JPS5922359B2 - Electrode mounting structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electrode mounting structure used in an electric furnace for metal smelting, and is particularly suitable for mounting a graphite electrode in a zinc distillation smelting furnace. It is related to.

Conventionally, in the metal smelting industry, various electric furnaces have been used for metal smelting and the like.

Electric furnaces usually use a plurality of electrodes, and in particular, a zinc distillation smelting furnace (St. Joseph furnace) used in zinc smelting uses six graphite electrodes each as the upper and lower electrodes. The electrode wears out from the electrode tip over time. If the wear of the electrodes progresses beyond the allowable range, current will flow through the furnace wall and wear out the furnace wall bricks, etc., significantly shortening the life of the furnace. In addition, if electrode position fluctuations due to electrode wear are not corrected, the arc or current path will fluctuate, making it impossible to achieve good operation. Therefore, it is essential to adjust the position of the electrodes in the electric furnace, and in general, an operator constantly monitors the degree of electrode wear and manually adjusts the position of each electrode.

However, adjusting the electrodes by pushing multiple electrodes into the furnace or pulling them out from the furnace is extremely complicated and requires many workers to complete the work quickly and in a short time. And so. Further, the electrode position adjustment work was extremely dangerous, and the furnace operation had to be stopped each time the work was carried out. In addition, the electrodes inserted into the furnace are large, especially in zinc distillation and smelting furnaces, and the tip of the electrode that protrudes into the furnace is subject to the load of the contents inside the furnace, so the electrode must be supported firmly. It is important to do so. For this reason, conventional electrode mounting structures often have complicated structures, which further complicates manual electrode position adjustment work. Furthermore, in the conventional electrode mounting structure, a wet sealing method was used for sealing between the electrode and the furnace wall electrode insertion opening.

The seal is susceptible to damage by the electrode during manual electrode insertion, compromising the integrity of the seal. If the seal is damaged, metal vapor and other toxic gases within the furnace will leak to the outside, which is extremely dangerous, and repair and maintenance of the seal is essential. In conventional equipment,
Frequent seal repairs were required. This also means that the operation of the furnace must be stopped, which is not desirable. Furthermore, suction of air into the furnace causes oxidation and consumption of the electrodes, which is the most important cause of electrode breakage. Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide an electrode mounting structure that completely mechanizes the electrode position adjustment work that is currently done manually, thereby saving labor and enabling quick adjustment work. That's true.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode mounting structure that allows remote operation to safely push in and pull out electrodes without interrupting furnace operation.

Another object of the present invention is to change the sealing part of the electrode to the furnace from a wet type to a dry type, thereby eliminating the need for repair or maintenance of the sealing part when the electrode is pushed in, and by using a water-cooled jacket structure for the sealing part to prevent temperature rise of the electrode and An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode mounting structure that prevents oxidation.

Next, one embodiment of the electrode mounting structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention in a mounting structure for the upper electrode of a zinc distillation smelting furnace.

Six upper electrodes of a zinc distillation and smelting furnace are normally provided at equal intervals around the furnace, but since they all have the same structure, only one electrode will be explained. The electrode, ie, the artificial graphite electrode 2, is inserted by a predetermined length L into the furnace through an electrode insertion opening 6 in the furnace wall 4 of the zinc distillation and smelting furnace.

The aperture 6 is made considerably larger than the electrode 2. Opening 6 and electrode 2
A hermetic cooling means 8 is disposed between the furnace wall opening 6 and the electrode portion adjacent to the opening 6 for sealing the gap between the furnace wall opening 6 and preventing temperature rise and oxidation of the electrode portion adjacent to the furnace wall 4. will be established. The sealed cooling means 8 includes a water cooling jacket 10 surrounding the electrode 2. A flange packing 12 is provided at one end of the water-cooled jacket 10 facing the furnace wall 4, and the flange packing 12 surrounds the electrode and is connected to the furnace wall 4.
It is press-bonded to an unshaped furnace material 14 that is placed in close contact with the outer surface of the furnace. The annular space between the inner peripheral surface of the water-cooling jacket 10 and the electrode 2 has a dry three-stage seal structure consisting of a rectangular packing 16, a round packing 18, and an asbestos sheet 20. The other end of the water cooling jacket 10 that is far from the furnace wall 4 is designed to prevent dust from entering the sliding surface between the dry three-stage seal structure and the electrode, and to prevent dust from blowing out in the event of an internal seal failure. An annular dust intrusion prevention member 22 is removably attached to the holder 2 by a fitting 24. The water cooling jacket 10 is fixed by a fixed frame 28 to an upper Munsell frame 26 provided at the upper part of the furnace.

