JPS5913606B2 - Tank yard for offshore storage of flammable liquids - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tank yard for offshore storage of flammable liquids.

In recent years, offshore oil stockpiling has been considered in order to provide a stable and sustainable supply of oil and to safely store it.

Tank yards that meet this purpose are 500,000 to 800,000 km
Since several huge T-class tank ships are moored within the yard, if an accident were to occur, the resulting disaster would be enormous, so special disaster prevention measures are required.

For example, the draft of a large tank ship like the one mentioned above changes by 15 to 20 meters between when it is empty and when it is fully loaded, but even in this case, it is possible to prevent horizontal movement of the tank ship and ensure that even if it encounters a storm, it will It is important that the mooring is maintained and that if oil leaks or a fire breaks out from one tank ship, it is contained within the area around the tank ship and cannot be spread to other areas within the yard. It is necessary not only to prevent oil spills and the spread of disasters, but also to reliably prevent impacts outside the yard.

The conventionally known tank yard of this type is JP-A-52-5.
There is Publication No. 2216, but it does not clarify the problems of the above-mentioned tank ship mooring and disaster prevention structure.

The purpose of this invention is to study the above-mentioned tank ship mooring and oil barrier structure, and to provide a tank yard for offshore storage of flammable liquids that is suitable for offshore storage and has an excellent structure.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained based on illustrated embodiments.

In the figure, 1 is a land management yard made of reclaimed land, 2
3 is a rectangular offshore oil tank yard according to the present invention provided on the sea side of the sea wall 2, and 4 is a breakwater forming the outer shell of the tank yard 3 together with the sea wall 2.

The entire navigation door 3 may be surrounded only by a breakwater.

Breakwater 4. As shown in Fig. 2, it is a hybrid embankment with a structure in which concrete caissons 6 are installed in a row on an underwater mound 5 made of rubble.

In order to function as an oil-proof wall, joints for preventing oil leakage are provided at the joints of each caisson 6.

In addition, the breakwater 4 may have a large number of water holes formed below the water surface.

In this case, the water passage hole is of course provided at a position where oil leakage does not pass through.

Since seawater freely flows through this water hole, there is no fear that seawater pressure will be applied to the breakwater 4 due to the ebb and flow of the tide.

Generally, after constructing the tank yard 3, a tank ship 9, which will be described later, is introduced into the yard 3. Therefore, one side of the bent breakwater 4, for example, the opposing part 4a facing the seawall 2, has a width slightly larger than the width of the tank ship 9. Caisson T moored with large intervals
The structure is such that the part between them is closed off after the tank ship 9 is introduced.

A specific example of this is a structure in which a plurality of concrete caissons are submerged on the seabed mound 5 and the sides between each caisson are connected with oil-proof plates to prevent oil leakage.

In this example, the construction is relatively easy, and even when it is necessary to pull out the tank ship 9 from the tank yard 3, the oil-proof plate can be relatively easily removed.

Another specific example is a structure in which a box-shaped door made of steel or reinforced concrete and having an appropriate height for oil-proofing is installed between each mooring caisson 7 for water injection.

In the case of this example, installation and removal are made easier by water injection and drainage, but since the span is long, there are problems with buoyancy due to the ebb and flow of the tide and deflection due to gravity, and problems with the load on the mooring caisson 7. Measures are required.

For this reason, the box-shaped door is divided into a number of independent tanks in the length direction, and the structure is such that a buoyancy tank, a ballast tank, and a tank that communicates with outside water are appropriately combined.

The mooring caisson 7 provided on the breakwater 4 also has the function of mooring a tank ship, as will be described later.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a plurality of pairs of mooring dolphins made of concrete caissons, which are arranged at predetermined intervals in the tank yard 3 so as to sandwich a tank ship 9 (described later) at both ends in the width direction, and are stably installed on the seabed by their own weight. ing.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a box-shaped offshore tank ship placed between each pair of moored dolphins 8, and as shown in FIGS. Both of the horizontal bulkheads 13 and 13 have a double shell structure.

These double shells are always filled with seawater and water seal tank 1
4 is formed.

These water seal tanks 14 have a horizontal partition wall 1 at approximately the center of the depth.
It is divided into upper and lower halves by 5, and is designed to reduce water pressure due to water sealing when empty.

16 is an upper deck longitudinal rib provided vertically on the lower surface of the upper deck 17, and 18 is an upper deck transverse beam placed on the upper surface of the upper deck 17 at a predetermined interval in the width direction. has been done.

Reference numeral 19 denotes longitudinal coamings that are installed upright on both sides of the upper deck 17 and at appropriate positions in the middle.These longitudinal coamings 19 and horizontal coamings that are installed separately provide protection in the event of a fire. A water tank 20 is formed so that water can be poured onto the upper deck.

