JPS5822273B2 - Classification method and classification device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for classifying particulate matter with high precision using a gradient liquid flow.

In general, methods for classifying particulate matter using fluids include methods using vertical upward flow and methods using horizontal flow.

The classification method using horizontal flow allows classification of 2 or more.
Since the classification accuracy is poor, it is necessary to increase the falling distance of particulate matter to improve accuracy. As a result, the equipment becomes large and a large amount of carrier fluid is required, and it is extremely difficult to maintain stable fluid streamlines. Become.

On the other hand, the classification method using vertical upward flow has good classification accuracy, but
It can only classify seeds.

For example, cation resin and anion resin for resin regeneration in resin moving mixed bed ion exchange equipment.

Generally, a classifier using an ascending liquid flow is used as a separator.

The apparatus is an upright cylindrical column with an ascending liquid stream fed from the bottom of the column.

A cationic resin whose settling rate is higher than the liquid flow rate by supplying a mixture of both ionic resins from the middle part of the column.

The resin settles and is extracted from the bottom of the column, while the anionic resin with a low sedimentation rate rises and is extracted from near the top of the column and separated.

However, the resin mixture contains resin whose particle size has been reduced by crushing and normal resin.

Crushing. No problem will occur if the crushed anion resin is allowed to overflow from the top of the column and separated, but as the particle size of the crushed cation resin becomes smaller, the sedimentation rate decreases, making it difficult for the resin to settle and accumulates in the middle of the column. Either it becomes unrecoverable, or it increases to 4 along with the anion resin and becomes impossible to separate.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and enables precision classification with a large falling distance equivalent to that of a large-scale horizontal flow classifier with a small amount of carrier fluid. It consists of O from the classification device.

Each invention will be explained in detail below. The classification method according to the first invention is a method that enables highly accurate classification of two or more groups of particulate material mixtures having different sedimentation velocities in a stationary fluid due to differences in density and/or particle size into each group, and also enables separation and recovery. 5 The gist of the classification method is to separate n groups of particulate material mixtures having different densities and/or particle sizes into n groups using a carrier fluid, in which a carrier fluid in which the particulate material mixture is dispersed is used. The fluid flow is θ□
〉θ2〉...Song〉θn-1 2 angles of inclination θ1. θ2
．． . . . This is a classification method characterized by sequentially forming an inclined flow having θn-1.

The sedimentation velocity W of particulate matter in a stationary fluid is determined by the equation of S)-Kus, i.e., 1, = "'('・-.)g, -1-(1) 18μ, where d: Particle size of particulate material ( CIrL) μ: Original fluid viscosity (97 cm/sec) ρS: Density of particulate matter (?/CrfL3) ρ: Original fluid density (t/cIrL3)2 g=gravitational acceleration (cm/sec2).

The classification method of the present invention uses a carrier fluid to separate a mixture consisting of n groups (n is 2 or more) of particulate materials having different densities and/or particle sizes into n groups.

The carrier fluid used is not particularly limited as long as it has a density lower than the density of the particulate material to be classified, but water is preferably used since it is superior in terms of operability and maintenance cost.

The flow of the carrier fluid in which the particulate matter to be classified is dispersed is
θ1〉θ2〉Song...θ.

-1, the inclination angle θ1. θ2. ......, θn-
1, 2.
. . . A particulate material mixture consisting of n groups can be classified, and the principle thereof will be explained in detail below with reference to FIG. 1.

In Figure 1, when n=4, that is, the sedimentation velocity in the stationary fluid is Wl, W2 s w3 g W4 (Wl
> W2 > w 3 > W4 ),
S2. Figure 3 illustrates a method for classifying a mixture of S3 and S4 particulate matter.

1.2.3 are the inclination angles θ1. θ2. It is an inclined flow with θ3.

Further, v1 to v4 indicate the flow direction velocity of particulate matter in each of these inclined flows.

Gradient flow 1 includes Sl, 82. A particulate material mixture consisting of S3 and S4 is dispersed.

The sedimentation time t of particulate matter is as follows.

Low θ1 t=□= wysInθ1(W ys+nθ1)cOsθ1...
...(2) group s2
．． S3 and S4 do not settle.

On the other hand, in order for the particulate matter group S1 with the sedimentation velocity w1 to settle, it is necessary to set it to 1 sin θ1<-vl 2.

