JPS5858051B2 - scuttling floating fish reef - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a floating fish reef, and more specifically, a scuttling type floating fish reef that is able to sink to the seabed with its own blade when it begins to surface due to cutting of a mooring line, etc. Regarding floating fish reefs.

Artificial fish reefs are used as fishing equipment to collect fish by changing the topography of the seabed or in the sea, or as seaside improvement and control facilities for breeding and aquaculture. Floating fish reefs are floating fish in the middle layer.

As shown in Figure 1, the fish reef generally consists of a marking part (■) and a fish reef part (■), and the marking part (■) is made up of a buoy (■) and a connecting line (■), and the reef part (■) is made up of a reef body (■) and a float body [F]. ] It consists of a floating part (■), a mooring line (■), an anchor (■), and a connecting part (■).

After the floating fish reef is floated, the floating body (2) has a surplus buoyancy large enough to maintain its position at a predetermined depth in the sea without loosening the mooring line (2) even by the fluid force of currents and waves. However, as time passes after floating, the mooring ropes or connecting parts ■ become weak due to twisting and abrasion, deterioration of the material due to repeated loads, and unforeseen accidents. As a result, the mooring line (■) is cut, the connecting part (C) is damaged, and the mooring function is lost, and the floating fish reef separates from its floating position, floats, and drifts, causing fish boats and other vessels,
Alternatively, it is expected that adjacent fish reefs, fishing equipment such as fixed nets and fishing nets in operation, and other offshore and underwater facilities may be damaged, causing major damage.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems with floating fish reefs, the present invention aims to:
We have developed a floating fish reef that has a scuttling function that allows it to sink to the sea floor by its own blade while minimizing the extent of its rise. A scuttling actuating device is installed in the float body, which is filled with a gas having a pressure corresponding to the water pressure of It is located on a scuttling floating fish reef.

In other words, when the present invention is normally floating, the gas pressure inside the float body and the seawater pressure outside maintain a constant balance, and the inside of the float body remains closed to the outside, but when the float body floats, it reaches a certain height. A scuttling actuating device is provided so that when the float rises completely, the pressure balance relationship is disrupted, the interior of the float body and the sea become in communication, and seawater flows into the float body.

Examples of the scuttling type floating reef according to the present invention include a siphon type and a rupture disc type.

The former siphon type floating fish reef, for example, as shown in Fig. 2, has an appropriately shaped hollow float body with an opening [phase] at the bottom. The basic structure includes one or more approximately U-shaped siphons 0 with their external open ends set outside the float body [ F] is required to be configured above the lower end opening [phase], and when the float body rises to a certain height, the gas pressure inside the float body and the seawater pressure outside The pressure balance in the siphon collapses, and the gas pressure forces the seawater inside the siphon into the outside seawater, emptying the siphon.The gas also turns into bubbles and flows out from the siphon, and new seawater flows into the opening at the bottom. The water flows into the float body from above and scuttling occurs.

The siphon type floating fish reef can be implemented in various types, such as a sedimentation compression type, a sedimentation air supply type, and a filling type, depending on the mode of sinking in the sea. When the float body settles, the siphon is filled with seawater to temporarily close the external opening end, and the float body is emptied to allow the float body to settle, so that it can respond to changes in water pressure. After the seawater level flowing into the float body from the lower opening reaches a level above the lower end of the siphon, the outer opening end is opened and the float is lowered into the sea to a predetermined depth, until the reference water level is reached as shown in the figure. Line A-
The siphon A is floated so that it is located at an appropriate height from the lower end of the siphon.

In addition, for the sinking air supply type, the valve material short pipe 0 is placed in the open state as shown by the imaginary line near the set water level line A-A of the float body, and the inside of the siphon and the float body are emptied until the water reaches the planned water depth. By settling, most of the air inside the float is discharged from the siphon to the outside, and then an air supply hose is inserted into the opening at the bottom to supply gas at a pressure higher than seawater pressure. After confirming that the reference water level line A-A has dropped to a predetermined position due to air bubbles ejecting from the short valve material pipe, the short valve material pipe is closed and the air supply hose is removed to complete the floating installation.

