JPS591436B2 - solvent composition - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention provides stabilized or non-stabilized 1,1,1-trichloroethane (hereinafter abbreviated as 1,1,1-T), methylene chloride (hereinafter abbreviated as MC), Mono- and tertiary-butanol (hereinafter abbreviated as -B), isopropanol (
(hereinafter abbreviated as IPA), n-propanol (hereinafter abbreviated as IPA), n-propanol (hereinafter abbreviated as IPA),
It relates to a solvent composition consisting of one or more types of alcohols selected from (abbreviated as n-P), and its purpose is to improve the performance as a solvent for .

Conventionally, 1, 1, 1-T has been mainly used for degreasing and cleaning metal products and some other materials, and has not been used much for other purposes such as melting and cleaning.

The reason is that when dissolving is the main focus, 1, 1
, 1-T is suitable for the above-mentioned uses, and it is presumed that this is because there were other solvents that were more suitable for other uses. However, as the amount of solvents used has increased in recent years, previously unknown correlations with safety, hygiene, and the environment are gradually becoming clearer. It is becoming no longer acceptable to select a solvent simply based on factors alone. The same is true of halogen-based (especially chlorine-based) solvents, of which there are many types, including 1, 1, 1-T.

In view of this situation, conventionally used solvents are being reconsidered, and among chlorinated solvents, 1, 1, and 1-T are considered to have relatively minor adverse effects on the environment and hygiene. are being considered as replacements for other chlorinated solvents and even other more hazardous organic solvents.

However, in reality, many problems are encountered with subtle differences in solvency and other properties, and switching between uses is not easy. For example, when switching from trichlorethylene (hereinafter abbreviated as TCE) to 1, 1, and 1-T, the power uriptanol value of each solvent (hereinafter referred to as
The KB value (abbreviated as KB value) is approximately 130 and approximately 120, respectively, which are not significantly different, but depending on the application, they may not be able to be substituted.

In addition, perchlorethylene (hereinafter abbreviated as PCE) has a low dissolving power under low temperature conditions (KB value is approximately 9
0) has a large dissolving power at the boiling point (the boiling point is 1, 1, 1-T = 74°C, TCE = 87°C, PCE = 1
21° C.) is a characteristic that is difficult to replace with anything else. If you only want to improve the dissolving power of 1, 1, 1-T, you can mix in another solvent that dissolves the material to be dissolved well.

However, it is not allowed to worsen toxicity or air pollution by mixing them, and it is not allowed to sacrifice the characteristics of some chlorinated solvents, such as their nonflammability and ease of steam cleaning. It is not a good idea to do so. As mentioned above,
Because the need for such compositions is weak and development is not easy, there has been very little research on 1,1,1-T compositions, except for stabilizer compositions for preventing metal corrosion.

For example, evaporation retardant compositions (French patent 1444410
), a mixture with PCE (Pelkey Patent 631514),
Compositions with fluorinated or chlorinated fluorinated hydrocarbons (US Pat. No. 3,351,5601, French Pat. No. 1,549,3450 for degreasing and highly non-flammable, respectively), low toxicity, flame retardant and odor-resistant compositions (German Pat. No. 1,546,103) and some others have been found. It's just a matter of getting caught. These are 1,1,1-
It adds only a small part of the functions lacking in T, and its range of use is rather limited.

In general, mixtures of two or more solvents exhibit complex behavior when used in a variety of ways, unless (and even if) they are not azeotropic. In other words, the change in the working force method changes the evaporation behavior (
(composition change over time) changes drastically, and therefore various properties such as solubility, flame retardance, and stability also change drastically. Therefore, mixed solvents are generally limited in their uses and usage. The present inventor conducted intensive research on compositions based on 1, 1, 1T, which can expand the range of application by arbitrarily and drastically improving the dissolving power, and found that methylene chloride and some The present invention was completed by discovering that a composition in which alcohol and 1,1,1-T are mixed in an appropriate ratio can achieve the intended purpose.

That is, the present invention provides 50 to 95 wt. of stabilized or unstabilized 1,1,1-T, 5 to 45 wt.% of MCl, and 1 to 15 wt.% of t-BlPAln-P. The composition is composed of the above-mentioned alcohols, and the amount of the above-mentioned MC is 2 to 25 times the amount of the above-mentioned alcohol.

