JPS5819035B2 - Heat exchanger and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat exchanger and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a heat exchanger in which it is desired to transfer heat between a liquid and a gas or vapor.

Countercurrent type prior art heat exchangers] In which the temperature difference between the liquid heating medium or coolant (as the case may be) and the discharged gas or steam is a few degrees.

Tubes in the form of several pipes parallel to each other are provided with fins, or serpentine tubes are likewise provided with fins, or tubes forming a series of bends in substantially the same plane are similarly provided with fins. Even with a heat exchanger equipped with a heat exchanger, the temperature difference is excessive.

Increasing the pressure to force the flow of liquid through a tube or pipe or gas or vapor through an area around the pipe increases heat transfer enough to justify the expense of additional pumping equipment or blowers. do not have.

Furthermore, unless this unit is extremely powerful and expensive, heat exchangers do not effectively transfer heat between liquids and fluids such as gases or vapors using low energy differences.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a new heat exchanger; a heat exchanger of the above type which provides a high efficiency, as indicated by the temperature difference between the internal liquid and the external fluid. to provide; a layer of mesh material through which gas or vapor passes;

The present invention provides a heat exchanger as described above, which includes a mesh layer; and a heat exchanger as described above, in which the mesh layer has an improved heat transfer relationship with a pipe or serpentine pipe through which a liquid flows. We propose a heat exchanger such as the one described above that can be used in a wide range of applications.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger of the above type which can be manufactured economically and used effectively and efficiently.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a new method for manufacturing a heat exchanger as described above; to provide a method as described above which is easy to carry out; It is an object of the present invention to provide a method as described above in which an excellent connection for heat transfer is obtained between the strand or deformable elongated mesh element and the tube or serpentine tube through which the liquid passes; The objective is to provide a method of the above type that provides reliable results.

A heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a hollow serpentine tube comprising a series of turns connected to each other in a substantially parallel helical relationship and through which a liquid is passed for the transfer of heat; mutual t
This has a strand or elongated network element which is compressed and deformed between adjacent turns, and which is compressed and deformed between adjacent turns. a series of mesh members or net layers extending across a central cavity within said serpentine tubes; a device laterally surrounding said serpentine tubes and mesh members; and a device for laterally surrounding said serpentine tubes and mesh members; a deformed and compressed state of the mesh so as to flow through the mesh member in a direction transverse to the plane of the turns of the coil; Each end of the serpentine tube is placed between each end of the serpentine tube to maintain compressive contact of the deformed strands with the windings of the serpentine tube by constraining the mesh to conduct heat along the strands between the ends of the strands. and a perforated device that engages the mesh.

The method of manufacturing a heat exchanger according to the present invention is characterized in that multiple layers of deformable mesh having strands, ie, mesh layers having elongated mesh elements, are separated from each other in a hollow serpentine tube through which a heat exchange liquid is to flow. , inserting one adjacent turn I of the connected substantially parallel turns I and across the space enclosed by said turn I;
until the distance between adjacent turns decreases and the mesh layer is compressed and deformed between the turns and towards each other until it comes into contact with the turns. , applying a compressive force to the network layer in one direction; compressive contact of the deformed mesh component with the deformed and compressed state of the mesh layer and the windings of the serpentine tube so as to conduct heat along the mesh component between the hollow spaces and suppressing the network layer to maintain the same.

The accomplishment of the above and additional novel features will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawing 1.

□This invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3. The heat exchanger E thus constructed has a flexible tube C embedded in a mesh-like heat transfer medium H and in contact with the mesh-like heat transfer medium H. Contains.

As shown in FIG. 2, the serpentine tube C has a plurality of windings having a substantially rectangular shape, including side portions 10 and end portions 11 connected to each other by curved 90° corners 12. Although it will be appreciated that many other shapes may also prove desirable and more than one serpentine may be utilized.

Metsush, a thermal transformation medium, is a part of the snake tube and a interconnection of the snake tube, and the curl of the snake pipe is appropriate for the side wall of the housing 16 and 17, for example, the point welding 151. Top perforated plate 13 to which is attached
and the bottom perforated plate 14 are maintained in a fastened state.

