JPS5818054B2 - How to dispose of poultry and livestock waste - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method for processing poultry and livestock waste (excluding feathers), and its purpose is to efficiently produce feed such as meat bone meal of good quality and animal fats and oils. It's where it's manufactured.

Poultry other than feathers, livestock waste, such as heads, legs, bones, inedible internal organs of chickens in broiler factories, inedible internal organs produced from livestock processing, waste chickens, meat of dead animals, etc. (hereinafter referred to as these) Various methods of producing feed or oil and fat products such as meat bone meal from raw materials (collectively referred to as raw materials) have been studied in the past, and many research results have been published.

Among them, a method called the rendering method is a method in which the raw materials are dried in a pot equipped with an indirect heating device without being pulverized, while being stirred and indirectly heated, and then separated into protein feed and oil and fat products using a deoiling machine. Since it is relatively efficient and can process large amounts of livestock, it has begun to be installed in many livestock processing plants.

However, this method is far from perfect and has the following drawbacks, for example.

In other words, (1) processing time is long, (2) products (protein feed, oils and fats) are heavily oxidized, (3) it is difficult to treat the malodorous gas generated, (4) there is a large loss of active ingredients such as protein, etc. It is.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present inventors have conducted research and found that by pulverizing the raw material and bringing it into contact with superheated steam, the raw material can be rapidly thermally denatured, sterilized, and dried, and furthermore, protein and oil can be separated. The present invention was completed based on the findings that the product has extremely good properties, can easily collect malodorous gases, and can suppress oxidation of the product.

That is, the present invention provides poultry, which is characterized by pulverizing poultry and livestock waste (excluding feathers) and heating and drying it by contacting it with superheated steam at normal pressure of 120°C to 200°C for 15 to 60 minutes. This is a method of processing livestock waste.

The present invention will be specifically explained below according to the flow sheet shown in FIG.

First, the raw material is pulverized using a suitable pulverizer 1, such as a mincer.

The purpose of this pulverization process is to efficiently deodorize, dry, and remove oil from the raw materials, while at the same time reducing the loss of active ingredients.
Do this until it passes through a 15-mm mesh.

If this pulverization is not carried out, it will take a long time to dry, and if the pulverization is too fine, the whole product will become lump-like, resulting in the same result as if it were not pulverized, so it is preferable to pulverize within the above-mentioned range.

The raw material thus pulverized is put into a heating device 2 having a stirring device, and at the same time superheated steam 4 is supplied to the heating device.

The heating device is preferably an indirect heating device, for example, one having a jacket, and by introducing steam or the like into the jacket to indirectly heat the raw material, the efficiency of heating drying can be increased.

The superheated steam supplied to the heating device together with the raw materials has a normal pressure of 12
0°C or higher, preferably 140°C to 180°C, and the contact time varies depending on the type of raw material, steam temperature, etc., but is approximately 15 minutes to 60 minutes.

Chicken feathers, a type of poultry and livestock waste, are mainly composed of keratin, and unless they are treated at high temperature and pressure, they will not decompose and cannot be used as feed.

However, since the present invention targets poultry and livestock waste excluding feathers, the mild processing conditions described above are sufficient, and if the processing is carried out under the same conditions as when converting feathers into feed, scorching may occur instead. This is not desirable.

The raw material that comes into contact with the superheated steam while being stirred in this manner is thermally denatured and sterilized at the same time, and the moisture in the raw material is removed by the superheated steam.

In addition, water containing fats and oils and proteins oozes out due to heat contraction of the raw materials, but since the raw materials are pulverized, these are retained between the raw material particles, and solid-liquid separation within the heating device is prevented. The drying process progresses quickly and the subsequent oil removal step can be carried out efficiently.

The raw material from which moisture has been removed by contact with superheated steam is separated into protein feed 8 and fats and oils 9 by a deoiling machine 3, and these are used as respective products.

In the method of the present invention, the raw material is pulverized in advance before the heat treatment, so there is no need for pulverization during this deoiling treatment, and the raw material can be immediately subjected to the deoiling step.

Therefore, in combination with the fact that the heat treatment is carried out using superheated steam, there is little opportunity for the raw material to come into contact with air during the treatment process, and the resulting product is of high quality with very little oxidation.

Note that when the amount of oil and fat contained in the raw material is small, there is no need to perform oil removal treatment.

On the other hand, the superheated steam that has come into contact with the raw material contains moisture and foul-smelling gases that were removed from the raw material, but due to the nature of superheated steam, most of it is easily condensed and liquefied in the condenser 5, and can be easily treated with ordinary wastewater treatment equipment. At the same time, you can
Almost no odor is emitted around the treatment plant, greatly improving work environment.

