JPS5948309B2 - Wind energy conversion device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wind energy conversion device for converting wind energy into hydraulic energy, and particularly to a wind turbine and a wind turbine support mechanism that are designed to prevent damage caused by wind.

The use of wind power is an energy conversion process in which a part of the kinetic energy of air passing through a windmill at a certain speed is extracted as mechanical energy, the product of the force that tries to turn the shaft of the windmill and the rotational angular velocity of that shaft. It is done by doing.

For small and medium-sized wind turbines, fixed-pitch propeller-type wind turbines are generally used, and in this case, the energy conversion efficiency of the first stage described above is considerably reduced, so the extracted mechanical energy is It is recommended that you use it often.

From this point of view, a hydraulic pump is rotationally driven by a windmill to generate pressure oil, and this pressure oil is passed through an orifice or throttle valve built in series in the hydraulic circuit, thereby actively causing a pressure loss in the pressure oil. The method of converting wind energy into hydraulic energy, and furthermore, converting hydraulic energy into thermal energy and using this as a heat source for relaxation and other purposes, reduces the friction loss, that is, the thermal energy loss, in the energy conversion process by reducing the oil temperature. Since a considerable amount can be recovered in the form of upward movement, it can be said to be a suitable form of use for small and medium-sized wind energy conversion devices.

Since this type of equipment is generally operated continuously for a long period of time, it is important to ensure that no failure occurs during that time.
In particular, wind turbines and their support mechanisms, which are a means of introducing wind power, may be affected by strong winds such as typhoons that continue to blow for a long time,
In order to efficiently introduce wind power, if the support mechanism of the wind turbine is rotatably attached to the pillar, some measures should be taken to prevent damage in the event of a sudden turn due to a sudden change in strong wind direction. It is necessary.

In the former case, the arrival of such attacks is predicted, and in preparation for this, devices are provided that allow the windmills to be knocked down along with the support poles to evacuate, but in the latter case, despite the high frequency of occurrence, Currently, there is no equipment available that takes appropriate measures.

In view of the above-mentioned current situation, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wind energy converter equipped with means for preventing damage to a wind turbine and a wind turbine support mechanism due to a sudden change in direction of strong winds. It is something to do.

The wind energy conversion device according to the present invention includes a mechanism for extracting wind energy as a rotational output by the rotation of a windmill 1 supported on a support frame 9 so as to be rotatable depending on the wind direction, and a mechanism that is rotationally driven by a rotation output shaft of this mechanism. In a wind energy conversion device comprising a hydraulic pump 3 and a mechanism that supports a support frame 9 such that it can be raised and lowered with respect to a base 10, the rotation extraction mechanism is rotated to the top of the support frame 9 together with the wind turbine 1. A reversible hydraulic pump for braking is supported on a column frame 9 via a freely engaging cylindrical rotating holder 4, fixed to the column frame 9, and connected to the rotating boulder 4 via power transmission mechanisms 5 and 6. 8, ports L and R on the discharge side of the reversible hydraulic pump 8 in the hydraulic circuit of the reversible hydraulic pump 8, and an oil tank 8.
A braking mechanism for braking sudden turns of the rotary holder 4 is connected to the support frame 9.
It is configured by providing

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the internal structure of the strut of the wind energy converter according to the embodiment.

In the figure, 1 is a wind turbine, 1'' is a wind turbine shaft, 1' is a drive bevel gear, and 1'' is a wind turbine housing.

When the wind turbine 1 is rotated by the wind, the integrated wind turbine shaft 1'' rotates within the wind turbine housing 1'' while being supported at two locations by bearings, and serves as a rotating output shaft to rotate the drive bevel gear 1'.

An input shaft 2 has a driven bevel gear 2' fixed to its upper end, and a hydraulic pump 3 connected to its lower end.

4 is a cylindrical rotating holder, its inner diameter (at least 2 locations)
It is rotatably engaged with the input shaft 2 via rolling bearings, and is also rotatably fitted into the column frame 9 via rolling bearings at its outer diameter portion (at least two locations). .

A pipe-shaped support 4' is fixed to the upper surface of the rotating holder 4, and the upper part of the support 4' is integrally supported by the wind turbine housing 1''.

In other words, the rotating holder 4 and the wind turbine housing 1'' are attached to this support 4.
′ is used as an intermediary, and they maintain a certain position in relation to each other.

The input shaft 2 is rotatably held at the center of the support frame 9 via the above-mentioned bearings and the rotary holder 4. Its position relative to the support frame 9 is maintained through bearings.

The position of the hydraulic pump 3 is also fixed to the support frame 9 by a bracket or the like.

Next, a spur gear 5 is attached to a key 5' on the outer layer of the lower end of the rotating boulder 4.
The rotating holder 4 rotates together with the rotary holder 4.

A pinion shaft 7 that is integrated with a pinion 6 that meshes with the spur gear 5 is
It is rotatably supported by a frame body 9 via a bearing, and a reversible hydraulic pump 8 fixed to the support frame 9 is coupled to the lower end of the body.

