JPS5952482B2 - automotive headlights - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a headlamp for an automobile, and more particularly to a headlamp with improved low-beam light distribution characteristics.

The headlights of general automobiles have different types, such as two-lamp type or four-pair type, but the driving beam has its light distribution characteristics so as not to dazzle the driver of an oncoming car when passing by an oncoming car. It is configured to emit a passing beam with a different angle.

In other words, the headlights of a car are as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
It usually consists of a reflector 1, a light source 2, a shade 3 that blocks part of the light from the light source 2, and a lens 4. like 1
A traveling filament 2b and a passing filament 2a, which serve as light sources, are installed at different positions in each lamp unit 5 of the pair, and when only the passing filament 2a is lit, light is emitted with the passing light distribution characteristic. It is now possible to do so.

In addition, in the case of 4-pair headlights, as shown in Figure 2,
A pair of lamp units 6 configured to primarily emit a passing beam are provided separately from the driving lamp units) and 7.

(“New Automotive Engineering Handbook” 10-54-56
Regardless of the format (page, published by Tosho Publishing Co., Ltd.), the light distribution characteristics of a conventional beam for this type of passing are as shown in FIG.

As can be seen from Figure 4, this characteristic diagram shows that the optical axis l is located 25 m in front of the headlight, which is arranged so that its optical axis l is horizontal.
This is an isolight curve when a screen S is set up perpendicular to the screen S and the headlight is irradiated onto the screen S, and the optical axis 1
The intersection point with the optical axis is 0, the horizontal axis passing through the intersection O is H1, the vertical axis is also ``■'', and the angles made with respect to the optical axis ``I'' are scaled on the horizontal axis H and the vertical axis V.

However, in this characteristic diagram, in order to make the description of the characteristics easier to understand, the scale width of the angle with respect to the horizontal axis H and the angle with respect to the vertical axis V are different, and the scale width of the horizontal axis H is the scale width of the vertical axis ■. It is narrower at about 174mm in width.

Therefore, the actual light distribution characteristic is based on this characteristic diagram in the horizontal axis H direction (
The figure is approximately 4 times larger in the horizontal direction).

As is clear from this characteristic diagram, the conventional low beam beam illuminates the area in front of the vehicle as brightly as possible by directing the highest luminous intensity part from optical axis 1 toward the lower left in the direction of travel of the vehicle, but it also dazzles the driver of an oncoming vehicle. Care has been taken to ensure that this does not occur.

Therefore, the area above the horizontal axis H is hardly irradiated with light, and this area is dark when viewed from the driver, making it impossible to clearly see objects in this area.

However, since overhead signs are usually installed in such areas, it becomes difficult to confirm the overhead signs, which poses a problem in terms of safe traffic.

Therefore, in the past, the headlights were temporarily switched to the driving beam to check overhead signs, but when driving (the driving beam has its highest luminous intensity approximately on the optical axis and can illuminate the area above the horizontal axis H), At this time, there is a risk of dazzling the driver of an oncoming vehicle passing by, which is not desirable.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and its purpose is to provide light during passing beams to overhead areas above the horizontal axis H, excluding areas that would dazzle drivers of oncoming vehicles or pedestrians. The object of the present invention is to provide a headlamp that illuminates a portion of the vehicle, thereby making it possible to check overhead signs and ensuring traffic safety.

The present invention also provides a headlamp that prevents the upwardly emitted light from being reflected by the rearview mirror of the preceding vehicle and dazzling the driver of the preceding vehicle, and that also makes it possible to check the overhead sign. It is also something whose purpose is to do something.

In order to achieve this objective, the present invention has considered the light distribution characteristics that may be required of a headlamp as described below.

That is, FIG. 5 schematically represents the forward state of the road as seen from the headlight position in a perspective diagram at the same coordinates as the light distribution characteristics shown in FIG. This example shows a case in which the own army is traveling on the rightmost lane of a road with wheels (6 lanes in both directions).

In the figure, 0 is the intersection with the optical axis, that is, the point at infinity ahead in the traveling direction, H is the horizontal axis, ■ is the vertical axis, and 11 and 1
2 shows the center line and the shoulder (line) of the road on the own lane side as viewed from a perspective view.

