JPS5833467B2 - Kiyushyuureituki - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator which uses a refrigerant liquid and an absorption solution and is operated in an absorption refrigeration cycle consisting of a low pressure cycle and a high pressure cycle.

If the cycle of a conventional absorption refrigerator is shown on a cycle diagram, the conventional single-stage absorption cycle is shown in Figure 1, and the conventional two-stage absorption cycle is shown in Figure 2, which consists of a low-pressure solution cycle and a high-pressure solution cycle. The solution cycle is separated.

In other words, although a single-stage absorption chiller has good efficiency, if the heat source temperature drops, the cycle no longer holds true and operation cannot be continued, and a two-stage absorption chiller cannot continue operating even if the heat source temperature is low. Even if it is possible, it is not efficient and has the drawback of consuming a large amount of heat from the heat source because the solution concentration is performed redundantly.

The present invention has been made to eliminate these conventional drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigerator that can be efficiently operated as one cycle over a wide range of heat source temperatures without having to separate cycles. This is what I did.

In the present invention, the operation is carried out according to the state of the heat source to increase the coefficient of performance to effectively utilize the amount of heat, and the required amount of fuel heating is reduced by making it possible to use high temperature water down to a low temperature and effectively utilizing the necessary thermal energy. Another object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigerating machine that can surely save money and has a simple and economical structure without requiring the refrigeration equipment to be combined with other absorption refrigerating machines.

The present invention provides a high-pressure heat exchange system in an absorption refrigerator equipped with an evaporator, a low-pressure absorber, a high-pressure absorber, a low-pressure generator, a high-pressure generator, a condenser, and a solution path and a refrigerant path that connect these devices. and a low-pressure heat exchanger to transfer the absorption solution to the following (
An absorption refrigerating machine characterized by circulating through the path as in (a) above and exchanging heat between a low-pressure side dilute solution and a low-pressure side concentrated solution, and between a high-pressure side dilute solution and a high-pressure side concentrated solution.

(a) Low pressure absorber → low pressure heat exchanger tertiary side → high pressure absorber →
High pressure heat exchanger secondary side → high pressure generator → high pressure heat exchanger - next side → low pressure generator → low pressure heat exchanger - next side → low pressure absorber.

The present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In an absorption refrigerating machine consisting of a low pressure generator 5 and a condenser 6, a pipe 17 that can send a solution from the low pressure absorber 2 to the high pressure absorber 3 is provided via a low pressure absorber pump 7, and this high pressure absorber 3 is connected to a high pressure The absorber pump 8 is connected to the high pressure generator 4 by a pipe 18, and the high pressure generator 4 is connected to the pipe 14.
is connected to the low pressure generator 5, and the low pressure generator 5 is connected to the pipe 1.
5 is connected to the low-pressure absorber 2, and is further provided with a low-pressure heat exchanger 27 and a high-pressure heat exchanger 28, and the absorption solution is transferred from the low-pressure absorber 2 → the secondary side of the low-pressure heat exchanger 27 → the high-pressure absorber 3 → The configuration is such that the circuit returns to the low pressure absorber 2 again via the secondary side of the high pressure heat exchanger 28 → high pressure generator 4 → the next side of the high pressure heat exchanger 28 → the low pressure generator 5 → the next side of the low pressure heat exchanger 27. It is.

The evaporator 1 is formed in the same can body A as the low pressure absorber 2, and has a liquid circulation pipe 1 having a cold water tube 11 and a refrigerant pump 9.
0 and a spray 20, and the low pressure absorber 2 is provided with a cooling water tube 12 inside, and is connected to a high pressure absorber 3 and a low pressure generator 5 by a pipe 17 having a low pressure absorber pump 7 and a return pipe 15. Please contact us.

The low pressure generator 5 has a generator tube 25, is provided in the can body B in communication with the high pressure absorber 3 having the absorber tube 13, and is connected to the high pressure generator 4 through a pipe 14.

The high pressure generator 4 also includes a generator tube 2 through which a heating medium passes.
4, and is provided in the same can body C as the condenser 6 with the condenser tube 26 in a communicating state, and the condenser 6 and the evaporator 1 are connected by a pipe 16.

When the absorption cycle in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 3 is represented on a diagram, as shown in FIG. 5, a -a'-b -c -c'-
The solution cycle is composed of d-e-e'-f-g-meh-a.

In the figure, P is the low-pressure absorber pressure, PoF is the high-pressure absorber pressure, and P is also the low-pressure generator pressure.

is the high pressure generator pressure.

The refrigerant that cooled the cold water in the evaporator 1 and evaporated is absorbed into a solution in the low-pressure absorber 2 and changes into the solution a-a'-b, and then the solution changes into b-c in the low-pressure heat exchanger 27. Enters high pressure absorber 3.

The solution further generates a lower pressure in the high pressure absorber 3, absorbs the refrigerant generated in the vessel 5, changes to c - c' - d, and is transferred to the high pressure heat exchanger 2.
8 becomes d - e and enters the high pressure generator 4.

In this high pressure generator 4, the solution is heated by the heat source, releases the refrigerant and changes into e-e'-f, passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 28, enters the low-pressure generator 5, and is heated by the heat source.
Furthermore, the refrigerant is released and changes to g-meh, and the low-pressure heat exchanger 2
7, it enters the low pressure absorber 2 and the cycle completes.