The housing also includes a front wall 18 and a rear wall 19 as well as a top wall 20 and a bottom wall 21.

For convenience of the following discussion, side wall 16 is integral with front wall 18 and side wall 17 is integral with rear wall 19, so that the two resulting chevron wall sections are shown in FIG. ] These welds 221 are connected at one impact retraction part 1 which is opposite to each other.

The cavity between the top perforated plate 13 and the top wall 20 constitutes an inlet chamber or manifold, and the inlet opening 23 provided in the rear wall 191 provides an inlet vibrator or inlet opening 23 for a fluid such as gas or vapor, e.g. air. So.

one similar one is connected, so that the gas or vapor enters the upper manifold and then (in the area of the turns of the corrugated tube C) one mesh-like heat transfer medium H is connected to each corrugated tube. The third
Figure] One step ahead as shown by the arrow.

The windings of the coiled pipe and the outside of each wall flow.

Similarly, an outlet manifold is formed adjacent to the bottom between the bottom perforated plate 14 and the bottom wall 21.

Gases or vapors, such as air, can be supplied with suitable pipes or tubes, if necessary.

into this outlet manifold from the heat transfer material H for discharge through an outlet opening 24 provided in the mounted rear wall 19 for conducting the heat transfer material H to the point of use.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the inlet 25 and outlet 26 for the flexible tube C are arranged in lower and upper positions so as to provide countercurrent flow of liquid and gas. It extends through the front wall 18 at.

The gas or steam inlet is at the bottom and the outlet is at the top I
In this case, the liquid in the corrugated tube is discharged into pipe 26 and flows out through pipe 25.

Of course, this heat exchanger need not be placed with the longitudinal axis of the serpentine tubes in the vertical position as shown; It can be arranged as follows.

A screen 27 for firmly holding the net material H between the bottom perforated plate 14 and the top perforated plate is provided not only between the bottom perforated plate 14 and the net material H but also between the top perforated plate and the net material H. This may be intervened.

Plates 13 and 14 may be any type of perforated plate, but an expanded metal plate with a solid edge for welding to the interior of the housing will have a minimum resistance to gas or steam flow. The resistor has been found to be particularly effective in holding and maintaining the heat transfer material securely within the unit.

Interposed above the top perforated plate 13 is a filter 28, FIG. It's okay.

Hole 1 for the purpose of inspecting and cleaning the filter 28
The inlet aperture 23 may be made slightly larger than necessary for steam or gas flow so that a removable inlet/outlet connection can be installed.

If desired, a removable doorway plate may be incorporated into the top wall 20 for the same purpose.

The windings of the flexible tube C are arranged so as to provide a gap of a considerable distance, for example, a distance greater than the diameter of the tube as shown in FIG. It can be initially formed or pulled apart.

Then, for example, several layers 30 of uncompressed mesh of the type described above.
are inserted between adjacent windings, and the intersection of the mesh layer with the opposite end 11 of the corrugated pipe is suitably processed through the narrow gap 31t as shown in FIG. Ru.

As is clear from FIG. 4, from this slit 1, a series of uncompressed MEC layers 30, which in the uncompressed state are preferably somewhat thicker than the individual windings of the serpentine tubes, are formed between the adjacent serpentine tubes. I was forced to place one in between.

A further uncompacted layer 30' is placed over the top of the uppermost tube, and a similar set of mesh layers is placed below the lowermost tube so that the tube has a top-bottom connection along its entire length. Both are bent to engage the mesh.

According to the present invention, the turns of the flexible tube C are compressed together with the mesh layer 30 which has not yet been compressed. A compressed mesh layer 32 is formed between the windings of C and over a considerable area around the windings of the flexible tube C.

As a result, not only do threads, strands, filaments or wires of the strands of the mesh in some cases come into contact with the windings of the corrugated pipe, but also that within the compression zone there is almost no solid material. One thing you can do is make contact.

Of course, if a liquid is flowed through the corrugated tube C and a fluid such as a gas or vapor, e.g. The conduit will include a central area within the serpentine tube and an outer area around the periphery of the serpentine tube.

The corrugated tube C and mesh layer 30 may be formed from any suitable material.

