JPS5813432B2 - Tank yard for offshore storage of flammable liquids - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tank yard for offshore storage of flammable liquids.

In recent years, offshore oil stockpiling has been considered in order to provide a stable and sustainable supply of oil and to safely store it.

Tank yards that meet this purpose are 500,000 to 800,000 N.
Since several large L-class tank ships are moored within the yard, if an accident were to occur, the resulting disaster would be enormous, so special disaster prevention measures are required.

For example, in the case of a large tank ship like the one mentioned above, the draft changes by 15 to 20 meters between when it is empty and when it is full.
Even if oil leaks from one tank ship, or a fire breaks out, it will be contained to the area around the tank ship and the extent of the spill or disaster will be limited. It is necessary to keep it to a small amount and prevent it from spreading into the yard, as well as to ensure that there is no impact on the outside of the breakwater.

Conventionally, this type of tank yard consists of a breakwater that surrounds a predetermined section of sea surface, a gate that can be opened and closed on the breakwater, and a tank that is formed so that it can pass through the gate and is floated within the section. A floating tank base is known which is characterized by being equipped with a liquid storage tank and equipment for transporting liquid to the liquid storage tank (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-52216).
(see publication).

However, at this tank base, no measures have been taken to ensure the secure mooring of tank ships or to prevent disasters.

This invention was made in view of the above points, and provides a tank for offshore storage of flammable liquids, which is equipped with a reliable mooring structure for tank ships and a reliable oil barrier structure so as to be suitable for offshore storage. The purpose is to provide yards.

In order to achieve the above object, the tank yard according to the present invention includes a fixed breakwater that forms the outer shell of an offshore tank yard together with a seawall and has a water passage hole below the water surface, and a breakwater that faces the seawall and the seawall. It is constructed between the opposite part of
and a plurality of managed road bridges having oil-proof walls, a plurality of pairs of moored dolphins erected on the seabed near both ends of these managed road bridges, and a pair of moored dolphins arranged so as to sandwich each pair of moored dolphins from both sides, and A plurality of pairs of box-shaped offshore tank ships in which at least the bottom wall and the circumferential side walls are water-sealed with a double-hull structure, and a water tank is provided on the upper deck; The vessel is equipped with a mooring chain that moors the corner farthest from the dolphin to the dolphin, and a stationary oil fence that surrounds the tank ship together with the oil barrier.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained based on illustrated embodiments.

In the figure, 1 is a land management yard made of reclaimed land, 2
3 is a rectangular offshore oil tank yard according to the present invention provided on the sea side of the seawall 2, and 4 is a breakwater forming the outer shell of the tank yard 3, which is installed in a U-shape when viewed from above. Sign.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 2, this is a hybrid embankment with a structure in which a concrete caisson 6 is installed on an underwater mound 5 made of rubble.

This breakwater 4 also has oil leakage prevention joints at the joints of each caisson 6 so that it also functions as an oil barrier.

Breakwater 4 still has many water holes drilled under the water surface.

In this case, the water passage hole is of course provided at a position where oil leakage does not pass through.

Since seawater freely flows through this water hole, there is no fear that seawater pressure will be applied to the breakwater 4 due to the ebb and flow of the tide.

The tank ship is introduced into the tank yard 3 after the tank yard 3 is constructed.

Therefore, on one side of the breakwater 4, for example, the part facing the breakwater 40 that faces the seawall 2, a plurality of mooring caissons 47 are arranged at intervals slightly larger than the width of the tank ship, and the part between the caissons is closed off after the tank ship is introduced. It is made with a structure.

As a specific example of this cofferdam structure, a plurality of concrete caissons are sunk on the seabed mound 5 by internal water injection,
One example is a structure in which the sides of these caissons are connected with oil-proof plates to prevent oil leakage.

In this example, the closing structure can be installed relatively easily, and if it is still necessary to take the tank ship out of the tank yard 3, it can be removed relatively easily.

As an example other than the above, there is a structure in which oil-proof box-shaped doors made of steel or reinforced concrete with the required depth are arranged between the mooring caissons 47, and these are built above the sea surface by internal water injection. .

