JPS5820109B2 - Kuuki Dench - Google Patents
Kuuki DenchInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5820109B2 JPS5820109B2 JP49123500A JP12350074A JPS5820109B2 JP S5820109 B2 JPS5820109 B2 JP S5820109B2 JP 49123500 A JP49123500 A JP 49123500A JP 12350074 A JP12350074 A JP 12350074A JP S5820109 B2 JPS5820109 B2 JP S5820109B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- electrolyte
- air
- present
- aqueous solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol Chemical compound NCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1F MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- -1 electrode Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZDHURYWHEBEGHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiopotassium Chemical compound [K].[K] ZDHURYWHEBEGHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は大気中の酸素を活物質とするガス電極を有した
空気電池に係り、電解液として水酸化セシウム水溶液を
用いることにより保存性の優れた空気電池を提供するも
のである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an air battery having a gas electrode using atmospheric oxygen as an active material, and provides an air battery with excellent storage stability by using a cesium hydroxide aqueous solution as an electrolyte. It is something.
一般に空気電池は陽極活物質として酸素を、陰極活物質
として亜鉛或いは鉄等を使用し、電解液としてはカ性ソ
ーダ或いは力性カリ水溶液が用いられる。Generally, air batteries use oxygen as the anode active material, zinc or iron as the cathode active material, and caustic soda or aqueous potassium solution as the electrolyte.
而して、この種電池において大気中の酸素を利用する場
合には放電（及び二次電池においては充電）中並びに保
存時に酸素以外に多量の炭酸ガスもガス電極を通じて電
池内に侵入し、この炭酸ガスがガス電極中の電解液と反
応して炭酸塩を生成しガス電極の目づまりが生じたり、
電解液の粘度増加・濃度低下を引き起しガス電極の放電
特性の劣化及び陰極活物質の不動態化をきたし電池寿命
を短縮せしめるという問題があった。Therefore, when atmospheric oxygen is used in this type of battery, a large amount of carbon dioxide gas in addition to oxygen also enters the battery through the gas electrode during discharging (and charging for secondary batteries) and storage. Carbon dioxide gas reacts with the electrolyte in the gas electrode to generate carbonates, which may clog the gas electrode.
There is a problem in that this causes an increase in the viscosity and a decrease in the concentration of the electrolytic solution, resulting in deterioration of the discharge characteristics of the gas electrode and passivation of the cathode active material, thereby shortening the battery life.
このような問題を解決するために空気を前処理して炭酸
ガスを除去した空気をガス電極に供給する方式が提案さ
れているか、この方式では前処理工程が必要なため一般
電池には実用向でなかった。To solve this problem, has a method been proposed in which air is pretreated to remove carbon dioxide gas and then supplied to the gas electrode? Since this method requires a pretreatment process, it is not practical for general batteries. It wasn't.
そこで本発明者は電解液について検討した結果、電解液
として従来のカ性ソーダ或いは力性カリ水溶液に変え水
酸化セシウム水溶液を用いることにより電解液の劣化を
抑制することができることを見い出した。Therefore, the inventors of the present invention investigated the electrolytic solution and found that deterioration of the electrolytic solution can be suppressed by using a cesium hydroxide aqueous solution instead of the conventional caustic soda or potassium potassium aqueous solution.
即ち、本発明は陽極活物質として大気中の酸素を利用し
うる空気電池の特徴を生かし、単に電解液として水酸化
セシウムを用いることにより従来の空気電池に比し保存
性を向上せしめたものである。That is, the present invention takes advantage of the characteristics of air batteries that can utilize oxygen in the atmosphere as the anode active material, and simply uses cesium hydroxide as the electrolyte to improve storage stability compared to conventional air batteries. be.
以下本発明の一実施例について述べる。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
添加剤（自己放電の防止及び二次電池においてはデンド
ライトの生成を抑制することを目的とする）を添加せる
亜鉛粉末を成型した亜鉛陰極と、ニッケル粉末を焼結し
た多孔性焼結板からなるガス電極と、電解板として３５
係苛性カリ水溶液を用いて構成した従来の２０ＡＨ空気
亜鉛電池と、亜鉛陰極とガス電極の構成要素は同一でた
だ電解液として３．５Ｍの水酸化セシウム水溶液を用い
た本発明の２０ＡＨ空気亜鉛電池の一般的な特性を第１
図及び表１に比較して示す。Consists of a zinc cathode made from molded zinc powder to which additives (to prevent self-discharge and suppress the formation of dendrites in secondary batteries) are added, and a porous sintered plate made from sintered nickel powder. 35 as gas electrode and electrolytic plate
A conventional 20AH zinc-air battery constructed using a caustic potassium aqueous solution and a 20AH zinc-air battery of the present invention constructed using the same zinc cathode and gas electrode components but using a 3.5M cesium hydroxide aqueous solution as an electrolyte. General characteristics first
A comparison is shown in Figure and Table 1.
尚、容量は夫々電池電圧０．８５Ｖまでの放電を算出し
たものである。Note that the capacity is calculated by discharging up to a battery voltage of 0.85V.