A hydraulic circuit for braking the rotation of the rotary holder 4 centered around the reversible hydraulic pump 8 will be described later.

With the above configuration, wind energy is introduced into the input shaft 2 as a rotational output through the wind turbine shaft 1'', the driving bevel gear 1', and the driven bevel gear 2', and rotationally drives the hydraulic pump 3.

In the embodiment, the energy introduced through the above process is used as a heating heat storage device.The structure is as follows.

In other words, an orifice (not shown, but a type of throttle with a small hole in a disc) is provided in the discharge pipe 3' of the hydraulic pump, and a radiator is placed immediately after the orifice, and the pressure oil is spouted into the radiator to create a flow between fluid molecules. The frictional heat gradually increases the temperature of the working oil, and the heat is gradually radiated from the radiator to provide heating.

Furthermore, a heat storage effect was obtained by leading the return pipe for the working oil to the hydraulic pump to an underground tank.

That is, by appropriately setting the size of the small hole in the orifice, it is possible to maintain the optimum operating conditions at that wind speed even if the wind speed changes, and the heat radiation energy from the radiator and the wind power taken in from the wind turbine can be maintained. A steady state occurs when the energy is in equilibrium.

Even if the wind speed continues to be weak or the wind speed fluctuates from time to time, by setting the capacity of the underground tank appropriately, it can be used as a stable heating heat storage device.

Now, countermeasures against wind damage to wind turbines are important both in the past and in the future, and following this example, measures to deal with various types of wind damage will be sequentially explained.

The first thing to do is to avoid damage during typhoons.
Currently, it is possible to predict the arrival of a typhoon in advance through radar observation and other means, so we have adopted a method of predicting the arrival of a typhoon based on the forecast and knocking down the wind turbines along with their supports to avoid the wind pressure.

FIG. 2 is an external side view of the tiltable wind energy conversion device according to the embodiment.

In the figure, 10 is a base, 11 is a fulcrum shaft, 12 is a rod support shaft,
13 is an I-union type hydraulic cylinder, 14 is a trunnion, 15 is a fixing pin, and 16 is a supporter.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a rod-side I/union type hydraulic cylinder. In the figure, 17 is a rod, 18 is a cylinder, 19 and 19' are pressure oil inlets and outlets, and each has a hydraulic pressure source connected to a hose (not shown). is connected to.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the support frame 9 is connected to the fulcrum shaft 11.
It is rotatably supported by the base 10, but when standing upright, the fixing pin 15 may be inserted through the base 10 and the support frame 9 to fix the support frame 9 in the upright position.

The trunnion 14 fits into both side walls of the column frame 9.

In this case, the I/Union type hydraulic cylinder 18 is in the wired position, and the end of the rod 17 is screwed into the rod support shaft 12 and locked with a nut.

If you want to knock down the wind turbine 1 and the support frame 9 in preparation for a typhoon, fix them.

After removing the pin 15, a hydraulic line consisting of a separately provided hydraulic pump and oil tank is driven to push the trunnion 14 upward along with the cylinder 18.
The support frame 9 rotates around the fulcrum shaft 11 from the upright position, tilts forward to the left, and falls down. When the hydraulic cylinder 13 and trunnion 14 come to the positions 13' and 14', the support frame It falls down to approximately 90' rotation position, and the supporter 16 supports the column 9 at the 10' position.

If necessary, it can also be stopped at an intermediate tilted position.

The hydraulic drive is installed separately. This can be done by operating a sequence control device.

By the way, as mentioned above, this invention does not reach the stage of preventing damage by knocking down the pillars in preparation for a typhoon, but does not allow for sudden changes in wind direction or sudden strong winds that occur during daily life when the pillars are erected. It is distinctive in that measures have been taken to deal with this.

Next, an embodiment of this coping means will be explained.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wind turbine of the example has a structure in which the propeller always turns in the wind direction depending on the wind direction with a downstream type propeller. The implementation is being carried out effectively.

Therefore, a sudden change in direction of strong winds may cause the support mechanism of the wind turbine to turn sharply, which may cause damage to the wind turbine and its support mechanism.

In order to prevent such a situation from occurring, this device is equipped with a hydraulic damper that uses a combination of a hydraulic pump and a throttle to apply a braking effect proportional to the swing speed when a sudden change in wind direction occurs. Measures are being taken to prevent wind turbines from making sharp turns, which can be dangerous.

In other words, in FIG. 1, the wind turbine 1 held in a wind turbine housing 1'' that is integrated with the rotating holder 4 rotates around the human power shaft 2 in accordance with the direction of the wind, but conversely, as the wind turbine rotates, the rotating holder 4 and An integral spur gear 5 also rotates around the input shaft 2 and transmits its rotation to the pinion 6.

A lower reversible hydraulic pump 8 is rotated by a pinion shaft 7 that rotates together with the pinion 6.