Further, an expansion 29 made of stainless steel is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the water cooling jacket 10 and the outer surface of the furnace wall to improve the flexibility of the water cooling jacket 10 and the outer surface of the furnace wall. The electrode 2 is slidably guided into the furnace through the furnace wall opening 6 by the sealed cooling means 8 having the above-mentioned structure, and since it is completely sealed against the furnace wall opening 6, the electrode 2 is slidably guided into the furnace through the furnace wall opening 6. The gas inside the furnace is prevented from leaking to the outside.

In addition, the portion of the electrode near the furnace wall that tends to become high temperature is cooled by a water cooling system, and temperature rise and oxidation of the electrode can be avoided. The electrode 2 is slidably supported substantially by clamping means.

The clamping means consists of a clamping cradle 30 mounted on an insulating cradle 27 fixed to the upper Munsell frame 26. The clamp pedestal 30 includes support arms 32 and 34 spaced apart from each other and each surrounding the electrode 2 . Support arm 3
2 and 34 have holes 36 and 38 through which the electrode 2 passes,
Liners 40 and 42 for slidably supporting the electrode 2 are provided between the hole and the electrode. The liners 40 and 42 are preferably made of copper and have opposite end faces 40a, 40b.
42a and 42b are chamfered to prevent the electrodes from chipping off or being scraped off when the electrodes 2 are pushed in and pulled out. A power supply holder 44 is disposed between both support arms 32 and 34 of the clamp frame 30 and is attached to the support arm 32 .

The power supply holder 44 has a normal structure, and is supplied with power from an existing strand cable terminal. To briefly explain the power supply holder 44 with reference to FIG. 4, the power supply holder 44 is pivoted to a pin 48 at one end in order to press from the outside a power supply liner 46 provided surrounding the electrode 2. The first and second pressing members 50 and 52 are provided. The first pressing member 50 consists of left and right holding plates 50a and 50b that press both ends of the power supply liner 46 in the longitudinal direction over a roughly semicircumferential area, and one end of the left and right holding plates 50a and 50b is connected to the pin 48.
The other end of the holding plate is integrally connected by a horizontal plate 54. Similarly, the second pressing member 52 also includes left and right pressing plates 52a and 52b, which are disposed opposite to the first pressing member 50 and press both ends of the power supply liner 46 in the longitudinal direction over a roughly semicircular area. Boards 52a, 52
One end of b is pivotally connected to the pin 48, and the other end of the holding plate is integrally connected by a horizontal plate 56. A tension spring 58 is attached between the horizontal plates 54 and 56 provided at the lower ends of the first and second pressing members 50 and 52. One end of the tension spring 58 is hooked directly to the horizontal plate 54, while the other end is attached to the horizontal plate 56 via an adjusting screw shaft 60 (FIG. 4). Therefore, by inserting and removing the screw shaft 60 with the nut 62, the tension of the tension spring 58 is adjusted, and therefore the power supply holder 44
The force with which the electrode 2 is held is controlled, and power is supplied under constant pressure. Power is supplied to the power supply holder 44 through the power supply liner 4
This is done via a power supply terminal 64 integrally connected to 6. Further, the power supply holder 44 is pivotally connected to the support arm 32 of the clamp frame 30 by a support arm 66 fixed to the second pressing member 52 and a connecting arm 68 pivotally connected to the support arm 66. Therefore, by removing the tension spring 58 from one of the pressing members, the power supply holder 44 can be released outward from the electrode 2. An electrode pushing device 70 is disposed adjacent to the power supply holder 44 and the clamp support arm 32.