Therefore, the angular portion surrounded by lines 11 and 12 becomes the area of the own lane road.

Line 13 is the line of the maximum angle of the eye point of the driver of the oncoming vehicle, and is determined for the following reason.

In other words, the eye point of the driver of the oncoming vehicle, which has the largest angle of elevation when viewed from the position of the vehicle's headlights, is the eye point of the driver's own vehicle (
This is the case of a driver of a large vehicle who drives in the lane closest to the center line 11 of the oncoming lane when the driver (hereinafter referred to as one's own army) drives in the rightmost lane. Based on domestic road widths, etc., the position of the line 13 expressed as an angle at the optical axis point O on the plane of the figure is about 35° with respect to the horizontal axis H.

In other words, the height of the driver's eye point from current large cars to passenger cars is in the range of 1.0 to 2.4 m above the road surface, and the road width is in the range of 2.0 to 3.5 m. If these angles are determined by acting on them geometrically under the conditions described above, the range described above can be determined.

Therefore, the angular area A2 surrounded by the line 13 and the horizontal axis H
This means that the eye points of all the drivers of oncoming vehicles exist in the area above line 13, and conversely, there are no eye points in the area above line 13.

Therefore, it is necessary to prevent light of 21 ux or more from being irradiated onto area A2 so as not to dazzle the driver of an oncoming vehicle.

On the other hand, when considering a pedestrian walking on the road shoulder on the own lane side, the area A4 surrounded by the line 5 and the horizontal axis H becomes the object.

Line 15 is the eye point line when a tall adult is walking on the left side of the own army, such as on a road with one lane each way or a road with no lane distinction, and is the eye point line at the highest angle of elevation with respect to the headlight. It's a big line.

Since the area A4 surrounded by this line 15 and the horizontal axis H is where the eye points of all pedestrians exist,
In this area A4, the brightness needs to be 2 l-ux or less, which is a level that does not dazzle pedestrians.

When the line 15 is calculated based on the statistical height of Japanese people and the road width in the same way as described above, the statistical height is 1.0 to 1.
9 m and the road width is in the range of 2.0 to 3.5 m, so the line 15 is approximately 38° to the horizontal axis H.
becomes.

Note that the line 110 represents the road shoulder on the opposite lane side when there are three lanes on each side, and the area A1 represents the area below the horizontal axis H.

Based on the above considerations, in the case of overhead illumination for checking overhead signs, if the overhead area A6 surrounded by lines I3 and I5 is used, it will not dazzle drivers of oncoming vehicles and pedestrians. It turns out that this does not occur.

Therefore, in the present invention, a part of the headlamp light is irradiated onto such area A6.

However, if we proceed further with the above consideration, it turns out that the area A6 actually
If light is emitted onto the vehicle, the emitted light may enter the interior of the vehicle through the rear window of the preceding vehicle, be reflected by the rearview mirror, and enter the driver's eyes, potentially dazzling the driver.

Therefore, preferably such a case should also be taken into consideration.

Area A7 that dazzles the driver of the preceding vehicle is line 17 in the figure.
It is lower and between lines 18 and 19.

Line 17 is the elevation angle relative to the headlight optical axis, which is approximately 7°.

This is the angle that the optical axis makes with the straight line connecting the lower edge of the rear window of the vehicle in front and the rearview mirror, and light rays with a larger elevation angle than this are blocked by the rear of the vehicle in front and are not dazzled. On the other hand, if it is too large, confirmation of the overhead sign will be delayed.

Lines 18 and 19 are angles in the left and right directions with respect to the optical axis of the headlight, and are 5.5 degrees in the left and right directions with respect to the optical axis (2).

In areas outside of these lines 18 and 19, even if light is irradiated onto the rearview mirror of the preceding vehicle, the reflected light from the rearview mirror will not enter the driver's eyes and will not dazzle him.

Therefore, a further improvement of the present invention is that the area A
7 is not irradiated with light, or even if it is irradiated, it is extremely dark.

When irradiating the region A6 with light, the illuminance of the region A6 needs to be 31 ux or more.

This illuminance is the brightness required to confirm the overhead sign P, but if it is too bright, it becomes difficult to confirm due to the reflected light from the sign.