Furthermore, in the case of a filling type, before submerging it in the sea, water is poured into the float body and the reference water level line A-A is set at the position shown in the floating state, and the siphon is also sufficiently filled with seawater. After injecting, the external opening end and lower opening of the siphon are temporarily closed, and the gas is pumped through the valve material short pipe 0 installed near the reference water level line A-A of the float body to reach the planned floating water depth. Set the inside of the float to the corresponding pressure.

Next, close the short valve material pipe and sink the float into the sea, and at the planned water depth, open the external opening end of Sipe 5-on and the lower opening of the float to complete the floating installation as shown in Figure 2. It is something.

In this way, there are various floating modes for the siphon type, but the important point is that when the floating is completed, the reference water level line A-A in the hollow float body having an opening at the bottom is the lower end of the siphon inside the float body. It is only necessary to set the gas pressure inside the float body to be higher than the reference water level line A-A.
The gas body is sealed by the seawater inside the siphon and does not come out of the float, but remains under the sea with a constant buoyancy.

If the float body floats due to an accident, etc., the pressure balance relationship described above will collapse as the seawater pressure decreases, and the seawater inside the float body and the siphon will be pushed outside by the gas pressure, and the reference water level line A- When A descends below the lower end of the siphon, the inside of the siphon becomes empty and the gas flows out through the siphon, losing buoyancy and sinking.

On the other hand, there are various types of rupture disc type floating fish reefs that have a similar scuttling function, corresponding to the above-mentioned siphon type, such as the sedimentation compression type, the sedimentation air supply type, and the filling type. An opening is provided in the hollow float body that encloses a gas at a constant pressure, and a rupture disc that can be easily destroyed by a pressure difference is attached to the opening as a scuttling actuating device.

In other words, the rupture disc installed in the float body is destroyed when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the float body exceeds a certain value, and in normal floating conditions, the pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the float body and the seawater pressure outside the float body. is within the set range, the rupture disc maintains its shape, and therefore the float body encloses gas and generates buoyancy, but if the float body floats, it will rise to a certain height. When this happens, the pressure balance collapses and the rupture disc breaks, allowing seawater to flow into the float.

In the case of the sedimentation compression type, the float body is divided into upper and lower sections, a Western-style chamber and an auxiliary chamber, and a check valve is installed in each section, a rupture disc is installed in the Western-style chamber, and a lower opening is installed in the auxiliary chamber. When the float is set afloat, the float body is left empty and allowed to sink vertically, and the air in the preliminary chamber is forced into the float chamber through a check valve.

In addition, the sinking air supply type has a structure in which a seawater inlet/outlet and an air supply part are provided on the float body, and when floating, the seawater inlet/outlet is open and an air supply hose is attached to the air supply part to keep it empty. The float body is lowered into the sea, and seawater is guided into the float body from the seawater inlet/outlet part, and at the floating position, a high-pressure gas is sent into the floater body from the air supply hose to drain the internal seawater from the seawater inlet/outlet part to the outside. Furthermore, in the case of a filling type, the float body is divided into a floating chamber and a preliminary filling chamber with a sealed lid via a rupture disc, and the After filling most of the pre-filling chamber with liquid, the pre-filling chamber and the empty floating chamber are filled with a gas at a pressure approximately equivalent to the floating seawater pressure, and then the float body is The container is submerged in the sea, and at a predetermined position, the airtight lid is removed to open the preliminary filling chamber into the sea.

When all of the above-mentioned rupture disc type floating fish reefs are fully floated, the gas pressure inside the float body acts on one side of the rupture disc, and the water pressure in the sea acts on the other side, and when the float body floats to the surface, it remains constant. When the ship rises to a certain height, the rupture disc breaks due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside, causing the ship to scuttle.