第１図及び表１より明らめイな如＜ＩＡでの放電試験で
は本発明電池で２１．５時間、従来電池で２２．０時間
の放電が可能であり、又１ケ月保存後のＩＡでの放電試
験では本発明電池で１９時間、従来電池で１７時間の放
電が可能である。As is clear from Figure 1 and Table 1, in the IA discharge test, the battery of the present invention can be discharged for 21.5 hours, and the conventional battery can be discharged for 22.0 hours. In the discharge test, the battery of the present invention can be discharged for 19 hours, and the conventional battery can be discharged for 17 hours.
このように本発明電池は従来電池に比して利用率の面で
は初期特性において数多の低下はあるが、１ケ月保存後
においては１０係程度高い値を呈している。As described above, in terms of utilization rate, the battery of the present invention exhibits a value that is about 10 times higher than the conventional battery, although there are many decreases in the initial characteristics.
又１ケ月後の放電々圧は本発明電池の方が従来電池より
高い値を示している。Furthermore, the discharge voltage after one month was higher for the battery of the present invention than for the conventional battery.
この結果、保存試験において本発明電池は電圧及び利用
率とも従来電池より優れていることが認められた。As a result, it was confirmed that the battery of the present invention was superior to the conventional battery in both voltage and utilization rate in the storage test.
その理由を考案するに、空気電池における最大の問題点
は電解液が空気中の炭酸ガスによって汚染されることで
ある。The reason for this is that the biggest problem with air batteries is that the electrolyte becomes contaminated by carbon dioxide gas in the air.
周知のように空気極においては空気中の酸素ガスが、電
解液−電極−空気との三相界面でイオン化して性能を出
すものである。As is well known, in an air electrode, oxygen gas in the air is ionized at the three-phase interface of electrolyte, electrode, and air to achieve performance.
ところが酸素ガスと同様に空気中に存在する炭酸ガスが
空気極を介して電池内に進入し電解液に溶解すると、電
解液中の炭酸イオン濃度が増大し、その結果として電解
液の電気伝導度の低下、粘度の増大を来たすと共に、こ
の炭酸イオンが酸素カスのイオン化反応を阻害し電池性
能を劣化させることになる。However, when carbon dioxide gas, which exists in the air like oxygen gas, enters the battery through the air electrode and dissolves in the electrolyte, the concentration of carbonate ions in the electrolyte increases, and as a result, the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte decreases. At the same time, this carbonate ion inhibits the ionization reaction of oxygen scum, resulting in deterioration of battery performance.
従って、このような問題を解決するためには炭酸ガスの
イオン化を可及的に抑えることが必要である。Therefore, in order to solve such problems, it is necessary to suppress the ionization of carbon dioxide gas as much as possible.
そこで第２図に示すように苛性カリ水溶液と水酸化セシ
ウム水溶液とを比較した場合、水酸化セシウム水溶液の
方が炭酸ガスのイオン化速度が遅いため、電解液の劣化
が抑制され電池性能を向上させることができるのである
。Therefore, as shown in Figure 2, when comparing a caustic potassium aqueous solution and a cesium hydroxide aqueous solution, the cesium hydroxide aqueous solution has a slower ionization rate of carbon dioxide gas, which suppresses deterioration of the electrolyte and improves battery performance. This is possible.
上述した如く、本発明によれば電解液として水酸化セシ
ウム水溶液を用いることにより保存性の優れた空気電池
を提供できる。As described above, according to the present invention, an air battery with excellent storage stability can be provided by using a cesium hydroxide aqueous solution as the electrolyte.
第１図は本発明電池と従来電池との放電特性比較図、第
２図は本発明電池と従来電池との各電解液を用いた場合
の炭酸イオンの増加量の比較図である。FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram of the discharge characteristics of the battery of the present invention and a conventional battery, and FIG. 2 is a diagram of a comparison of the increase in carbonate ions when each electrolyte is used in the battery of the present invention and the conventional battery.
Claims (1)
液として水酸化セシウム水溶液を用いることを特徴とす
る空気電池。1. An air battery characterized by having a gas electrode using atmospheric oxygen as an active material and using a cesium hydroxide aqueous solution as an electrolyte.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP49123500A JPS5820109B2 (en) | 1974-10-16 | 1974-10-16 | Kuuki Dench |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP49123500A JPS5820109B2 (en) | 1974-10-16 | 1974-10-16 | Kuuki Dench |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5145238A JPS5145238A (en) | 1976-04-17 |
| JPS5820109B2 true JPS5820109B2 (en) | 1983-04-21 |
Family
ID=14862145
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP49123500A Expired JPS5820109B2 (en) | 1974-10-16 | 1974-10-16 | Kuuki Dench |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5820109B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0289211U (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-07-16 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5313386A (en) * | 1976-03-23 | 1978-02-06 | Furuno Electric Co | Synchronizer |
| JPS5551580Y2 (en) * | 1976-04-12 | 1980-12-01 |
-
1974
- 1974-10-16 JP JP49123500A patent/JPS5820109B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0289211U (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-07-16 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5145238A (en) | 1976-04-17 |
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