as the constraint equations, or equations (3) and (5) above may be used as the constraint equations, or equations (4) and (5) above may be used as the constraint equations.

The following equation (6) shows the surplus power.

The following equation (7) shows the constraints on carbon dioxide emissions and is applied when a consumer sets a target value for carbon dioxide emissions. CO2goal is the consumer's target value for carbon dioxide emissions. Emission factor #1 is the carbon dioxide emission factor corresponding to the purchased electricity and is set for each purchasing retail electricity supplier. Emission factor #2 is set according to the fuel, and emission factor #3 is the carbon dioxide emission factor corresponding to the CER and is set according to the system corresponding to the certificate. Emission factor #2 varies depending on the fuel.

The following equation (8) is a constraint on the consumer's target value of the renewable energy ratio, and is a constraint equation applied to achieve the consumer's target value of the renewable energy ratio. γ is the consumer's target value of the renewable energy ratio. Here, the target value of the renewable energy ratio is met for each base 3, but depending on the method for setting the consumer's target, the constraint equation may be set so that the total of all bases 3 meets the target value of the renewable energy ratio. Note that L(RE) _t + L(NRE) _t is a fixed value determined by the demand forecast results.

The following equation (9) shows the constraint on carbon dioxide emissions per unit time.

The following equation (10) shows the constraint on the renewable energy ratio per unit time.

The following formula (11) shows a constraint on the SOC of the power storage facility 7. SOC(RE) _t shows the SOC of the renewable energy portion at t, and SOC(NRE) _t shows the SOC of the non-renewable energy portion at t. In this embodiment, the SOC is divided into the renewable energy portion and the non-renewable energy portion according to the ratio of the power resource at each base 3, and therefore the SOC is also managed separately into the renewable energy portion and the non-renewable energy portion.

The following equation (12) shows the constraints on the charging and discharging power of the power storage facility 7.

The following formula (13) represents the SOC constraint of the power storage facility 7 at the end of the target creation period. SOC(RE) _const and SOC(NRE) _const are predetermined values. Note that the initial values of SOC(RE) and SOC(NRE), i.e., the values at t=1, may be set to, for example, SOC(RE) _const and SOC(NRE) _const , or may be set to different values based on information acquired from the base devices 2 at each base 3.

Note that instead of SOC(RE) _const and SOC(NRE) _const , the total SOC _const of renewable energy and non-renewable energy may be determined in advance, and the following equation (14) may be used as a constraint equation instead of equation (13).

The following formula (15) shows constraints on the power generation capacity of each generator. Furthermore, with regard to the renewable energy power generation facility 4, the predicted value of the renewable energy power generation amount may be treated as a fixed value, or may be treated as a variable with the predicted value of the renewable energy power generation amount as the upper limit in consideration of output suppression. In this case, the minimum power generation power _{t and p} in the following formula (15) are 0, and the maximum power generation power _{t and p} are the predicted values of the renewable energy power generation amount.

The following equation (16) shows the constraints on the supply and demand balance for renewable energy, taking into account the power interchange between bases 3.

The following equation (17) shows the constraints on the supply and demand balance for non-renewable energy, taking into account the power interchange between bases 3.

As mentioned above, the following equations (18) and (19) show the settlement amount of the difference between λ at the consignment source and the consignment destination, separated into the renewable energy portion and the non-renewable energy portion.

The following equation (20) is the constraint equation for the balance between the source and destination of the transfer (for each base 3).

A supply and demand plan can be created by determining the variables Pgent _,p , Pin_ifromJ(RE), _{Pin_ifromJ} (NRE), _{Pout_kfromI} (NRE), Pout_kfromI(RE), _L (RE), L( _NRE ), _Pbuy (RE), _Pbuy (NRE), _Pchr (RE), Pchr( _NRE ), _Pdis (RE), _Pdis (NRE), _SOC (RE), SOC(NRE _{), and CER that} minimize the objective function under the constraint equations described above. Other variables, such as the various unit prices and SOC(NRE) _const used in the constraint equations, are stored in advance as input information in the information storage unit 12. These pieces of information may be transmitted from the base device 2, may be input to the central device 1 by an operator, or may be transmitted from another device (not shown) and received by the central device 1 and stored in the information storage unit 12. Note that the demand forecast result is used as _Lt = L(RE) _t + L(NRE) _t , and this forecast result is also stored in the information storage unit 12 as part of the input information as described above. Furthermore, the forecast value of the amount of renewable energy power generation may be treated as a fixed value and used as input information, as described above, or may be treated as a variable with the forecast value of the amount of renewable energy power generation as the upper limit, taking output suppression into consideration, as described above.

In the above example, four constraint equations, equations (7) to (10), are considered regarding the renewable energy ratio and carbon dioxide emissions, but not all of these constraint equations need to be used; one or more of the four can be used depending on the goals of each base. Furthermore, in the above constraint equations, a renewable energy ratio γ is set for each base 3, but if it is sufficient to satisfy the renewable energy ratio γ overall, a constraint equation that satisfies the renewable energy ratio γ overall is used instead of the constraint equation for each base 3.

Furthermore, with regard to power interchange between bases, if there are constraints for each base, or constraints for each combination of the interchange source and the interchange destination, these constraints are also taken into account as constraint equations. Furthermore, constraints on power interchange on a group basis consisting of multiple bases 3 may also be taken into account. For example, since constraints on interconnection lines between power transmission and distribution areas may arise, bases 3 in the same power transmission and distribution area may be grouped together, and constraint equations may be determined for each group.

As described above, the central device 1 in this embodiment manages multiple consumer bases, and the plan creation unit 13 creates a supply and demand plan that includes the amount of power to be exchanged between the supply and demand planning bases 3. The plan creation unit 13 also determines the amount of power to be exchanged by dividing it into renewable energy and non-renewable energy. The plan creation unit 13 also creates a supply and demand plan so that the sum of the costs at the multiple bases 3 and the costs required for power exchange is below a threshold value.

Next, we will explain an example in which the target period for the renewable energy ratio differs from the period for which the supply and demand plan is created. The target period for the renewable energy ratio may be longer than the period for which the supply and demand plan is created. Consider a case in which the target period for the renewable energy ratio is one year, but the supply and demand plan is created every week. While the target period and the period for which the plan is created are not limited to this example, we will explain below an example in which the target period for the renewable energy ratio is one year, but the supply and demand plan is created every week. In this case, the target value for the renewable energy ratio for each week is first set based on the target value for the one-year renewable energy ratio. A supply and demand plan may be created using the initial target value, but the planned value and the actual value may not match, and the amount of power generation may change due to changes in the equipment at each base 3, etc. For this reason, the target value for the renewable energy ratio for each week may be updated based on the actual value, as described below.