These water seal tank 14 and water storage tank 20 ensure sufficient safety against fire, explosion, oil leakage, etc.

Further, the interior of each tank ship 9 has six horizontal bulkheads 13 and two longitudinal water control bulkheads 21, as shown in FIG. 4, and is divided into a large number of oil storage tanks 22 by these.

Each tank ship 9 can store 650,000 kt of crude oil, and is designed to have a full capacity (22 m) so that the bottom plate 10 will not come into contact with the seabed under any circumstances.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 23 denotes a plurality of mooring chains that connect both sides of the central part of the length of each tank ship 9 to the mooring dolphin 8. These chains allow the tank ship 9 to cope with large changes in water. The chain is designed to be able to move up and down without causing any slack.

In FIGS. 5 to 7, reference numeral 24 denotes a plurality of managed road bridges constructed in pairs on a plurality of pairs of moored dolphins 8,
Each end is a facing part 4a of the seawall 2 and the breakwater 4, respectively.
It extends to

Reference numeral 25 denotes a plurality of oil-proof walls that are continuously arranged with gaps in the length direction on one side of the administrative road bridge 24, and the lower ends thereof are submerged in water.

26 is the concrete pier top plate of the administrative road bridge 24, 27
28 is the pier top plate 26.
A mounting member made of H-shaped steel is fixed to the side with anchor bolts 29, and 30 is a mounting frame for an oil-proof wall having a truss structure, which is fixed to the mounting member 28 via bolts 31 to provide underwater protection. An oil wall 25 is attached to the pier top plate 26.

32 is an oil-proof plate for filling the gap between the intervening oil-proof walls 25; 33
34 is the same nut, 35 is the pier top plate 2
This is a support that supports 6.

This oil-proof wall 25 prevents oil leakage from spreading to other water areas within the tank yard 3.

In addition, the oil barrier is a type of oil barrier floating on the ocean below the administrative road bridge 24.Although not shown in Figure 1, there is a fixed oil barrier installed around each tank ship 9 as shown in Figure 8. A type oil boom 36 may also be provided.

This is made of noncombustible material, and includes a tubular float 37, a vertical fence 38 connected above and below it, and a large number of ribs 39 provided across the float 37 and the fence 38.
It consists of

The vertical fence 38 may also be made of corrugated sheet metal as shown in the figure.

Furthermore, the tubular float 37 is curved or bent in the horizontal direction, as shown in Figures C and 2, to prevent the fence from tilting due to waves.

The tubular floats 37 are connected in a butt-like manner via connecting plates 40 provided at both ends.

41 is a connecting bolt.

The fence 36 is also moored by wire or chain.

By installing this oil fence 36, even if an oil leak occurs in each tank ship 9, the oil fence 36
It is possible to prevent oil from flowing out from the area surrounded by 6.

In addition, in Fig. 1, 42 is a sea berth, 43 is a sea berth pipe bridge, 44 is a tanker, 45 is a shipyard breakwater, and 4 is a sea berth.
6 is a boat pool.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, each tank ship 9 can be reliably moored, and extremely high safety can be ensured against fires, explosions, oil leaks, etc.

In addition, since the breakwater 4 and the oil barrier wall 25 provide double and triple oil prevention measures, even if oil leaks from the tank ship 9, it will surely prevent the oil from spreading outside the yard 3. I can do it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a plan view of a yard, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a breakwater, Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an offshore oil tank, and Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of an offshore oil tank. Figure 5 is a side view of the maintenance road bridge, Figure 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the same part, Figure 7 is an enlarged plan view of the same part, Figure 8 A is a partial perspective view of the oil fence. Figures 1 and 2 are plan views of the tubular float. 2... Seawall, 3... Tank yard,
4... Breakwater, 8... Moored dolphin. 9... Box-shaped offshore tank ship, 23... Mooring chain, 24... Management road bridge, 25...
...Oilproof wall.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A seawall 2 and a breakwater 4 forming the outer shell of an offshore tank yard 3, a plurality of pairs of mooring dolphins 8 arranged at predetermined intervals in the same yard 3 so as to sandwich the tank ship in the width direction at both ends thereof, and each of these pairs. A plurality of box-shaped offshore tank ships 9 each arranged between a pair of moored dolphins 8 and having at least a bottom wall and a circumferential side wall having a double shell structure, and a central portion of the length of these tank ships 9. A plurality of mooring chains 23 connecting both sides and each mooring dolphin 8, each pair being installed on the plurality of pairs of mooring dolphins 8,
A plurality of managed road bridges 24 each extending to the seawall 2 and breakwater 4 at both ends, and which are attached to these managed road bridges 24 and whose lower ends are submerged in water or floating on the ocean below the bridges 24. A tank yard for offshore stockpiling of flammable liquids, consisting of an oil-proof wall 25.