In this example, box doors can be more easily installed or removed by water injection or drainage, but their long spans create problems with buoyancy and gravity deflection with the tides, and even mooring. These countermeasures are necessary to avoid problems with the load on the caisson 4T.

This container box-shaped door is divided into a number of independent tanks in the length direction, and has a structure in which a buoyancy tank, a ballast tank, and a tank for communication with outside water are appropriately combined.

In addition, the mooring caisson 447 installed on the breakwater 4 mentioned above
It also has the function of mooring tank ships, as described below.

Reference numeral 7 designates four maintenance road bridges constructed between the seawall 2 and the opposing portion of the breakwater 40, which have lower halves submerged in the water, as shown in Figures 3 to 5. It has an oil-proof wall 8 that is submerged.

9 is a concrete pier top plate of the road bridge 7, 10 is a traffic road bridge installed thereon, 11 is an H-shaped steel mounting member fixed to the side of the pier top plate 9 with an anchor bolt 12, and 13 is a The underwater oil-proof wall 8 is attached to the pier top plate 9 by fixing the oil-proof wall mounting frame to the mounting member 11 via bolts 14, which has a truss structure.

15 Oil-proof plate to fill the gap between each piece of oil-proof wall 8, 1
Reference numeral 6 indicates a fixing bolt thereof, and reference numeral 17 indicates a column supporting the pier top plate 9.

This oil-proof wall 8 prevents oil leakage from spreading to other water areas within the tank yard 3.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a plurality of pairs of moored dolphins erected on the seabed near each end of the administrative road bridge 7, which are made of concrete caissons and are kept stable by their own weight.

Reference numeral 19 designates four pairs of box-shaped offshore tank ships arranged so as to sandwich the moored dolphins 18 from each side.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and γ, the bottom plate 20, the circumferential wall, that is, the ship's side wall 21, both end walls 48, and the transverse bulkhead 32 all have a double shell structure.

These double shells are always filled with seawater 22 and the water seal wall 2
3 is formed.

These water seal walls 23 are divided into upper and lower halves by a horizontal partition wall 24 at approximately the center of their depth, and are intended to reduce the water pressure due to the water seal when the cargo is empty.

25 is an upper deck longitudinal rib provided vertically on the lower surface of the upper deck 26; 27 is an upper deck transverse beam placed horizontally at a predetermined interval on the upper surface of the upper deck 26; has been done.

Reference numeral 28 denotes longitudinal coamings that are installed upright on both sides of the upper deck 26 and at appropriate positions in the middle.These longitudinal coamings 28 and horizontal coamings that are separately provided provide protection in the event of a fire. A water storage tank 29 is formed so that water can be sprinkled on the upper deck.

The water seal wall 23 and water storage tank 29 ensure sufficient safety against fire, explosion, oil leakage, etc.

Also, as shown in FIG. 7, both ends of each tank ship 190 are connected to the revetment wall 2 by means of vertical mooring chains 30 and 31.
and is moored to breakwater 4.

The interior of each tank ship 19 is divided into seven oil storage tanks 33 by six sets of horizontal bulkheads 32, as shown in FIG.
It also has two vertical water control bulkheads 34 in the length direction.

Each tank ship 19 can store 650,000 n of crude oil,
In addition, the full load drainage (22 m) is determined so that the bottom plate 20 will not come into contact with the seabed under any circumstances.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a horizontal mooring chain for mooring each box-shaped offshore tank ship 19 to the dolphin 18, and among the corner parts on both ends of each tank ship 19, the corner part farthest from the dolphin 18 is moored to the dolphin 18.

By this mooring chain 35, the box-shaped offshore tank ship 19
The chain 35 can easily move up and down, so the chain 35 can cope with large changes in the water of the ship, and there is no risk of loosening.

A stationary oil fence 36 surrounds each tank ship 19 and prevents oil leakage from spreading within the tank yard 3.

A tank ship 19 is disposed within an oil-proof compartment consisting of the oil fence 36 and the oil-proof wall 8 of the administrative road bridge 7.

This is made of noncombustible material, and as shown in FIG. 8, it consists of a tubular float 37, a vertical fence 3B connected above it, and a number of ribs 39 provided between them.

Further, the vertical fence 38 may have a corrugated plate shape as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, the tubular float 3T is curved or bent in the horizontal direction as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 to prevent the fence from tilting due to waves.