Figure 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the supply and demand plan creation processing procedure when the target value in the central device 1 of this embodiment is updated. First, the central device 1 sets a weekly target value (step S21). In detail, the plan creation unit 13 sets the initial weekly target value, which is the target value for the renewable energy ratio for each week, for one year based on the target value for the renewable energy ratio for the year. At this time, if the start day of the week for the weekly supply and demand plan is specified, the creation period is adjusted so that a weekly supply and demand plan starting on the specified day of the week is created for weeks that straddle fiscal years.

8 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for setting the initial value of the weekly target value in this embodiment. The plan creation unit 13 of the central device 1 first sets the target value of the renewable energy ratio to 0 (step S31) and calculates the renewable energy ratio for each week (step S32). Specifically, γ in equation (9) is set to 0, and as described above, a supply and demand plan for each week for one year is obtained so as to minimize the objective function under the constraint conditions. Based on the obtained supply and demand plan, the renewable energy ratio for each week, i.e., the value obtained by dividing the left side of equation (7) by the sum of _Lt for one week, is calculated. Hereinafter, the renewable energy ratio is expressed as a percentage.

Next, the plan creation unit 13 calculates the annual renewable energy ratio X (%) (step S33). Specifically, the annual renewable energy ratio X (%) is calculated by dividing the total renewable energy ratio for each week for the year by the number of weeks in the year.

Next, the plan creation unit 13 calculates Pi (%), which is a value obtained by subtracting the calculated renewable energy ratio X (%) from the original renewable energy ratio target value R (%) and adding the resulting value _Y (%) to the renewable energy ratio for each week (step S34). In detail, the plan creation unit 13 calculates Y (%) by subtracting X (%) calculated in step S33 from R (%), which is the original annual renewable energy ratio target value, and adds the calculated Y (%) to the renewable energy ratio for each week calculated in step S32, thereby calculating _Pi (%) corresponding to the i-th week.

Next, the plan creation unit 13 determines whether there is a week in which P _i (%) exceeds 100 (%) (step S35). If there is no week in which _{P i} (%) exceeds 100 (%) (step S35 No), the plan creation unit 13 sets the renewable energy ratio target value for each week to P _i (%) (step S38) and ends the process.

If there is a week in which P _i (%) exceeds 100(%) (Yes in step S35), the plan creation unit 13 changes P _i (%) for the week in which P _i (%) > 100(%) to 100(%) (step S36). Next, the plan creation unit 13 updates P _i (%) for the other weeks to P _i (%) + Z(%) (step S37) and repeats the process from step S35. More specifically, in step S35, the plan creation unit 13 adds Z(%), which is the distribution ratio of the excess amount exceeding P _i (%) for the week in which _{P i (} %) ≦ 100(%). This excess amount is the sum of the values obtained by multiplying the corresponding demand amount by P _i (%) - 100(%) for the week in which P i (%) > 100(%). Z (%) is the ratio obtained by dividing the excess amount by the total amount of demand for the weeks in which P _i (%)≦100(%), expressed as a percentage.

By performing the above processing, the target renewable energy ratio for each week can be determined to be a value of 100% or less. In the example above, the ratio was allocated to each week so that the ratio was equal, but it is also possible to multiply the total demand for one year by the renewable energy ratio to determine the target amount of electricity to be covered by renewable energy for one year, and then divide the target amount equally among each week. Similarly, in the allocation in step S37, the amount of electricity may be divided equally rather than allocated by ratio.

Returning to the explanation of Figure 7, after step S21, step S1 is executed in the same manner as in the example shown in Figure 3, and if step S1 returns Yes, the plan creation unit 13 of the central device 1 determines whether it is week 53 (step S22). A year is divided into periods for which supply and demand plans are created, and although the final week is less than one week, the final week is week 53 because the periods are divided so that they start on the same day of the week. For this reason, step S22 determines whether it is the final week of the target setting period.

If it is 53 weeks (step S22: Yes), the central device 1 proceeds to step S5. If it is not 53 weeks (step S22: No), steps S2 to S4 are performed as in the example shown in Figure 3. After step S4, the central device 1 calculates the target value for the next week (step S23) and performs the processing from step S5 onwards. Steps S5 to S7 are the same as in the example shown in Figure 3.

Figure 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the process for setting target values for the next week, which is the process of step S23 in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 9, the plan creation unit 13 calculates the difference between the renewable energy actual value and the planned value up to week (W-1) (step S41). Week (W-1) is the most recent week for which the central unit 1 has been able to obtain actual values. In other words, it is assumed that the central unit 1 has been able to obtain actual values up to week (W-1) of the target setting period. The renewable energy actual value is, for example, the ratio of the actual value of the amount of renewable energy generated (including the renewable portion of the amount of electricity purchased and discharged) to the amount of demand up to week (W-1) of the target setting period. The planned value is, for example, the ratio of the planned value of the amount of renewable energy generated (including the renewable portion of the amount of electricity purchased and discharged) to the planned value of the amount of demand up to week (W-1).

The plan creation unit 13 determines whether the difference between the renewable energy actual value and the planned value up to the (W-1)th week is equal to or greater than a threshold value (step S42). Here, if the renewable energy actual value exceeds the planned value, a No determination is made in step S42. However, even if the renewable energy actual value exceeds the planned value, if the difference between the renewable energy actual value and the planned value is equal to or greater than a threshold value, a Yes determination may be made in step S42. If the renewable energy actual value exceeds the planned value, the ratio by which the difference is distributed in step S44, described below, will be a negative value.

If the difference between the actual renewable energy value and the planned value up to the (W-1)th week is not equal to or greater than the threshold value (No in step S42), the plan creation unit 13 determines whether there has been a change in the predicted value of the power generation amount (step S43). For example, if there has been new installation, removal, or modification of power generation equipment at bases 3-1 to 3-M, or if the prediction device 31 also predicts the amount of renewable energy power generation, the plan creation unit 13 determines that there has been a change in the predicted value of the power generation amount if there has been a change in the predicted value for the next week or later that is equal to or greater than the threshold value.

