JPS6048557B2 - Nematic liquid crystal composition - Google Patents
Nematic liquid crystal compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6048557B2 JPS6048557B2 JP7356676A JP7356676A JPS6048557B2 JP S6048557 B2 JPS6048557 B2 JP S6048557B2 JP 7356676 A JP7356676 A JP 7356676A JP 7356676 A JP7356676 A JP 7356676A JP S6048557 B2 JPS6048557 B2 JP S6048557B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- ester
- crystal composition
- weight
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 51
- 239000012769 display material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 Azoxy compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005337 azoxy group Chemical group [N+]([O-])(=N*)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002262 Schiff base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004753 Schiff bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は新規なネマチツク液晶組成物に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to novel nematic liquid crystal compositions.
さらに詳しくは白色で非常に安定でかつ温度範囲の広い
ネマチツク液晶組成物に関する。近年エレクトロニクス
技術等の進歩により低電圧で駆動でき、かつ安価な表示
材料が要求されている。この要求を満たす表示材料とし
て現在液晶が注目されており、既に一部の商品には液晶
が使用されている。この注目されている液晶は有機化合
物よりなるが、一般の有機化合物が結晶→液体と相変化
するのに対して液晶は結晶から直接液体に変化しないで
、この間に液体の持つ流動性と結晶の持つ複屈折性を併
せ持つ相を示す。このような性質を有す液晶は液晶分子
の配向の違いにより、ネマチツク液晶、スメクチツク液
晶コレステリツク液晶に分けられる。More specifically, the present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal composition that is white, extremely stable, and has a wide temperature range. In recent years, advances in electronics technology have created a demand for inexpensive display materials that can be driven at low voltages. Liquid crystals are currently attracting attention as a display material that satisfies this requirement, and liquid crystals are already being used in some products. The liquid crystals that are attracting attention are made of organic compounds, but while ordinary organic compounds undergo a phase change from crystal to liquid, liquid crystals do not directly change from crystal to liquid; Indicates a phase that also has birefringence. Liquid crystals having such properties are classified into nematic liquid crystals, smectic liquid crystals, and cholesteric liquid crystals, depending on the orientation of liquid crystal molecules.
現在表示材料として主に使用されている液晶はネマチツ
ク液晶である。The liquid crystal currently mainly used as a display material is a nematic liquid crystal.
このネマチツク液晶を用いた表示方式には光散乱方式と
電界効果型方式の二種類がある。本発明のネマチツク液
晶組成物は電界効果型方式に用いられる液晶である。There are two types of display systems using this nematic liquid crystal: a light scattering system and a field effect system. The nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is a liquid crystal used in a field effect type system.
さて液晶は表示材料として非常に有望であるが、液晶が
表示材料として用いられるためには次のような事が要求
される。（１）常温を含み、液晶温度範囲が広いこと。Now, liquid crystal is very promising as a display material, but the following requirements are required for liquid crystal to be used as a display material. (1) The liquid crystal temperature range is wide, including room temperature.
（２）液晶が化学的に安定であり、熱、光、酸素等によ
り分解劣化しないこと。（３）液晶を使用した表示体の
応答速度が速いこと、このためには液晶の粘度が低いこ
とが要求される。(2) Liquid crystals are chemically stable and do not decompose or deteriorate due to heat, light, oxygen, etc. (3) The response speed of a display using liquid crystal is fast, and for this purpose, the viscosity of the liquid crystal is required to be low.
（４） 低電圧て駆動できること、望ましくは電池１個
（１．５Ｖ）で駆動できること。(4) It can be driven at low voltage, preferably with one battery (1.5V).
このような事が液晶材料には要求されるが、従来の液晶
材料には次のような欠点や改良しなければならない点が
あつた。Although liquid crystal materials are required to meet these requirements, conventional liquid crystal materials have the following drawbacks and points that need to be improved.
１ 従来の液晶は主に分子中央にシッフ塩基を有する液
晶であつた（以下シッフ液晶と略記する）。1. Conventional liquid crystals mainly have a Schiff base at the center of the molecule (hereinafter abbreviated as Schiff liquid crystal).
しカルシッフ液晶は水分の影響を受けやすいので取扱い
やシールドが難カルかつた。 。２ 比較的安定な液晶
としてアゾキシ化合物系の液晶がある。Calciff liquid crystals were easily affected by moisture, making them difficult to handle and shield. . 2. Azoxy compound-based liquid crystals are relatively stable liquid crystals.
（以下アゾキシ液晶と略記する）しかしこの液晶は可視
領域の光を吸収するため紫外線よりの可視光によつて劣
化する欠点がある。この欠点を除去する方法としては有
色フィルターで表示部を保護する方法がある。(Hereinafter abbreviated as azoxy liquid crystal) However, since this liquid crystal absorbs light in the visible region, it has the drawback of being degraded by visible light rather than ultraviolet rays. One way to eliminate this drawback is to protect the display section with a colored filter.