The details of the present invention will be explained below based on various embodiments of the rupture disc type shown in the drawings.
The figure shows a settling air supply type, and Figure 5 shows a filling type.
In both cases, a rupture disc [phase] as a scuttling actuator is inserted into an opening [phase] provided in a hollow float body of arbitrary shape, such as a spherical shape.
Yes] is attached.

That is, in the sedimentation compression type, the float body [F] is divided into upper and lower parts of the floating chamber O and the preliminary chamber [phase], and a check valve [phase] is installed in the divided part, and the float body [F] is installed at an appropriate place in the floating chamber 0, e.g. There is a rupture disc on the top [
In addition, the preliminary chamber [phase] shall be provided with a lower opening [phase], and in the case of the submerged air supply type, a rupture disc [phase] shall be provided at the upper opening of the floating body, such as a spherical body. , the seawater inlet/outlet part O and the air supply part [phase] are provided at appropriate locations.

Various types of air supply can be implemented in the sedimentation air supply type, and Fig. 4a shows a float body.
The air supply part [phase] is equipped with a check valve O, and when floating the float body 0, the valve sealing short pipe O is closed manually or the air supply part connected to the air supply part [phase] This requires diving to manually remove the hose.

Figure 4 shows an example of a float body [F] that does not require diving work, and the float body [F] is divided into an upper and lower spherical floating chamber 0 and a preliminary chamber [phase] as in Figure 4 a. At the same time, a check valve [phase] is installed in the compartment, and a lower opening [phase] is installed in the preliminary chamber [phase].
has been established.

An annular hollow pipe @ with a horizontally protruding patch plate [phase] installed on the side was inserted into the lower opening [phase], and connected to the hanging soil ring O provided at the end of the patch plate [phase]. Hanging rope @ with backing plate [
phase] so as to be pulled upward, and a pull-out ring @ is provided at a suitable location at the bottom of the hollow tube @, and an L-shaped arm @ of a certain height is hung from the bottom of the float body [F], An auxiliary rope suspended from the sea is attached to the auxiliary pull-out ring provided at the end of the arm.
Connect the auxiliary cable [phase] end to the pull-out ring @ by inserting the
Further, the hollow tube @ is engaged with an air supply hose [phase] whose tip is a substantially U-shaped air supply section [phase].

Furthermore, a check valve @, which is the seawater inlet/outlet part O elastically biased by a spring, is provided near the bottom of the floating chamber 0 of the float body [F], and one rod @ is guided on the backing plate [phase]. [Phase] The rod is placed vertically with ■, and the tip of the rod pushes up the check valve from below to open the check valve, which is normally closed.

Furthermore, what is shown in Fig. 4C is an example of a float body (■) that similarly does not require diving work, and near the top of the float body [F] there is a check valve O, which is a seawater inlet/outlet part (■), and an air supply part [ A check valve that is
and.

The check valve [phase] connects a guide pipe O inside the float body [F], and positions the end of the guide pipe O near the bottom inside the float body [F].

On the other hand, an air supply hose [phase] can be attached to the check valve O, and an arm O is provided protruding from the hose [phase], and a rod ■ is attached to the end of the arm O. The normally closed check valve [phase] is forced open by pressing the check valve O from the outside.

Finally, in the case of a filling type, the float body 0 is connected to a spherical floating chamber @ and a preliminary filling chamber [phase] provided at the top of the floating chamber 0, and a rupture plate [phase].
At the same time, an opening [phase] sealed with a lid plate and a short valve-sealing pipe [phase] were provided on the upper surface of the preliminary filling chamber O, and a short valve-sealing pipe O was also provided in the floating chamber 0. The valve-sealing short pipe [phase] O is connected to a pressure equalizing pipe [phase] in which one air supply pipe is branched into two at the end.

As a cover plate for sealing the opening [phase] of the preliminary filling chamber O,
Although a general sealing cover plate may be used, in this embodiment, a cover plate (with one) that can be automatically detached after floating the float and be recovered at sea is used.