If there is a change in the predicted value of the power generation amount (Yes in step S43), the plan creation unit 13 calculates Q _i (%), which is a value obtained by adding the ratio of the allocated difference to the renewable energy ratio target value for each week (step S44). In detail, the plan creation unit 13 calculates the amount of power equivalent to the difference between the actual renewable energy value and the planned value up to the (W-1)th week, and divides the calculated amount of power by the total amount of demand from week W onwards to calculate the ratio of the allocated difference. Then, the plan creation unit 13 calculates Q _i (%) by adding the ratio of the allocated difference to the renewable energy ratio target value for each week.

Steps S45 to S48 are similar to steps S35 to S38 shown in FIG. 8 in that they correct the target value for the week when the target value exceeds 100(%), and are the same process as steps S35 to S38 shown in FIG. 8 except that P _i (%) is replaced with Q _i (%) and Z (%) is replaced with V (%).

If the answer is Yes in step S42, the plan creation unit 13 proceeds to step S44. If the answer is No in step S43, the plan creation unit 13 terminates the process. In this case, the target value for the renewable energy ratio for the next week is not changed.

As described above, the plan creation unit 13 creates a supply and demand plan for each target creation period, which is a period into which the target setting period is divided, and sets a period target value, which is the target value for the renewable energy ratio for each target creation period, based on the target value. The plan creation unit 13 then uses the actual value of the renewable energy ratio for the target setting period to reset the period target value for periods after the period for which the actual value has been obtained, and creates a supply and demand plan using the reset period target value. In this way, by sequentially changing the target value for the renewable energy ratio for each week to reflect the actual value, the target value for the renewable energy ratio for the target setting period can be achieved even if a difference occurs between the planned value and the actual value.

Next, the hardware configuration of the central device 1 of this embodiment will be described. The central device 1 of this embodiment functions as the central device 1 by executing a computer program on the computer system, which is a computer program that describes the processing to be performed by the central device 1. Figure 10 is a diagram showing an example configuration of a computer system that realizes the central device 1 of this embodiment. As shown in Figure 10, this computer system includes a control unit 101, an input unit 102, a memory unit 103, a display unit 104, a communication unit 105, and an output unit 106, which are connected via a system bus 107.

In FIG. 10, the control unit 101 is a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and executes a program describing the processing in the central device 1 of this embodiment. The input unit 102 is composed of, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, etc., and is used by the user of the computer system to input various information. The memory unit 103 includes various types of memory such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory) and a storage device such as a hard disk, and stores programs to be executed by the control unit 101, necessary data obtained during processing, etc. The memory unit 103 is also used as a temporary storage area for programs. The display unit 104 is composed of a display, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display Panel), etc., and displays various screens to the user of the computer system. The communication unit 105 is a receiver and transmitter that performs communication processing. The output unit 106 is a printer, etc. Note that FIG. 10 is an example, and the configuration of the computer system is not limited to the example in FIG. 10.

Here, we will explain an example of the operation of the computer system until the program of this embodiment is ready to be executed. In a computer system configured as described above, for example, a computer program is installed into the storage unit 103 from a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM inserted in a CD (Compact Disc)-ROM drive or DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)-ROM drive (not shown). When the program is executed, the program is read from the storage unit 103 and stored in the main storage area of the storage unit 103. In this state, the control unit 101 executes processing as the central device 1 of this embodiment in accordance with the program stored in the storage unit 103.

In the above explanation, the program describing the processing in the central device 1 is provided on a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM as a recording medium. However, this is not limiting. Depending on the configuration of the computer system and the capacity of the program provided, for example, a program provided via a transmission medium such as the Internet via the communication unit 105 may also be used.

The program of this embodiment causes a computer system to execute, for example, the steps of acquiring a predicted value of a consumer's electricity demand, and creating an electricity supply and demand plan by dividing the supplied electricity and the consumed electricity into renewable energy and non-renewable energy as variables using a target value for the ratio of renewable energy to the electricity consumed by the consumer, the predicted value, and the ratio of renewable energy for each source of electricity supplied, so as to meet the target value.

The plan creation unit 13, command generation unit 15, and sorting unit 16 shown in FIG. 2 are realized by the control unit 101 shown in FIG. 10 executing a computer program stored in the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10 is also used to realize the plan creation unit 13, command generation unit 15, and sorting unit 16 shown in FIG. 2. The information memory unit 12 and plan memory unit 14 shown in FIG. 2 are part of the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The transmission/reception unit 11 shown in FIG. 2 is realized by the communication unit 105 shown in FIG. 10. The central device 1 may also be realized by multiple computer systems. For example, the central device 1 may be realized by a cloud computer system.

Similarly, the base device 2 is realized by a computer system having the configuration illustrated in FIG. 10, for example. The equipment control unit 24 shown in FIG. 2 is realized by the control unit 101 shown in FIG. 10 executing a computer program stored in the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10 is also used to realize the equipment control unit 24 shown in FIG. 2. The equipment information memory unit 22 shown in FIG. 2 is part of the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The transmission/reception unit 21 and performance value acquisition unit 23 shown in FIG. 2 are realized by the communication unit 105 shown in FIG. 10. The prediction device 31, transaction support device 32, and plan submission support device 33 are also each realized by a computer system having the configuration illustrated in FIG. 10, for example.

As explained above, in this embodiment, a supply and demand plan is created that separates power generation and demand into renewable and non-renewable energy sources, so that the objective function representing the consumer's cost is below a threshold, under constraints including achieving the target renewable energy ratio. This makes it possible to create a supply and demand plan that can achieve the target renewable energy ratio.

Embodiment 2.
Next, a power management system according to a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically illustrating the relationship between bases 3 and an operator according to the second embodiment. In this embodiment, an example will be described in which each base 3 is, for example, a base for a different consumer, and a system operator (SO) that manages power interchange between the bases 3 exists separately from the consumers. As shown in FIG. 11 , in this embodiment, a plan such as a supply and demand plan is created at each base 3, and the amount and unit price of power interchange between the bases 3 are determined by bidding via the system operator. In this embodiment, a target value for the renewable energy ratio is set for each base 3.

Figure 12 is a diagram showing an example configuration of a central device and base devices in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 12, the power management system of this embodiment includes a central device 1a, a base device 2a-1, a prediction device 31, a transaction support device 32, and a plan submission support device 33. The central device 1a is operated and managed by a system operator. Note that while base devices 2a-2 to 2a-M are not shown in Figure 12, base devices 2a-1 to 2a-M are provided at bases 3-1 to 3-M, respectively, as in embodiment 1. The equipment provided at bases 3-1 to 3-M is the same as the example shown in Figure 1 of embodiment 1, except that base devices 2a-1 to 2a-M are provided instead of base devices 2-1 to 2-M. When referring to base devices 2a-1 to 2a-M without distinguishing them individually, they are referred to as base device 2a. In this embodiment, base device 2a is the power management device that creates supply and demand plans. Components with the same functions as in embodiment 1 are assigned the same reference numerals as in embodiment 1, and duplicate explanations will be omitted. Below, differences from embodiment 1 will be mainly explained.

