JPS5830488B2 - Powder incinerator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an incineration device for powder and granular materials.

For example, soot is generated to some extent in a boiler or a furnace that generally burns oil or the like.

In recent years, various types of combustion furnaces have taken various measures to address pollution issues, including the so-called two-stage combustion method, which creates lean and enriched combustion air areas in order to reduce NOx in heavy oil combustion gas. As a result, the amount of soot emitted has increased, and the problem of soot treatment has become more serious.

Since soot contains considerable amounts of valuable metals such as vanadium and nickel, it is necessary to incinerate soot in order to recover them.

However, since soot also contains SOx and ammonium sulfate (produced when ammonia is injected into combustion gas to reduce SOx), incineration is not easy.

In addition, in particular, soot is difficult to incinerate because its particles are so fine that they can be collected by an electrostatic precipitator.

Conventionally, this soot treatment has been performed using a fixed bed, a stoker, a cyclone furnace, or a kiln.

However, in a fixed bed, the soot is piled up on the fixed bed and air is sent through it to burn it, but in order to burn the soot with small particles without scattering, it is necessary to burn it in near still air. The combustion method used was air diffused from the top of the fixed bed, which had the disadvantage of a low combustion rate.

In the case of a stoker, soot is piled up on the stoker and air is sent from below the stoker to burn it and remove the ash from the end of the stoker, but this also has a slow combustion speed because the combustion air cannot be made high-speed. However, there was a drawback that the stoker was overheated at the stoker end.

In a cyclone furnace, soot is suspended in the cyclone furnace and air is blown onto it to collect dust and burn it at the same time. This has the drawback that the relative velocity of the soot with the air becomes small, and the soot is too fine to be collected by a cyclone dust collector, so it is not possible to incinerate or collect dust sufficiently. .

When incinerating soot in a kiln, the soot is granulated with an adhesive such as MgO and then incinerated in the kiln, but this granulation equipment is required and the adhesive is not included in the incineration ash. However, the drawback was that it was difficult to recover vanadium and nickel, which are harmful pollutants contained in the ash.

Additionally, kilns require large equipment due to their low space utilization efficiency, and because the furnaces are lined with refractory material and rotate, they also have the disadvantage of being easily damaged.

The purpose of the present invention is to improve these conventional drawbacks and provide a powder and granular material incineration device that enables high-speed incineration without scattering powder and granular materials when burning not only soot but also fine powder and granular materials. shall be.

That is, in the present invention, a vibrating conveyor or the like is installed at the bottom of a closed furnace having a supply port for powder and granules and refractory particles, and refractory particles are supplied from the refractory particle supply port onto the vibrating conveyor and moved. A refractory particle layer is formed, powder is supplied from the powder supply port and deposited on the upper surface of the refractory particle layer, and an air curtain is formed above the powder deposited layer. Air is blown in at high speed while suppressing the scattering of particles, and the combustion gas of the powder and granules is discharged through the refractory particle layer, while the incinerated ash, together with the refractory particles, increases the height of the refractory particle layer. It is characterized in that it is fed to a vibrating sieve via an adjustable rock feeder and is sifted into fine incineration ash, incineration ash that has become a clump like a tarinka, and refractories.

Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be explained with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

In Fig. 1, a combustion chamber 1 has a ceiling and side walls almost sealed with fireproof material 2, and a vibrating conveyor 1 is installed at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1.
0 is installed and the refractory particles 3 are supplied from the hopper 9.
is deposited on the vibrating conveyor 10, forming the bottom with a layer of refractory particles.

Reference numeral 8 denotes air jet ports, which are provided in multiple stages above the deposition surface of the powder particles deposited on the refractory particle layer.

A gas chamber 24 having a gas duct 25 is attached to the lower part of the vibrating conveyor 10.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a granular material hopper, and within this hopper is provided a row feeder 6 for supplying a fixed amount of granular material.

The powder hopper 5 and the combustion chamber 1 are connected by a powder transport feeder 7 which also functions as a gas seal.

Connected to the outlet of the refractory particles 3 of the combustion chamber 1 is a hopper 11 equipped with a rock feeder 12 that adjusts the height of the refractory particle layer at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 .

A vibrating sieve 13 is provided on the exit side of the hopper 11,
At the bottom of the vibrating sieve 13 are attached hoppers 15 and 18 having lock feeders 16 and 19, respectively, provided in accordance with the particle diameter of the sieve.

Further, a hopper 21 having a lock feeder 22 is provided at the end of the vibrating sieve 13.

To describe the operation of the present invention configured as above, first, a certain amount of powder is fed from the powder hopper 5 via the rotary feeder 6, and is fed to the combustion chamber 1 by the feeder 7, where it is fed into the refractory. The powder is deposited on the upper surface of the particle layer as a powder deposit layer 4.

Hot air heated by a heater (not shown) is blown from the air outlet 8 to form an air curtain on the upper surface of the powder/granular material accumulation layer, and at the same time, the powder/granular material is combusted by being blown onto the powder/granular material accumulation layer with a high-speed flow. .

The combustion gas burned in this manner passes through the refractory particle layer and the vibrating conveyor 10, during which time dust is removed and is discharged from the gas duct 25 as clean gas.

In this way, the air curtain is formed on the upper surface of the powder accumulation layer with the air ejected from the air outlet 8, so the soot does not scatter to the upper part of the combustion chamber, so the relative velocity with the combustion air is high, and the combustion gas Since it comes out from below, it prevents the powder from scattering.

The ash of the burned powder and granules gets mixed into the refractory particles 3 and is transferred to the hopper 1 along with the refractory particles 3 by the vibrating conveyor 10.
carried to 1.

At the same time, the layer of refractory particles formed at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 is constantly replaced to ensure a passage for combustion gas and eliminate clogging.

