JPS5849801B2 - How to set up the rails - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a device for a vehicle that detects an error or deviation (deviation) of the actual state (position) of a rail of a vehicle from its specified state (position), comprising a device for converting said deviation into an electrical signal proportional thereto, the output of said converting device being connected to the input of an analyzer for the amplitude and polarity of said signal, said analyzer having a comparison stage; The present invention relates to a vehicle device in which an output signal is extracted from the comparison stage when a predetermined lower limit value of an amplitude region is exceeded from the input f.

In known devices of this kind, the error values are measured in each case only between the positive and negative peaks, without taking into account the reference or zero line, which partially leads to unsuitable results.

Errors occurring above and below the zero line (not taken into account) are always evaluated the same, and no trend can be found in which direction the error curve moves away from the zero line even with the individual measurement paths.

Finding such trends always requires a large number of measurement runs.

The object of the invention is to make it possible to evaluate the direction and magnitude of rail errors in a device of the type mentioned at the outset and to record or store the number and direction and magnitude of the errors.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the analyzer is provided with an output corresponding to the respective amplitude range and peak, from which output the responses of at least three comparison stages are connected. Therefore, an output signal is taken out, and a storage or storage device for storing or storing the output state of the signal is connected downstream on the output side, and the output side of the storage or storage device is provided with a blocking circuit. is connected to a counter corresponding separately to each amplitude region and both extremes through the counters, and when the comparison stage of the higher amplitude region in terms of magnitude generates its output signal, it is controlled by this output signal. The blocking circuit is arranged to block the output signal of the storage device of the comparison stage in the lower amplitude range from being input to a counter connected downstream of this storage device, and the blocking circuit has a deblocking input. , connected to a device for detecting the occurrence of an input voltage amplitude corresponding to a predetermined reference voltage or reference voltage region, the detection device comprising:
This problem is solved by releasing the blocking action of the blocking circuit for a short time when the input voltage amplitude deviates from the predetermined reference voltage or reference voltage range.

With the special configuration of the invention as defined in the claims, the magnitude of successive maximum values of errors or deviations in the positive and negative regions from the specified course (state) of the rail can be automatically determined. This allows the railway management to quickly understand and measure errors or deviations in rail conditions that have a significant impact on the running condition of the rolling stock, as well as detect sequential errors or deviations within positive and negative regions. Successive error peak values or amplitude values can be determined.

Therefore, if the rail condition is analyzed according to the structure of the present invention, error amplitudes of the same magnitude in the positive and negative regions, and rail errors of the same magnitude that are immediately successive in the positive and negative regions can be detected. can capture the frequency of

Furthermore, in the case of the three comparison stage arrangement, the input signal can be assigned to one of three amplitude ranges depending on its magnitude, which further increases or refines the representation of the measured values analyzed by the analyzer. obtain.

In that case, in the first amplitude region, a signal corresponding to an error (deviation) from the rail specified state (position) that is within the permissible deviation range, and in the second amplitude region, a signal that corresponds to an error (deviation) from the rail specified state (position) that is within the permissible deviation range; A signal corresponding to an error (deviation) that does not cause a danger in the above is stored, and a signal that corresponds to an error (deviation) that causes a danger in driving is stored in the third amplitude region. It is accumulated in three separate counters, one for each positive and negative signal.

Using these results, it is then possible to carry out immediate subsequent corrections of significant rail errors or, if necessary, mechanical operations for the maintenance of the entire rail.

On the other hand, the device configuration of the known technology only detects the error frequency in various amplitude ranges, but does not provide any information about the direction of the error (positive or negative deviation from the target value). At best, it can only roughly evaluate the condition of the rail in the height direction of the rail, and is insufficient to evaluate the condition of the rail in terms of gauge error and lateral position error of the rail. It is something.

However, these two parameters, gauge (wheel track) error and rail lateral position error, are extremely important for the dynamic customization of railway vehicles and the operational safety ratio, especially in view of the increasing maximum speed of line sections. have

For example, gauge narrowing causes a wave-like lateral displacement of the rail relative to its nominal position, which wave-like lateral displacement is further amplified by the dynamic lateral forces of the train passing through the section.

Therefore, it is very important to capture from the recorded measurement results not only the frequency of gauge errors, but also the direction in which the errors occur (negative value for gauge narrowing, positive value for gauge widening).