As shown in FIG. 12, the base device 2a-1 includes an information storage unit 41, a plan creation unit 42, a plan storage unit 43, a sorting unit 44, an interchange power bidding unit 45, and a command generation unit 46 in addition to the base device 2 of embodiment 1.

In this embodiment, the transmitter/receiver 21 communicates with the central device 1a and also with the prediction device 31. The transmitter/receiver 21 receives prediction results for demand and renewable energy power generation within the base 3 from the prediction device 31 and stores the received prediction results for demand and renewable energy power generation in the information storage unit 41. Note that FIG. 12 shows an example in which the supply and demand plans created by the base devices 2a-1 to 2a-M are transmitted to the central device 1a, and the central device 1a then submits the integrated plan to the cross-regional organization via the plan submission support device 33; however, each base 3 may also submit a supply and demand plan to the cross-regional organization via the plan submission support device 33.

The information storage unit 41 stores facility information for the base 3, as well as various unit prices and other information that serve as input information for calculating the objective function and setting constraint conditions, as described in embodiment 1. The information storage unit 41 also stores the performance values acquired by the performance value acquisition unit 23.

The plan creation unit 42 uses equation (1) described in embodiment 1 as the objective function and equations (3) to (12) described in embodiment 1 as constraints to solve an optimization problem in the same manner as in embodiment 1, thereby determining each variable so as to minimize the objective function or make the objective function equal to or less than a threshold value. The power interchange unit price is set, for example, based on the power generation unit price, and the determined value is used as an input to determine the supply and demand plan. The power interchange unit price can be, for example, a value obtained by adding a margin to the power generation unit price, but is not limited to this. The difference between the power generation in the supply and demand plan, the upper limit of the power generation power of the power generation facility, and the power generation in the supply and demand plan is the surplus, and this surplus can be used as the power interchange amount. If a shortage occurs in the supply and demand plan, the shortage can be used as the power interchange amount. The power interchange unit price and the power interchange amount for bidding may also be determined after the supply and demand plan is calculated. The power interchange bidding unit 45 generates bidding data for bidding based on the amount of interchange and the unit price (power interchange unit price) received from the plan creation unit 42, outputs the bidding data to the transmitter/receiver unit 21, and the transmitter/receiver unit 21 transmits the bidding data to the central device 1a. When the transmitter/receiver unit 21 receives the agreement results based on the bidding, it stores the agreement results in the information storage unit 41, and the plan creation unit 42 recreates the supply and demand plan using the agreement results stored in the information storage unit 41. The plan creation unit 42 stores the created supply and demand plan in the plan storage unit 43. The bidding data and agreement results also include the ratio of renewable energy to non-renewable energy.

The sorting unit 44 sorts based on the actual values stored in the information storage unit 41, similar to the sorting unit 16 in embodiment 1, and stores the sorting results in the information storage unit 41. The command generation unit 46 generates control command values for controlling the equipment (facilities) within the base 3 based on the supply and demand plan stored in the plan storage unit 43, and outputs the generated control command values to the equipment control unit 24.

As shown in FIG. 12, the central device 1a also includes a transceiver 11 and an agreement processing unit 17. The transceiver 11 receives bid data from the base device 2a and outputs the received bid data to the agreement processing unit 17. The agreement processing unit 17 performs agreement processing based on the bid data and outputs the agreement result to the transceiver 11. The transceiver 11 transmits the agreement result to the corresponding base device 2a. There are no particular restrictions on the method of agreement processing, and any general method can be used. The agreement processing unit 17 also creates a trading plan for the energy trading market based on the agreement result, outputs the trading plan to the transceiver 11, and the transceiver 11 transmits the trading plan to the trading support device 32.

Figure 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the supply and demand plan creation processing procedure in the base device 2a of this embodiment. The plan creation unit 42 of the base device 2a executes steps S1 to S2 described in embodiment 1, similar to the plan creation unit 13 of the central device 1 of embodiment 1. Note that the input information acquired in step S2 is the input information used in step S3a, which will be described later.

Next, the base device 2a creates a supply and demand plan (step S3a). In detail, the plan creation unit 42 uses the unit price for power interchange as a variable, equation (1) described in embodiment 1 as the objective function, and equations (3) to (12) described in embodiment 1 as constraints, and solves an optimization problem in the same manner as in embodiment 1 to determine each variable so as to minimize the objective function or make the objective function equal to or less than a threshold value.

Next, the base device 2a submits a bid for the interchanged power (step S51). In detail, the plan creation unit 42 determines the interchange amount and unit price based on the supply and demand plan created in step S3a, and outputs the determined interchange amount and unit price to the interchanged power bidding unit 45. The interchanged power bidding unit 45 then generates bidding data for submitting a bid based on the interchanged amount and unit price received from the plan creation unit 42, outputs the bidding data to the transceiver unit 21, and the transceiver unit 21 transmits the bidding data to the central device 1a.

Next, the base device 2a receives the contract result (step S52). Specifically, the transmitter/receiver 21 receives the contract result from the central device 1a and stores the contract result in the information storage unit 41.

Next, the base device 2a creates a supply and demand plan that reflects the agreement results (step S53). In detail, the plan creation unit 42 reads the agreement results from the information storage unit 41, reflects the unit price and interchange amount indicated in the agreement results, and creates a supply and demand plan by solving an optimization problem in the same manner as in embodiment 1, using equation (1) described in embodiment 1 as the objective function and equations (3) to (12) described in embodiment 1 as constraints, and stores the created supply and demand plan in the plan storage unit 43.

Next, the base device 2a determines whether it is time to generate a control command (step S54). For example, the base device 2a generates control command values for controlling equipment (facility) within the base 3 at a predetermined command generation cycle, and the base device 2a determines that it is time to generate a control command each time the time corresponding to the predetermined command generation cycle has elapsed. If it is not time to generate a control command (step S54: No), the base device 2a repeats the process from step S1.

If it is time to generate a control command (Yes in step S54), the base device 2a performs step S6, as in embodiment 1. Next, the base device 2a controls the device based on the control command value (step S55) and repeats the process from step S1.