The mixture of ash and refractory particles conveyed to the hopper 11 is fed by a rock feeder 12 to a vibrating screen 13.

The mixture fed onto the vibrating screen is sieved into fine combustion ash 14, refractory particles 17, and coarse combustion ash 20 such as tarinka.

The fine combustion ash 14 and coarse combustion ash 20 thus screened are returned to a device for recovering valuable metals contained in these ash, and the refractory particles are returned to the hopper 9.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the refractory particle layer for the combustion chamber 1. In FIG.

In the figure, the ceiling and side walls of a combustion chamber 1 are almost sealed with refractory material 2, and a vibrating conveyor 10 is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1. A refractory particle receiving plate 26 is attached to the vibrating conveyor 10 at an angle, and a refractory particle layer is formed. A storage chamber 27 is formed.

Hoppers 9 for supplying refractory particles are provided on both sides of the combustion chamber 1 and are connected to the refractory particle layering chamber 2γ.
A gas duct 25 and the refractory particle layering chamber 27 are installed on the side of the
A gas chamber 24 is provided which is connected to.

Further, a powder hopper 5 is provided outside the gas duct 25 and the gas chamber 24, and a rotary feeder 6 for feeding a fixed amount of powder into the hopper 5 is provided.

Further, the hopper 5 and the combustion chamber 1 are connected to a powder transfer feeder 7.
It is connected with

Reference numeral 8 denotes an air jet port, which is used to spread the refractory particles 3 remaining in the refractory particle layering chamber 27 in multiple stages above the upper surface of the granular material accumulation layer supplied by the granular material transport feeder γ. It is provided.

The mixture of refractory particles 3 and incineration ash such as soot transferred by the vibrating conveyor 10 is transferred to the hopper 11 shown in FIG.
It is designed to be transferred to a rock feeder 12 and a vibrating screen 13.

To describe the operation of this embodiment (Fig. 2), which is intercepted in this way, the refractory particles 3 supplied from the hoppers 9 provided on both sides of the combustion chamber 1 are transferred to the refractory particle layering chamber 27 and the gas chamber. 24, fall onto the vibrating conveyor 10 along the slope of the refractory particle receiving plate 26, and fill the refractory particle layering chamber 27.

A certain amount of powder and granules fed by the rotary feeder 6 pass through a powder transport feeder 7 onto the refractory particles 3 remaining in the refractory particle layering chamber 27 to form a powder layer. It is deposited as in 4.

Air heated by an air heater (not shown) is ejected from the air jet port 8, forming an air curtain on the upper surface of the powder and granule material accumulation, and spraying the powder and granule material with a high-speed flow onto the powder and granule material accumulation layer. burns.

In this way, the combustion gas is guided into the gas chamber 24 through the refractory particle layer present at the connection between the refractory particle layer chamber 27 and the gas chamber 24, and is discharged from the gas duct 25 as clean gas.

Therefore, since the air curtain is formed on the upper surface of the powder accumulation layer by the air ejected from the air outlet 8, the soot does not scatter to the upper part of the combustion chamber, so the relative velocity with the combustion air is high, and the combustion gas Since it comes out from below, it prevents powder and granules from scattering.

On the other hand, the ashes of the burned powder and granules are mixed into the refractory particles 3 and transferred to the first refractory particle 3 along with the vibrating conveyor 10.
It is transported to the hopper 11 shown in the figure.

In addition, since the refractory particle receiving plate 26 is attached to the vibrating conveyor 10 at an angle, the refractory particle layer in the refractory particle layering chamber is formed into a stable slit shape, and the combustion gas passes through it. The vibration conveyor does not need to have a heat-resistant structure.

As detailed above, according to the present invention, a powder layer is formed on the upper surface of the refractory particle layer, and a high-speed air stream is blown while forming an air curtain on the upper surface of the powder layer to burn the powder. In this way, the burned combustion gas is discharged through the refractory particle layer, so the combustion rate is increased by high-speed airflow without scattering powder and granules, and the dust in the combustion gas is transferred to the refractory particles. It can be removed in layers and discharged as a clean gas.

In addition, since there are no impurities such as adhesives, it is easy to recover valuable metals contained in the incineration ash, and there is no need for a granulating device for the binder, which reduces the construction cost of the device, compared to conventional methods. It is possible to obtain a granular material incinerator that has all its drawbacks improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the present invention, which is shown in cross section;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part of the present invention in another embodiment. 1... Combustion chamber, 2... Fireproof material, 3...
... Refractory particles, 4 ... Powder, 5 ...
... Powder hopper, 8 ... Air outlet, 9
...Hopper, 10...Vibration conveyor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A moving refractory particle layer is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber connected to a powder supply hopper and a refractory particle supply hopper, and the powder and granule hopper is placed above the refractory particle layer. A powder and granular material incineration device that supplies and deposits powder fluid, forms an air curtain of heated hot air above the powder and granules, and discharges combustion gas through a refractory particle layer. 2. The granular material incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the refractory particle layer is formed on a vibrating conveyor so that the refractory particle layer can be moved. 3. The granular material according to claim 1, wherein refractory particle supply hoppers are provided on both sides of the combustion chamber, and the refractory particles supplied from the hoppers form a refractory particle layer in a flat V-shape. Incinerator. 4. A moving refractory particle layer is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber connected to a powder supply hopper and a refractory particle supply hopper, and powder and granules are supplied from the powder and granule hopper onto the refractory particle layer. a hopper having a lock feeder at an end of the moving refractory particle layer; , a vibrating sieve is provided at the outlet of the hopper, a plurality of hoppers are provided below the vibrating sieve according to particle diameters under the sieve, and a hopper is provided at the end of the vibrating sieve.