It is also important to know the direction of lateral position errors in curves, especially of the rails.

This is because the degree of curvature of the rail relative to the specified radius of curvature of the curve locally increases or decreases due to the error.

This results in significant changes in the dynamic lateral forces acting between the vehicle and the rail, such as centrifugal forces.

Since the device of the present invention can detect such errors in the rail condition, that is, the frequency, magnitude, and direction of deviations from the specified position or condition of the rail, the present invention can detect various aspects of the rail condition for the first time. This allows accurate understanding of the situation and the need for correction for significant errors or deviations.

Positional errors, which are rail positional deviations, occur suddenly one after another in the positive or negative direction.

This results in high frequency measurements.

Since this rail position error is dangerous to railway operation depending on its value, it must be recorded and corrected if it exceeds a predetermined value.

Low frequency measurements correspond to errors that appear over long distances in the rail.

This is not a danger to railway operations.

Therefore the rail with this low frequency measurement is
It is assumed that it is in the specified position.

For this purpose, a filter device 7 extracts low-frequency signal components from the overall error measurement and forms from this a non-zero reference voltage or measurement standard.

Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
Of course, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, one element is provided with four strain gauges 1, 2, 3, 4, which are curved depending on the parameters of the rail (see FIGS. 4 to 6).

The four strain gauges 1 to 4 are connected to each other as a Wheatstone bridge, with direct current being applied to the two diagonal points of the bridge as shown.

The output proportional to the strain in the element is the other two of the bridge.
It is led to amplifier 5 from two diagonal points.

The amplifier 5 produces a positive or negative output voltage on the conductor 6, the magnitude of this voltage being proportional to the magnitude of the distortion.

The polarity of the voltage indicates the direction of strain.

A filter circuit 7 consisting of resistors 8 and 9 and a capacitor 10 is connected to the conducting wire 6.

In the filter circuit 7 the time constant is compared with the rapid change in the output voltage.

In this case, a time constant on the order of about 1 minute is suitable for analysis of railway rails.

Since the high frequency component of the error value is suppressed by the filter circuit 7 in this way, the filtered output depends only on the low frequency component of the error value.

An amplifier 11 connected downstream of the filter circuit 7 is configured by a variable resistor 12 to have a zero output in response to a zero input.

The signal from conductor 6 and the filtered output from amplifier 11 are led to an analyzer having three voltage dividers 13, 14, 15.

In this case the various values specific to these voltage dividers are each 3
Matches one value in two error bands.

According to the invention, the magnitude of the deviation of the signal of line 6 from the filtered reference output voltage of amplifier 11 must be detected in one of six bands.

Three of these six bands are above the reference/output voltage;
The remaining three are set below that.

Furthermore, the number of deviations occurring in each band also needs to be detected.

If the deviation is sufficiently larger than the reference value, each voltage divider sends out an output signal.

This is because a voltage corresponding to the difference between the deviation and the reference value is taken out from the conductors 16, 17, and 18.

However, if the deviation from the reference value is extremely small, no output signal will be generated from the voltage divider to the conductors 16, 17, and 18.

Such deviations occur rather in areas that are not useful for analysis purposes (see FIG. 2).

Deviations (positive or negative) that peak in band 1 produce an output on lead 16.

Deviations peaking in positive or negative band 2 produce outputs on leads 16 and 17.

Deviations with peaks in positive or negative band 3 are connected to conductors 16 and 17.
and produces an output at 18.

For this purpose, conductors 16 are connected to different polarity sides of amplifiers 19.20, conductor 17 to different polarity sides of amplifiers 21.22, and conductor 18 to different polarity sides of amplifiers 23, 24. .

The filtered output voltage of the amplifier 11 is applied to different pole ratio sides of each of the amplifiers 19 to 24, respectively.

Amplifiers 19,20 feed a logic circuit with four monostables 25-28.

Furthermore, a flip-flop 29 is provided for each positive band.
~31, NAND gates 32~34, OR gates 35~
37 and counters 38-40 are provided.

Flip-flops 41 to 4 for the negative band, respectively.
3, NAND gates 44-46, OR gates 47-49
and counters 50-52 are provided.

The operation of the illustrated logic circuit will be explained below based on analysis of the signals shown in FIG.

