JPS581227B2 - Manufacturing method of tapered polyester fiber - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing polyester animal hair fibers having uniform, sharply tapered tips.

Conventionally, a method is known in which the tips of polyester fibers are immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution to thin the tips, thereby obtaining polyester fibers that have a texture and appearance similar to animal hair.

For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-4910 discloses that in a fabric using polyester fibers as a pile, the pile is immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution for a certain length from the tip of the pile for a certain period of time, and then the pile surface is raised. A method is described in which only the tip of the pile is immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution and treated for a certain period of time to thin the tip of the pile.

In this method, a difference in thickness occurs between the first-stage immersed section and the second-stage immersed section, and a step also occurs at the boundary between the two, resulting in a uniformly tapered tip-separated fiber. Moreover, since the tip shape is trapezoidal or semicircular, both the appearance and texture are inferior to that of animal hair.

On the other hand, in order to eliminate this drawback, one end of a polyester fiber bundle aggregate having a density that can cause capillary action is immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution, and the alkaline aqueous solution rises through the bundle aggregate due to capillary action. Polyester fibers are decomposed to form a tapered tip,
A method has been proposed in which the entire fiber part immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution is decomposed and removed (Special Publication No. 50-401).
No. 95).

This method seems to produce a product with a sharp and uniformly tapered tip, and the tips are uniformly aligned without being treated to create unevenness in the longitudinal direction of the fibers. However, when actually implemented, it does not necessarily produce the expected effects.

That is, when a fiber bundle aggregate is immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution, the bundle spreads in the outer peripheral direction, the fiber density in the center decreases, and a larger amount of the alkaline aqueous solution permeates, making the fibers more A lot of fiber decomposes and the fiber length becomes short, and the outermost part of the fiber also decomposes easily and the fiber length becomes short.
As a result, the distal end surface of the fiber bundle aggregate becomes uneven as shown in FIG. 2, and the distal ends are not uniformly aligned.

In addition, if you try to completely decompose and remove the immersed part, the processing time will be longer, and the monomers that have been decomposed by 7JO water will remain as suspended matter, which will adhere to the surface of the tapered tip of the fiber. There also arises a problem that the smoothness of the tip is impaired.

Furthermore, it has the disadvantage that it is relatively difficult to adjust the shape of the tip, such as the length of the tapered portion.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the drawbacks of such conventional methods, and as a result, the tips of the polyester fibers are immersed in a treatment liquid for a certain length, and then the surface of the treatment liquid is gradually lowered continuously. The present invention was achieved by discovering that the drawbacks of conventional methods can be overcome all at once.

That is, in the present invention, when the tip of a polyester fiber is treated with a hydrolyzing agent or a solvent to make it tapered, the tip of the polyester fiber is immersed for a certain length in a treatment solution containing a hydrolyzing agent or a solvent, and then This method of producing tapered polyester fibers is characterized in that the level of the treatment liquid is gradually lowered continuously to make the tips of the polyester fibers tapered.

In the present invention, polyester fibers are composed of glycol components such as ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, and tetramethylene glycol, and dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, malonic acid, and succinic acid. A fiber made of a polyester polymer copolymerized with another third component as part of a polycondensate, a glycol component or a dicarboxylic acid component, a blend of these polyester polymers and other polymers, etc.
This includes all polyester fibers that can be dissolved or hydrolyzed by solvents and hydrolyzing agents.

Polytetramethylene terephthalate fiber is most preferred because it has an animal hair-like texture.

It is preferable to use polyester fibers with a single yarn weave of 20 to 4000 de in order to obtain animal hair-like fibers.

If the single yarn weave is too small, it will be difficult to obtain an animal hair-like feel, while if the single yarn weave is too large, the yarn will become too rigid and its uses will be limited.

Solvents and hydrolyzing agents for polyester fibers include:
Chloroform-phenol mixture, 1 chlorophenol, sodium hydroxide, hydrium hydroxide, soda carbonate,
Examples include triethanolamine.

These solvents and decomposition agents are used in the form of solutions, and their concentrations are not particularly limited, depending on the type of polyester fiber to be treated,
It is appropriately selected depending on the fineness, desired degree of fineness, and treatment bath temperature.

In particular, it is preferable to treat polyester fibers by heating a treatment solution containing a solvent and a hydrolyzing agent because the dissolution and decomposition rate of the polyester fibers increases and the treatment time can be shortened.

The temperature of the treatment liquid usually employed is 70°C to 130°C.

In addition, when using an alkali metal compound as a decomposition agent, it is desirable to add a quaternary ammonium salt such as lauryl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride or cetyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, as this will accelerate the hydrolysis of polyester fibers. .