Thus, the solvent compositions of the present invention have the characteristics of 1,1,1-T: (1) low toxicity, (2) low environmental pollution, (3) nonflammability, and (4) steam cleanability (relative). 1,1,1-T
Of course, since it is arbitrarily and significantly improved over MC, its scope of application is extremely wide.

Further, the present invention will be explained in detail.

1,1,1-T can be stabilized or unstabilized, and either can be used.

However, if the purpose is steam cleaning, distillation reuse, or other long-term use, stabilized 1,1,1-T should be used, as it is temporary and may corrode materials such as metals. If it is not available, a non-stabilized one may be used. In the present invention, stabilized 1,1,1-T refers to 1,1,1-T containing one or more known stabilizers as listed below,
In addition, "unstabilized" refers to 1,1,1-T that does not substantially contain a stabilizer.

There are already many known stabilizers (corrosion inhibitors for metals, etc.).

For example, oxygen-containing compounds such as epoxides, ethers, alcohols, ketones, esters and acetals, nitrogen-containing compounds such as nitriles, amines, hydrazine and aziridine derivatives, functional groups possessed by the above compounds, and others. Oxygen-containing nitrogen compounds such as various heterocyclic compounds, including combinations of functional groups, as well as phosphorus-containing and sulfur-containing compounds, are known. These may be used alone or in combination, but should be determined depending on the intended use of the solvent composition of the present invention. In addition, when seeking a product with general versatility including uses such as steam cleaning, it is desirable to select a stabilizer that not only has a stabilizing effect in liquid form but also has a superior corrosion prevention effect in steam. The amount (J) of the selected stabilizer added varies depending on its efficacy, duration of efficacy, purpose of use, etc., but is generally in the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight; -T has no noticeable effect on the properties.One or more alcohols selected from t-B, n-P and IPA and 25 times the weight of the alcohol (
Preferably 20 times by weight) or less, 2 times by weight (preferably 5 times by weight)
Weight times) or more MC is the total weight of 45? Mixed as below.

Within this range, handling and use conditions (for example, heating during steam cleaning, cooling condensation, etc.) can be almost the same as those for 1,1,1-T alone. In other words,
The mixture of MC and alcohol has a low boiling point of MC (47CC).
) and the high boiling point of alcohol (82-9
°C) to bring the boiling and evaporation behavior of both closer to that of 1,1,1-T. If the amount of MC exceeds 25 times the amount of alcohol by weight, the excess will behave as MC alone during boiling and evaporation, and the conditions for use will be far different from those in the case of 1,1,1-T alone. becomes.

On the other hand, if the amount of alcohol in which the MC is less than 2 times the weight (near the lower limit of the 1,1,IT component amount) is excessive, the excess will begin to behave like alcohol alone, and its As a result, the liquid composition at the final stage of evaporation becomes excessively alcoholic, causing major problems such as becoming particularly flammable. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1, 1, 1-T. MCl and t-B or/and n
-P and/or IPA were mixed to obtain various compositions.

The KB values and flash points of each are shown in Table 1, and the distillation behavior is shown in Table 2. For Black 1, 4 and 8 of the above compositions, a continuous steam cleaning test was conducted and the results of the changes in composition and performance are shown in Table 3.

The steam cleaning tank used in this test was a home-made rectangular parallelepiped type with an open top and a cooling coil for condensation on the upper part of the inside (a simple and ordinary type). The half-life time varies widely depending on conditions (especially cooling).

This test was conducted under the same conditions, but at a slightly accelerated rate. The solubility performance of the compositions Black 5, Stabilized 1,1,1-T (Chlorocene G manufactured by Asahi Tau Co., Ltd.) and TCE (Triclelene S manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) was compared.

The results are shown in Table 4.

[Supplement] PS is an abbreviation for polystyrene and is manufactured by Asahi Tau Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 50-95% by weight of stabilized or unstabilized 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 5-45% by weight of methylene chloride, and 1-15% by weight of one or more alcohols selected from tert-butanol, isopnopanol, and n-propanol. %
and the methylene chloride/the alcohol (
A solvent composition having a weight ratio of 2 to 25.