The electrode pushing device 70 includes an electrode gripping means 72 and a pushing means 74.
Consists of. Electrode gripping means 72 includes first and second gripping jaws 76 and 78, as best shown in FIG.

The first gripping jaw 76 has an inner surface that abuts a roughly semicircular area of the electrode 2, and one end is pivotally connected to a pivot shaft 80. The second gripping jaw 78 is disposed opposite to the first gripping jaw 76 and has an inner surface that comes into contact with a roughly semicircular area of the electrode 2,
One end is pivotally connected to a pivot shaft 80. The other ends of the first and second gripping jaws 76 and 78 are interconnected by a hydraulic cylinder 82. Thus, when the hydraulic cylinder 82 is actuated, the first and second gripping jaws 76 and 78 pivot toward and away from each other about the pivot axis to grip or release the electrode 2. A pushing means 74 is provided adjacent to the electrode gripping means 72 . The pushing means includes an annular frame 86 slidably provided around the electrode 2 via a liner 84.
(Figure 1). The annular frame 86 is integrally attached to the protrusion 80a of the pivot shaft 80 of the electrode gripping means 72. The annular frame 86 is provided with brackets 88 at appropriate locations around its outer periphery, for example, at three locations. The bracket 88 and a bracket 90 provided on the clamp support arm 32 are connected by a hydraulic cylinder 92. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder 92 is actuated and moves in the direction A in FIG. is pushed by the holding means 74 and moves by a distance S to the position number 77 shown by the imaginary line. When the hydraulic cylinder 92 operates in the direction B, the pushing means 74 and the electrode gripping means 72 return to the solid line position and move. As can be understood from the above explanation, in the electrode pushing device 70, the electrode gripping means 72 has the function of grasping the electrode 2 from the side when pushing the electrode and transmits the pushing force to the electrode, and the pushing means 74 has the function of grasping the electrode 2 from the side when pushing the electrode. It functions to transmit force to the electrode gripping means 72.

In the illustrated embodiment, the pushing means 74 is only connected to the electrode gripping means 72 by a pivot shaft 80, but the pushing means 74 and the electrode gripping means 72 are further connected to each gripping jaw 76 and the electrode gripping means 72 at appropriate locations. By connecting the electrodes 78 with a connecting shaft (not shown) in such a manner that they can swing slightly around the pivot shaft 80, the pushing force of the pushing means 74 is equally divided by the entire circumference of the electrode gripping means 72. It can also be configured to transmit. Next, when operating the electrode mounting structure according to the present invention configured as described above, first the electrode is held and
The hydraulic cylinder 82 of the means 72 is actuated so that the first and second gripping jaws 76 and 78 firmly grip the electrode 2. Next, the hydraulic cylinder 92 is actuated in the direction A in FIG. 2 to move the pushing means 74 also in the direction A. Due to the movement of the pushing means 74, the electrode gripping means 72 also moves by a distance S in the A direction. At this time, since the electrode gripping means 72 firmly grips the electrode 2, the electrode 2 also resists the sealing resistance of the hermetic cooling means 8.
It is pushed a distance S into the furnace overcoming the resistance of the electrode support liners 40, 42 and the feed holder liner 46. Next, the hydraulic cylinder 82 of the electrode gripping means returns to its original position, and the electrode gripping force of the first and second gripping jaws 76 and 78 disappears. Electrode 2 is held in place by frictional resistance with the seal and the various liners. The hydraulic cylinder 92 of the pushing means moves in the direction B in FIG. 2 and returns to its original position. As a result, the pushing means 74 slides on the electrode 2 and returns to its original position, and at the same time, the electrode holding means 72 also returns to its original position, completing one cycle of the electrode pushing operation. By repeating this cycle a desired number of times, the electrode is inserted into the furnace for the desired length. When the electrode 2 is pulled out from inside the furnace, it can be achieved by reversing the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 82 of the electrode gripping means 72 from the pushing operation.
That is, when the electrode gripping means 72 moves in the direction B in FIG.
8 firmly grips the electrode, and when the electrode gripping means 72 moves in the direction A, the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 82 is stopped so that the electrode gripping force of the grippers 76 and 78 is eliminated. For example, in a zinc distillation smelting furnace equipped with multiple electrode mounting structures, each electrode structure is manufactured independently, but a hydraulic circuit is configured to operate each electrode structure simultaneously as desired. It is also possible to do so.