That is, as shown in Figs. 6 to 8, the opening [phase] of the prefilling chamber [phase]
The opening O is elliptical, and the opening O is closed from the inside of the opening O with a similar elliptical cover plate having a larger area through the packing. By screwing the tip of the bolt ■ inserted from above into the center hole of the curved lever [phase] that straddles the opening [phase] into the screw hole [phase] provided in the center of the cover plate [present], the cover plate [present] Measure the installation.

A mounting part to which a suspension rope is attached is provided at one end of the upper surface of the cover plate along the long axis, so that the cover plate can be recovered at sea.

The rupture disc [phase] may be attached by simply stretching it to the opening [phase] of the float body [F], but the
As shown in the figure, if a lattice-shaped receiving part [phase] is formed in the opening [phase] and the rupture disc [phase] is placed on top of it, the float body [F] will float and the water pressure will be increased. Even if the pressure becomes higher than the internal pressure of the float body [F], the rupture disc [phase] will not undergo reverse deformation, that is, will not curve downward, and fatigue failure due to such repeated loads can be prevented.

Furthermore, in order to guarantee the long-term performance of the rupture disc @, the gas to be supplied or filled into the float body [F] should be an inert gas such as dry nitrogen gas, and a hatch such as the pre-filling chamber O should be used for the rupture disc. [Yes] It is extremely effective to protect one or both sides of the rupture disc [Yes] by storing a protective liquid such as anti-corrosion oil, which has a higher specific gravity than seawater and does not dissolve mutually with seawater, in the lower part of the hatch. It is.

The configuration of the present invention is as described above, and in the sedimentation compression type shown in FIG. It will sink into the sea with the anchor■,
As it settles, the air in the preliminary chamber [phase] is compressed and flows into the floating chamber 0 through the check valve [phase].

Therefore, if the sizes of floating chamber 0 and preliminary chamber [phase] are set appropriately, all or most of the air in preliminary chamber [phase] will be pumped to floating chamber 0 when floating is completed at the planned position. Floating room C
The pressure inside will increase by half.

Moreover, once the air has passed through the check valve [phase] and entered the floating chamber C, it does not flow back into the preliminary chamber [phase], and the pressure in the floating chamber 0 remains constant.

Next, in the case of the sinking air supply type shown in Fig. 4, in the case of a, the float body ■
Open the valve-sealing short pipe ◎, connect the air supply hose [phase] to the check valve [phase], attach the anchor ■ in the posture shown, and supply air from the hose [phase]. Let it settle without doing so.

At this time, seawater flows into the float body [F] through the valve-sealed short pipe O and compresses all the air inside the float body [F], so the pressure inside the float body 0 and the float body [F]] pressure are Always maintain a state of equilibrium.

After settling to a predetermined position, if air is supplied to the float body [F] through the air supply hose [phase] from the sea with an air pressure equal to or higher than the water depth of the float body, the seawater inside the float body 0 will be removed. flows out from the valve-sealing short pipe O, and after confirming that bubbles have come out from the valve-sealing short pipe ■ and all the seawater has flowed out, the valve-sealing short pipe O is removed.
The floating installation is completed by closing the tank, removing the air supply hose, and lifting it out to sea.

In addition, in the case of Figure 4, the hollow tube @ engaged with the air supply hose [phase] is fed into the lower opening [phase] and the suspension rope @
While pulling @ out of the sea, the auxiliary cable @ is kept loose and the float body is allowed to sink.

As it settles, seawater flows in from the lower opening [phase] and flows into the floating chamber O through the check valve [phase] together with the internal air.

When it reaches the floating position, the float body [F] is filled with seawater, and when high-pressure air is sent from the air supply hose [phase], the air passes through the check valve [phase]. The seawater is pressurized inside, and the seawater is discharged from the check valve@, and when air bubbles come out from the check valve, it is confirmed that air is filled in the floating chamber 0, and the air supply is stopped.

Next, by loosening the tensioning rope @ and strongly pulling the auxiliary rope @, the hollow tube @ comes off from the opening [phase] together with the air supply hose [phase].