As is clear from the figure, the trajectory of this signal starts from a reference voltage corresponding to the reference voltage at A, crosses the transition line from the dead zone to band 1 at B, reaches a peak in band 1 at C, and is disabled at D. crosses the transition line to the region, reaches the low value of the dead region at E, reaches band 1 again at F, and reaches band 1 at G.
It switches to band 2 from 1 to 2, reaches a peak in band 2 at H, finally drops to an insensitive region at ■, and reaches the reference value at J.

If the signal is at A, equilibrium with the reference voltage will occur and no output will be produced in the voltage dividers 13-15.

When the signal passes through B, the positive output of voltage divider 13 is connected to amplifier 1.
9 is excited to switch its output from a logic 0 circuit state to a logic 1 circuit state.

This output is routed to NAND gate 32, which is blocked by the output of device 25, which is now in a logic O circuit state.

At point C a switch in signal direction occurs and at point D the signal on conductor 16 is sufficient to maintain a logic 1 circuit state at the output of amplifier 19.

When this output reaches the logic O circuit state, the output of the device 25 briefly rises from the logic O circuit state to the logic 1 circuit state.

As a result, the signal blocking by the NAND gates 32, 33 and 34 is released, and the flip-flops 29, 30, 3
The output side of 1 becomes connected to counters 38-40.

However, since flip-flops 30, 31 have logic O signals at their outputs, counters 39, 40 receive no inputs.

Flip-flop 29 has a logic 1 at its output, and this signal is led to counter 38.

When device 25 returns to the logic O circuit state, the output of device 26 briefly rises to logic 1.

This signal is the reset signal for flip-flops 29-31 and is routed through OR gates 35-37 to return the outputs of the flip-flops to logic O.

The flip-flop is then prepared for the next analysis.

At point E the signal changes direction and at point F the signal on conductor 16 becomes sufficient to switch the output of amplifier 19 from a logic O to a logic 1.

At point G, the signal on conductor 17 becomes sufficiently large (positive in this case) that the positive output of amplifier 21 switches from logic O to logic 1.

This signal is routed to NAND gate 33, which is blocked at this point by the logic O output of device 25.

The logic one signal of flip-flop 30 likewise becomes a reset signal for flip-flop 29 via OR gate 35, causing the output of flip-flop 29 to return to logic O.

At point H, the signal changes direction, and at point -2, the output of amplifier 19 is returned to the logic O circuit state.

The output of device 25 rises to logic 1 for a short time, so that NAN
The blocking of signals by D gates 32-34 is released, and the outputs of flip-flops 29-31 are transmitted to counters 38-40.

Since the outputs of flip-flops 29 and 31 remain at logic O, counters 38 and 40 receive no input.

Since the output of flip-flop 30 indicates a logic 1, this signal is directed to counter 39.

When the output of device 25 goes to logic O, the output of device 26 rises to logic 1 for a short time.

This signal is the reset signal for flip-flops 29-31, which are routed through OR gates 35-37, so that the outputs of the flip-flops are returned to logic O.

During the passage of the signal from Band 2 to Band 3, the output of flip-flop 31 is set to logic 1, which causes flip-flop 30 to return to logic 0 via OR gate 36.

The circuit operates similarly when the signal goes negative with respect to the reference value.

In this case amplifiers 20, 21, 22, devices 2 7 , 2
8, NAND gates 44-46, OR gate 47
-49 and counters 50-52 are used.

As previously mentioned, when the comparison stage of the higher amplitude range in terms of magnitude generates its output signal, the blocking circuit, controlled by this output signal, causes the output signal of the storage device of the comparison stage of the lower amplitude range to An input to a counter connected downstream of this storage device is prevented.

An independent counting of all peaks is thus achieved in each of the six bands, each time the signal returns to the dead zone after reaching the peak.

There is no counting of changes in one or more bands following a peak before reaching a dead area.

Since the signal comparison continues between each input and the low frequency filtered reference signal, only the high frequency portions of the error values will be analyzed.

FIG. 3 shows a modified input device for the logic circuit of FIG.

In this case, the embodiment is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 except for the input device.

In this example, the mechanical motion derived from the variable to be analyzed is controlled by a variable resistor 5 on the bridge of the potentiometer.
3, 54, 55, 56.

Due to the coupling mechanism, the resistors 54 and 55 are moved clockwise.
The resistors 53, 56 are allowed to rotate counterclockwise.