That is, in order to classify the particulate matter group S1 that is most likely to settle in the inclined flow 1, the angle θ1 of the inclined flow 1 is 90°
= "7'...The following condition (3) is required.

Similarly, in order to classify the particulate matter group S2 in the inclined flow 2, the condition of the inclined flow 20 angle θ2 is sin'-) θ) sin-1w-3-2 2: V 2 V 3 is required, and To classify the particulate matter group S3 in the flow 3, the angle θ3 of the inclined flow 3 is sin ”!
'>θ, >sin "!-'-3: V3 v4 conditions are required.

Particulate matter group S1. S2. The mixture of S3 and S4 can be classified and separated and recovered from the end of each group.

When the particulate matter to be classified is a mixture consisting of n groups, it can be classified into n groups by considering the same as above and setting the angle of the inclined flow so as to satisfy the following conditions.

vn-1 90°) sin-1-"-) θ) sin '-!->θ
2≧5in-1--・-・-≧sin'-)θ-1≧5
in-11: vl v2 v3 vn-1
n −”〉0°・・・(4) vn As explained above, the classification method of the present invention
Or, because it is a method that can classify particulate material mixtures with different particle sizes with high precision and also allows multi-stage classification, it is possible to separate ores, sand, resins, etc. by particle size and/or density, for example, cationic resin and anionic resin. It can be applied to classification methods in a wide range of fields, such as separation of crushed particulate matter contained in normal particulate matter.

The second invention relates to a classification device suitable for carrying out the classification method of the first invention, and more specifically relates to a classification device for a granular material mixture consisting of n groups, which is equipped with an inclined classification tube. The gist is that a carrier fluid in which a mixture consisting of a plurality of n groups of particulate materials having different densities and/or particle sizes is dispersed is set at a downstream inclination angle θ1. θ2. ......, n giving θn-1
- an inclined classification tube consisting of one inclined section tube and having no or more than one slope conversion point, and a fluid containing each group of particulate matter classified by sedimentation in the inclined classification tube A required number of take-out pipes for taking out the reservoirs sequentially and separately;
an outlet pipe for the fluid containing particulate matter that has not settled in the inclined classification tube, the upstream end of the inclined classification tube having an inlet for the carrier fluid; If the tube does not have a slope conversion point, it will be placed at the bottom of the downstream part of the slope classification tube, and if it has one or more slope conversion points, it will be placed at each slope conversion point or at the bottom of the slope classification tube near the upstream side of the conversion point. and the outlet pipe is provided at the downstream end of the inclined classification tube, and the cross section of the take-out pipe and the outlet pipe is smaller than the cross section of the inclined classification tube. It is a classification device.

When n = 2, the inclined section tube of the inclined classifier is single, and when n > 2, the inclined section tube has θ1°, θ2, .
..., consisting of n-1 inclined tubes having an angle of θn-1.

Further, when n>2, the tilted classifier has at least one tilt conversion point.

At this point of inclination, the fluid with an inclination angle of θn-2 has an inclination angle of θ.

-1 fluid, for example A in Figure 1.
, H.

As specified in the first invention, the classification device of the present invention (4)
It is necessary to satisfy the formula.

Still, in order to improve the classification accuracy, the L/D (tube length/tube diameter) of each inclined section tube of the tilted classifier tube must satisfy equation (5).

n -1 Ln-1/D-□≧□...Song (5) (W l v -1sinθ, -riCO8θn-1
A detailed explanation of the equation (5) will be given in the equation (7) below.

The classification apparatus of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a classification device for a granular material mixture consisting of two groups, which is an embodiment of the present invention, and 4 shows the density and/or
Alternatively, the carrier fluid in which a mixture of two groups of particulate matter 1 and 2 with different particle sizes are dispersed is classified by giving a downstream high-level inclined flow to the carrier fluid for classification, and 5 is a particulate material group classified by sedimentation. 1 is a fluid extraction pipe containing 6
is the outlet pipe for the fluid containing the particulate matter group 2 that does not settle in the inclined classification tube.

The upstream end of the inclined classification tube 4 has a lower inlet for a carrier fluid 2 in which a mixture of particulate matter groups 1 and 2 is dispersed.

The inclination angle θ of the inclined classifier tube was written in the explanation of the first invention (
3) Same as formula, 1 90°) sin ” -->θ≧sin ”blood〉0°−
3 7'''...Theta must satisfy the equation (6).