In the present invention, the tips of the polyester fibers are immersed for a certain length in a treatment liquid containing a hydrolyzing agent or a solvent, and then the level of the treatment liquid is gradually lowered continuously.

The rate of decrease in the level of the treatment liquid must be appropriately determined based on the type of polyester fiber, desired degree of fineness, treatment bath temperature, treatment bath concentration, treatment time, etc.

What is important here is to lower the processing liquid level continuously. If the liquid level is temporarily stopped and lowered in an l-like manner, a step will appear in a part of the taper, resulting in a uniform tapered shape. It is not possible to obtain finely tapered fibers.

In addition, in this treatment method, even if the liquid level is stopped lowering while several millimeters of the tips of the polyester fiber bundle remain immersed in the treatment liquid, and the immersed portion is dissolved or decomposed and removed by leaving it as it is. However, it is also possible to stop lowering the liquid level while the tip remains immersed in the processing liquid by about 1 to 3 mm, and then terminate the processing and take out the fiber bundle from the processing liquid.

Rather, it is better to finish the treatment while the tip is immersed in the treatment liquid for a few millimeters and leave the part that was immersed in the treatment liquid unremoved, so that the tip of the fiber bundle has a uniform surface on the treatment liquid. This is preferable because it is diffused and tapered uniformly.

According to the present invention, polyester animal hair-like fibers having a uniform and sharp tapered tip are obtained, and the liquid level of the treatment liquid is moved relative to the fibers in the direction of assembling the fiber bundle-like aggregates. As shown in FIG. 1, there is no possibility that the bundle-like aggregates will expand in the processing liquid and the tip surface of the bundle-like aggregates will become uneven and uneven as shown in FIG. An excellent product with uniformly aligned tip surfaces can be obtained.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is a polyester fiber bundle-like aggregate, 2 is a tape that fastens the aggregate 1, and T is a tip end surface.

Furthermore, since the surface of the treatment liquid is constantly moving with respect to the fibers, floating substances such as monomers are less likely to accumulate, and the smoothness of the tip is not impaired by the attachment of floating substances.

Furthermore, the processing time is shortened, and the shape of the tip of the fiber bundle can be changed and controlled very easily by changing the moving speed of the surface of the processing liquid relative to the fibers, that is, the speed at which the surface of the processing liquid is lowered. be able to.

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below.

Example Polytetramethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.0 was melt-spun and stretched to obtain a bristle fiber having a single filament fineness of 100 de.

The bristle fibers were bundled to create a fiber bundle with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 6 cm.

After immersing the tip of this fiber bundle for 15 mm into a treatment bath filled with an aqueous solution at 120°C containing 20% by weight of sodium hydroxide, the drain provided at the bottom of the treatment bath was opened and the water was drained at a rate of lcm per hour. The treated aqueous solution was discharged so that the liquid level was continuously lowered.

The treatment was terminated when the immersion length of the tip of the fiber bundle reached 3 mm, and the fiber bundle was taken out from the treatment solution and washed with water.

The treatment time with the treatment liquid was 1 hour and 12 minutes.

After treatment, the tips of the bristle fibers exhibit a uniform, sharp tapered shape over a length of approximately 15 mm, and when the tip surface is observed under a microscope, no foreign matter is observed and the fibers are smooth and very similar to animal hair. It was done.

Further, the end surfaces of the fiber bundles were also uniformly aligned as shown in FIG. 1, which was very desirable as a product.

Comparative Example In the example, without lowering the liquid level of the processing liquid,
The immersion process was continued until the 15 mm immersed portion was completely decomposed and removed.

The time required for complete decomposition and removal was approximately 2 hours.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fiber bundle end surface after the treatment had shortened fibers at the center and outer periphery, and had an uneven shape, so that the ends were not uniformly aligned.

In addition, a large amount of sodium hydroxide powder and fiber decomposition products were attached to the tip surface, and when observed under a microscope after washing with water, the tip surface was quite rough and had poor smoothness, with an animal hair-like appearance. I couldn't get the texture.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a polyester fiber bundle-like aggregate treated by the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a polyester fiber bundle-like aggregate treated by a conventional method. 1 is a polyester fiber bundle-like aggregate, and T is a tip surface of the polyester fiber bundle-like aggregate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When the tip of the polyester fiber is treated with a hydrolyzing agent or solvent to make it tapered, the tip of the polyester fiber is immersed for a certain length in a treatment solution containing the hydrolyzing agent or solvent, A method for producing tapered polyester fibers, which comprises: then gradually lowering the liquid level of the treatment liquid to make the tips of the polyester fibers taper. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the treatment liquid containing a hydrolyzing agent or a solvent is heated. 3 Single yarn fineness of polyester fiber is 20 to 4000 de
The method according to claim 1 or 2.