When the hollow tube @ comes off, the rod @ that keeps the check valve @ open loses its support and falls, and the check valve ■ closes.

Then, when the auxiliary rope @ is released and the sling rope @ is pulled up, the hollow tube @ goes along with the air supply hose [phase], and the auxiliary rope @ slips through the auxiliary ring @ and is recovered to the sea.

Furthermore, in the case of Fig. 4 C, if the air supply hose [phase] is attached to the check valve ■ in the air supply section [phase], the rod ■ will press the check valve [phase] in the seawater inlet/output section @. In this state, the float body [F] is lowered to the floating position.

As it settles, external seawater flows into [F] through the check valve [phase], and the pressure inside and outside of the rupture disc [phase] is kept the same.

After settling to the floating position, if high-pressure air is fed from the air supply hose [phase], the air passes through the check valve O and enters the float body [F], and the seawater inside passes through the guide pipe O. The air is discharged to the outside from the check valve [phase], and the air supply is stopped after confirming from the sea that air bubbles are coming out of the check valve [phase].

If the air supply hose [phase] is pulled strongly from the sea, it will come out of the check valve ■, and at this time, the rod ■ will also stop pressing the check valve ■, and the check valve [phase] will be closed by the force of the spring. .

Furthermore, in the case of a filling type, before sedimentation, the preliminary filling chamber [phase] is filled with seawater or protective liquid at sea or on land, and the opening [phase] is closed from the inside with a cover plate [stock]. After tightening the bolts, connect the pressure equalizing pipe [phase] to the valve material short pipe [phase] ◎, and fill the preliminary filling chamber O with air or inert gas at a pressure approximately equivalent to the water pressure at the water depth planned for floating. Fill chamber 0 by pressure.

After that, if you close the valve material short pipe [phase] O, remove the pressure equalization pipe [phase], and remove the bolts that attach the cover plate [with], the pressure in the prefill chamber [phase] will increase. Because of this, the cover plate continues to close the opening [phase], while high pressure is applied to the rupture disk [phase] from both sides, but the same pressure acts on it, so the rupture disk [phase] ruptures. There is no such thing.

Therefore, when the float body [F] set as above sinks to the floating position together with the anchor ■, the pressure state acting on the inner and outer surfaces of the cover plate [present] of the pre-filling chamber [phase] becomes equal. Therefore, it comes off from the opening [phase] due to its own weight, and the inside of the preliminary filling chamber O becomes in communication with the sea.

In addition, the lid plate [with] that is separated from the opening [phase] is because the opening [phase] is elliptical and the lid plate [with] is also elliptical.
It can be easily recovered to the sea by pulling up one end of the long diameter with a suspension rope.

The floating body [F] floating in the sea as described above maintains a high pressure inside its floating chamber 0, and the pressure coverage inside and outside is maintained, so the rupture disc [phase] is not destroyed. It is located underwater with sufficient buoyancy.

As time passes after floating, the mooring line (■) is cut, the connecting part (C) is damaged, etc., and the mooring function is lost, causing the float body [F]
If the floating body floats away from its floating position, the seawater pressure will decrease as it rises, and the floating body [F
] If the pressure difference between the float body ■ and the internal pressure becomes large, and as a result, the float body ■ rises to a certain height, the rupture disc [with] will be destroyed, seawater will enter, and the float body ■ will sink to the sea floor.

Although the present invention has been explained using a rupture disc type as an embodiment, even in the case of a siphon type, the sealed state of the float [F] can be maintained by using the pressure relationship between the inside and outside of the float body [F]. It is similar to the rupture disc type described in detail in terms of formation and destruction.

As described above, the present invention provides a floating fish reef equipped with a scuttling actuator that can minimize the degree of rise and sink to the seabed by its own blade when the floating fish reef starts to surface. Since the present invention uses the siphon 0 or the rupture disc [phase] to sink the float body (2), no other mechanical devices or means are required at all. ] If a rise occurs, it can be reliably scuttled to the seabed, and even when floating, there is no need for diving at all.

