JPS5921216B2 - signal processing circuit - Google Patents
signal processing circuitInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5921216B2 JPS5921216B2 JP4634278A JP4634278A JPS5921216B2 JP S5921216 B2 JPS5921216 B2 JP S5921216B2 JP 4634278 A JP4634278 A JP 4634278A JP 4634278 A JP4634278 A JP 4634278A JP S5921216 B2 JPS5921216 B2 JP S5921216B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- power supply
- vcc
- signal
- signal processing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
- G01R19/16576—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing DC or AC voltage with one threshold
- G01R19/1658—AC voltage or recurrent signals
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manipulation Of Pulses (AREA)
- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は電圧比較器を使用した信号処理回路の改善に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to improvements in signal processing circuits using voltage comparators.
さらに詳細には、電圧比較器の基準電圧端子と −信号
入力端子との電圧の差を一定にすることにより、電源電
圧の変動があつても、動作レベルが変動しないようにし
た信号処理回路を提供することを目的とする。More specifically, by making the voltage difference between the reference voltage terminal and the -signal input terminal of the voltage comparator constant, the signal processing circuit prevents the operating level from changing even when the power supply voltage fluctuates. The purpose is to provide.
従来電圧比較器を用いた第、図に示すごとき信号処理回
路はよく知られている。A conventional signal processing circuit using a voltage comparator as shown in FIG. 1 is well known.
この信号処理回路では、電源電圧Ｖｃｃを抵抗Ｒ＿３と
Ｒ＿４で分圧する分圧点Ａの電圧ＶＡと、抵抗Ｒ＿１と
Ｒ＿２で分圧する分圧点Ｂの電圧ＶＢは次式のとおりに
なる。In this signal processing circuit, a voltage VA at a voltage dividing point A where the power supply voltage Vcc is divided by resistors R_3 and R_4 and a voltage VB at a voltage dividing point B which is divided by resistors R_1 and R_2 are as shown in the following equation.
ＶＡ＝・ Ｖｃｃ・・・・・・・・・・・・ （ハＲ＿
３＋Ｒ＿４
ＶＢ＝０ｖｃｃ０゜゜゜゜゜゜゜゜’゜゜（０Ｒ＿１＋
Ｒ＿２ここでＲ＿４、Ｒ＿２、Ｒ＿３、Ｒ＿４は、信
号ＶｉｎがないときＶＢ＜ＶＡとなり、信号Ｖｉｎがあ
るとＶＢ＞ＶＡとなるように選定してある。VA=・Vcc・・・・・・・・・(HaR_
3+R_4 VB=0vcc0゜゜゜゜゜゜゜゜゜'゜゜(0R_1+
R_2 Here, R_4, R_2, R_3, and R_4 are selected so that when the signal Vin is absent, VB<VA, and when the signal Vin is present, VB>VA.
いま信号Ｖｉｎがないときは、ＶＢ＜ＶＡであるから前
記（１）、（２）式より
・ Ｖｃｃ＜・ Ｖｃｃ・・・（３）
Ｒ＿１＋Ｒ＿２Ｒ＿３＋Ｒ＿４
となる。When there is no signal Vin, VB<VA, so from equations (1) and (2) above, Vcc<Vcc (3) R_1+R_2R_3+R_4.
ここでｖｃｃが△ｖｃｃだけ変化した場合の分圧点Ａ、
Ｂの電圧ＶＡ、ＶＢの変化を△ＶＡ、△ＶＢとすると、
△ＶＢ−６ＶＡ−゜△Ｖｃｃ−゜△ＶｃｃＲ＿。Here, the partial pressure point A when vcc changes by △vcc,
If the changes in the voltages VA and VB of B are △VA and △VB, then △VB-6VA-゜△Vcc-゜△VccR_.
＋Ｒ＿４Ｒ＿１＋Ｒ＿２＝△ｖｃｃΔ一゛・ ・・・・
・・・・（４）となり、（△ＶＢ−△ｖＡ）は△ｖｃｃ
に比例することとなる。+R_4R_1+R_2=△vccΔ1゛・・・・・
...(4), and (△VB - △vA) is △vcc
It will be proportional to.