Furthermore, in order to cause the entire particulate matter P41 to settle to the bottom of the tube and to be separated and recovered from the take-out tube 5, the relationship between the diameter and length of the inclined classification tube 4 becomes a problem.

The maximum settling time t of 3° for particulate matter group 1 is given by equation (2). (W, −y1sinθ)cosθ is given by

On the other hand, L from the lower particulate matter group 10
The time t' for the 4 to reach the outlet pipe 5 is given by t'=-1.

If t<t', the entire particulate matter group 1 settles to the bottom of the tube.

That is, D L ,,<-- + CW, -V □Sin θ )cOsθ
-vl.

Therefore, the L/D of the inclined classifier in the classifier of the present invention is L/D〉-Yuichi1--(7)1
:(Wl-y l5inθ)cOSθ must be satisfied.

,. Since the take-out pipe 5 is a take-out pipe for the fluid containing the particulate matter group 1 (solid line in Fig. 2) that has settled to the bottom of the tube due to classification in the tilted classification tube, it is located in the downstream region of the tilted classification tube and at the bottom of the tilted classification tube. It is preferable to provide it at the position of .

Since the outlet pipe 6 is an outlet pipe for fluid containing particulate matter group 2 (broken line in FIG. 2) that does not settle to the bottom of the tube due to classification in the inclined classification tube, it is preferably connected to the downstream end of the inclined classification tube.

Although the shape of the outlet pipe 6 is not particularly limited,
As shown in the figure, the particulate matter group 2 can be easily collected by forming it into an inverted J-shape, an inverted U-shape, or an inverted V-shape.

In order to enable the classification operation in the classification apparatus of the present invention, the cross sections of the take-out tube 5 and the outlet tube 6 must be smaller than the cross section of the inclined classification tube.

Furthermore, we need to separate and collect raindrop particles efficiently and with high precision.

It is necessary to adjust the ratio of the cross sections of the take-out pipe 5 and the outlet pipe 6 according to the composition ratio of the two fluid substances.

For example, the take-out pipe 5 and/or the outlet pipe 6 of the present classifier
By attaching the valve 8- to the outlet pipe 5 and the outlet pipe 6,
It is possible to easily adjust the ratio of the cross section.

Example 1 A crushed cation resin 1 and a normal anion resin axis are dispersed in a water stream extracted from the middle stage of an ascending water flow classification tower for resin regeneration in a resin moving mixed bed ion exchange device.

The densities and particle sizes of both resins 1 and 2 have the values shown in Table 1.

The average sedimentation velocity in the table is the value obtained from equation (1).

Note that ρ is the density of water, so it is set to 1.09/cfrL3, and μ is the viscosity of water, so 1 centistoke = 10
J/C1rL-sec.

The extracted water stream in which both of the resins were dispersed was treated with the classifier of the present invention.

The classifier used was of the type shown in Figure 2.

Inclined classifier: D=10crn, L=75CIrL
It is a circular tube with an inclination angle θ of 38°.

The inclined water flow is a non-turbulent water flow with a speed of 15 crrL/sec.

The flow rates ■1 and v2 of cation resin 1 and anion resin 2 in the inclined water flow were v1 = 5.0 cyn 7 seconds, v2: 10.8 cfrL/second.

The treatment result was good, and the crushed cation resin 1 was removed from the outlet pipe 6.
Only anionic resin 2, which does not contain any ions, could be recovered.

On the other hand, the crushed cation resin 1 containing a small amount (3 parts by weight) of the anion resin 22° was recovered from the extraction tube 5.

In addition, sin "21-25in-1 迭p-≠53.□・V
l 5.0 sin-1w-2-=sin ” 44==:3 Q
.

Since V2 io,s , the inclined classifier having an inclination angle of 3'8° satisfies equation (6).

On the other hand, cosθ of v 1 5.0 ('A'I V t Sin (4,0-
5, OSin 38°) cos 38°≠0.69, so the inclined classifier with L/D=7.5 satisfies equation (7).

Example 2 Density 1,35 f with particle size distribution as shown in Table 2
/clrt30 particulate matter was subjected to classification operation by the method of the first invention.

Table 3 shows the tube diameter D and tube length of each inclined section tube of the inclined classification tube.

The carrier material used was turbulent-free water with a flow rate of 15 Crn/sec.

Table 2 shows the sedimentation speed W of each particle group and the particle speed ■ in the water flow direction.