Here, I would like to add about the illuminance in each area mentioned above. In general, the illuminance is the sum of the brightness of the light source (headlight) and the distance.
It is difficult to express the light distribution characteristics of a headlamp in terms of illuminance because it is determined by a function of the power of A smaller value means that the angle between the headlight and the optical axis becomes larger, so when distributing light from the headlight, the maximum luminous intensity should be placed near the optical axis, and the luminous intensity should decrease towards the periphery. With this characteristic, it is possible to form an area of approximately equal illuminance over an extremely wide area in front of your troops.

The illuminance of each area described above is based on this purpose.

In addition, each line in the above explanation becomes a straight line at the coordinates where the interval becomes wider toward the sides compared to the interval at the center when the angle is the same, and in the above coordinates used in the present invention, it is precisely the horizontal line H1. Lines other than the vertical line V are represented as curved lines, but in the present invention, each line is approximated as a straight line in order to unify the coordinates.

Based on the above considerations, the headlamp of the present invention is constructed as follows.

That is, as the light that irradiates the area A6, there are methods that use light reflected by a reflecting mirror and methods that use direct light from a light source.

Those that utilize reflected light use a rotating parabolic mirror as a reflecting mirror, and place a light source at the focal point whose direct light irradiation is restricted by an appropriately shaped shade. ~ (By changing the thickness of the lens to refract or diffuse the light transmitted through the lens in a predetermined direction), the light was directed downward to the left, but in the present invention, a part of the light is directed downward by changing the lens cut of a part of the lens. The above-mentioned area is irradiated upward.

Products that use direct light use a shade attached to the light source to prevent the direct light from going upwards, but a part of the shade is cut out to direct some of the direct light upwards. The above-mentioned area is irradiated by irradiating the light, and refracting and diffusing the light using a lens cut as necessary.

Eliminating light irradiation to the region A7 of the preceding vehicle can also achieve the above objective by using a lens cut, a shade, or the like.

Next, various embodiments of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway side view of the headlamp 10 of the present invention,
In this embodiment, a headlight exclusively for a passing beam in a four-lamp type headlight is illustrated.

In the figure, 11 is a reflecting mirror made of a paraboloid of revolution, 12 is a light bulb (i.e., a light source) whose filament is placed near the focal point of the reflecting mirror 11, and 13 is a light bulb emitted in front of the light source 12 and at least upward. Shade that blocks direct light,
And 14 is a lens.

All of the following explanations will be made using this type of headlight, but
The same applies to sealed beam type headlights, for example.

Specifically, the shade 13 is provided so as to cover the entire front surface or at least the upper half of the light source 12, as its front shape is shown by 13a and 13b, respectively, in FIG. 14 so that the emitted direct light does not illuminate above, that is, above the horizontal axis H.

On the other hand, the lens 14 is cut so that its front shape is shown in FIG. 8, and the cross section taken along each cutting line in the same figure is shown in A to H in the same figure.

That is, a portion of the upper half of the lens 14 is defined in a V-shape, and this V-shaped portion 15 is cut differently from the remaining portion 16 of the lens.

The remaining portion 16 has a curved surface formed in the form of vertical stripes, as shown in FIG. The area is designed to diffuse light in the left and right directions.

These lights mainly illuminate area A1, which is the own lane road.

The lens cut of the V-shaped portion 15 is formed as a plurality of concentric stripes around the center of the lens when viewed from the front.

Each arcuate stripe is cut into a concave lens shape that is thinner at the center and thickens toward the periphery, as shown in the figure's opening, while its longitudinal cross-sectional shape is shown in the figure. As shown in H to H, each line has a tapered surface whose thickness increases toward the periphery or a curved surface whose curvature gradually changes, and the surface angle of the stripes located at the periphery is θ1.
Surface angle θ2.θ of the stripe where θl′ and θ1″ are located on the central axis
It is constructed as a so-called Fresnel concave lens in which the angles are sequentially larger than 2' and θ2''.

Therefore, parallel light passing through this V-shaped part 15 (direct light is not transmitted through this part 15 due to the action of the shade 13 mentioned above) is directed toward the peripheral side by this lens cut whose wall thickness is changed three-dimensionally. The light passing through is refracted and emitted at a larger angle in the upward direction and at a larger angle in the left and right directions than the light passing through the center side, and as a whole, the light flux passes through the part 15.

will be irradiated above the horizontal axis H in a V-shape.