即ち、Ｖｃｃの変化量にしたがつて、ＶＡとＶＢの差が
変化することを示している。ところで、光線式報知器の
センサーなど番こおいては、第４図に示す如く電源電圧
Ｖｃｃは通常は商用電源を降圧し全波整流して供給し、
商用電源がなくなつた場合に非常用の電池Ｂａによつて
供給されるように構成するのが一般的であり、その場合
元電電圧は電池電圧より高く設定される。例えばＮｉ−
Ｃｄ電池３個を直列に使用する場合、光電電圧は約４．
５Ｖ）電池電圧は約３．６Ｖとなり、このように通常商
用電源を供給している時と電池電源に切換えた時とは電
源電圧Ｖｃｃに差を生じる。したがつて第３図ａに示す
如く、電源電圧Ｖｃｃが規定値のときに、ノイズＰが入
つても電圧比較器Ｇの出力ｖｏｕｔは反転せず、正規の
信号Ｑが入つたときに反転するようにＶＡとＶＢの差を
定めてあつても、前述のようにＶＡとＶＢの差が電源電
圧Ｖｃｃの変化によつて変るので、第３図ｂに示すごと
く、電池電源電圧ＶｃＯが△ＶｃＯだけ低下した場合、
ノイズＰが入つたときにも、電圧比較器Ｇが反転してし
まう恐れがある。またこれを防止するために、第１図に
点線にて示す如く電源電圧をツエナーダイオードＺＤで
定電圧化することが考えられるが、ツエナーダイオード
で定電圧化する場合には、前述の例のように電池３個を
直列に使用する場合、上記の理由からツエナ一電圧をＤ
Ｃ３Ｖくらいに設定する必要が生じてくる。That is, it shows that the difference between VA and VB changes according to the amount of change in Vcc. By the way, for sensors such as optical alarms, the power supply voltage Vcc is normally supplied by stepping down the commercial power supply and full-wave rectification, as shown in Fig. 4.
It is common to configure the power supply so that it is supplied by an emergency battery Ba when the commercial power supply runs out, and in that case, the main power voltage is set higher than the battery voltage. For example, Ni-
When three Cd batteries are used in series, the photoelectric voltage is approximately 4.
5V) The battery voltage is approximately 3.6V, and as described above, there is a difference in the power supply voltage Vcc between when normal commercial power is being supplied and when switching to battery power. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3a, when the power supply voltage Vcc is at the specified value, the output vout of the voltage comparator G is not inverted even if noise P is input, but it is inverted when the normal signal Q is input. Even if the difference between VA and VB is determined as shown in FIG. If the
There is also a possibility that the voltage comparator G may be inverted when noise P is introduced. In order to prevent this, it is conceivable to make the power supply voltage constant using a Zener diode ZD as shown by the dotted line in Figure 1. However, when making the voltage constant using a Zener diode, When using three batteries in series, the Zener voltage is set to D for the above reason.
It becomes necessary to set it to about C3V.
このよう（こＤＣ３ＶくらいのＶｃｃでは、第４図に示
すごとく電子回路に使用される電子部品の順方向電圧降
下のために出力用リレーＲが作動できなくなる場合があ
り、ツエナーダイオードでＶｃｃを定電圧化することは
好ましくない。さらにツエナーダイオードを使用すれば
、それだけ消費電力が増加し、電池電源だけで５駆動で
きる時間が減少するという欠点がある。さらにまた、光
線式報知器のセンサーにおいては、投、受光器の光軸合
せをする必要があるが、このような場合、電池電源で第
３図ａの如く設定して、使用の際に商用電源で電源電圧
Ｖｃｃを供給すると、第３図ｃのごとく、正常な信号Ｑ
が入力されても電圧比較器Ｇの出力ＶＯｕｔが反転しな
くなるなどの欠点があつた。As shown in Figure 4, at a Vcc of about 3V DC, the output relay R may not be able to operate due to the forward voltage drop of the electronic components used in the electronic circuit, as shown in Figure 4. It is not preferable to use a voltage.Furthermore, if a Zener diode is used, the power consumption will increase accordingly, and the time that can be driven by battery power alone will be reduced.Furthermore, in the sensor of a light beam alarm, , it is necessary to align the optical axes of the emitter and receiver, but in such a case, if you set it as shown in Figure 3a with a battery power source and supply the power supply voltage Vcc with a commercial power source during use, the third As shown in figure c, normal signal Q
There were drawbacks such as the output VOut of the voltage comparator G not being inverted even if VOut was input.