Since the electrode mounting structure according to the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, it is possible to firmly support the electrode, and it is possible to push and pull out the electrode accurately and remotely without the need for manpower. Furthermore, it has the effect of eliminating the need for repair of the electrode seal portion and preventing temperature rise and oxidation of the electrode.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an electrode mounting structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the electrode mounting structure of FIG. 1. Third
The figure is a sectional view of the electrode gripping means taken along the line in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the power supply holder taken along the line - in FIG. 2. 2: Electrode, 4: Furnace wall, 6: Furnace wall electrode insertion opening, 8: Sealed cooling means, 10: Water cooling jacket, 16, 18, 20
: Dry seal structure, 44: Power supply holder, 30: Clamp frame, 32, 34: Support arm, 40, 42: Copper liner,
70: electrode pushing device, 72: electrode gripping means, 74: pushing means, 76, 78: gripping joint, 80: pivot shaft, 82:
Hydraulic cylinder, 92: reciprocating hydraulic cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A clamping means having one end slidably and substantially supporting an electrode inserted into the furnace through an electrode insertion opening in a furnace wall; an electrode pushing device for selectively pushing the electrode; an electrode gripping means having a gripping jaw, and a driving means connected to the other ends of the first and second gripping jaws for selectively performing the electrode gripping operation of the first and second gripping jaws; b) pushing means provided adjacent to and connected to the electrode gripping means, and reciprocating the pushing means along the electrode;
Accordingly, an electrode mounting structure comprising: a reciprocating movement driving means having a driving means for reciprocating the electrode gripping means. 2. The clamping means consists of a clamping frame equipped with a support arm placed around the electrode to allow movement of the electrode, and the pushing means surrounds and pushes against the electrode. Claim 1: It is a slidably provided annular frame, and the driving means for driving the pushing means is a hydraulic cylinder connected to the annular frame at one end and attached to the support arm at the other end. Electrode mounting structure described in section. 3. The electrode mounting structure according to claim 2, wherein the driving means for the electrode gripping means is a hydraulic cylinder. 4 a clamping means having one end slidably and substantially supporting an electrode inserted into the furnace through an electrode insertion opening in the furnace wall; an electrode for selectively pushing the electrode into the furnace; An electrode mounting structure comprising: a pushing device; and a dry sealing water cooling means provided adjacent to the furnace wall electrode insertion opening and surrounding the electrode. 5. The electrode pushing device comprises: (a) first and second gripping jaws pivotally connected at one end to a common shaft for enclosing and gripping the electrode;
and the other end of the second gripping jaw, the first and second
(b) a pushing means provided adjacent to and connected to the electrode gripping means; and (b) a pushing means provided adjacent to and connected to the electrode gripping means. and a reciprocating drive means for reciprocating the pushing means along the electrode and thus reciprocating the electrode gripping means. Electrode mounting structure. 6. The clamping means consists of a clamping pedestal with a support arm placed around the electrode in such a way as to allow movement of the electrode, and the pushing means surrounds and pushes against the electrode. Claim 5: It is a slidably provided annular frame, and the driving means for driving the pushing means is a hydraulic cylinder connected to the annular frame at one end and attached to the support arm at the other end. Electrode mounting structure described in section. 7. The electrode mounting structure according to claim 6, wherein the driving means for the electrode gripping means is a hydraulic cylinder. 8. The electrode according to claim 4, wherein the dry sealed water-cooled cooling means comprises a water-cooled jacket provided surrounding the electrode, and a dry backing provided in an annular space formed by the water-cooled jacket and the electrode. Mounting structure. 9. The electrode mounting structure according to claim 8, wherein the dry packing is a dry three-stage seal structure of square asbestos, round asbestos, and asbestos sheets. 10. The electrode mounting structure according to claim 8, wherein a stainless steel expansion is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the water cooling jacket and the furnace wall.