JPS5829054B2 - Giyorinoki Yujihouhou - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of feeding solid feed to fish, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method of feeding solid feed to fish. This is a method in which an emulsified product (excluding esters of unsaturated fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or their alkylene oxide adducts) is adsorbed and then fed.

Paste baits have generally been used as initial feed for fish.

However, battered baits require a lot of effort to prepare, require strong caking properties, and have various problems such as the addition of caking agents and the selection of other raw materials.

Due to the above-mentioned circumstances, there is a tendency for fixed feeds made by pressure molding machines to be used gradually, but since solid feeds are sedimentable,
The drawback is that some fish species leave uneaten fish, and this pollutes the pond.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, floating solid feed was developed, but this also has the drawback that the pellet size must be selected depending on the weight of the fish. Since it is necessary to add a particularly large amount of fats and oils to gussets, when only fats and oils are adsorbed onto fixed feed, there are disadvantages such as oils and fats leaching out and contaminating the water.

In addition, when trying to add both water and oil to solid feed, it is difficult to adsorb oil after adsorbing water, and conversely, after adsorbing oil, water absorption is extremely slow and the feed becomes soft. Another drawback was that the workability for making feed was impaired.

The present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of various studies regarding the above-mentioned problems.

That is, in the present invention, after solidifying the powdered feed material for cultured fish using a molding machine, oil and water are added to an emulsifier (unsaturated fatty acids mainly consisting of oleic acid, linoleic acid, or lilunic acid and an unsaturated fatty acid with a carbon number of 2). ester of ~6 polyhydric alcohols,
This is a method of feeding fish, which is characterized by feeding the fish by adsorbing an emulsified product (excluding alkylene oxide adducts).

To prepare the feed of the present invention, powdered aquaculture compound feed, which is made by appropriately blending elements necessary for the growth and survival of fish, is solidified by passing it through a pressure molding machine in a conventional manner, or by heating it. It may be applied to an extrusion type heating and pressure molding machine (exbanding extruder) in the presence of water vapor.

The present invention involves adsorbing an emulsified mixture of water and oil onto the thus obtained solid feed or porous solid feed,
The type of oil or fat used in the present invention, which is fed after the feed is sufficiently softened, may be any oil or fat used for raising fish, such as fish liver oil, vegetable oil, etc.

In addition, although oil is mainly used, solid fat can also be added.

The amount of emulsion added varies depending on the size of the grains, the content of the mixture, the type of solid feed, etc., but the amount of water added is 100% of the feed.
In contrast, 10 to 50 is preferable for solid feed produced by a pressure molding machine, and 50 to 200 for porous solid feed, and the amount of oil and fat added is preferably 10 to 12 for solid feed produced by a pressure molding machine, and 50 to 200 for porous solid feed. Feed is 3-70.

Examples of emulsifiers that emulsify fats and oils and water include polyoxyethylene cetyl alcohol ether, chrycerin monostearate, sucrose stearate, sucrose balmitate, gum arabic, gelatin, gum tragacanth, lecithin, and sodium alginate. It will be done.

However, esters of unsaturated fatty acids mainly composed of oleic acid, linoleic acid, or lilunic acid and polyhydric alcohols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or alkylene oxide adducts thereof are excluded.

The appropriate amount of emulsifier added is about 2 to 15% of the fat and oil, and the emulsifier is added to water or oil and stirred to emulsify.

Then, by adding the emulsion prepared by the above method to the feed and mixing for several minutes or leaving it for ε, a soft feed containing appropriate amounts of fats and oils and water is prepared.

According to this method, the feed is soft and palatable during feeding, so there is relatively little need to select the size of the feed depending on the weight of the fish, and the feed is distributed evenly, reducing the growth distribution of the fish.

Furthermore, since the feeding time of the fish is shortened, it is possible to prevent the nutrients in the feed from leaking out.

Since the fats and oils are emulsified in water and then adsorbed onto the feed, the distribution of the fats and oils is uniform, and there is less chance of the fats and oils leaching out after feeding and polluting the pond water.

