JPS5848172B2 - Optical machine with floating objective optical system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an optical machine suitable for, for example, magnifying and observing a constantly moving object with an eyepiece at a fixed position or photographing it on a photosensitive plate at a fixed position.

For example, tests to observe or photograph the state of cells in the cornea of the eye are necessary for diagnosing corneal and other diseases, diagnosing the state of healing after corneal transplantation, and the like.

Diagnosis using a conventional corneal endothelial cell microscope involves injecting an anesthetic into the eye, pressing the patient's face against a frame, and pressing the tip of an objective lens fixed to the microscope body against the eyeball.

However, because the sense of the eyes is paralyzed by anesthesia, it is difficult to check whether the objective lens is in proper contact with the eyeball.
Since the patient is not aware of this, the pressing force may become excessive or insufficient, or the objective lens may separate from the eyeball.

In addition to this, the corneal position constantly moves due to fluctuations in intraocular pressure and pulse tightness.

If the pressing force is too high, it will cause injury to the eyes, and if the pressing force is insufficient, the microscope will go out of focus.

As a result, the current situation is that even if 100 photographs are taken, for example, only a few of them will be of good quality.

This invention includes a corneal microscope as exemplified above,
In an optical machine using a floating objective optical system, the objective is to realize a mechanism that always presses the objective optical system against the object to be inspected with an approximately constant and appropriate pressing force.
This will be explained below with reference to illustrated embodiments.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a front lens, and 2 and 3 are rear lenses, which are housed in a common floating lens barrel 4 and constitute an objective lens unit.

The floating lens barrel 4 is movably supported by the main body as described later.

The light rays exiting the rear lens 3 are made parallel, and an image is formed on an imaging plane 6 by an imaging lens 5 provided on the main body side, and the image is magnified and observed by an eyepiece lens 7.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a reflecting mirror or a semi-transparent mirror which is detachably installed in front of the imaging plane 6 and forms an image captured by the objective lens unit on the photosensitive plate 9.

10 is a light source for observation, and its light is transmitted through a condenser lens 11 and an aperture 1.
2. The parallel light beam is made into parallel light by the collimating lens 13, reflected by the reflecting mirror 15 provided in a part of the parallel line area 14 of the microscope, and travels backward through the objective lens unit to illuminate the region to be examined.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a photographic light source, and its light passes through a condensing lens 17 and a reflecting mirror 18, and then follows the same path as the light from the light source 10 to illuminate the region to be examined.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a guide tube provided in the machine frame 20 of the main body, and the floating lens barrel 4 is supported inside thereof so as to be movable in the direction of the arrow 21.

This guide tube 19 has a large number of steel balls inside, and is designed to minimize movement friction of the lens barrel 4.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a bell crank whose middle part is supported by the machine frame 20 by a shaft 23. The upper end of its vertical arm contacts the rear surface of a pin 24 protruding from the outer surface of the lens barrel 4, and its horizontal arm extends forward. I am on guard against Raekashi 25.

An adjustment weight 26 is screwed into the screw rod 25, and its weight applies a counterclockwise moment to the bell crank 22 in FIG. 2, thereby pushing the lens barrel 4 forward.

This pressing force can be adjusted by moving the adjustment weight, and its approximate size is several fl/crA.

Another protrusion 27 is provided on the floating lens barrel 4, with a switch 28 at the rear and a switch 29 at the front.
is located.

Switch 28 has only normally open contacts, and switch 29 has normally open contacts 29a and normally closed contacts 29b.

The switch 28 is connected to the power supply 30 in series with the puzzer 31, and the contact point 2 9 a t 2 9 of the switch 29
b is connected to the power source 30 in series with the indicator lights 32 and 33, respectively.
It is connected to the.

In the above-described apparatus, when the patient's face is placed in the position defined by the machine frame 20, the distal end surface of the front lens 1 is moved toward the eye 340 with a pressing force determined by the adjustment weight 26.
When pressed against the cornea 35, even if the cornea moves back and forth due to the various causes mentioned above, it always follows this movement with a constant pressing force.

Changes in the optical path length caused by such movement of the objective lens unit are absorbed by the parallel light beam region 14, so that illumination, observation, photography, etc. of the test site can be performed without being affected by this movement at all. Can be done.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the switch is operating normally, the indicator light 33 is lit by the normally closed contact 29b of the switch 29, indicating that it is safe, but if for some reason When the eye 34 approaches too much, the lens barrel 4 is moved back greatly due to the pressing force of the eye, as shown in FIG.
This causes the switch 28 to close and the buzzer 31 to sound, alerting the user to the injury before the eye is injured.

Furthermore, if the eye 34 moves too far away from the device and reaches the limit that the objective lens unit can follow, the lens barrel 4 is pushed forward by the bell crank 22 as shown in FIG. At the same time, the normally closed contact 29b opens and the indicator light 33 goes out, and at the same time the normally open contact 29a closes and the indicator light 32 indicating that inspection is not possible lights up.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the front lens 1 is used as the optical member at the tip that faces or contacts the eyeball, but instead, an optical member at the tip with an appropriate shape such as a cylinder or a disk may be used as the lens. They can be used in combination.

As described above, according to the present invention, the objective lens unit supported in a floating state follows and moves while contacting the object to be inspected with a substantially constant pressing force, so that excessive pressing force is not applied to the object to be inspected. Observations and photographs can be carried out in a fixed position without having to move the object or remove it, and especially in the case of eyeball examinations, there is no risk of injury.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an optical path diagram of a corneal microscope implementing this invention, Figure 2
The figure is a side view of the front part, Figure 3 is a side view similar to Figure 2 when the pressure on the eyeball is excessive, and Figure 4 is a side view similar to Figure 2 when the eyeball is separated. It is. 1... Front lens, 2 and 3... Rear lens, 4... Floating lens barrel, 5...
...Imaging lens, 19...Guiding tube, 20...
... Machine frame, 22 ... Bell crank, 25.
... Spiral rod, 26 ... Adjustment weight.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Contains a distal optical member facing the object to be inspected and a rear lens that parallelizes the image beam of the inspected object, and also comes into contact with the object to be inspected to maintain a predetermined distance between this and the distal optical member. A vertical arm of a bell crank whose center is pivoted to the main body is coupled to the floating lens barrel and its horizontal A movable and adjustable weight is provided on the arm, and an observation or photography optical system including an imaging lens for the collimated image beam is arranged in the main body behind the floating lens barrel. Optical machine with floating objective optics.