In this embodiment, too, the target value for the renewable energy ratio may be reset to reflect actual values, as in the example shown in Figure 7 of embodiment 1. Furthermore, the base device 2a may transmit the environmental value procurement plan included in the supply and demand plan to a device (not shown) that supports the trading of environmental values.

As described above, in this embodiment, the supply and demand plan created by the base device 2a is a supply and demand plan for one of the multiple bases 3 that are capable of power interchange. The power interchange bidding unit 45 generates bidding data including the amount and unit price for power interchange, and the transmitter/receiver 21 transmits the bidding data to the central device 1a and receives the agreement results from the central device 1a. The plan creation unit 42 then creates a supply and demand plan based on the agreement results.

The central device 1a and base device 2a of this embodiment are realized by a computer system having the configuration illustrated in FIG. 10, similar to the central device 1 and base device 2 of embodiment 1.

The contract processing unit 17 shown in FIG. 12 is realized by the control unit 101 shown in FIG. 10 executing a computer program stored in the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10 is also used to realize the contract processing unit 17 shown in FIG. 12.

The plan creation unit 42, sorting unit 44, power exchange bidding unit 45, and command generation unit 46 shown in FIG. 12 are realized by the control unit 101 shown in FIG. 10 executing a computer program stored in the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10 is also used to realize the plan creation unit 42, sorting unit 44, power exchange bidding unit 45, and command generation unit 46 shown in FIG. 12. The information memory unit 41 and plan memory unit 43 shown in FIG. 12 are part of the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10.

As described above, in this embodiment, even when a supply and demand plan is created for each base station 3, similar to embodiment 1, a supply and demand plan is created that separates power generation and demand into renewable and non-renewable energy sources so that the objective function representing the consumer's cost is below a threshold value under constraints including achieving the target renewable energy ratio. This makes it possible to create a supply and demand plan that can achieve the target renewable energy ratio.

Embodiment 3.
Next, a power management system according to a third embodiment will be described. FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating the relationship between the bases 3 and an operator according to the third embodiment. In this embodiment, as in the second embodiment, each base 3 is, for example, a base for a different consumer, and a system operator who manages power interchange between the bases 3 exists separately from the consumers. As shown in FIG. 14 , in this embodiment, as in the second embodiment, plans such as a supply and demand plan are created at each base 3, but the amount of power interchange between the bases 3 is determined by a price signal being presented by the system operator, and the interchangeable amount (possible amount) of each base 3 being presented to the system operator based on the price signal (signal). In this embodiment, as in the second embodiment, a target value for the renewable energy ratio is set for each base 3.

Figure 15 is a diagram illustrating an example configuration of a central device and a base device in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 15, the power management system of this embodiment includes a central device 1b, a base device 2b-1, a prediction device 31, a transaction support device 32, and a plan submission support device 33. The central device 1b is operated and managed by a system operator. Note that while base devices 2b-2 to 2b-M are not shown in Figure 15, base devices 2b-1 to 2b-M are provided at bases 3-1 to 3-M, respectively, as in embodiment 1. The equipment provided at bases 3-1 to 3-M is the same as the example shown in Figure 1 of embodiment 1, except that base devices 2b-1 to 2b-M are provided instead of base devices 2-1 to 2-M. When referring to base devices 2b-1 to 2b-M without distinguishing them individually, they are referred to as base device 2b. In this embodiment, base device 2b is the power management device that creates supply and demand plans. Components with the same functions as in embodiment 2 are assigned the same reference numerals as in embodiment 2, and duplicate explanations will be omitted. Below, differences from embodiment 2 will be mainly explained.

As shown in FIG. 15, the base device 2b-1 is similar to the base device 2a in embodiment 2 except that it has an interchangeable power amount determination unit 47 instead of the interchangeable power bidding unit 45 of the base device 2a in embodiment 2.

In this embodiment, the central device 1b determines a price signal indicating the unit price for electricity interchange between the bases 3 and transmits the determined price signal to the base device 2b. The price signal may be determined as a single unit price, or, for example, as X yen/kWh for electricity up to x [kWh], or Y yen/kWh for electricity above x [kWh] and up to x + y [kWh]. Furthermore, the central device 1b can, for example, predict the price of non-fossil fuel certificates and then determine the price signal to be lower than the predicted price of non-fossil fuel certificates. The transceiver unit 21 of the base device 2b stores the received price signal in the information storage unit 41. The plan creation unit 42 uses the price signal to create a supply and demand plan as in embodiment 2 and outputs the created supply and demand plan to the available interchange amount determination unit 47. The available interchange amount determination unit 47 determines the available interchange amount based on the supply and demand plan and outputs the determined available interchange amount to the transceiver unit 21. The transmitter/receiver 21 transmits the available amount to the central device 1b. When the transmitter/receiver 21 receives the contract result (described below) from the central device 1b, it stores the contract result in the information storage unit 41, and the plan creation unit 42 recreates the supply and demand plan using the contract result stored in the information storage unit 41. The plan creation unit 42 stores the created supply and demand plan in the plan storage unit 43.

The central device 1b includes a transceiver unit 11, an agreement processing unit 17, and a price signal determination unit 18. The price signal determination unit 18 determines a price signal and outputs it to the transceiver unit 11. The transceiver unit 11 transmits the price signal to the base device 2b. The agreement processing unit 17 performs agreement processing based on the available interchange amount received from the base device 2b and outputs the agreement result to the transceiver unit 11. The agreement result includes the determined unit price and interchange amount. The transceiver unit 11 transmits the agreement result to the corresponding base device 2b. There are no particular restrictions on the agreement processing method, and any general method can be used. Furthermore, the agreement processing unit 17 creates a trading plan for the energy trading market based on the agreement result and outputs the trading plan to the transceiver unit 11, which then transmits the trading plan to the trading support device 32.

Figure 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the supply and demand plan creation processing procedure in base device 2b in this embodiment. Similar to the plan creation unit 13 of central device 1 in embodiment 1, the plan creation unit 42 of base device 2b executes step S1 described in embodiment 1. Base device 2b receives a price signal (step S61). Specifically, the transmitter/receiver 21 receives the price signal from central device 1b and stores it in the information storage unit 41. Note that the timing for performing step S61 is not limited to the example shown in Figure 16; the price signal may be transmitted periodically from central device 1b, or may be transmitted from central device 1b when the value of the price signal changes.

