JPS582097B2 - Vehicle coupler device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a coupler device particularly suitable for passenger vehicles used in railways, namely passenger cars, electric trains, and diesel cars, which the applicant has disclosed on April 17, 1978. This invention relates to an improvement of Japanese Patent Application No. 53-44263 filed in 1983 entitled ``Vehicle coupler device'' (hereinafter referred to as the original invention).

The original invention provides a coupler device in which the impact force applied to the vehicle body is small because the force changes continuously with respect to the stroke of the shock absorber when the coupler device acts as a buffer, and therefore does not cause discomfort to passengers. However, the present invention is further improved to provide a good damping effect even when the initial compression amount of one set of shock absorbers cannot be greater than the push or pull stroke of the entire coupler device. That is.

FIG. 1 shows a coupling device according to the original invention.

Shock absorbers 3 and 4 are inserted between the intermediate plates 5 and 6 in an initially compressed state before and after the intermediate plate 2 that is integrated with the frame 1, and the frame 1
is arranged on the vehicle body frame with the trailing plates 5, 6 engaged with trailing plate guards 7, 7', and the end of the coupler 50 is attached to the frame 1 so as to be swingable.

Here, the shock absorbers 3 and 4 may be of any type, such as rubber shock absorbers, which can be compressed in response to an external force and return to their original shape when the external force is removed.

In a coupler device having such a configuration, when pushing or pulling forces are applied alternately from an adjacent vehicle through the coupler 50, the entire coupler device and the shock absorber 3,
The relationship between the amount of force F and the stroke S for each of the four strokes will be explained with reference to FIG.

S'1 and S'2 are the installation deflections (initial compression amount) of the shock absorbers 3 and 4, respectively, that is, the difference between the total length of the shock absorbers before installation on the frame (free length) and the total length when installed (installation length). Yes, S1, S2
are the effective deflections of the shock absorbers 3 and 4, respectively, that is, the difference between the installed length and the total length when fully compressed.

Considering the process of change between the push state and the pull state, the force F of the shock absorber 3 during the push stroke is at point A in Figure 2, and when the pull stroke is applied, the A curve A → B → C → The amount of force F changes with respect to the stroke S along D → E, and in the case of a pull stroke to a push stroke,
It changes from ho → ni → ha → ro → a.

Therefore, the transition between the push stroke and the pull stroke is smooth.

However, as shown in Fig. 2, it is often not possible to make the mounting deflection of one of the shock absorbers 3, 4 larger than the effective deflection of the other, that is, the situation is S'2<S1, S'1<S2. .

Considering the case where a pushing force is applied from the neutral point C of this coupler device, the compression side shock absorber 3 exerts a buffer force along the B curve up to point A of the maximum stroke S1.

On the other hand, the shock absorber 4 on the extension side is installed along the C curve with an installation deflection S'2
The shock absorber 4 reaches a fully extended state, and for a stroke of S'2 or more, the shock absorber 4 reaches a point T where the force is zero.
The internal dimensions of the intermediate plate 2 and the guide plate protectors 7, 7' are larger than the total length of the guide plate 5, and the buffer 4 and the guide plate 5 are in a so-called loose state. Misalignment, falling of the following board,
Furthermore, in the case of a rubber shock absorber, problems such as separation into individual shock absorbing rubbers occur.

When a pulling force from the neutral point C in FIG. 2 is applied, the opposite relationship occurs between the shock absorbers 4 and 3.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, the present invention always provides an intermediate plate 2
The spacing between both side surfaces of the shock absorber and the inner surfaces of the follower plates 5 and 6 is limited to less than the free length of the shock absorber.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 2 to 5.

Vertical grooves 8, 8', 9, 9' are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the frame 1,
Columnar projections 10, 10', 11, 11' guided by these grooves 8, 8', 9, 9' are provided on the companion plates 5, 6 in a protruding manner.

As shown in FIG. Based on
The gap outward from the columnar projections 10, 10', 11, 1' is a
, d, the inner gaps are b, c, a=S'2, c≧S1,
The relationship is determined such that d=s'1 and b≧S2.

Considering the case where a pushing or pulling force is applied to the coupler device according to the present invention, in the case of pushing, the buffer 3 is compressed, and the buffer 3 generates a force along line B in FIG. Buffer 4
is extended along the line C in the figure, but when it is extended to S'2, the columnar projections 10, 10' of the companion plate 5 come into contact with the outer end surfaces of the grooves 8, 8' of the frame, and the buffer 4 remains as it is. It is held between the trailing plate 5 and the intermediate plate 2 in this state.

As the pushing progresses further, the shock absorber 3 is compressed and exerts its force along line B.

In the case of pull, the above-mentioned phenomena occurring in the buffers 3 and 4 are respectively reversed.

In this way, in the coupler device according to the present invention, even if pushing or pulling forces act, the shock absorbers 3 and 4
, 6 and the intermediate plate 2, and no play occurs.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment, in which projecting portions 12, 12', 13, 13', 14, 1 on the top, bottom, left and right of the head and tail ends of the frame 1 are shown.
4', 15, 15' are provided, and the companion plates 5, 6 are provided with columnar projections 16, 16', 17, 17', 18, 18 that engage with these.
', 19, 19' are provided.

The gaps between the inner end surfaces of the projecting portions and the columnar projections when the trailing plates 5 and 6 are in contact with the trailing plate guards 7 and 7' are set as a' and d' as shown in FIG. For the same reason as explained in the example, if a' = S'2, d' = S'1, the shock absorbers 3 and 4 will not act on the guide plate even if a pushing force or a pulling force is applied to the coupler device. There is no play between the intermediate plate 2 and the intermediate plate 2.

As described above, according to the present invention, the mounting deflection (initial compression amount) of the shock absorber is determined by the push or pull stroke amount of the coupler device.
That is, it is possible to provide a coupler device for railway vehicles, particularly passenger vehicles, which does not apply impact force to the vehicle body even when the deflection cannot be larger than the effective deflection, and therefore does not cause discomfort to passengers.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a conventional coupler device;
The figure is a diagram showing the relationship between the stroke and force of the shock absorber when an external force is applied to the coupler device, FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of the coupler device according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the frame of the coupler device shown in FIG. 3 and the companion plate, and FIG. It is a perspective view showing the relationship with a board. 1...Frame, 2...Friend board, 3,4...
...Buffer, 5,6...Front board, 7,7'...
...Front board guard, 8, 8', 9,9'...Vertical groove, 10, 10', 11, 11'...Columnar projection, 12, 12', 13, 13', 14, 14', 15
, 15'... overhang, 16, 16', 17, 1
7', 18, 18', 19, 19'... Columnar process.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vehicle coupler device using two sets of shock absorbers,
A vehicle coupler device characterized by having a structure in which the trailing plate can be moved by a frame, and further having a structure in which the trailing plate starts moving by the frame immediately after each shock absorber is extended within the frame to a state where the load is zero. 2. The vehicle coupler device according to claim 1, wherein a pillar-shaped projection is provided on the companion plate, and a groove for guiding the pillar-shaped projection is bored in the frame. 3. The vehicle coupler device according to claim 1, wherein the companion plate is provided with a columnar projection, and the frame is provided with an overhang portion capable of locking the columnar projection.