When cooling air with water, the preferred material for the corrugated tube C is copper due to its high thermal conductivity and malleability, and the preferred material for the strands of mesh layer 30 is also high thermal conductivity and malleability. It is copper as well because of its tendency to stay in any position when crushed or bent.

The nature of these copper meshes allows a relatively large amount of heat to flow between the tube C and the perforated material H in either direction.

However, if a mesh formed from aluminum strands is used, the higher thermal conductivity of copper and the resulting higher heat transfer S because aluminum is the device.
Economies in manufacturing costs are obtained that are offset by efficiency.

Except for the compressed threads or strands of the mesh layer, the wires, the net constituent elements of the mesh layer, etc., between the turns of the flexible tube C, as shown in FIG. Since the initial thickness of the intervening layers is greater than the diameter of the five turns, there will be some compression of the remainder of each layer 30 both within the periphery of the serpentine tube and outside the periphery of the serpentine tube.

With this compression of the mesh layers towards each other at points spaced from the serpentine, heat can be transferred by conduction between the strands of one mesh layer and the strands of the adjacent mesh layer. Therefore, it is clear that heat exchange is further promoted.

A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger according to the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 6-8].

As mentioned above, the mesh layer 30 has slits 31 so that each successive layer and turn can be very easily placed in a predetermined position for compression. The ends of each winding are arranged between adjacent spiral windings.

After another additional layer 30' has been placed on the top and bottom of the tube, the screen 27 is attached to the top perforated plate 13 and the bottom perforated plate 14 to form both the bottom and top mesh layers.
This can be placed here.

Next, this structure is as shown in FIG.
It has jaws 35 and 36 which are moved in mutual direction in order to simultaneously constrain both the corrugated tube and the perforated material H from the state shown in FIG. 4 to the state shown in FIG. It is usually hydraulic and is located inside the press.

The mesh layer bulges outwardly at different points around the periphery of the compressed structure as a result of compression, but the side, front and end walls bulge outward to further compress the bulge. Turn said outward bulge inwards (
A push-in block of wood and a hammer or other tool may be utilized.

Since the copper meshes mentioned above usually retain their tucked position, this type of method is suitable for one-tenth of cases.

While the structure is still compressed, and after the bulge has been corrected, the chevron members, on the one hand forming the side walls 16 and the front wall 18 and on the other hand forming the side walls 17 and the rear wall 19, is pushed into place).

Front wall 18 has suitable slots for inlet and outlet pipes 25 and 26.

The side walls are pressed against each other by, for example, conventional clamps 37 and 381 of FIGS. 7 and 8, and clamps 39 and 40 of FIG. 8 engage front and rear walls 18 and 191, respectively.

The clamp 40 is provided with holes 41 corresponding to the protruding pipes 25 and 261.

The above-mentioned pairs of clamps 37, 38 and 39, 40 are pushed toward each other until the inside of the walls of the housing substantially abuts or closely abuts the periphery of the perforated plates 13 and 14. Move the chevron member diagonally.

At this stage I, the abutting edges of the chevron member are welded, for example at 22, and the edges of the perforated plate are tack welded to the inside of the side walls 16 and 17, for example by spot welding 15 in FIG.

The structure □ is then released from the clamps and presses, and at this time the top plate 20 and the bottom plate 21 can be attached, for example, to the previously assembled wall.

The manufacturing method described above can be modified slightly as follows.

That is, one winding of the flexible pipe C is separated or spaced apart from the winding next to it, and a corresponding mesh layer is inserted between the separated windings, and the mesh layer is separated. is compressed between the above-mentioned windings, and after that, the above-mentioned adjacent winding and the adjacent winding J are separated, and 1 between these windings is compressed.
It can be manufactured by sequentially inserting and compressing the corresponding mesh layer.

Although the multiple turns of the flexible tube may be separated from each other from the beginning, as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable that the multiple turns of the flexible tube It is preferable that the wires are initially wound close to each other.

If the mesh is wound in such a manner, the compressive force can be reduced by a small amount when compressing one corresponding mesh layer between windings as described above.

