JPS5950410B2 - Extrusion device using multiple movable wheels - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement of an extrusion device using a movable wheel,
In particular, the present invention relates to a novel extrusion device in which a plurality of movable wheels are appropriately arranged, the structure is simple and lightweight, and the material can be extruded with high efficiency.

An extrusion device for extruding a material using a single movable wheel having an endless groove is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 47-318.
59 or Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 49-65369, etc., and are already known.

The configuration of this extrusion device basically consists of a movable wheel having an endless groove on its peripheral end surface, and a movable wheel that is engaged with this peripheral end surface to form an elongated transport path for material between the groove and this path. The protruding bone closing off one end of the retainer comprises a stationary shoe block with a die in the retainer or a passage near the retainer, and further means for feeding material into said passage.

The mechanism by which this can generate pressure for material extrusion is illustrated by FIG.

That is, FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view showing the vicinity of the transportation passage, and the movable wheel 1 is formed with an endless groove 2 having a rectangular cross section, and a fixed shoe block 3 is formed on the open side of the endless groove. are arranged in engagement, and the endless groove 2 and the shoe block 3 form a transport passage 4, so that the material 5 for extrusion is forcibly fed into the transport passage 4.

As can be seen from FIG. 7, the material 5 contacts the stationary shoe block 3 on one surface, but contacts the endless groove 2 on three surfaces.

Therefore, the contact friction resistance on each contact surface is three times greater on the endless groove 2 side than on the shoe block 3 side.

Here, the shoe block 3 is fixed and the movable wheel 1 is rotated by the contact pressure P of each contact surface.

For example, if the wheel 1 is rotated toward the back of the figure, the frictional resistance of the material 5 against the wheel 1 is much greater, so the material is continuously fed by the wheel toward the back of the figure. By providing a die at the back of the die, the material 5 can be extruded from the die to an infinite length.

However, as can be easily understood from the above explanation, since the source of extrusion pressure is dependent on the contact friction resistance between the material 5 and the endless groove 2, there are some differences from the conventional ram type extrusion device. It also includes various problems.

First of all, there is a structural problem.

As understood from the above, a large separation force is always applied to the shoe block due to the internal pressure of the material.
It is necessary to separately provide the shoe with a strong holding structure to resist this separation force.

It is technically extremely difficult to implement this rigidly, and it is inevitable that the entire device will be large and complicated.

Secondly, there is the following major problem that can be said to be fatal to the movable wheel system.

In other words, as mentioned above, the pressure generation mechanism depends on the frictional resistance of the contact between the material and the groove, but the adhesion with the material during extrusion is not uniform and perfect over the entire contact surface, and varies from place to place. The reality is that things change in various ways over time, and it is inevitable that moving objects using frictional force will involve some level of instability, such as slippage.

The inventors believe that although the empty space is unavoidable in the movable wheel system and the occurrence of defective products is unavoidable, if a plurality of movable wheels are used, the occurrence of such defective products will be greatly reduced. I thought it might be possible to prevent this.

In other words, if there are multiple movable wheels, it is unlikely that all wheels will slip at the same time, and even if one wheel slips, the other wheels will compensate for it, and this will reduce the problem. This is because it is possible to prevent the occurrence of non-defective products.

However, although it is understandable that multiple movable wheels can be used, as explained above, the mechanism and structure for generating pressure is completely different from that of a ram-type extrusion device. The principle structure using a ram cannot be applied to the movable wheel system at all.

Due to the movable wheel system, a special configuration had to be developed, which was a major technical challenge.

How difficult it is to solve this problem is that, although movable wheel type extrusion devices have been proposed since early on, there have been no proposals for extrusion devices using multiple wheels prior to this application. This can be confirmed by the fact that it is not.

The inventors conducted a detailed structural mechanical analysis of the unique structure of a movable wheel type extrusion device, as well as the plastic mechanical behavior of the material based on this analysis, and determined how to achieve high performance with a simple and compact configuration. We have made every effort to develop an extrusion device using multiple wheels that can efficiently produce extruded products.

As a result, it has finally become possible to obtain an extruded product with a simple structure, light weight, high speed, high efficiency, and extremely sound properties, as well as greatly suppressing the occurrence of paris, which has traditionally been a major bottleneck in this type of extrusion equipment. The resulting extrusion device was completed.