The refrigerant generated in the high-pressure generator 4 is condensed and returned to the evaporator 1 through the pipe 16, and the low-pressure solution cycle and the high-pressure solution cycle are not separated into one cycle, and the concentration range C in FIG. This means that the amount of heating will be reduced by ’-〆.

Therefore, in the cycle of this example, the concentration of the solution in the generator is lower than that of the single-stage cycle, making it easier to generate refrigerant even when the heat source temperature is low, and therefore operation at a lower heat source temperature than in the single-stage cycle is possible. becomes possible.

Fig. 5 shows an example of the use of the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention, but when the supply of heat source heat to the low-pressure generator is stopped, the cycle becomes as shown in Fig. 5 I, and the conventional single-stage absorption The shape is almost the same as the cycle, and the efficiency is also almost the same.

As the supply of heat source heat to the low-pressure generator 5 is gradually increased, the cycle approaches a two-stage absorption cycle as shown in Figure 5; By performing this together with a single-stage absorption cycle, the coefficient of performance increases and the effective use of heat is achieved, and the cycle can be freely changed from a single-stage absorption cycle to a two-stage absorption cycle. Therefore, it is possible to operate efficiently over a wide range of heat source temperatures.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a pipe 17' is provided so that a part of the absorption solution sent from the low pressure absorber 2 to the high pressure absorber 3 can be bypassed to the low pressure generator 5. A throttling mechanism 19 or a valve is provided as necessary, and the cycle in this case is as shown in Fig. 7, in which the concentration width of the high pressure generator 4 increases, the concentration width C'-〆 becomes larger, and the efficiency is further improved. will be done.

In addition to a low-pressure absorber that operates at evaporator pressure and a high-pressure generator that operates at condenser pressure, there are multiple intermediate-pressure absorbers and intermediate-pressure generators that operate at a pressure intermediate between evaporator pressure and condenser pressure. The solution is configured to flow from the low-pressure absorber to the high-pressure generator through the intermediate-pressure absorber with a high pressure, and to return to the low-pressure absorber through the intermediate-pressure generator with a low pressure. It is also possible to provide a structure that can perform a cycle as shown in FIG. 8 and operate over a wide temperature range.

In the above figure, 21 is the partition wall, 22.23 is the spray, 30
is the communication part.

In carrying out the present invention, it is also possible to configure a part of the solution to be selectively bypassed to change the amount of solution flowing through each device. By bypassing the high-pressure absorber 3, the concentration width of a'-b can be made larger than the concentration width of e'-f.

Furthermore, manually operated or automatically operated valves such as automatic valves may be interposed in each pipe as necessary to assist in capacity control.

According to the present invention, the solution concentration of the generator is rarer than that of a single stage, making it easier to generate refrigerant even when the heat source temperature is low.
Therefore, it is possible to operate at a lower heat source temperature than in the case of a single stage, and the cycle can be changed freely from one close to a single stage absorption cycle to one close to a two stage absorption cycle. Therefore, for a wide range of heat source temperatures, It is possible to operate efficiently, improving efficiency compared to conventional two-stage absorption refrigerators, and depending on the state of the heat source obtained, it is possible to obtain a significantly more efficient refrigeration cycle and reduce fuel consumption. The machine can be operated very economically, and by simplifying the auxiliary equipment, it can be constructed at low cost and ensure safe operation.In addition, in the present invention, by configuring it so that it can use various high heat sources and low heat sources, It has features such as being able to operate over a wider temperature range, smoothly transitioning between cycles, increasing safety and simplifying maintenance and security.

, Brief explanation of the drawings Figure 1 is a cycle diagram of a conventional single-stage absorption cycle, Figure 2 is a cycle diagram of a conventional single-stage absorption cycle.
The figure is a cycle diagram of a conventional two-stage absorption cycle, Figure 3 is a system explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a cycle diagram of the example in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a cycle diagram of an example of its use. FIG. 6 is a system explanatory diagram of another embodiment, FIG. 7 is a cycle diagram of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a cycle diagram of another embodiment.

1... Evaporator, 2... Low pressure absorber, 3
...High pressure absorber, 4...High pressure generator,
5...Low pressure generator, 6...Condenser, 7
...Low pressure absorber pump, 8...High pressure absorber pump, 9...Refrigerant pump, 10...
...Liquid circulation pipe, 11...Cold water tube, 12
......Cooling water tube, 13...Absorber tube, 14゜15.16,17,18...
Piping, 19... Throttle mechanism, 20, 22, 23.
...Spray, 21...Partition wall, 24,
25... Generator tube, 26... Condenser tube, 27... Low pressure heat exchanger, 28...
...High pressure heat exchanger, 30...Communication part, A, B,
C...Can body.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In an absorption refrigerator equipped with an evaporator, a low pressure absorber, a high pressure absorber, a low pressure generator, a high pressure generator, a condenser, and a solution path and a refrigerant path connecting these devices, a high pressure Equipped with a heat exchanger and a low pressure heat exchanger, the absorption solution is circulated through the following route (a), and between the low pressure side dilute solution and the low pressure side concentrated solution, and between the high pressure side dilute solution and the high pressure side concentrated solution. An absorption refrigerator characterized by exchanging heat with a solution. (a) Low pressure absorber → low pressure heat exchanger tertiary side → high pressure absorber →
High pressure heat exchanger secondary side → high pressure generator → high pressure heat exchanger - next side → low pressure generator → low pressure heat exchanger - next side → low pressure absorber.