The plan creation unit 42 of the base device 2b executes step S2 described in embodiment 1, similar to the plan creation unit 13 of the central device 1 in embodiment 1. Note that the input information acquired in step S2 is the input information used in step S3b, which will be described later.

Next, the base device 2b creates a supply and demand plan (step S3b). In detail, the plan creation unit 42 sets the unit price for power interchange using the price signal, and solves an optimization problem in the same manner as in embodiment 1 using equation (1) described in embodiment 1 as the objective function and equations (3) to (12) described in embodiment 1 as constraints, thereby determining each variable so as to minimize the objective function or make the objective function equal to or less than a threshold value.

Next, the base device 2b transmits the available accommodating amount (step S62). In particular, the plan creation unit 42 outputs the supply and demand plan created in step S3b to the available accommodating amount determination unit 47. The available accommodating amount determination unit 47 then determines the available accommodating amount based on the supply and demand plan received from the plan creation unit 42 and outputs the determined available accommodating amount to the transmission/reception unit 21, which then transmits the available accommodating amount to the central device 1b. Steps S52 and onward are the same as in embodiment 2.

Figure 17 is a diagram showing another example of a method for determining a price signal in this embodiment. In the example shown in Figure 14, the system operator determined the price signal, but in the example shown in Figure 17, the buyer's base presents the price signal and the requested amount of electricity interchange to the system operator. At the buyer's base, for example, the base device 2b may determine the price signal and the requested amount by creating a supply and demand plan using the unit price of electricity interchange as a variable, as in step S3a of embodiment 2, or they may be determined by other methods. The system operator presents the price signal and requested amount received from the buyer's base to the seller's base. At the seller's base, the base device 2b creates a supply and demand plan using the price signal, as described in this embodiment, and transmits the available interchange amount to the central device 1b. The central device 1b performs the contract process using the received available interchange amount as described in this embodiment, and transmits the contract results to the seller's base and the base device 2b at the buyer's base. As a result, the base devices 2b at the seller's base and the buyer's base create supply and demand plans that reflect the results of the agreement.

As described above, in this embodiment, the supply and demand plan created by base device 2b is a supply and demand plan for one of multiple bases 3 at which power interchange is possible. A price signal indicating the unit price for power interchange is received from central device 1b, and the interchangeable amount determination unit 47 determines the interchangeable amount using a provisionally determined supply and demand plan determined using the price signal. The transmitter/receiver unit 21 transmits the interchangeable amount to central device 1b and receives the agreement result from central device 1b. The plan creation unit 42 then creates a supply and demand plan based on the agreement result.

The central device 1b and base device 2b of this embodiment are realized by a computer system having the configuration illustrated in FIG. 10, similar to the central device 1 and base device 2 of embodiment 1.

The price signal determination unit 18 shown in FIG. 15 is realized by the control unit 101 shown in FIG. 10 executing a computer program stored in the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10 is also used to realize the price signal determination unit 18 shown in FIG. 15.

The available exchange amount determination unit 47 shown in FIG. 15 is realized by the control unit 101 shown in FIG. 10 executing a computer program stored in the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10 is also used to realize the available exchange amount determination unit 47 shown in FIG. 15.

As described above, in this embodiment, the base device 2b calculates the available interchange amount using a price signal, and the central device 1b determines the interchange amount. In this embodiment as well, a supply and demand plan is created that separates power generation and demand into renewable and non-renewable energy sources, so that the objective function representing the consumer's cost is below a threshold, under constraints including achieving the target renewable energy ratio. This makes it possible to create a supply and demand plan that can achieve the target renewable energy ratio.

Embodiment 4.
Fig. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power resource management device according to embodiment 4. The configuration and operation of the power management system according to this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that a power resource management device 8 shown in Fig. 18 is added. The power resource management device 8 manages the power resource of the power storage facility 7 at the base 3. Components having the same functions as those in embodiment 1 are given the same reference numerals as in embodiment 1, and duplicated explanations will be omitted. Below, differences from embodiment 1 will be mainly explained.

In this embodiment, when the central device 1 transmits a control command value, it also transmits the ratio of the renewable energy portion to the non-renewable energy portion in the control command value to the base device 2. The transmitter/receiver 21 of the base device 2 outputs the control command value together with the ratio of the renewable energy portion to the non-renewable energy portion to the equipment control unit 24, and the equipment control unit 24 outputs a charge/discharge command to the power storage equipment 7 based on the control command value and transmits the control command value together with the ratio of the renewable energy portion to the non-renewable energy portion to the power resource management device 8.

The power resource management device 8 includes a charge/discharge command acquisition unit 81, a resource-specific SOC calculation unit 82, an SOC acquisition unit 83, an SOC storage unit 84, and an SOC output unit 85. The charge/discharge command acquisition unit 81 receives a control command value and a ratio between a renewable energy portion and a non-renewable energy portion from the device control unit 24, and outputs the received control command value and ratio to the resource-specific SOC calculation unit 82. The SOC storage unit 84 stores, as resource-specific SOCs, SOC ₁ , which is the SOC of the renewable energy portion, and SOC ₂ , which is the SOC of the non-renewable energy portion. The resource-specific SOC calculation unit 82 calculates the charge/discharge amount of the renewable energy portion and the charge/discharge amount of the non-renewable energy portion using the control command value and the ratio. In the case of charging, the resource-specific SOC calculation unit 82 updates the SOC ₁ stored in the SOC storage unit 84 with a value obtained by multiplying the calculated charge/discharge amount (charge amount) of renewable energy by the charging efficiency and adding the result to the SOC 1, and in the case of discharging, updates the SOC ₁ stored in the SOC storage unit 84 with a value obtained by multiplying the calculated charge/discharge amount (discharge amount) of renewable energy by ₁ /discharge efficiency and adding the result to the SOC _1. Note that, here, the charge/discharge amount is assumed to be a positive value in the case of charging, and a negative value in the case of discharging. Furthermore, in the case of charging, the resource-specific SOC calculation unit 82 updates the SOC ₂ stored in the SOC storage unit 84 with a value obtained by adding the value obtained by multiplying the calculated charge/discharge amount (charge amount) of the non-renewable energy portion by the charging efficiency to the SOC 2, and in the case of discharging, updates the SOC ₂ stored in the SOC storage unit 84 with a value obtained by adding the value obtained by multiplying the calculated charge/discharge amount (discharge amount) of the non-renewable energy portion by 1/discharge efficiency to _the SOC ₂ .