The positive or negative output of the bridge, which is proportional to the variable to be analyzed, is led via conductors 57, 58 to a differential amplifier 59.

Differential amplifier 59 can be set to zero by variable resistor 6o.

Amplifier 60 produces a positive or negative output on leads 61, 62, which output is made to vary with the variable to be analyzed.

If the variable has a high frequency component and a low frequency component, the outputs of conductors 61 and 62 also have both frequencies.

These outputs are led to a filter circuit having an inductive resistance 63 and a capacitance 64. This filter circuit is designed to remove high frequency error signals and allow only low frequency error signals to pass.

These signals are passed to an amplifier 65, which produces a reference output on line 66 which depends only on the low frequency component.

This reference output is led on the one hand to amplifiers 19-24 and on the other hand to six voltage dividers 67-72.

In this case, the voltage dividers 67, 69, 71 receive the other input of the conductor 61, and the voltage dividers 6B, 70, 72 receive the other input of the conductor 62.

The voltage divider can be adjusted to various values and sends a signal to the dependent amplifier whenever the difference between the input signal on conductor 61 or 62 and the reference output exceeds a set value.

An example in which the device of the present invention is actually applied to a rail measuring vehicle is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

As shown in the figure, the rail measuring vehicle 73 has wheels 74 that run on rails 75.

Small wheels for measurement 76, 77.7 attached to the rail side fixed car
8 carries out measurements of deviations in rail parameters such as, for example, elevation (FIG. 4), gauge (FIG. 5), magnitude of curvature (FIG. 6).

The rail measuring car 73 is equipped with the device of the present invention, in which case at least a tape device 79 and an automatic recorder 80 are provided.
will be established to confirm the measurement results.

Deviations from the set positions of the rails indicated by alphabets in Figures 4 to 6 are at points A, C, E, and H shown in Figure 2.
, J.

In this case, FIG. 4 shows an embodiment for measuring the height deviation, which is carried out by means of potentiometers or strain gauges.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 4.

Here, the gauge is measured by small wheels 78, with wheels 81 being pressed against the upper rail in the figure and wheels 82 against the lower rail.

The distance between the two wheels is measured via strain gauges 1, 2, the outputs of which are led to an amplifier 83 of the device of the invention.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the degree of curvature is measured by the small ring 77.

In this embodiment, strain gauges 1 and 2 are also provided, and their outputs are similarly led to an amplifier 83.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a tying diagram for explaining an embodiment of the present invention;
The figure shows a typical input signal diadam to be analyzed, FIG. 3 is a partial wiring diagram of a different embodiment, and FIGS. 4 to 61 are schematic side and plan views of a rail measuring vehicle. 1~4...Strain'f 16 5,11,
19-24...Amplifier, 7...Filter circuit, 13,14,15...Voltage divider, 25-
28... Monostable circuit, 29-31; 41-4
3...Song flip-flop, 32-34...Flip-flop, 32-34; 44-46...
...NAND gate, 3.5~37; 47~4
9...OR gate, 38-40; 50-52
・・・・・・Counter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A device for a vehicle that detects an error or deviation (deviation) of the actual state (position) of a rail of a vehicle from its specified state (position), which device converts said deviation into an electrical signal proportional to the deviation. comprising a device for converting, the output of the converting device being connected to the input of an analyzer for the amplitude and ah of the signal, the analyzer having a comparator stage from which a predetermined value in the amplitude range is connected. In a vehicle device in which an output signal is extracted when an input value exceeds a lower limit value, the analyzer is provided with an output side corresponding to each amplitude region and extreme peak, and from the output side at least The output signal is taken out in accordance with the response of the three comparison stages, and a storage or storage device for storing or storing the signal output state is connected downstream on the output side, and the storage or storage device is connected downstream of the output side. If the output side of the device is connected via a blocking circuit to a counter corresponding respectively to each amplitude range and polarity separately, and the comparison stage of the higher amplitude range in terms of magnitude produces its output signal, The blocking circuit is controlled by this output signal to prevent the output signal of the storage device of the comparison stage of the lower amplitude range from being input to the counter downstream of this storage device, and The blocking release input side of the blocking circuit is
the blocking circuit is connected to a device for detecting the occurrence of an input voltage amplitude corresponding to a predetermined reference voltage or reference voltage range; A vehicle device for detecting a deviation between a specified position and an actual position of a rail, characterized in that a blocking action is released for a short period of time.