A further advantage is that it becomes possible to add volatile and thermally decomposable palatability substances, which was not possible with conventional methods.

Next, the effects of the present invention will be described by giving examples.

The results of the hardness of a porous solid feed prepared by adsorbing soybean oil and water emulsified with the emulsifier Tsurman L300 (registered trademark of Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) are shown in the drawing.

That is, oil and water were emulsified in different proportions and amounts, and after being left for 15 minutes, the hardness was measured (in the figure, the horizontal axis shows the ratio of oil and water, the vertical axis shows the hardness, and the hardness of each emulsion was measured). (represents the value in terms of liquid volume).

It turns out that it is possible to add a large amount of oil and fat to this.

According to this experiment, it was possible to feed eel with a hardness of I<g, and yellowtail with a weight of 2 kg or less.

When raising eels, there are three types of feeding: conventional battered feed, porous fixed feed as is, and porous solid feed after adsorbing oil and water at the same time according to the present invention. The results are compared and shown in the table.

From the table, it is clear that the animals fed with the porous solid feed of the present invention have a small growth distribution and a high feed efficiency, and the effect of feeding with the feed of the present invention is remarkable.

Example 1 5f of sucrose stearate (DK Ester 1401 manufactured by Dai-Kogyo Co., Ltd., HLB value 14) was added to 50g of molecular distillation residue oil of pollack liver oil, and further heated to 1150C.
Gradually add the water from C while stirring and thoroughly emulsify.

This is added at once to 1 kid of porous solid feed for eel prepared using an exbanding extruder.

After about 5 minutes, the animal is administered into a feeder made of a wooden frame.

The eel (total weight 40 kg) finished ingesting the feed in about 10 minutes after administration.

Example 2 200 g of white soybean oil and glycerin monostearate) 1 (
Add this to 1000 cc of water and stir thoroughly to emulsify.

This is administered to eels in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 3 In Example 1, fennel oil 11 is dissolved in advance in the molecular distillation residue oil of pollack liver oil.

Alternatively, dissolve 31 grams of glycine and 2 grams of alanine in water in advance.

The eel with a total weight of 40 kg finished ingesting this feed in about 10 minutes.

Example 4 12 t of Tsurman L300 (registered trademark of Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) is dissolved in 1000 cc of water, and 200 P of molecular distillation residue oil of pollock liver oil is gradually added thereto with stirring to thoroughly emulsify.

This is added to 1 kg of porous solid feed for yellowtail prepared by exbanding extrusion and having an average diameter of IQm7W and a length of about 301rL7IL.

After about 15 minutes, yellowtail (total weight 50kg, average weight 500f)
), the animals finished ingesting the food in a short period of time, without taking time to acclimatize or showing any behavior such as spitting out the food, which is the case when conventional floating food is given.

Example 5 Tsurman L300 (registered trademark of Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 5' was added to the feed oil 50P. and another 100CC
Add water and stir thoroughly to emulsify.

1kL of solid feed for rainbow trout was produced using a pressure molding machine with an average diameter of 3.5 mm and a length of 5 mm. After stirring for about 5 minutes and leaving for 10 minutes, rainbow trout (total weight 50
When administered to animals (average body weight: 42.3 kg), their intake was better than with conventional solid feed, and they finished ingesting one dose in a short period of time.

When reared using this feed (fed 4 times a day, 2% daily feed/fish body weight), after one month, the total weight was 80.8 kg, and the average weight was 68.4 kg, which was extremely good. Obtained.

By the way, after one month when the conventional solid feed was fed, the total weight was 78.3 kg, and the average weight was 65.21 f.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figure is a chart showing the hardness of porous solid feed to which soybean oil and water emulsified with an emulsifier are adsorbed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. After solidifying the powdered cultured fish compound feed raw material using a molding machine, add oil and water to an emulsifier (unsaturated fatty acids mainly consisting of oleic acid, linoleic acid, or lilunic acid and polyhydric fatty acids having 2 to 6 carbon atoms). A method for feeding fish, which comprises adsorbing and feeding an alcohol ester or an alkylene oxide adduct thereof emulsified with ().