JPS5940867B2 - Nematic liquid crystal composition - Google Patents
Nematic liquid crystal compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5940867B2 JPS5940867B2 JP6998875A JP6998875A JPS5940867B2 JP S5940867 B2 JPS5940867 B2 JP S5940867B2 JP 6998875 A JP6998875 A JP 6998875A JP 6998875 A JP6998875 A JP 6998875A JP S5940867 B2 JPS5940867 B2 JP S5940867B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- nematic liquid
- crystal composition
- nematic
- ester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012769 display material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000005337 azoxy group Chemical group [N+]([O-])(=N*)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XQRFASOUJIKXRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-cyanophenyl) 4-butylbenzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 XQRFASOUJIKXRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGOWXOZNUNZPAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-heptylphenyl)benzonitrile Chemical group C1=CC(CCCCCCC)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 ZGOWXOZNUNZPAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDJAAZYHCCRJOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxybenzonitrile Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 XDJAAZYHCCRJOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002262 Schiff base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004753 Schiff bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 azoxy compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は新規なネマチツク液晶組成物に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to novel nematic liquid crystal compositions.
さらに詳しくは白色で非常に安定で、かつ温度範囲の広
いネマチツク液晶組成物に関する。近年エレクトロニク
ス技術等の進歩により低電圧で駆動でき、かつ安価な表
示材料が要求されている。More specifically, the present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal composition that is white, extremely stable, and has a wide temperature range. In recent years, advances in electronics technology have created a demand for inexpensive display materials that can be driven at low voltages.
この要求を満たす表示材料として、現在液晶が注目され
ており、すでに一部の商品には液晶が使用されている。
この注目されている液晶は有機化合物よりなるが、一般
の有機化合物が結晶→液体と相変化するのに対して、液
晶は結晶から直接液体に変化しないで、この間に液体の
もつ流動性と結晶の持つ複屈折性を併せ持つ相を示す。
このような性質を有す液晶は液晶分子の配向の違いによ
り、ネマチツク液晶、スメクチツク液晶、コレステリツ
ク液晶に分けられる。現在表示材料として主に使用され
ている液晶はネマチツク液晶である。Liquid crystals are currently attracting attention as a display material that meets this demand, and liquid crystals are already being used in some products.
The liquid crystals that are attracting attention are made of organic compounds, but while ordinary organic compounds undergo a phase change from crystal to liquid, liquid crystals do not directly change from crystal to liquid; Indicates a phase that also has birefringence.
Liquid crystals having such properties are classified into nematic liquid crystals, smectic liquid crystals, and cholesteric liquid crystals, depending on the orientation of liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal currently mainly used as a display material is a nematic liquid crystal.
このネマチツク液晶を用いた表示方式には光散乱方式と
電界効果型方式の二種類がある。本発明のネマチツク液
晶組成物は電界効果型方式に用いられる液晶である。There are two types of display systems using this nematic liquid crystal: a light scattering system and a field effect system. The nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is a liquid crystal used in a field effect type system.
さて、液晶は表示材料として非常に有望であるが、液晶
が表示材料として用いられるためには次のようなことが
要求される。１、液晶が化学的に安定であり、熱、光、
酸素等により分解劣化しないこと。Now, liquid crystal is very promising as a display material, but the following requirements are required for liquid crystal to be used as a display material. 1. Liquid crystals are chemically stable and are resistant to heat, light,
Do not decompose or deteriorate due to oxygen, etc.
２、液晶温度範囲が広いこと。2. Wide liquid crystal temperature range.
このようなことが液晶材料には要求されるが、従来の液
晶材料には次のような欠点や改良しなければならない点
があつた。Although this is required of liquid crystal materials, conventional liquid crystal materials have the following drawbacks and points that need to be improved.
１、従来の液晶は主に分子中央にシッフ塩基を有する液
晶であつた（以下シッフ液晶と略記する）。1. Conventional liquid crystals mainly have a Schiff base at the center of the molecule (hereinafter abbreviated as Schiff liquid crystal).
しかし、シッフ液晶は水分の影響を受けやすいので、取
扱いやシールドが難かしかつた。２、比較的安定な液晶
としてアゾキシ化合物系の液晶がある（以下アゾキシ液
晶と略記する）。However, Schiff liquid crystals are easily affected by moisture, making them difficult to handle and shield. 2. As a relatively stable liquid crystal, there is an azoxy compound-based liquid crystal (hereinafter abbreviated as azoxy liquid crystal).
しかし、この液晶は可視領域の光を吸収するため紫外線
よりの可視光によつても劣化する欠点がある。この欠点
を除去する方法としては有色フィルターで表示部を保護
する方法がある。しかし、この方法では表示部全体が特
定の色に着色し、暗くなり、表示能力がおちるという欠
点がある。３．上記１，２で述べた欠点を有しない液晶
として、白色で非常に安定な分子中央にエステル結合を
有する液晶がある。However, since this liquid crystal absorbs light in the visible region, it has the disadvantage that it deteriorates even when exposed to visible light such as ultraviolet rays. One way to eliminate this drawback is to protect the display section with a colored filter. However, this method has the disadvantage that the entire display section is colored in a specific color, becomes dark, and the display performance deteriorates. 3. As a liquid crystal that does not have the drawbacks mentioned in 1 and 2 above, there is a white and very stable liquid crystal that has an ester bond in the center of the molecule.