しカルこの方法では表示部全体が特定の色に着色し、暗
くなり、表示能力がおちるという欠点がある。３ 上記
１、２で述べた欠点を有しない液晶として、白色で非常
に安定な分子中央にエステル結合を有する液晶がある。However, this method has the disadvantage that the entire display section is colored in a specific color and becomes dark, reducing the display ability. 3. As a liquid crystal that does not have the drawbacks mentioned in 1 and 2 above, there is a white and very stable liquid crystal that has an ester bond in the center of the molecule.
（以下エステル液晶と略記する。） ゛しかしエステル
液晶は温度範囲が充分に確保出来なく、低温での応答速
度がおそいため従来の表示体には使われなかつた。(Hereinafter abbreviated as ester liquid crystal.) ``However, ester liquid crystal cannot be used in conventional displays because it cannot secure a sufficient temperature range and its response speed at low temperatures is slow.
また、これらの液晶を用いた表示装置は、駆動電圧が３
Ｖ程度であつたため、２個の電池で駆動するか、昇圧回
路を設ける必要があり、特に腕時計においては、スペー
スや消費電力の点で問題があつた。In addition, display devices using these liquid crystals have a driving voltage of 3
Since the voltage was around V, it was necessary to drive the battery with two batteries or provide a booster circuit, which caused problems in terms of space and power consumption, especially in wristwatches.
本発明はシッフ液晶やアゾキシ液晶が有する１、２て述
べた欠点を有しないエステル液晶を用い、従来のエステ
ル液晶が有していた温度範囲がせまく応答速度がおそい
という欠点を改良し、＊’１５Ｖで駆動できる液晶を提
供するためになされたものである。The present invention uses an ester liquid crystal that does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks of Schiff liquid crystals and azoxy liquid crystals, improves the shortcomings of conventional ester liquid crystals such as narrow temperature range and slow response speed, *' This was done to provide a liquid crystal that can be driven at 15V.
本発明ネマチツク液晶組成物は次のような構造式を有す
る液晶を少なくとも含む液晶組成物であるＩＲ◎ＣＯＯ
＠ＣＮ（４ −ｎ −アルキル安息香酸−４’−シアノ
フェニルエステル）２Ｒ。The nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is a liquid crystal composition containing at least a liquid crystal having the following structural formula.
@CN (4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-4'-cyanophenyl ester) 2R.
Ｃ００◎０Ｒ′（４−ｎ−アルキル安息香酸−４’−ｎ
−アルコキシフェニルエステル）３Ｒ＠ＣＯＯ＠ＣＮ
（４ −（４ −ｎ −アルキルフェニル）安息香酸−
４’−シアノフェニルエステル）（但しＲ）Ｒ′は炭素
３〜９の直鎖アルキル基を示す。C00◎0R'(4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-4'-n
-alkoxyphenyl ester)3R@COO@CN
(4-(4-n-alkylphenyl)benzoic acid-
4'-cyanophenyl ester) (where R) R' represents a straight chain alkyl group having 3 to 9 carbon atoms.
）上記液晶はそれぞれ次のように性質を有す液晶である
。) The above liquid crystals each have the following properties.
４−ｎ−アルキル安息香酸−４’−シアノフェニルエス
テルは誘電異方性が正の液晶であり、電界効果型液晶に
とつては必要不可欠な液晶である。４−ｎ−アルキル安
息香酸−４’−ｎ −アルコキシフェニルエステルは融
点の低い液晶であり、ネマチック液晶組成物の融点を下
げるために必要である。4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-4'-cyanophenyl ester is a liquid crystal with positive dielectric anisotropy, and is an essential liquid crystal for field effect liquid crystals. 4-n-alkylbenzoic acid-4'-n-alkoxyphenyl ester is a liquid crystal with a low melting point and is necessary to lower the melting point of the nematic liquid crystal composition.
４ −（４ −ｎ −アルキルフェニル）安息香酸−４
’ −シアノフェニルエステルは、融点は高いが温度範
囲が広い液晶であり、ネマチツク液晶組成物の温度を広
げるために必要である。4-(4-n-alkylphenyl)benzoic acid-4
'-Cyanophenyl ester is a liquid crystal with a high melting point but a wide temperature range, and is necessary to broaden the temperature of the nematic liquid crystal composition.
上記Ξ種類の代表的液晶の特性を表Ｉに示す。このよう
な３種類の液晶を調合したところ個々．の液晶がそれぞ
れ特徴を出し合つて非常により特性の液晶組成物が得ら
れた。調合の一例を実施例で述べる。実施例１
上記実施例よりわかるように従来のエステル液晶が有し
ていた温度範囲がせまいという欠点は改−良されており
、通常の使用に対してはなんら問題とならない。Table I shows the characteristics of typical liquid crystals of the above Ξ type. When three types of liquid crystals were mixed together, the individual results. By combining the characteristics of each liquid crystal, a liquid crystal composition with extremely high characteristics was obtained. An example of the formulation will be described in Examples. Example 1 As can be seen from the above examples, the drawback of the narrow temperature range of the conventional ester liquid crystal has been improved and does not pose any problem for normal use.