That is, the present invention rationally combines the arrangement of wheels and shoe blocks in accordance with the plastic mechanics behavior of the material within the transportation passage, and organically combines the correlation of the pressure generated in the material. However, the present invention aims to provide an extrusion device that is capable of achieving the above-mentioned functions at the same time as simplifying the overall structure. An extrusion device using a plurality of movable wheels in which a transport passage for material extrusion is formed by a fixed shoe block, in which when extrusion pressure is generated in the transport passage by driving the movable wheel, the fixed shoe block A separate movable wheel is disposed outside the point of concentration of forces tending to separate the wheels from the endless groove, and respective fixed shoe blocks are joined together so that each movable wheel's respective transport path is The extrusion device uses a plurality of rotating wheels, which are equipped with a gathering chamber in the back that communicates with each transport passage and where the materials are assembled together, and a die that extrudes the materials from the gathering chamber.

Here, there is a requirement of ``a point of concentration of force that attempts to separate the fixed shoe block from the endless groove,'' but this is a concept similar to the concept of the center of gravity of an object, and This is the central point where the applied reaction force is concentrated at one point, and can also be called a concentration point, and if you support this concentration point, it is theoretically possible to support the shoe, and the details will be explained later. Ru.

The present invention will be described in detail below, but first, FIG. 1, which is a typical embodiment of the present invention, will be explained.

In FIG. 1, movable wheels 10 and 10 are arranged close to each other on the same plane, and 11 and 11 are endless grooves provided on the peripheral end surfaces of the movable wheels 10 and 10, respectively.

12 is a fixed shoe block, and the movable wheel 1
0 and 10 respectively to form elongated transport channels 13 and 13 for the material between the grooves 11 and 11.

The passages 13 and 13 are communicated with each other by a gathering chamber 15 which is bent laterally from the end portion of the fixed shoe block 12 which is closed by the receiving portion 14.

16 is a die provided in the collection chamber 15.

The arrows indicate the rotation of movable wheels 10 and 10, respectively.

In the above, the fixed shoe blocks corresponding to the respective movable wheels 10 and 10 are constructed as a fixed shoe block 12 which is integrated into one body, and for example, linear aluminum metal material 17 and 17 are connected to the passages 13 and 13, respectively. At the same time, wheels 10 and 10 are respectively rotated in the directions of arrows in the figure.

The materials 17 and 17 in the passages 13 and 13 obtain part or all of their extrusion pressure through the contact frictional resistance with the grooves 11 and 11 created by the rotation of the wheels 10 and 10, respectively, as described above, thereby causing the materials 17 and 17 in the die direction to will be moved to

At the back of the passages 13 and 13, two materials 17 and 1
7 flows are collected and integrated in a collecting room 15.

The material 17 thus assembled and integrated is then extruded from the die 16 to obtain a predetermined extruded product 18.

Although the extrusion behavior of the material is as described above, the apparatus according to the present invention is configured as described above, and thus organically utilizes the respective behavior of the extruded material in each wheel. The purpose is to cause effective and proper interaction between the wheels, thereby making the device more compact and highly efficient.

Returning to Figure 7 again.

In order to generate extrusion pressure on the material 5 due to the rotation of the wheel as described above, it is necessary to forcibly feed the material 5 into the transport path 4 which is kept constant depending on the contact friction force, but of course the material 5 The pressure (internal pressure) generated in the passage 5 varies depending on the position in the transportation passage 4, and is small near the passage 4 and increases as the passage is pushed deeper.

In order to maintain the passage 4 against the increased pressure of the material 5, it is necessary to hold down the shoe block, which tends to open outward due to the internal pressure of the material 5, with a restraining force Fn.

The load position of the restraint Fn is the shoe block 3 to be passed through.
If a force is applied to the point where the force is concentrated to separate the shoe block from the endless groove 2, the shoe block can be supported at that point.

The schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 8, and the length of the contact arc between the wheel 1 and the material is φ.

Let φ□ be the angle of the position where the force that causes the shoe block 2 to be separated is concentrated, which is appropriate for applying the above-mentioned restraining force Fn.

The position φm here is the concentration point of the pressure distribution, and this is the point where the sum of the static moments of both the vertical pressure and the shear stress above the shoe becomes O.

The relational expression in which the sum of the moments is O is as shown in equation (1).

(The process of deriving the equation has been omitted.) By solving this equation for φ□, the optimal position of the pin that supports the shoe can be found.

Here, 5S: Ratio of the circumferential length of the workpiece pressed against the shoe RI: Radius of the workpiece before extrusion Rw: Wheel radius P: Pressure applied to the workpiece by the wheel and shoe h: The receiver is from the edge of the part Distance to the restraint part τS: Shear center force applied by the shoe to the workpiece B: Value of 2μRw/Ri μ: Effective friction coefficient of the workpiece μS: Friction coefficient between the shoe and the workpiece ψ: Dimensionless parameter As mentioned above Theoretically, if the point φm is supported with the necessary pressing force Fn, the shoe 2 can be supported at this point.