（以下エステル液晶と略記する。）しかし、エステル液
晶は温度範囲が充分に確保できないため、従来の表示体
には使われなかつた。本発明はシツフ液晶やアゾキシ液
晶が有する１，２に述べた欠点を有しないエステル液晶
を用い、従来のエステル液晶が有していた温度範囲がせ
まいという欠点を改良するためになされた。(Hereinafter, it will be abbreviated as ester liquid crystal.) However, ester liquid crystal cannot be used in conventional display bodies because it cannot secure a sufficient temperature range. The present invention uses an ester liquid crystal that does not have the drawbacks mentioned in points 1 and 2 that Schiff liquid crystals and azoxy liquid crystals have, and has been made in order to improve the shortcoming of conventional ester liquid crystals, such as a narrow temperature range.
本発明のネマチツク液晶組成物は次に示すような三種類
の液晶を少なくとも含む液晶組成物である。The nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is a liquid crystal composition containing at least three types of liquid crystals as shown below.
（４−ｎ−アルキル安息香酸−４′−シアノフエニルエ
ステル）′フ１−〒〜′ｒ−ｉ〜
（４−ｎ−アルキル安息香酸−４′−ｎ−アルコキシフ
エニルエステル）′Ｒ７冑〜ｄ１ζＡ：一＾
（４−（４−ｎ−アルコキシベンゾイルオキシ）安息香
酸−ｉ−クロル−ｌ−シアノフエニルエステル）上記の
液晶はそれぞれ次のような性質を有す液晶である。(4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-4'-cyanophenyl ester)'F1-〒~'r-i~ (4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-4'-n-alkoxyphenyl ester)'R7冑~d1ζA:1^ (4-(4-n-alkoxybenzoyloxy)benzoic acid-i-chloro-l-cyanophenyl ester) The above liquid crystals each have the following properties.
４−ｎ−アルキル安息香酸−ｌ−シアノフエニルエステ
ルは誘電異方性が正の液晶であり電界効果型液晶にとつ
ては必要不可欠な液晶である。4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-l-cyanophenyl ester is a liquid crystal with positive dielectric anisotropy, and is an essential liquid crystal for field effect liquid crystals.
４−ｎ−アルキル安息香酸−４′−ｎ−アルコキシフエ
ニルエステルは液晶温度範囲はせまいが融点の低い液晶
であり、ネマチツク液晶組成物の融点を下げるために必
要である。4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-4'-n-alkoxyphenyl ester is a liquid crystal having a narrow liquid crystal temperature range but a low melting point, and is necessary to lower the melting point of the nematic liquid crystal composition.
４−（４−ｎアルコキシベンゾイルオキシＸ一安息香酸
−ｉクロル−４′−シアノフエニルエステルは融点は高
いが液晶温度範囲が広いのでネマチツク液晶組成物の温
度範囲を広げるために必要である。4-(4-n alkoxybenzoyloxyX monobenzoic acid-ichloro-4'-cyanophenyl ester has a high melting point but a wide liquid crystal temperature range, and is therefore necessary to widen the temperature range of nematic liquid crystal compositions.
上記三種類の液晶の代表的特性を表１に示す。このよう
な３種類の液晶を混合することにより非常に良い特性の
液晶が得られた。Typical characteristics of the three types of liquid crystals mentioned above are shown in Table 1. By mixing these three types of liquid crystals, a liquid crystal with very good characteristics was obtained.
調合例を以下の実施例で述べる。実施例１
実施例
物よりなるネマチツク液晶組成物の例を実施例４，５に
述べる。Preparation examples are described in the Examples below. Example 1 Examples 4 and 5 describe examples of nematic liquid crystal compositions.
実施例 ４
実施例１のネマチツク液晶組成物の成分、４一ｎ−ブチ
ル安息香酸− ４ −シアノフエニルエステルの代りに
４−ｎ−ヘプチル− ４’−シアノビフエニールを混合
したネマチツク液晶組成物。Example 4 A nematic liquid crystal composition in which 4-n-heptyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl was mixed in place of the 4-n-butylbenzoic acid-4-cyanophenyl ester component of the nematic liquid crystal composition of Example 1. thing.
実施例 ５
実施例１のネマチツク液晶組成物に５重量パーセントの
Ｐ−アニソニトリルを添加したネマチツク液晶組成物。Example 5 A nematic liquid crystal composition obtained by adding 5 weight percent of P-anisonitrile to the nematic liquid crystal composition of Example 1.
実施例かられかるように本発明のネマチツク液晶組成物
は温度範囲が非常に広く、通常の表示体にとつては充分
の温度範囲である。As can be seen from the examples, the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a very wide temperature range, which is sufficient for ordinary displays.