又、応答速度がおそいという欠点は低温（Ｏ℃）で顕著
であつたが、同じ条件で作つたセルに液晶を充填してＯ
℃で測定したところ従来のエステル液晶では１秒以上か
かつたのが、８００ミリ秒と短縮され、通常の表示体に
とつてはなんら問題となるところがない。この応答速度
が速くなつた原因としては４− （４−ｎ−ヘキシルフ
ェニル）安息香酸−４’シアノフェニルエステルの分子
構造が他の液晶と異なり、ビフェニール構造を有するた
めと思われる。また、このネマチツク液晶組成物を、第
１図に示すような腕時計の表示部に用いたところ、第２
図に示すようなコントラスト特性を示し、１．５Ｖで駆
動可能であることがわかつた。In addition, the drawback of slow response speed was noticeable at low temperatures (0°C), but when a cell made under the same conditions was filled with liquid crystal and
When measured at .degree. C., the time required for conventional ester liquid crystals was more than 1 second, but it was shortened to 800 milliseconds, which poses no problem for ordinary displays. The reason for this increased response speed is thought to be that the molecular structure of 4-(4-n-hexylphenyl)benzoic acid-4' cyanophenyl ester is different from other liquid crystals and has a biphenyl structure. Furthermore, when this nematic liquid crystal composition was used in the display section of a wristwatch as shown in FIG.
It was found that it exhibited contrast characteristics as shown in the figure and could be driven at 1.5V.
第３図は第１図に示す腕時計のブ泪ツク図である。この
ように本発明のネマチツク液晶組成物は種々の点で従来
の液晶組成物よりはすぐれている。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the wristwatch shown in FIG. 1. As described above, the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is superior to conventional liquid crystal compositions in various respects.
このようにすぐれている本発明のネマチツク液晶は腕時
計、電卓等の表示部はもとより種々の民生機器の表示部
に応用できるものである。特に本発明の液晶組成物は１
．５Ｖで駆動できるのでコンパクトにまとめる必要のあ
る腕時計に好適である。ノ図面の簡単な説明
第１図は腕時計の概観図である。The excellent nematic liquid crystal of the present invention can be applied not only to the display parts of wristwatches, calculators, etc., but also to the display parts of various consumer appliances. In particular, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has 1
．． Since it can be driven with 5V, it is suitable for wristwatches that need to be kept compact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an overview of a wristwatch.
Claims (1)
ステル７重量％、４−ｎ−アミル安息香酸−４′−シア
ノフェニルエステル１０重量％、４−ｎ−ヘキシル安息
香酸−４′−シアノフェニルエステル１８重量％、４−
ｎ−ヘプチル安息香酸−４′−シアノフェニルエステル
１８重量％、４−ｎ−オクチル安息香酸−４′−シアノ
フェニルエステル２４重量％、４−ｎ−ブチル安息香酸
−４′−ｎ−ヘキシルオキシフェニルエステル１７重量
％および４−（４−ｎ−ヘキシルフェニル）安息香酸−
４′−シアノフェニルエステル６重量％からなることを
特徴とするネマチツク液晶組成物。1 4-n-butylbenzoic acid-4'-cyanophenyl ester 7% by weight, 4-n-amylbenzoic acid-4'-cyanophenyl ester 10% by weight, 4-n-hexylbenzoic acid-4'-cyano Phenyl ester 18% by weight, 4-
n-heptylbenzoic acid-4'-cyanophenyl ester 18% by weight, 4-n-octylbenzoic acid-4'-cyanophenyl ester 24% by weight, 4-n-butylbenzoic acid-4'-hexyloxyphenyl 17% by weight of ester and 4-(4-n-hexylphenyl)benzoic acid-
A nematic liquid crystal composition comprising 6% by weight of 4'-cyanophenyl ester.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7356676A JPS6048557B2 (en) | 1976-06-22 | 1976-06-22 | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7356676A JPS6048557B2 (en) | 1976-06-22 | 1976-06-22 | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS52156186A JPS52156186A (en) | 1977-12-26 |
| JPS6048557B2 true JPS6048557B2 (en) | 1985-10-28 |
Family
ID=13521932
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7356676A Expired JPS6048557B2 (en) | 1976-06-22 | 1976-06-22 | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6048557B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62118857U (en) * | 1986-01-21 | 1987-07-28 |
-
1976
- 1976-06-22 JP JP7356676A patent/JPS6048557B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62118857U (en) * | 1986-01-21 | 1987-07-28 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS52156186A (en) | 1977-12-26 |
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