The tubular floats 37 are connected in a butt-like manner via connecting plates 40 provided at both ends.

41 is a connecting bolt. The fence 36 is also moored by wire or chain.

In Figure 1, 42 is a sea berth, 43 is a sea berth piping bridge, 44 is a tanker, 45 is a shipyard breakwater, and 4 is a sea berth.
6. It is a boat pool.

Since the tank yard according to the present invention is equipped with a fixed breakwater 4 that forms the outer shell of the offshore tank yard, it can completely stop large waves from the open ocean, and is particularly safe against wave pressure and wind pressure when an empty ship is swamping. It is possible to reliably guarantee the quality of the product.

Furthermore, since the water passage hole is opened below the water surface of the breakwater 4, there is no fear that seawater pressure will be applied to the breakwater 4 due to the ebb and flow of the tide.

Furthermore, since a plurality of maintenance road bridges 7 are provided within the tank yard, inspection, maintenance, repair work, etc. of various facilities such as conduits, cables, fire protection equipment, and lighting equipment can be easily carried out.

In addition, at least the bottom wall and the peripheral side walls of the tank ship 19 are constructed as water-sealed walls with a double shell structure, and a water storage tank 29 is provided on the upper deck 26, so that the tank ship 19 is safe from fires, explosions, oil leaks, etc. It is possible to reliably guarantee the quality of the product.

Also, since the mooring chain 35 is moored to the dolphin 18 at the farthest corner from the dolphin among the corners on both ends of the tank ship 19, the tank ship 19 can easily move up and down, and therefore the chain 35 can There is no risk of loosening at all.

In addition, there are 19 tank ships, 36 oil fences, and 7 administrative road bridges.
Because it is placed in an oil-proof compartment consisting of an oil-proof wall 8,
Even if oil leakage occurs in each tank ship 19, the oil leakage can be prevented from flowing out from the oil-proof compartment, and the spread of oil leakage within the tank yard 3 can be reliably prevented.

Furthermore, even if the oil fence 36 is damaged and oil leaks out of the fence, the oil barrier 8 can reliably prevent the oil from leaking into the adjacent compartment.

Therefore, even if a fire occurs due to oil leakage or a fire occurs in one tank ship 19, it is possible to reliably prevent the fire from spreading to other compartments.

Since this invention is configured as described above, each tank ship is securely moored and has extremely high safety against fires, explosions, oil leaks, etc., and oil prevention measures are taken by breakwaters, oil walls, and oil fences. Because they are double and triple-layered, even if oil leaks from the tank ship, there is no risk of it spreading outside the yard.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a plan view of a yard, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a breakwater, FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a management road, and FIG. Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the same part, Figure 5 is an enlarged plan view of the same part, Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of an offshore oil tank, Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the part of Figure 1, Figure 8, FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of the oil fence, and FIGS. 10 and 11 are plan views of the tubular float. 2... Seawall, 4... Breakwater, I... Management road bridge, 8... Oil bridge, 18... Dolphin, 19...
Box-shaped offshore tank ship, 29...water tank, 35...mooring chain, 36...oil fence.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Together with the seawall 2, it forms the outer shell of the offshore tank yard,
A fixed breakwater 4 having a water passage hole below the water surface, and a plurality of managed road bridges 7 constructed between the breakwater wall 2 and the facing portion of the breakwater 40 facing the same, and having an oil barrier 8. , and a plurality of pairs of moored dolphins 1B erected on the seabed near both ends of these managed road bridges 7, each pair of moored dolphins 1B is arranged so as to sandwich them from both sides, and at least the bottom wall and the circumferential side wall are A plurality of pairs of box-shaped offshore tank ships 19 have a water seal wall with a heavy hull structure and a water storage tank 29 is provided on the upper deck 26, and the dolphin-shaped offshore tank ships 19 have a dolphin structure in the corner portions on both ends of these box-shaped offshore tank ships 190. This tank yard for offshore stockpiling of flammable liquid is equipped with a mooring chain 35 mooring a corner part farthest from the dolphin 18 to a dolphin 18, and a stationary oil fence 36 surrounding a tank ship 19 together with the oil barrier 8.