Therefore, by appropriately determining the curvature, surface angle, etc. of the lens cut in consideration of the refractive index determined by the lens material, the V-shaped irradiation area can be defined as the area.

A6, and the light distribution characteristics of the headlamp 10 can be made to be as shown in FIG. 9.

Area A6 is an area where overhead signs can be illuminated without dazzling oncoming drivers or pedestrians, as described above.
Such a headlamp is extremely advantageous in terms of safe traffic.

A lens 14A shown in FIG. 10 is a lens used in a headlamp that is a further improvement of the above-mentioned headlamp.

That is, this embodiment has the same configuration as the previous example except for the portion 15A, and only the differences will be described.

This lens 14A is provided with a belt portion 17, which extends in the vertical radial direction and has a different lens cut from other portions, approximately at the center of the V-shaped portion 15A.

As shown in the opening of the figure, this band part 17 has the same tendency of lens cutting as No. 8l:, but the surface angle of the same part as No. 8l: is θ /// >θ1゜θ2'''> θ2, the band portion 17 has a shape protruding inward in a cross section along the circular arc, as shown in FIG. 10A.

Therefore, the light that passes through the section 17 has a larger upward refraction angle than the light that passes through the side thereof, and as a result, approximately
When light is irradiated to the letter-shaped area A6, there is a portion in the center of the area A6 where almost no light is irradiated in the vertical direction.

In this case, the light passing through the side edge of the band portion 17 as shown in FIG.
Also, the surface angle θ of part 17 is adjusted so as to define line 19.
1'', θ2'', etc., by setting the band portion 17 to an appropriate shape, size, and range, it is possible to reduce the light irradiation to the area A7 as shown in FIG.

According to this embodiment, it is possible to prevent not only the driver of an oncoming vehicle and a pedestrian from being dazzled, but also the driver of the vehicle ahead.

The embodiments shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 below apply light to area A6 or eliminate light irradiation to area A7 based on substantially the same principle as these examples, but only the specifics of the lens cut in the lens are used. Since the configuration is different from the previous one, only this point will be explained.

Furthermore, since the structure for irradiating the entire area A6 can be achieved by simply removing the band portion 17 in the above embodiment and making the structure similar to other parts, the explanation will be based on a structure in which the area A7 is not irradiated with light, that is, a structure in which the area A7 is not irradiated with light. Do what has been improved.

What is shown in FIG. 12 is formed as a concave lens with a continuous curved surface as shown in FIG. Parallel concave lenses as shown in FIG.
The cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to this is that the sawtooth cut in Figure 10 is shaped like a concave lens with a gently continuous curve as shown in Figure 10A, and its surface angle is adjusted so that it functions exactly the same as the opening in Figure 10. Lens 14 formed into horizontal stripes with
It is B.

According to this configuration, when the area A6 is irradiated with light, the band portion 17B
The light that has passed through the area is spread to the same extent as other areas in the horizontal direction, but due to its vertical curvature, the upward refraction is particularly large, so that the light irradiation to area A7 is reduced. It is considered.

The resulting light distribution characteristics are almost the same as the previous example, and the same effects can be achieved.

Incidentally, as the cross-sectional shape in the lateral direction, shapes as shown in FIGS. 13a and 13 can also be used.

Both portions 17B' and 17 correspond to the band portion 17B.
The shapes of "B" are different, with "a" having a sawtooth shape and "b" having a single concave lens stripe shape.

FIG. 14 shows a lens 14C in which most of the V-shaped portion 15C has vertical stripes, and a concentric band portion 17C is provided near the center.

The vertical cross-sectional shape is formed into a concave lens shape whose thickness increases toward the periphery, that is, toward the top, as shown in FIG.

Further, the band portion equivalent portion 17C has a Fresnel shape.

The cross section in the lateral direction has a symmetrical sawtooth shape, as shown in FIG.

In this configuration, the light that passes through the band-corresponding portion 17C is particularly largely refracted upward to form the region A7.