また、従来のエステル液晶は過冷却状態を長時間保持で
きなかつたので寒冷地での使用は困難であつた。しかし
、本発明のネマチツク液晶は−２０℃で半日放置しても
結晶化しなかつた。このことから寒冷地での使用にも充
分に耐えられるものとなることがわかる。尚、本発明の
目的は安定で、温度範囲の広い液晶を作ることにあるが
、他の目的は１．５Ｖで（電池１個）駆動できる液晶を
作ることにあつた。Furthermore, conventional ester liquid crystals could not maintain a supercooled state for a long period of time, making it difficult to use them in cold regions. However, the nematic liquid crystal of the present invention did not crystallize even after being left at -20°C for half a day. This shows that it can withstand use in cold regions. The purpose of the present invention is to create a liquid crystal that is stable and has a wide temperature range, but another purpose is to create a liquid crystal that can be driven at 1.5V (with one battery).
試験の結果、本発面のネマチツク液晶組成物はすべて１
．５Ｖで駆動できることがわかつた。試験結果の例とし
て実施例３のネマチツク液晶組成物を用いた表示体のコ
ントラスト特性を第１図に示す。この図において、横軸
には，駆動電圧Ｍがとつてあり、縦軸には光の透過率（
％）がとつてある。図に示されているコントラスト特性
はガラス面に対し５さの方向からＳｉＯを蒸着して液晶
に配向をもたせた液晶セルを用い２０℃で測定したもの
である。この図より、本発明のネマチツク液晶組成物を
用いた表示体は１．５Ｖで充分駆動できることがわかる
。As a result of the test, all the nematic liquid crystal compositions of this invention were 1
．． I found out that it can be driven with 5V. As an example of test results, the contrast characteristics of a display using the nematic liquid crystal composition of Example 3 are shown in FIG. In this figure, the horizontal axis shows the driving voltage M, and the vertical axis shows the light transmittance (
%) is set aside. The contrast characteristics shown in the figure were measured at 20° C. using a liquid crystal cell in which the liquid crystal was oriented by vapor-depositing SiO from the 5-sided direction with respect to the glass surface. This figure shows that the display using the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be sufficiently driven at 1.5V.
以上述べたように本発明のネマチツク液晶組成物は種々
の点で従来の液晶組成物よりすぐれている。As described above, the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is superior to conventional liquid crystal compositions in various respects.
このようにすぐれている本発明のネマチツク液晶組成物
は腕時計、電卓等の表示部はもとより種々の民生機器の
表示材料として応用できるものである。尚、本発明のネ
マチツタ液晶組成物を用いた表示体は１．５で駆動でき
るので、従来の表示体に必要であつた昇圧回路が必要で
なくなる利点がある。The excellent nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be applied not only to the display parts of wristwatches, calculators, etc., but also as display materials for various consumer appliances. Incidentally, since a display using the nematic ivy liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be driven at 1.5, it has the advantage that a booster circuit, which is necessary for conventional displays, is not required.
このことからコンパクトにまとめなければならない腕時
計にとつては本発明のネマチツク液晶組成物は好適であ
る。本発明のネマチツク液晶組成物を用いて腕時計を試
作して数ケ月の加速試験を行なつたが、寿命コントラス
ト等に問題となるところがなかつた。For this reason, the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is suitable for wristwatches that must be made compact. A prototype wristwatch was made using the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention and an accelerated test of several months was conducted, but no problems were found in terms of life contrast, etc.
この腕時計の概観とそのプロツク図を示すと第２図、第
３図のようになる。The general appearance of this wristwatch and its block diagram are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
第１図は電圧とコントラストとの関係を示す。 FIG. 1 shows the relationship between voltage and contrast.
Claims (1)
を特徴とするネマチツク液晶組成物。 １、▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ （４−ｎ−アルキル安息香酸−４′−シアノフェニルエ
ステル）２、▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ （４−ｎ−アルキル安息香酸−４′−ｎ−アルコキシフ
ェニルエステル）３、▲数式、化学式、表等があります
▼ ４−（４−ｎ−アルコキシベンゾイルオキシ）安息香酸
−２′−クロル−４′−シアノフエニルエステル（但し
、上記式においてＲ、Ｒ′は炭素数３〜９の直鎖アルキ
ル基を示す。 ）[Scope of Claims] 1. A nematic liquid crystal composition comprising at least the following three types of liquid crystal compounds. 1, ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ (4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-4'-cyanophenyl ester) 2, ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ (4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-4 4-(4-n-alkoxybenzoyloxy)benzoic acid-2'-chloro-4'-cyanophenyl ester (however, the above In the formula, R and R' represent a straight chain alkyl group having 3 to 9 carbon atoms.)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6998875A JPS5940867B2 (en) | 1975-06-09 | 1975-06-09 | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6998875A JPS5940867B2 (en) | 1975-06-09 | 1975-06-09 | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS51144392A JPS51144392A (en) | 1976-12-11 |
| JPS5940867B2 true JPS5940867B2 (en) | 1984-10-03 |
Family
ID=13418547
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6998875A Expired JPS5940867B2 (en) | 1975-06-09 | 1975-06-09 | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5940867B2 (en) |
-
1975
- 1975-06-09 JP JP6998875A patent/JPS5940867B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS51144392A (en) | 1976-12-11 |
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