According to the above-mentioned manufacturing 1, at first, the mesh layer is a perforated plate 14.
(If a screen 27 is provided with the top 1 of the perforated plate 14, one screen 27 is placed between the screen 27) and the lowest turn at the bottom of the corrugated tube, and two at the bottom of the The windings rest on the arranged mesh layer.

The next (lowest turn here) is separated from the turn above it while maintaining a parallel relationship with the turn above it.

Thereafter, Ith mesh layer is inserted between the bottom turn and the turn above it.

Simultaneously with its insertion, a pressure plate is placed one below the upper winding.

Next, jaws 36, as shown in FIG. 6, are moved upwardly to compress the mesh layer around the bottom turn.

At this time, the uppermost winding of the flexible tube is pressed by the jaws 35 and receives the reaction force.

Firstly, this pressure plate is removed and the second turn from the bottom and the turn above it are replaced with one turn as described above.
At a distance, the next mesh layer and this pressure plate are inserted between them, and this mesh layer is compressed one turn around the second to bottom turn in the same manner as described above.

At this time, the mesh layer inserted between the bottom turn and the turn above it and already compressed around the bottom turn is also inserted into the second turn from the bottom. The entire circumference is compressed at the same time.

In this way, 1. The bottom turn and the second turn from the bottom are separated, a mesh layer and a pressure plate are inserted between them, the mesh layer is compressed once around the bottom turn, and then the pressure plate is compressed from below. The second winding and the third winding from the bottom are separated and the next mesh layer and pressure plate are inserted between them, and this mesh layer and the previous mesh layer are placed around the second winding from the bottom ( This is compressed, and so on, working upward one by one, and finally, inserting the last net layer between the uppermost winding and the screen 27 and the perforated plate 13, and applying this to the uppermost layer. 1 to compress around a certain turn
That's why you rub it.

An advantage of this procedure is that the pressure required to compress only a few layers of mesh is much less than the pressure required to compress the entire structure one layer at a time.

Thus, the force that needs to be generated from, for example, 361 more is correspondingly reduced by 1, so that the required hydraulic or screw pressure is reduced and the stress-bearing part of the press or the like is is reduced in size.

When the mesh layers are successively inserted between the windings of the coiled tube separated from each other, the slots 31 in FIG.
If provided, the mesh layer would pass through one side of the other end of each turn.

However, if said slit is not provided, said mesh layer would extend one turn outwardly of said corrugated tube in said direction I, except where said turns are engaged. will simply be extruded around the other end.

The small void left at this location is therefore filled with additional mesh material and compressed by winding.
The mesh may then be strained to fill all voids inside the housing.

After the above insertion, compression, and filling of voids, the photon is 1
The chevron-shaped housing member is positioned and pressed against the mesh, the abutting edges are welded, and then the perforated plate is spot-welded to the chevron-shaped member.

It goes without saying that the inlet 25 and outlet 26 of the corrugated pipe are guided through holes provided for the purpose of guiding the front plate 181 while the chevron is being pushed towards the mesh.

After the perforated plates 13 and 14 are temporarily welded at one predetermined position, I
The clamps or jaws holding the serpentine and mesh structure in a compressed state are then removed and the top 2
0 and bottom 21 can be welded in place.

In the other heat exchanger structure 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a pair of flexible tubes C' connected through a connecting pipe 441 are made of, for example, a woven wire cloth. The perforated transmission material H, consisting of a deformable mesh layer, can be mounted in laterally spaced relationship with each other.

- one serpentine tube C'6i has a population 45 and the other serpentine tube has an outlet 46, although the inlet and outlet may be reversed.

In one corrugated tube, the liquid flows in the opposite direction to the gas or vapor, while in the other corrugated tube the flow is reversed.

This ensures that the flow through at least one serpentine is countercurrent regardless of which inlet or outlet is used.

Each tube is generally rectangular in shape, and the spaced apart and generally parallel ends and sides of the tubes are otherwise spirally ascending.

The mesh layer is inserted between two spiral tubes spaced apart from each other by a distance of only one inch larger than their respective diameters, as shown in the figure. A pair of slits 4 made so as to overlap the ends of the adjacent flexible tubes 4
7 is provided.