In addition, when the V-shaped part 15C is made into a vertical stripe as in this embodiment, its cross-sectional shape is such that concave lens-like parts are arranged side by side as shown in FIG. may be formed.

However, in this configuration, the transmitted light in the left and right peripheral areas is
Since the light is refracted into the area A7, it is difficult to prevent the light from reaching the area A7 even if the light passing through the band 17C' is allowed to escape upward.

In addition to the embodiments described above, configurations in which the shape of the stripes seen from the front of the ■-shaped portion 15 are diagonal are possible, and various combinations of each cross-sectional shape are possible. The explanation and illustration of will be omitted.

Further, by changing the shape and dimensions of the lens cut, the front shape of the so-called V-shaped portion 15 can be changed to a rectangular shape, a round shape, or the like.

FIGS. 16 and 17 are intended to irradiate the area A6 using a principle different from those of the above embodiments.

That is, the one in FIG. 16 has a shade 13A on the front surface that is used to block direct light emitted upward from the horizontal axis H among the light rays emitted from the light source 12 (see FIG. 6).
A substantially inverted triangular hole 19 is bored as a direct light passage section.

This hole 19 has a shape corresponding to the area A6, that is, the light source 12
The shape is such that the area A6 can be seen through the area (assuming the light source is a point light source, the shape is approximately similar to the area A6).

However, a protrusion 20 is left in a portion corresponding to area A7 so as not to transmit light.

. In the case of the headlight of this embodiment, the lens part through which direct light passes through the hole 19 is not provided with a lens cut to refract or diffuse the light, and the remaining part is provided with a lens cut 1- as in the conventional case. be applied.

According to this embodiment, the direct light emitted from the light source 12 and passing through the hole 19 travels straight in a radial manner and illuminates the area A6.

The region A7 is shielded from light by the protrusion 20 and is not irradiated with light.

At this time, a part of the reflected light also passes through the hole 19, but since the reflected light is parallel light along the optical axis, it does not have any influence on the area A7.

Furthermore, if the area A7 is not considered, the protrusion 20
The hole 19 may be provided without any.

Based on this idea, no problem will occur no matter how much light is irradiated upwards as long as it is within the angle of area A6.
As a modification of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17, the upper half of the shade 13B may be cut out in the shape of a square square.

21 is a protrusion. Further, although not shown, it is also possible to provide a similar hole or notch to the entire shade 13b shown in FIG. 7.

According to these embodiments, the area A6 can be brightly illuminated by direct light.

If it is too bright, it is possible to use measures such as attaching a neutral density filter to the hole 19 or the like, or cutting a lens to let some of the light escape in the other direction.

The embodiments shown in FIGS. 18 to 22 attempt to irradiate the area A6 using a still different principle.

That is, as shown in FIG. 18, a light passage section consisting of a notch (or hole) 23 is provided in a part of the shade 13C that prevents light from at least upwardly emitting from the light source 12, so that a part of the direct light is directed to the back surface of the lens 14. While the light is transmitted through the lens 14, it is refracted or diffused to illuminate the area A6.

From the point of view of using part of the direct light and converging (diffusing) the light within the area A6 by lens cutting, it can be said that the above two principles are combined.

Although the shape of the notch 23 of the shade 13C is arbitrary, in this embodiment, the upper edge is notched in an arc shape as shown in the figure.

Therefore, the direct light passing through the notch 23 will be irradiated onto the upper side of the lens 14 in an arc shape, and therefore the lens 14 will be cut at this portion 24 of the lens 14.

Figure 19 shows an arcuate portion 24D through which direct light is transmitted.
The front shape is provided as concentric stripes, and the cross-sectional shape along the arc is shaped like a thin convex lens as shown in Figure A, and each wall of this convex lens shape has a focal point at the center compared to the upper part. The distance is shortened, and the vertical cross-sectional shape is formed into a sawtooth shape, with the wall thickness becoming smaller on the peripheral side of the lens, as shown in Figure 2. This is a lens 14D configured to have a large angle.

Then, the center portion 25D of the portion 24D is formed into a further different shape so that the region A7 is not irradiated with light.

In other words, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the central portion 25D has a surface angle different from that of other portions, and the surface angle is smaller than when the region A7 is not considered.