The first, second, third, separated and collected by each inclined classification tube
The fourth isolate had a particle size distribution shown in Table 4.

In addition, Town 9.34 sin ” −−” −= 55° =S1n Vl 11.5 5.

-11=5. -14・76=28・V2 10
．． 0-1w3. 1.71 S+n -=s+n' -=l 2゜v3
8.5 sin “”! ”=sin ”LL! #00V47
．． 7, so each gradient classifier having the gradient value in Table 3 is (
4) satisfies the formula.

On the other hand, ■□ 11.5-
= 7.7(
W I V 1Slnθ1) cosθ1C9,34-
11,5 sin 40 ) cos40210 −
−= 8.0(w2 V2S”θ2) cosθ2
(4,76-10sin 12)cos 12゛V3 8.5=
=16.1(W
3 V a Sinθ3) coSθ3(1,71-8
,5sin 8) cos8, so L/ in Table 3
Each inclined classifier that determines the value of D satisfies equation (5).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 illustrates the classification method of the present invention, and Figure 2 shows the classification method of the present invention.
The figure is an example of a schematic cross-sectional view of the classification device of the present invention. 1.2, 3... Inclined flow, 4...... Inclined classification tube, 5... Output pipe, 6... Outlet pipe,
7... Carrier fluid inlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A flow of a carrier fluid in which a particulate material mixture is dispersed in a classification method in which n groups of particulate material mixture carrier particles having different densities and/or particle sizes are used to separate the particulate material mixture into n groups. However, the inclination angle θ1. θ2.・・・・・・
, θn1 are sequentially formed, and the inclination angle θ1 . θ2.・・・・・・θn1 is W I W 2 90°) sin-1-) θ) sin '--) θ2≧1
= V I V 2 W3 Wn -1 sin-1-)-...) sin'-)θn 1>v3
vnt -5in
"Once> o. vn 9□, y2.....# vn "Particulate matter 1, 2
．． ....... n group fluid flow direction velocity W□8w2. ...jWn: Particulate matter 1, 2.・
・・・・・・． A classification method characterized in that the sedimentation rate is based on the Stokes equation for n groups, where wl〉w2〉...〉Wn. 2. The classification method according to claim 1, wherein the n groups of particulate material mixtures having different densities and/or particle sizes are comprised of two groups: cationic resins and anionic resins. 3 A particulate material mixture consisting of two groups of cationic resin and anionic resin is extracted from the resin regeneration separator of a resin moving mixed bed ion exchange device.Two groups of crushed cations and normal anions A classification method according to claim 2, characterized in that the method comprises: 4. A downstream inclination angle θ1. θ2...,. An inclined classification tube consisting of n−i inclined portion tubes giving θn 1 and having no or one or more slope conversion points, and each particulate material classified by sequential sedimentation in the inclined classification tube. A device comprising a requisite number of take-out pipes for sequentially and separately taking out a fluid containing a group of particulate matter, and an outlet pipe for a fluid containing a group of particulate matter that has not settled in the inclined classification tube, the apparatus comprising: The end has an inlet for the carrier fluid, while if the take-off tube does not have a tilt conversion point, it has one or more tilt conversion points at the bottom of the tube in the downstream region of the tilt classification tube. is provided at each tilt conversion point or at the bottom of the tilt classification tube near the upstream of the conversion point,
Further, the outlet pipe is provided at the downstream end of the inclined classifying tube, and the cross sections of the take-out pipe and the outlet pipe are smaller than the cross section of the inclined classifying tube, and the inclination angle θ1. θ2.・・・・・・、
θn-1 900>sin'-)θ1≧sin”
−'->θ2≧v1 v2 W3 Wn-1 sin ”−)−−−・−≧sin ”−)θH1>
V a V nl -5in
``Two-blade vn〉0゜Vl s V2 g...,■n=Particulate matter 1,
2. ....... n group fluid flow direction velocity Wl s w2 g...1wn: Particulate matter 1,
2. ....... Stokes' equation for group n, sedimentation velocity by e, where wl〉
w2〉...〉wn, and the ゛tilt angle is θ1. θ2. ......, θn-1
Ln −1/Dn of each slope tube of the slope classification tube is
' is 1°-”°-”≧(5-V-rsin5-s
) case -In-1 n n n. 5. The classification device according to claim 4, wherein the ratio of the cross sections of the outlet and the outlet pipe is adjustable.