As before, additional mesh layers may be placed both above and below the corrugated tube, and the corrugated tube and mesh layer are compressed between the top perforated plate 48 and the bottom perforated plate 49. If desired, a screen 27' may be interposed between the perforated plate and the mesh.

The structure is then compressed until the mesh layers between the mutually spaced serpentine tubes are compressed and tightened, such that not only the wires or network elements of the mesh are in pressure contact with the respective serpentine tubes, but also the mesh layers are compressed and tightened. The surface area of each flexible tube that is contacted by layer 1 is increased.

The air or gas inlet 23' may be located at an upper location in the rear wall 19', but the front wall 18' also has holes or slots that receive the inlet 45 and outlet 46 for the serpentine tubes. Also provided.

A lower outlet opening 24' for the discharge of air or other gas or fluid may be provided in the side wall 17' or formed between the lower perforated plate 49 and the bottom wall 21'. Any other suitable location within the skin surrounding the outlet manifold may be provided.

The cavity between the upper perforated plate 48 and the top wall 20' serves as an inlet manifold, and the inlet opening 23' may be moved to any desired position around said artificial manifold.

The steps for fastening the structure of mesh layers, corrugated pipes and perforated plates are similar to those described above, namely, first compressing the structure by a portion of its initial height and then laterally compressing the structure. This may be done by pushing the bulge inward once and tightening the chevron plate against the compressed structure 1 as described above.

As before, once the desired compression has been obtained, the top and bottom perforated plates are attached to the inside of the side walls 16' and 17', e.g. by spot welds or tack welds, and adjacent to the angle members. The edge is again attached, for example by welding 22'1, or the corresponding mesh layer is similarly attached.
11-13] may be inserted and compressed between the individual pairs of serpentine windings in sequence, as previously mentioned. In this type, two sets of coiled tubes C'' are provided, each set having three coiled tubes, each set of coiled tubes having a direction of air flow indicated by the arrow I. On the other hand, an upper inlet manifold 55 and a lower outlet manifold 56 are connected in parallel, and an inlet vibrator 45' and an outlet vibrator 46' are connected to the manifolds I, respectively.

Because of the counterflow of air or other gas or fluid, the inlet and outlet manifolds for oil are reversed to provide countercurrent flow.

Again, the heat transfer material H is bonded to each other of each serpentine tube (to provide greater contact area of the material with the serpentine tube and compression of the strands or wires of the mesh against the windings). One trowel compression is applied between adjacent turns.

Each set of three serpentine tubes is designed to increase the effective area of the serpentine tubes.
These can be placed side by side and end to end so that the manifolds 55 and 56 are placed at each end of the housing within which the flexible tubes are mounted. .

The housing includes end plates 57 each having a flange and a bolt connection device 61 as shown.
1 side plate 58 and top and bottom plates 59 and 60
and! These are removably connected.

The bottom plate 60 is provided with an air or fluid inlet 63 and the top plate 59 is provided with an air or fluid outlet 64.

The two sets of above-mentioned flexible pipes have flanges 6 at each end) extending on each side.
6, and is separated from the web plate 651 having an end plate 5.
7 is a flange 66' extending inwardly from each end edge I.
It is equipped with

Top perforated plate 68 and bottom perforated plate 6 for each set of flexible tubes
9 is the heat exchange material H until the edges of the perforated plate can be welded to the corresponding flanges 66 and 66'.
In order to keep the heat exchange material H1 in a compressed state, the screen 27'' is held against the heat exchange material H1.

-■- or 1111□ Prior to the compression of the heat exchange material H in the flexible tube C", a series of rods 70 are inserted into the approximately rectangular flexible tube C" as shown in FIG. One piece of the mesh material is pushed along each of the longer sides.

During compression of the mesh material and the serpentine tube, the mesh material will hold the rod in place such that the mesh material prevents lateral movement of the serpentine tube.

Rondoor 0 preferably has one screen facing each other 27"
, thus making it possible to avoid interfering with the compression or installation of perforated plates 68 and 69 in their final position.

A filter 71 may be placed in the air inlet area of the heat exchange material H to prevent foreign matter from becoming lodged within the heat exchange material.

One filter 7 may be placed in the S frame 72.

of that filter. A support shoulder is provided for the (
Conventional equipment for removing filter 71 for inspection and/or cleaning may be provided.