Figure 8 shows aluminum with μ=0.1 based on equation (2) above, B=5, that is, wheel diameter 250 mm, material diameter 1.
φ when extruded under the condition of 0 mm.

This is a diagram showing the relationship between and φ□.

As already explained, φ0 is an effective length to generate extrusion pressure in the material, but if it is too small, the pressure generation will also be small, and if it is too large, the friction with the shoe will be large, which is not preferable.

φ obtained theoretically and experimentally.

The appropriate length is about 90°, and this point is supported by numerous experiments.

Therefore, when φ□ in the case of φo=90° is determined from FIG. 8, it is found that this is also approximately 90°.

FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of the device shown in FIG.
o=90°.

When the material is extruded by such a device, the φ□ point is approximately 90 degrees as seen above, that is, the part indicated by the X mark in Fig. 9, and the φ□ point in this case is common to wheels 1a and 1b. are the same points.

Since the force Fn required to restrain the shoe is approximately equal to the force in the wheel radial direction that attempts to separate the shoe from the wheel due to the internal pressure of the material, the separation force of the shoe on wheel 1b is immediately applied to the wheel 1a side. The restraining force F.

The separating force of the shoes on the wheel 1a acts as a restraining force Fn on the wheel 1b, and the forces of the other wheel are used to offset each other, resulting in a state of mutual pushing, and no special shoe restraint device is required for this part. The result is that they automatically support each other.

Therefore, in theory, the shoe 3 only needs to be pressed at the point 6, which greatly simplifies the shoe support mechanism compared to the case of a single wheel, and allows the entire device to be made much more compact. This can be said to be one of the unique features of the present invention.

By the way, the φ□ point appears to be φ.

It is easy to have the illusion that the shoe exists at the midpoint of A force is generated, and as mentioned above, the φ□ point moves in the direction of wheel rotation, and the point becomes φ.

Move to a place equal to . This is explained in (1) and (2) above.
It is clearer than the solution of Eq.

Therefore, by arranging another wheel outside the φ□ point, the restraining force F can be reduced.

This allows them to exert mutually offsetting effects.

As a result, the characteristics of a rotary wheel type extrusion device can be fully utilized, and an extrusion device using a plurality of rotary wheels can be provided which is highly efficient and compact.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned effects, the shoe blocks of each wheel are rigidly combined, and each wheel has an F position relative to the other wheel.

It is necessary to have a structure that allows mutual provision of information.

For this purpose, the shoe block may be manufactured from the beginning as a single piece, or separate pieces may be connected and integrated, or the shoe block may be mechanically integrated by having an inclusion that has the rigidity of the separate pieces. Good too.

FIGS. 2 to 6 each show other embodiments of the present invention.

The arrows each indicate the direction of rotation of the movable wheel.

According to the extrusion device shown in FIG. 2, the three movable wheels 37 are arranged radially with an interval of 120 degrees and their axes intersecting with each other.

The fixed shoe block 38 is arranged to engage the circumferential surfaces of the three wheels 37 as shown, and provides three transport passages 40 for material between the three grooves 39 of the wheels 37, respectively. Form.

A collecting chamber 42 with a die 41 is located at the distribution point of the material in the three passages.

In this case, two wheels are placed outside the φm of the - wheel, and the restraining force F on the other two wheels.

The reaction forces are synthesized, and the component force component in the - wheel direction is the restraining force F on the - wheel.

They interact with each other.

According to the extrusion device shown in FIG. 3, the four movable wheels 43 are arranged radially with adjacent axes intersecting each other at 90° intervals.

Further, as shown in the figure, the four movable wheels 43 each have a fixed shoe block 44 positioned between their opposing circumferential end surfaces, and each movable wheel has another movable wheel 43 located outside the φm. are placed.

The gathering chamber 46 with the die 45 is a material distribution location in the four passages 49 formed between the four grooves 47 of the wheel 43 and the shoe block 44 .

According to the extrusion device of FIG. 4, two opposing movable wheels 50,50 have their axes coincident with each other and are spaced apart from each other.

The movable wheels 50 and 50 also have grooves 5 on the side line surfaces.
1 and 51 to form passages 53 and 53 for material between them and the fixed shoe block 53, respectively.

Passages 53 and 53 each lead to a gathering chamber 55 with a die 54.
integrated in the

In this case as well, another wheel exists outside the φm.