The SOC output unit 85 transmits the SOC ₁ and SOC ₂ stored in the SOC storage unit 84 to the base device 2. The SOC acquisition unit 83 acquires SOC information indicating the SOC of the power storage equipment 7 from the power storage equipment 7 and outputs the acquired SOC information to the resource-specific SOC calculation unit 82. The resource-specific SOC calculation unit 82 reads out the SOC ₁ and SOC ₂ stored in the SOC storage unit 84, and if there is a difference between SOC ₁ + SOC ₂ and the SOC indicated by the SOC information that is equal to or greater than a threshold, updates the SOC ₁ and SOC ₂ stored in the SOC storage unit 84 based on the ratio between SOC ₁ + SOC ₂ and the SOC indicated by the SOC information, thereby making the SOC ₁ + SOC ₂ stored in the SOC storage unit 84 match the SOC indicated by the SOC information.

The base device 2 may transmit the SOC ₁ and SOC ₂ received from the power resource management device 8 as actual values to the central device 1. Furthermore, a display unit (not shown) in the base device 2 or the power resource management device 8 may display the SOC ₁ and SOC _2. In this embodiment, the power resource management device 8 manages the SOC for each resource, so that the amount of power stored in the power storage equipment 7 can be grasped by dividing it into renewable energy and non-renewable energy portions.

Note that while an example in which a power resource management device 8 is added to the power system of embodiment 1 has been described here, a power resource management device 8 may also be added to the power systems of embodiments 2 and 3 in a similar manner.

Like the central device 1 in embodiment 1, the power resource management device 8 in this embodiment is realized by a computer system with the configuration illustrated in FIG. 10.

The resource-specific SOC calculation unit 82 shown in FIG. 18 is realized by the control unit 101 shown in FIG. 10 executing a computer program stored in the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10 is also used to realize the resource-specific SOC calculation unit 82 shown in FIG. 18. The SOC memory unit 84 shown in FIG. 18 is part of the memory unit 103 shown in FIG. 10. The charge/discharge command acquisition unit 81, SOC acquisition unit 83, and SOC output unit 85 shown in FIG. 18 are realized by the communication unit 105 shown in FIG. 10.

<Display example of supply and demand plan>
Fig. 19 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen of a supply and demand plan created in the first to fourth embodiments. The supply and demand plan is displayed, for example, by a display unit (not shown in Figs. 2 and 18) in the central device 1 and the base device 2 in the first and fourth embodiments, or a display unit (not shown in Figs. 12 and 15) in the base devices 2a and 2b in the second and third embodiments. In the present embodiment, a supply and demand plan is created separately for renewable energy and non-renewable energy, and therefore, as shown in Fig. 19, renewable energy and non-renewable energy can be displayed separately.

In the example shown in Figure 19, for one base 3, the top row displays the supply and demand of renewable energy-related electricity, the middle row displays the supply and demand of non-renewable energy-related electricity, and the bottom row displays the combined supply and demand of renewable and non-renewable energy-related electricity. In Figure 19, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the amount of power or SOC. The amount of power supplied is represented by bars, and demand is represented by a solid broken line. The dashed line represents the SOC of the power storage facility 7. PV represents the amount of power generated by solar power generation, Interchange IN represents the amount supplied by power interchange, Retail represents the amount purchased from a retail electricity supplier, and Discharge represents the amount discharged from the power storage facility 7. Note that Figure 19 is an example, and the specific items illustrated, the display format, etc. are not limited to the example shown in Figure 19.

The configurations shown in the above embodiments are merely examples, and may be combined with other known technologies, or different embodiments may be combined with each other. Parts of the configuration may also be omitted or modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1, 1a, 1b Central device, 2, 2-1 to 2-M, 2a-1, 2b-1 Base device, 3-1 to 3-M Base, 4-1 to 4-NR Renewable energy power generation facility, 5-1 to 5-NNR Non-renewable energy power generation facility, 6 Load, 7, 7-1, 7-2 Power storage facility, 8 Power resource management device, 11, 21 Transmitting/receiving unit, 12, 41 Information storage unit, 13, 42 Plan creation unit, 14, 43 Plan storage unit, 15, 46 Command generation unit, 16, 44 Sorting unit, 17 Agreement processing unit, 18 Price signal determination unit, 22 Facility information storage unit, 23 Performance value acquisition unit, 24 Equipment control unit, 31 Prediction device, 32 Trading support device, 33 Plan submission support device, 34 Electricity market trading system, 35 Cross-regional operation organization system, 45 Interchangeable power bidding unit, 47 Interchangeable amount determination unit, 81 Charge/discharge command acquisition unit, 82 Resource-specific SOC calculation unit, 83 SOC acquisition unit, 84 SOC storage unit, 85 SOC output unit.

Claims (14)