Moreover, when using the rupture disc type, by arranging a lattice-shaped support part [phase] on the bottom surface of the rupture disc,
Even if the float body ■ moves and the seawater pressure becomes higher than the internal pressure of the float body [F], the rupture disc [phase] will not curve downward and reverse deformation, ensuring fatigue failure due to such repeated loading. It can be prevented.

Also, among the rupture disc types, the filling type is designed to automatically come off when the cover plate [with] of the preliminary filling chamber [phase] is floated, so after floating the float body There is no need to dive and remove the cover plate [with], and preparations for floating the float body [F] can be completed on the sea or on land, making the floating work extremely simple and quick.

In addition, in the case of the siphon type, the present invention does not simply combine the siphon and the float body, but by positioning the lower end opening [phase] of the float body [F] below the lower end of the siphon 0, the float body [ When the reference water level line A-A descends with the rise of the siphon, when the reference water level line A-A reaches the lower end of the siphon, the seawater inside the siphon and the floating body [F
) is discharged through the siphon, thereby enabling the scuttling function to be activated by the inflow of seawater from the lower end opening [phase].

In addition, since the float body [F] is composed of a spherical upper half and a cylindrical lower half as shown in Fig. 2, the cylindrical part in a seawater-infiltrated state functions as a weight when floating. It is possible to prevent the risk of overturning, etc., and because the short valve material pipe 0 is provided at the appropriate place in the cylindrical part, the reference water level line A-A in the float body ■ is set higher than the lower end of the siphon 0. There is an advantage in that the floating fish reef can be floated by an appropriate floating means such as a settling compression type, a settling air supply type, and a filling type while setting the system.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the floating state of the floating fish reef, Fig. 2 is a basic structural diagram of the float body part in the siphon type floating fish reef according to the present invention, and Figs. 3 to 5 are each of the float body parts in the rupture disc type floating fish reef. Example diagram, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the batch in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a XX sectional view in FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a Y-Y sectional view in FIG. 6, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of the batch in FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the Z-Z line in FIG. 9. F: Float body, S: Scuttling actuator, A-A: Reference water level line,
1: Mr. Beacon 2: Fish reef, 3: Buoy, 4: Connecting rope, 5
: Reef body, 6: Floating part, 7: Mooring line, 8: Anchor, 9
: Connecting part, 10: Opening part, 11: Siphon, 12: Internal opening end, 13: External opening end, 14: Valve sealing short pipe, 15:
Opening, 16: Rupture disc, 17: Floating chamber, 18: Preliminary chamber, 1
9: Check valve, 20: To lower opening sound 21: Valve sealing short pipe, 22
: Check valve, 23: Pre-filling chamber, 24: Lid plate, 25: Opening, 26: Valve-sealing short pipe, 27: Valve-sealing short pipe, 28: Pressure equalization piping, 29: Packing, 30 Nilever, 31: bolt, 32
: Screw hole, 33: Suspension rope, 34: Mounting part, 35: Receiving part,
36: Air supply hose, 37: Seawater inlet/outlet, 38: Air supply part, 39: Backing plate, 40: Hollow tube, 41: Lifting wind 42
: Suspension rope, 43: Pull-out ring, 44'' Arm, 45:
Auxiliary ring for withdrawal, 46: Auxiliary rope, 47: Check valve, 48: Rod, 49 Ni guide, 50: Check valve, 51: Check valve, 5
2 guide tube, 53: arm.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A float body consisting of a hollow spherical part and a cylindrical part continuous to the lower part thereof, capable of sealing a gas inside, and a siphon with one end located in the upper part of the float body and the other end located outside the float body. While integrally connected, the opening provided at the lower end of the cylindrical part of the float body is set below the lower end of the siphon, and at the appropriate location of the cylindrical part, a reference water level line inside the float body when floating is set above the lower end of the siphon. A scuttling type floating fish reef characterized by being equipped with a short pipe with a valve for setting.