According to the extrusion device of FIG. 5, the two movable wheels 60 and 60 have two grooves 61.61 and 61,61 on their respective peripheral end faces.

From this, four passages 63 are formed together with the fixed shoe block 62.

64 is a die provided in the collection chamber 65.

This extrusion device is essentially the same as that in FIG. 1, except that each movable wheel 60 and 60 is provided with two grooves 61, 61 respectively.

According to the extrusion device of FIG. 6, a fixed shoe block 73 is arranged between two movable wheels 74,74.

Materials 75, 75 are supplied from both sides of this shoe block 73 to respective passages 74, are combined in a gathering chamber 76, and are extruded from a die 77.

In this case, there is no substantial difference from the case shown in FIG. 1, except that the rotational directions of the wheels are opposed to each other.

As detailed above, the present invention uses a plurality of movable wheels,
The arrangement of each wheel is determined by φ, which is the optimum load point for the restraining force on the fixed shoe block, that is, the concentration point of the force that attempts to separate the fixed shoe block from the endless groove.

Since the shoe blocks are made to exist on the outside of the wheel and the respective shoe blocks are combined, the support structure of the shoe blocks can be greatly simplified, and the separation force of the shoe blocks is immediately applied to the opposing wheel side. It acts as a restraining force, making the entire device compact and highly efficient, and by arranging the gathering chamber and die between each wheel, the structure is even more compact. It deserves special mention as a device that fully demonstrates the advantages of the wheel system.

Although the structure is simple, in the extrusion device according to the present invention, the extrusion pressure of each wheel is also combined by concentrating the plurality of passages in the gathering chamber of -, and the empty periphery in the wheel of - is combined. Even if something like this occurs, the other wheels are in a state that perfectly complements it, making it possible to always ensure stable extrusion pressure.

Furthermore, the following is a secondary effect.

Since the fixed shoe block is automatically restrained due to the mutual dependence of the forces generated on each wheel, the fixed shoe block does not lift up, and it is possible to reduce the occurrence of cracks and suppress their increase.

For example, in the case shown in FIG. 9, if a pressure difference occurs between the left and right passages for some reason and the pressure on the wheel 1a side becomes high, the shoe block 3 is elastically deformed and tilts toward the 1b side, leading to the passageway on the wheel 1b side. narrow.

Naturally, the pressure inside the channel on the wheel 1b side, which has become narrower, pushes the high-quality tissue back toward the 1a side, and thus the action of constantly trying to equalize the supply of each material from the wheels 1a and 1b is automatically pushed out. A great effect can be expected as the device itself executes the process.

Furthermore, in the past, the only way to increase the extrusion speed was to increase the rotation of the wheel, but this would generate heat and cause significant wear and tear on the wheel.

If there are multiple wheels, the energy that contributes to extrusion will be larger, and the extrusion speed can be increased without increasing the rotational speed of the wheels, which is expected to significantly improve productivity and extend the life of the wheels. It becomes possible.

Furthermore, the effect of reducing the economic burden due to the compactness of the entire device is also significantly different from that of the ram type extrusion device, and when the above-mentioned numerous excellent effects are taken together, the industrial value of the present invention is It can be said that it is exhaustive.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 6 are explanatory diagrams showing respective embodiments of the extrusion device according to the present invention, Figure 7 is a partial sectional view showing the vicinity of the transportation passage, and Figure 8 is the contact arc of the shoe and the optimal shoe restraint point. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the mutual relationship □ between the separation force of the shoe block and the restraining force. 10, 37. 43. 50. 56. 60. 7
4...Movable wheel, 12. 38. 44.
48. 52.58, 73...Fixed shoe block, 11°39.47, 51, 57, 61. ...
...Endless groove, 13. 40. 49. 53.
59. 63...Transportation passage, 17,75...
...Materials, 16, 41, 45, 54. 64.
77...Die, 15. 42. 46.55
, 59, 65, 76... Meeting room, 14...
...Uke is part, 18...product.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An extrusion device using a plurality of movable wheels formed by an endless groove formed on the outer peripheral surface and a fixed shoe block that engages with the groove to form a transport passage for extruding the material, and the extrusion device uses a plurality of movable wheels that are formed by driving the movable wheels to A separate movable wheel is disposed outside the point of concentration of forces which tend to separate the fixed shoe block from the endless groove when extrusion pressure is generated in the transport passage, and a separate movable wheel is arranged for each fixed shoe block. The blocks are combined, and at the back of each transport passage of each movable wheel, there is a collection chamber that communicates with each transport passage and where each material is collected together, and a die that extrudes and molds the material from the collection room. An extrusion device using multiple movable wheels.