a plan creation unit that creates an electricity supply and demand plan by determining, as variables, the amount of electricity supplied from the business operator to the electricity distribution line of the consumer , the amount of electricity supplied from the electricity storage facility of the consumer to the electricity distribution line of the consumer, the amount of electricity consumed by the load of the consumer, and the amount of electricity used to charge the electricity storage facility with a mixture of renewable energy and non-renewable energy, respectively , by dividing the amount of electricity into renewable energy and non-renewable energy, so as to satisfy the target value, using a target value of the ratio of renewable energy to the electricity consumed by the consumer , a predicted value of the consumer's electricity demand, a predicted value of the consumer's electricity power generation amount from renewable energy, the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of electricity generated by the consumer's power generation facility, and the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of electricity supplied from the business operator selling electricity to the electricity distribution line of the consumer;
A power management device comprising: Manage multiple bases of the customer;
The supply and demand plan includes an amount of power to be exchanged between the bases,
The power management device according to claim 1 , wherein the plan creation unit determines the amount of power interchange separately for renewable energy and non-renewable energy. The power management device according to claim 2 , wherein the plan creation unit creates the supply and demand plan so that the sum of the costs at the multiple bases and the costs required to operate the power interchange is below a threshold value. The power management device according to claim 2 , wherein the amount of power interchange is an amount of power interchanged from one or more other bases to the base that is the interchange destination. the supply and demand plan is a supply and demand plan at one of a plurality of bases at which power interchange is possible,
The power management device
an interchange power bidding unit that generates bidding data including an interchange amount and a unit price for the electric power interchange;
a transmitting/receiving unit that transmits the bidding data to a central device that performs contract processing for the power interchange and receives a contract result from the central device;
Equipped with
The power management device according to claim 1 , wherein the plan creation unit creates the supply and demand plan based on the agreement result. the supply and demand plan is a supply and demand plan at one of a plurality of bases at which power interchange is possible,
The power management device
a transceiver that receives a price signal indicating a unit price for the power interchange from a central device that performs contract processing for the power interchange;
an available amount determination unit that determines an available amount of power using the supply and demand plan that has been provisionally determined using the price signal;
Equipped with
the transmitting and receiving unit transmits the available amount to the central device and receives a contract result from the central device;
The power management device according to claim 1 , wherein the plan creation unit creates the supply and demand plan based on the agreement result. creating the supply and demand plan for each target creation period, which is a period into which a target setting period, which is a period for which the target value is set, is divided into a plurality of periods; and setting a period target value, which is a target value for the ratio of renewable energy for each target creation period, based on the target value;
The power management device of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plan creation unit uses actual values of the renewable energy ratio during the target setting period to reset the period target value for the period after the period for which the actual values have been acquired, and creates the supply and demand plan using the reset period target value. a base device that is installed at each base and creates an electricity supply and demand plan by determining, as variables, the amount of electricity supplied from the business operator to the electricity distribution line of the consumer , the amount of electricity supplied from the electricity storage equipment of the consumer to the electricity distribution line of the consumer, the amount of electricity consumed by the load of the consumer, and the amount of electricity used to charge the electricity storage equipment with a mixture of renewable energy and non-renewable energy, each divided into renewable energy and non-renewable energy, so as to satisfy the target value, using a target value for the ratio of renewable energy to the electricity consumed by the consumer , a predicted value for the electricity demand of the consumer, a predicted value for the amount of electricity generated by renewable energy at the consumer's power generation facility, the renewable energy ratio of the amount of electricity generated by the power generation facility of the consumer, and the renewable energy ratio of the amount of electricity supplied from the business operator selling electricity to the electricity distribution line of the consumer;
a central device that performs processing for agreeing on power interchange between the bases;
Equipped with
the base device transmits bidding data including an amount of power to be substituted and a unit price for the power interchange to a central device;
the central device performs the contract processing based on the bid data received from the base device and transmits a contract result to the base device;
The base device receives a contract result from the central device, and creates the supply and demand plan based on the contract result. a base device that is installed at each base and creates an electricity supply and demand plan by determining, as variables, the amount of electricity supplied from the business operator to the electricity distribution line of the consumer , the amount of electricity supplied from the electricity storage equipment of the consumer to the electricity distribution line of the consumer, the amount of electricity consumed by the load of the consumer, and the amount of electricity used to charge the electricity storage equipment with a mixture of renewable energy and non-renewable energy, each divided into renewable energy and non-renewable energy, so as to satisfy the target value, using a target value for the ratio of renewable energy to the electricity consumed by the consumer , a predicted value for the electricity demand of the consumer, a predicted value for the amount of electricity generated by renewable energy at the consumer's power generation facility, the renewable energy ratio of the amount of electricity generated by the power generation facility of the consumer, and the renewable energy ratio of the amount of electricity supplied from the business operator selling electricity to the electricity distribution line of the consumer;
a central device that determines a price signal indicating a unit price for power interchange between the bases and transmits the price signal to the base devices;
Equipped with
The base device receives the price signal from the central device, determines an available amount of power to be supplied using a supply and demand plan provisionally determined using the price signal, and calculates the available amount of power to be supplied by
to the central device,
the central device performs contract processing based on the available amount received from the base device and transmits a contract result to the base device;
The base device receives a contract result from the central device, and creates the supply and demand plan based on the contract result. a forecasting device that forecasts the power demand and the amount of power generated by renewable energy at a consumer;
a power management device that creates a power supply and demand plan by determining, as variables, the amount of power supplied from the business operator to the power distribution line of the consumer, the amount of power supplied from the power storage facility of the consumer to the power distribution line, the amount of power consumed by the load of the consumer , and the amount of power used to charge the power storage facility with a mixture of renewable energy and non-renewable energy , respectively, by dividing them into renewable energy and non-renewable energy, so as to satisfy the target value, using the target value of the ratio of renewable energy to the power consumed by the consumer , the predicted value of the power demand predicted by the prediction device, the predicted value of the power generation amount predicted by the prediction device, the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of power generated by the power generation facility of the consumer, and the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of power supplied from the business operator selling electricity to the power distribution line of the consumer;
A power management system comprising: a trading support device that supports trading processing in the electricity trading market based on the supply and demand plan created by the electricity management device;
The power management system according to claim 10 , further comprising: a plan submission support device that creates a supply and demand plan to be submitted to a cross-regional operation system that manages wide-area power supply and demand based on the supply and demand plan created by the power management device, and transmits the supply and demand plan to be submitted to the cross-regional operation system ;
The power management system according to claim 10 or 11 , further comprising: A power management method in a power management device, comprising:
Obtain a predicted value of the consumer's power demand and a predicted value of the amount of power generated by renewable energy;
A power management method characterized by creating a power supply and demand plan by using a target value for the ratio of renewable energy to the power consumed by the consumer, a forecast value for the power demand, the forecast value for the amount of power generated, the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of power generated by the consumer's power generation equipment, and the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of power supplied from a business selling electricity to the consumer's distribution line, to satisfy the target value by determining as variables the amount of power supplied from the business to the consumer's distribution line , the amount of power supplied from the consumer's power storage equipment to the distribution line, the amount of power consumed by the consumer's load, and the amount of power used when charging the power storage equipment with a mixture of renewable energy and non-renewable energy, each divided into renewable energy and non-renewable energy. In the computer system,
obtaining a predicted value of power demand of a consumer and a predicted value of power generation amount by renewable energy;
a step of creating an electricity supply and demand plan by determining, as variables, the amount of electricity supplied from the utility to the electricity distribution line of the consumer, the amount of electricity supplied from the utility to the electricity distribution line of the consumer , the amount of electricity supplied from the utility to the electricity distribution line of the consumer, the amount of electricity consumed by the consumer's load , and the amount of electricity used to charge the electricity storage facility with a mixture of renewable energy and non-renewable energy, respectively, by dividing the amount of electricity into renewable energy and non- renewable energy, so as to satisfy the target value , using the target value of the ratio of renewable energy to the electricity consumed by the consumer, the predicted value of the electricity demand, the predicted value of the electricity power generation, the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of electricity generated by the consumer 's power generation facility, and the ratio of renewable energy to the amount of electricity supplied from the utility to the electricity distribution line of the consumer,
A power management program characterized by causing the program to execute the above.