FIG. 4 is a hydraulic system diagram of the rotary braking mechanism of the rotary holder centered around the reversible hydraulic pump 8.

In other words, it can be said to be a wind turbine turning speed braking mechanism.

In the figure, 81, 82, 83, and 84 are check valves, 85 is an orifice, and 86 is an oil tank.

Now, when the wind turbine is about to turn suddenly due to a sudden change in wind direction, when the pinion shaft 7 rotates either clockwise or counterclockwise via the spur gear 5 and pinion 6, the hydraulic pump 8 Since this is reversible, working oil is discharged from either port 1-R or L.

For example, the working oil discharged from port R passes through the check valve 81 and reaches the orifice 86. Since the working oil is throttled by the orifice 86, the oil pressure of the working oil in the pipe up to this point increases rapidly. However, it acts as a resistance to the discharge OR and causes a braking action.

The working oil that has been squeezed through the orifice 85 is sent to the tank 86.
The flow flows through the check valve 84 and flows back through the pipe line from port L to the reversible hydraulic pump 8 in the direction of the arrow, but this hydraulic system functions as a hydraulic damper and prevents the rotation of the reversible hydraulic pump 8. It provides a braking action to prevent breakdowns caused by sudden turns of the wind turbine.

Furthermore, this braking mechanism does not exert a large braking effect on rotation when the wind direction changes slowly, and can quickly respond to the wind direction.

Then, when faced with unexpected strong winds, the wind turbine may rotate at excessive speed, potentially damaging its components.

In order to prevent wind turbines from rotating over a certain speed, a pressure compensating flow control valve can be installed after the hydraulic pump or between the orifice and the hydraulic pump described above as an example of the heating heat storage device. At this point, the load torque increases rapidly, but the propeller blades of the wind turbine stall and the generated torque does not increase much, preventing damage to the wind turbine due to overspeed rotation.

Note that, in addition to the above embodiment, the hydraulic pump 3 may be installed inside the wind turbine housing 1'', and the wind turbine shaft 1'' and the drive shaft of the hydraulic pump 3 may be directly connected.

However, in this case, the suction pipe and the discharge pipe in the housing 1'' for the hydraulic pump 3 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the rotation center of the rotary holder 4, and are attached to the inside center of the support frame 9 in the vertical direction. It is necessary to connect to the piping through a rotary pipe joint attached to the rotary holder 4.

In addition, if the height of the support frame 9 is high and the difference in height from the oil tank becomes large, it will be inconvenient to suck in the oil. Appropriate one-way flexible piping that applies a constant boost pressure to the suction piping near the suction port No. 3 is installed and connected to the suction piping in the previous stage, so that the piping system forms a closed loop. Bye.

As is clear from the above explanation, in the wind energy conversion device according to the present invention, in the event of a predicted typhoon, the wind turbine is brought down along with the support to avoid wind damage, which is the same as in the conventional device. In particular, when the wind direction changes suddenly and frequently in daily life, the wind turbine and its support mechanism gradually change direction to the leeward direction, thereby preventing damage to the wind turbine and its support mechanism that would occur due to sudden turns. This can contribute to maintaining the long life of the device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the main part of the mechanism of the embodiment, Fig. 2 is an external side view of the tiltable wind energy conversion device of the embodiment, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the main part of the mechanism of the embodiment.
The figure is a perspective view of the Rondo side L/Union type hydraulic cylinder, and FIG. 4 is a hydraulic system diagram of the rotational braking mechanism of the rotary holder. 1... Windmill, 1'... Drive bevel gear, 1
″... Wind turbine shaft, 1″′... Wind turbine housing, 2... Input shaft, 2'... Driven bevel gear, 3...・Hydraulic pump, 4... Rotating holder, 4'... Strut, 5... Spur gear, 6... Pinion, 7... Pinion shaft, 8... Reversible hydraulic pump, 9... Support frame, 10... Base, 11... Fulcrum shaft, 12...・Rod support shaft, 13...
Rod side trunnion type hydraulic cylinder, 14...
Trunnion, 15...Fixing pin, 16...
...Supporter, 17...Rod, 18...
...Cylinder, 19.19'...Hydraulic inlet/outlet,
81.82゜83, 84...Check valve, 85...
...orifice, 86...oil tank.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A mechanism that extracts wind energy as rotational output by rotating a windmill supported on a support frame so as to be able to rotate depending on the wind direction, a hydraulic pump that is rotatably driven by the rotational output shaft of this mechanism, and a mechanism that uses the support frame as a base. In the wind energy conversion device, the rotation take-out mechanism is connected to the wind turbine through a cylindrical rotation holder that rotatably engages with the -L portion of the support frame. a reversible hydraulic pump for braking, which is supported by the support frame, and which is fixed to the support frame and connected to the rotary holder via a power transmission mechanism; A wind energy conversion device characterized in that the support frame is provided with a braking mechanism that is comprised of an orifice interposed between a port on the discharge side of the pump and an oil tank, and that brakes sudden turning of the rotary holder. .