As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, poultry and livestock waste can be processed by a simple method of pulverizing raw materials and bringing them into contact with superheated steam, and moreover, it is possible to efficiently produce high-quality feed such as meat bone meal. and animal fats and oils can be obtained, and this invention is industrially very effective.

Examples are shown below.

Example 1 Raw material 5 K9 containing chicken heads, legs, guts, and inedible internal organs produced at a broiler processing plant in weight ratios of 15, 15 and 45.25 inches, respectively, was prepared using a screen of 10 mm. The mixture was pulverized using a pulverizer (Model MBC, manufactured by Tekkosho Co., Ltd.) and continuously fed at a rate of 2 Kp/hr to a heating device having a paddle type stirrer and a jacket.

At the same time, superheated steam at normal pressure heated to 165°C is supplied from the raw material inlet at a rate of 1 Kg/hr to directly heat the raw material, and saturated steam of 9/cr/18 (gauge) is passed into the jacket for indirect heating. I did this.

The heating time (residence time in the heating device) of the raw material was 30 minutes.

After the heat treatment, the mixture was deoiled using a deoiling machine (expeller) to obtain meat bone meal and chicken oil.

On the other hand, as a control, meat bone meal and chicken oil were obtained in the same manner as above except that superheated steam was not supplied (only indirect heating from the jacket) and the heating time was 3 hours.

The results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from Table 1, the method of the present invention can dry raw materials to a moisture content of about 3% in a short heat treatment of 30 minutes, and the resulting meat bone meal and chicken oil are of excellent quality. there were.

In particular, chicken oil has a low peroxide value and a beautiful yellow color, so it can be effectively used as a cooking fat.

Example 2 A raw material containing chicken head, 30% legs, 44% chicken, and 26 parts of inedible internal organs was ground in a grinder with an 8 mm f screen, and heated in the same manner as used in Example 1. It was continuously supplied to the equipment at a rate of 2 Kmhr.

At the same time, 1 liter of superheated steam at normal pressure and 170°C is supplied from the raw material inlet.
．． The raw material was directly heated by supplying the raw material at a rate of 0 Kp/hr, and cooking oil heated to 170°C was circulated through the jacket, and the raw material was heated while stirring for 40 minutes (residence time in the heating device: 40 minutes). When this was carried out, the heat-treated raw material was discharged from the heating device at a rate of 8009/hr.

This is deoiled in a deoiling machine and made into meat bone meal for 400 yen.
9/hr, 400 as chicken oil. F/hr was obtained.

These component analysis values are shown in Table 2.

The peroxide value of the chicken oil was 6.7.

On the other hand, the superheated steam discharged from the heating device is condensed in a condenser, and there is almost no bad odor in the workplace, and the condensed liquid has a BOD of 830 ppm.

COD 580ppm, normal hexane extract 238
4, and could be easily treated with ordinary wastewater treatment equipment.

Example 3 The inside of a waste egg-laying chicken was crushed using a crusher having a screen of 151n1nf, and the same heating device as used in Example 1 was used to heat the raw material at a feed rate of 2.5 9/hr. Steam supply amount normal pressure 160°C, 1.2. Kp/hr
, when heat treated with stirring under indirect heating conditions of 170°C using a jacket and heating time of 20 minutes, the result was 0.8.
Meat meal was obtained at K9/hr.

The analytical values are shown in Table 3.

Example 4 A mixture of inedible internal organs produced when slaughtering a cow for consumption was
The material was pulverized using a pulverizer with a rnmf screen, and using the same heating device as used in Example 1, the raw material supply rate was 2.0 Kg/hr, and the superheated steam supply rate was 1 at normal pressure.
80℃, 1.3Kp/hr, 5 on the jacket,
When the mixture was heated indirectly through saturated steam of 9/cyn'' (gauge) and heated with stirring for a heating time of 40 minutes, meat meal was obtained at 0.52 Kp/hr.

The analytical values are shown in Table 4.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of the method of the present invention. 1...Crusher, 2...Heating device, 3.
...Oil removal machine, 4...Superheated steam machine, 5...
...Condenser, 6...Noncondensable gas treatment, 7.
...Wastewater treatment, 8...Protein feed, 9...
...Oils and fats.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for treating poultry and livestock waste, which comprises pulverizing poultry and livestock waste other than feathers, and heating and drying the resulting product by contacting it with superheated steam at normal pressure of 120 to 180° C. for 15 to 60 minutes.