JPS5848171B2 - Optical machine with floating objective optical system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an optical machine suitable for, for example, magnifying and observing a constantly moving object with an eyepiece at a fixed position or photographing it on a photosensitive plate at a fixed position.

For example, tests to observe or photograph the state of cells in the cornea of the eye are necessary for diagnosing corneal and other diseases, diagnosing the state of healing after corneal transplantation, and the like.

Diagnosis using a conventional corneal endothelial cell microscope involves injecting an anesthetic into the eye, pressing the patient's face against a frame, and pressing the tip of an objective lens fixed to the microscope body against the eyeball.

However, because the anesthesia numbs the senses in the eyes,
Since the patient is not aware of whether or not the objective lens is in proper contact with the eyeball, the pressing force may become excessive or insufficient, or the objective lens may separate from the eyeball.

In addition to this, the corneal position constantly moves due to fluctuations in intraocular pressure and pulse tightness.

If the pressing force is too high, it will cause injury to the eyes, and if the pressing force is insufficient, the microscope will go out of focus.

As a result, the current situation is that even if 100 photographs are taken, for example, only a few of them will be of good quality.

This invention includes a corneal microscope as exemplified above,
In an optical machine that uses a floating objective optical system, the objective optical system is always pressed against the object to be inspected with an approximately constant and appropriate pressing force, but at this time, the object to be inspected does not cause the objective optical system to float. The purpose of this is to prevent the object from becoming impossible to inspect if the distance exceeds the limit, or from damaging the objective optical system or the object to be inspected by moving closer than the limit. The purpose is to prevent eye injuries caused by getting too close.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on an example in which the present invention is implemented in the illustrated square microscope.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a front lens, and 2 and 3 are rear lenses, which are housed in a common floating lens barrel 4 and constitute an objective lens unit.

The floating lens barrel 4 is movably supported by the main body as described later.

The light rays exiting the rear lens 3 are made parallel, and an image is formed on an imaging plane 6 by an imaging lens 5 provided on the lens in this example, and the image is magnified and observed by an eyepiece 7.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a reflecting mirror or a semi-transparent mirror which is detachably installed in front of the imaging plane 6 and forms an image captured by the objective lens unit on the photosensitive plate 9.

10 is a light source for observation, and its light is transmitted through a condenser lens 11 and an aperture 1.
2. The parallel light beam is made into parallel light beams by the collimating lens 13, reflected by a reflecting mirror 15 provided in a part of the parallel light beam area 14 of the microscope, and travels backward through the objective lens unit to illuminate the examined region.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a photographic light source, and its light passes through a condensing lens 17 and a reflecting mirror 18, and then follows the same path as the light from the light source 10 to illuminate the region to be examined.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a guide tube provided in the machine frame 20 of the main body, and the floating lens barrel 4 is supported inside thereof so as to be movable in the direction of the arrow 21.

This guide tube 19 has a large number of steel balls inside, and is designed to minimize movement friction of the lens barrel 4.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a bell crank whose middle part is supported by the machine frame 20 by a shaft 23. The upper end of its vertical arm contacts the rear surface of the bin 24 protruding from the outer surface of the lens barrel 4, and its horizontal arm extends forward. It constitutes a screw rod 25.

An adjustment weight 26 is screwed into the screw rod 25, and its weight applies a counterclockwise moment to the bell crank 22 in FIG. 2, thereby pushing the lens barrel 4 forward.

This pressing force can be adjusted by moving the adjustment weight, and the approximate size is a number? /crtt.

Another protrusion 21 is provided on the floating lens barrel 4, and a switch 28 is provided at the rear of the protrusion 21, and a switch 29 is provided in front of the protrusion 21.
is located.

Switch 28 has only normally open contacts, and switch 29 has normally open contacts 29a and normally closed contacts 29b.

The switch 28 is connected to the power source 30 in series with the buzzer 31, and the contacts 29a and 29b of the switch 29 are connected to the power source 30 in series with the indicator lights 32 and 33, respectively.

In the above-described apparatus, when the patient's face is placed in the position defined by the machine frame 20, the distal end surface of the front lens 1 is moved toward the eye 340 with a pressing force determined by the adjustment weight 26.
When pressed against the cornea 35, even if the cornea moves back and forth due to the various causes mentioned above, it always follows this movement with a constant pressing force.

Changes in the optical path length caused by such movement of the objective lens unit are absorbed by the parallel light beam region 14, so that illumination, observation, photography, etc. of the test site can be performed without being affected by this movement at all. Can be done.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the switch is operating normally, the indicator light 33 is lit by the normally closed contact 29b of the switch 29, indicating that it is safe, but if for some reason When the eye 34 approaches too much, the lens barrel 4 is moved back greatly due to the pressing force of the eye, as shown in FIG.
This causes the switch 28 to close and the buzzer 31 to sound, alerting the eye before it occurs.

Furthermore, if the eye 34 moves too far away from the device and reaches the limit that the objective lens unit can follow, the lens barrel 4 is pushed forward by the bell crank 22 as shown in FIG. At the same time, the normally closed contact 29b opens and the indicator light 33 goes out, and at the same time the normally open contact 29a closes and the indicator light 32 indicating that inspection is not possible lights up.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the front lens 1 is used as the optical member at the tip that faces or contacts the eyeball, but instead, an optical member at the tip with an appropriate shape such as a cylinder or a disk may be used as the lens. They can be used in combination.

Moreover, as a detection means in place of the switches 28 and 29, an appropriate one such as an optical sensor or a magnetic sensor can be used.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the floating lens barrel 4 moves out of the range where an appropriate pressing force can be obtained, this is indicated by the indicator light 32 or the buzzer 31. Inspections can be carried out correctly with peace of mind, and if an inspection becomes impossible or dangerous, it is displayed without delay to prevent useless inspections from continuing or damage to the inspected object, inspection machine, etc. However, it can prevent eye injuries, especially during eye examinations.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an optical path diagram of a corneal microscope implementing this invention, Figure 2
The figure is a surface measurement of the front part, Figure 3 is a surface measurement similar to Figure 2 when the pressure on the eyeball is excessive, and Figure 4 is a surface measurement similar to Figure 2 when the eyeball is separated. It is a surface diagram. 1... Front lens, 2 and 3... Rear lens, 4... Floating lens barrel, 5...
...Imaging lens, 19...Guiding tube, 20...
... Machine frame, 22 ... Bell crank, 26.
...Adjustment weight, 27...Protrusion (moving member)
, 28 and 29... switch, 30...
・Power supply, 31...Buzzer, 32...Indicator light.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Contains a distal optical member facing the object to be inspected and a rear lens that parallelizes the image beam of the inspected object, and also comes into contact with the object to be inspected to maintain a predetermined distance between this and the distal optical member. A floating lens barrel having a means for moving the lens barrel is supported on the main body so as to be movable in the optical axis direction, and the main body is provided with a suppressing mechanism that presses the lens barrel with a relatively weak force toward the object to be inspected, The movable member fixed to the lens barrel is sandwiched between the movable member, and detecting means for the movable member are provided in the main body at positions before and after the movable member, and each of these detecting means is configured to operate an indicator light or an alarm. Optical machine with floating objective optics.