On the other hand, other methods of compressing the mesh layer than those already mentioned may be used.

Furthermore, the materials of which these cities are constructed may be varied depending on the nature of the fluid passing through the pipes or the gas or vapor passing through the perforated material, or both.

Aluminum or other light materials for certain fluids.

It is preferable to use metals or alloys.

For other fluids, it is desirable to use stainless steel or other corrosion resistant materials such as Monel metal.

In other instances it may be desirable to use titanium or selenium or other materials such as plastic.

General 1. Unless the properties of one or both fluids require dissimilar materials, metals or other materials that provide the maximum heat transfer coefficient are desirable.

Copper and aluminum have been cited as materials for use as the net component of the strand or net layer.

If the gas or vapor is corrosive or has harmful properties than the materials normally used, other materials may be used, such as other metals or suitable plastics. It will be understood that

Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above,
It will be understood that various modifications may be made within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger constructed according to the present invention 1.
Vertical cross-sectional view taken along line 1-1 in Figure 2.
Figure 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 in the figure, Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 in Figure 1, and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken before compression.
FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a fragment showing a series of spaced coils and a layer of uncompacted heat transfer mesh; FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 showing a pair of fastening jaws in position I for compression operation;
Figure 7 shows the first position when the tightening operation is completed, and the other 1 position.
A vertical sectional view similar to FIG. 1 except showing the clamping jaws of FIG. 6 with a set of clamps; FIG.
[At the completion of the tightening operation showing the set of clamps]
9 is a side view showing another form of the present invention, with a part cut away to show the internal parts, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line 10-10 of the invention; FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view similar to FIG.
Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 12-12 in Figure 11;
FIG. 13 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line 13-13 in FIG. 11. C...Serpentine pipe, 13...Top perforated plate, 1
4...Bottom perforated plate, 16, 17...Side wall of housing, 18...Front wall, 19...
... Rear wall, 20 ... Top wall, 21 ... Bottom wall, 22 ... Welding part, H ... Mesh-like or reticular heat transfer medium, 24...Exit opening, 2
5...Entrance, 26...Exit, 28...
····filter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Method of manufacturing a heat exchanger 1 A series of mesh layers having elongated heat transfer network elements are connected and spaced apart from each other in hollow corrugated tubes through which a heat exchange liquid passes. and inserting a flat surface of the windings in parallel to each other across a space surrounded by the windings between the adjacent windings; the windings until the distance between the windings decreases and the elongated mesh elements of the mesh layer are compressed and deformed into contact between the windings and with each other. times 1
applying a directed compressive force onto each of the net layers; constraining the net layers to maintain the elongated net component in a deformed and compressed state; The net component is maintained in compressed contact with the windings of the flexible pipe, so that the empty space surrounded by the windings of the flexible pipe crosses one side of the windings of the husband and husband. enabling the transfer of heat along the network element 1 between the space through which the fluid passes in direction I and the winding. Exchanger manufacturing method. 2 Heat Exchanger 1 A hollow serpentine tube having a series of turns in generally parallel relationship and connected to each other in a helical relationship, through which liquid passes for heat transfer. a hollow serpentine tube configured to perform the following: a series of meshes located between each adjacent pair of said windings and extending across the space within said windings and generally parallel to the plane of each winding; a layer, the mesh layer having an elongated deformable mesh element providing an elongated heat transfer path therethrough; made of a material capable of being tangentially deformed, the mesh layers being compressed against each other, and portions of the elongated mesh component being arranged between adjacent turns of the flexible tube. and the heat exchanger further includes a device for laterally surrounding the corrugated tube and the mesh element, and a device for laterally surrounding the corrugated tube and the mesh element at each end of the corrugated tube. The mesh layer I engages and constrains the mesh layer, thereby maintaining the mesh layer in a deformed and compressed state, and the deformed portion of the elongated mesh component is inserted into the flexible tube. maintaining the windings in contact to enable heat transfer along the mesh element between the windings and the space enclosed by them; a perforated device configured to allow fluid to flow through the mesh layer in a direction transverse to the plane of each turn of the serpentine tube.