この発明は、上述の如く電源電圧Ｖｃｃの変化によつて
電圧比較器Ｇの出力ＶＯｕｔの反転するレベルが変化す
る欠点を改善するために、第２図に示す如く、抵抗Ｒ３
とＲ４で電源電圧を分圧する分圧点Ｅを電圧比較器の基
準電圧端子に接続し、前記分圧点Ｅの電圧をダイオード
Ｄの内部インピーダンスＺと抵抗Ｒ２で分圧する分圧点
Ｆを前記電圧比較器の信号入力端子に接続するとともに
、抵抗Ｒ２とＲ４の関係をＲ２》Ｒ４と設定し前記分圧
点Ｆに信号を加えるようにして信号処理回路を構成した
ものである。In order to improve the above-mentioned drawback that the level at which the output VOut of the voltage comparator G is inverted changes due to the change in the power supply voltage Vcc, a resistor R3 is provided as shown in FIG.
A voltage dividing point E where the power supply voltage is divided by The signal processing circuit is connected to the signal input terminal of a voltage comparator, and the relationship between resistors R2 and R4 is set as R2>R4, so that a signal is applied to the voltage dividing point F.
以下この発明による信号処理回路を、実施例図にしたが
つてさらに詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, the signal processing circuit according to the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiment diagrams.
第２図において、Ｇは電圧比較器で、例えば汎用オペア
ンプ７４１型などである。１は基準電圧を印加する端子
、２は基準電圧と比較される信号入力端子である。In FIG. 2, G is a voltage comparator, such as a general-purpose operational amplifier 741 type. 1 is a terminal to which a reference voltage is applied, and 2 is a signal input terminal to be compared with the reference voltage.
基準電圧端子１には、電源電圧Ｖｃｃを抵抗Ｒ３とＲ４
で分圧する分圧点Ｅ（７１）電圧ＶＥを印加し、信号入
力端子には、前記分圧点Ｅ（７）電圧ＶＥをダイオード
Ｄの内部インピーダンスＺと抵抗Ｒ２で分圧する分圧点
Ｆの電圧ＶＦを印加する。ここでＲ２》Ｒ４》Ｚと設定
する。さらに、分圧点Ｆには、信号入力Ｖｉｎを直流成
分を阻止するコンデンサーＣを介して接続する。いま、
入力信号Ｖｉｎがないとき、ダイオードＤの電圧降下を
ＶＤとすると、分圧点ＥとＦの電圧ＶＥとＶＦの差は、
ＶＥ−ＶＦ−Ｄとなり、電源電圧Ｖｃｃの変化があつて
も、この（ＶＥ−ＶＦ）はほとんど変化しない。The reference voltage terminal 1 is connected to the power supply voltage Vcc through resistors R3 and R4.
A voltage dividing point F, which divides the voltage VE of the voltage dividing point E (71) by the internal impedance Z of the diode D and the resistor R2, is applied to the signal input terminal. Apply voltage VF. Here, set R2》R4》Z. Furthermore, the signal input Vin is connected to the voltage dividing point F via a capacitor C that blocks direct current components. now,
When there is no input signal Vin, if the voltage drop across diode D is VD, the difference between voltages VE and VF at voltage dividing points E and F is:
VE-VF-D, and even if the power supply voltage Vcc changes, this (VE-VF) hardly changes.
（但しダイオードＤにかかる電圧が流れる電流によりそ
れほど変化しない電圧であるときのことである。）次に
入力信号Ｖｉｎがある場合は次のようになる。(However, this is when the voltage applied to the diode D does not change much due to the flowing current.) Next, when there is an input signal Vin, the following will occur.
即ち点Ｅからみたアース側のインピーダンスＲＥは、こ
こでＲ２》Ｒ４》Ｚとすると
即ちＲ２》Ｒ４》Ｚの如く抵抗値を選定するかぎりＲＥ
の値はほぼ一定となるので、入力信号ＶｉｎのためにＶ
Ｆ＜ＶＥからＶＦ＞ＶＢの状態に変化する過程で、ＶＥ
の電圧は、極めてわずか上昇するとしてもほとんど変化
がないとみなすことができる。In other words, the impedance RE on the ground side as seen from point E is R2》R4》Z, as long as the resistance value is selected as R2》R4》Z.
Since the value of is almost constant, V
In the process of changing from F<VE to VF>VB, VE
It can be considered that there is almost no change in the voltage, even if it increases very slightly.
（第５図参照）。上記のごとく、この発明による信号処
理回路は、抵抗Ｒ３とＲ４で電源電圧を分圧する分圧点
Ｅを電圧比較器の基準電圧端子に接続し、分圧点Ｅの電
圧をダイオードＤの内部インビーダンスＺと抵抗Ｒ２で
分圧する分圧点Ｆを電圧比較器の信号入力端子に接続す
るとともに、抵抗Ｒ２とＲ４の関係をＲ２》Ｒ４とし、
分圧点Ｆに信号を加えるようにしたことにより、電源電
圧Ｖｃｃの変化があつてもＶＥ−ＶＦの差にはほとんど
変化がないので、前述の従来例における種々の欠点を解
消し、小型の電池が使用でき、電池が減衰しても動作レ
ベルが変動せず、またダイオードの挿入により信号の変
化が基準電圧に影響を与えることがないという利点があ
り、また信号電圧設定用の抵抗Ｒ２が基準電圧設定用の
抵抗Ｒ４より光分大きいので、信号電圧が高くなつても
基準電圧の変化を小さく押えることができるなどの利点
がある。(See Figure 5). As described above, the signal processing circuit according to the present invention connects the voltage dividing point E, which divides the power supply voltage with the resistors R3 and R4, to the reference voltage terminal of the voltage comparator, and connects the voltage at the voltage dividing point E to the internal input of the diode D. The voltage dividing point F, which is divided by the resistance Z and the resistor R2, is connected to the signal input terminal of the voltage comparator, and the relationship between the resistors R2 and R4 is set as R2》R4,
By applying the signal to the voltage dividing point F, there is almost no change in the difference between VE and VF even if the power supply voltage Vcc changes. It has the advantage that a battery can be used, the operating level does not fluctuate even if the battery decays, and changes in the signal do not affect the reference voltage by inserting a diode, and the resistor R2 for setting the signal voltage is Since it is larger by an amount of light than the reference voltage setting resistor R4, it has the advantage that even if the signal voltage becomes high, changes in the reference voltage can be kept small.
第１図はこの種の信号処理回路の従来例を示す回路図で
ある。
第２図〜第５図はこの発明による信号処理回路を説明す
る図面であり、第２図は回路図、第３図Ａ，ｂ，ｃは動
作説明図、第４図は電源供給の状態を示す回路図、第５
図は電圧比較器が反転するときの基準電圧の変化を示し
た説明図である。Ｇ゜゜゜″″１電圧比較器、Ｒ１ラＲ
２？Ｒ３ラＲｃＯ゜３゜゜抵抗、Ｄ・・・・・・ダイオ
ード。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional example of this type of signal processing circuit. Figures 2 to 5 are drawings for explaining the signal processing circuit according to the present invention, where Figure 2 is a circuit diagram, Figures 3A, b, and c are diagrams for explaining operation, and Figure 4 shows the state of power supply. Circuit diagram shown, 5th
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing changes in the reference voltage when the voltage comparator is inverted. G゜゜゜″″1 Voltage comparator, R1 R
2? R3 RcO゜3゜゜Resistance, D... Diode.
Claims (1)
を電圧比較器の基準電圧端子に接続し、前記分圧点Ｅの
電圧をダイオードＤの内部インピーダンスＺと抵抗Ｒ＿
２で分圧する分圧点Ｆを前記電圧比較器の信号入力端子
に接続するとともに、抵抗Ｒ＿２とＲ＿４の関係をＲ＿
２≫Ｒ＿４とし、前記分圧点Ｆに信号を加えるようにし
たことを特徴とする信号処理回路。1 Voltage division point E where the power supply voltage is divided by resistors R_3 and R_4
is connected to the reference voltage terminal of the voltage comparator, and the voltage at the voltage dividing point E is connected to the internal impedance Z of the diode D and the resistor R_
The voltage dividing point F that divides the voltage by 2 is connected to the signal input terminal of the voltage comparator, and the relationship between resistors R_2 and R_4 is set to R_
2>>R_4, and a signal is applied to the voltage dividing point F.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4634278A JPS5921216B2 (en) | 1978-04-18 | 1978-04-18 | signal processing circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4634278A JPS5921216B2 (en) | 1978-04-18 | 1978-04-18 | signal processing circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS54137944A JPS54137944A (en) | 1979-10-26 |
| JPS5921216B2 true JPS5921216B2 (en) | 1984-05-18 |
Family
ID=12744455
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4634278A Expired JPS5921216B2 (en) | 1978-04-18 | 1978-04-18 | signal processing circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5921216B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS604036U (en) * | 1983-06-22 | 1985-01-12 | 日立電子エンジニアリング株式会社 | analog comparator |
-
1978
- 1978-04-18 JP JP4634278A patent/JPS5921216B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS54137944A (en) | 1979-10-26 |
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