Therefore, according to the lens with the above cut, part 24
The light that passes through D is somewhat converged in the left and right directions, and direct light that would otherwise spread over a wide range is limited to a predetermined range.
The light emitted at an extremely large elevation angle in the vertical direction is directed somewhat downward to illuminate the area A6.

The light transmitted through the central portion 25D is refracted downward less than other portions, and therefore does not illuminate the area A7.

In this embodiment as well, there is no need to form the central portion 25D described above unless consideration is given to eliminating light irradiation to the region A7.

FIG. 20 shows a lens 14E in which the front shape of the portion 24E is formed as stripes in the horizontal (horizontal) direction, and its cross-sectional shape in each direction is the same as that in FIG. 19.

However, the cross-sectional shape of the central portion 25E in the horizontal direction is shaped like a concave lens as shown in FIG. As in the case of Figure C, it is made smaller than the side part.

In this embodiment, as in the previous example, it is possible to irradiate the area A6 with light and not irradiate the area A7 with light.

The lens 14F in FIG. 21 has vertical stripes over the entire portion 24F,
Its cross-sectional shape in the horizontal direction is formed into a symmetrical sawtooth shape as shown in FIG.

In addition, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape is a tapered or curved surface in which the wall thickness gradually decreases on the peripheral side, as shown in Figure 2, and the surface angle increases from the side toward the center and downward. Increase the refractive index to

However, in particular, the surface angle θ3 at the central portion 25F is set to be smaller than the surface angles θ4° and θ5 at other locations.

In the case of this embodiment, the light transmitted through the portion 24F is somewhat converged in the horizontal direction and directed downward in the vertical direction to irradiate the area A6. The light that has passed through 25F has a lower refractive index in the downward direction than other parts due to the surface angle θ3, so the light passes through area A.
7, and the area A7 is not irradiated.

When the front shape of the portion 24F is vertically striped as in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape in the lateral direction can also be made into a structure in which concave lenses are arranged side by side as shown in FIG. 22.

However, if this structure is adopted, it is difficult to control the refraction of light in a fixed direction, so even if the central portion 25F' is provided, it is almost impossible to prevent light from being irradiated to the area A7.

The reason for this is that the diffused light that has passed through parts other than the central part 25F' illuminates the area A7.

In all of these embodiments, direct light is transmitted in an arc shape around the lens, but since it is only necessary to take out a part of the direct light, it is necessary to transmit the direct light near the center of the lens as long as it does not cause any other problems. The light may be transmitted at certain positions, or may be transmitted in a circular or square shape.

However, in this case, the lens cut becomes more complicated.

FIG. 23 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a headlamp without a shade.

Since it does not have a shade, direct light and reflected light are emitted from the lens surface.

Therefore, as shown in the figure, the lens 14G is arranged such that most of the light that passes through the lens 14G illuminates the area below the horizontal axis H.
While the lens cuts most of the G, 16G, the lens 14
By providing a V-shaped portion 15G above G through which light passes straight through without cutting the lens, the portion 1
Area A6 can be illuminated with light transmitted through 5G.

When considering area A7, a light-impermeable part that protrudes to the part 15G at the center of the lens 14G or a lens cut part 26 that refracts light passing through this part in the other direction is hypothetically shown in the figure. It can be configured like a line.

As explained above in the various embodiments, the present invention actively illuminates the area above the horizontal axis of the headlight, excluding the area that dazzles the driver of an oncoming vehicle and the area that dazzles pedestrians. In other words, the irradiation area above the horizontal axis of the headlamp optical axis of the passing beam is illuminated by the vehicle in a plane perpendicular to the headlamp optical axis. The angle range is 35 degrees or more above the horizontal axis on the opposite lane side, and 38 degrees or more above the horizontal axis on the own lane side, so the overhead sign can be displayed without dazzling oncoming drivers and pedestrians. It can be clearly confirmed and is extremely effective for traffic safety.

In addition to the above, light should not be directed to the range where it is reflected by the rearview mirror of the person in front and dazzles the driver in front, that is, the angle range of 7 degrees or less upward and 5.5 degrees or less in the left and right direction with respect to the optical axis. By configuring the device so that no irradiation is performed, it is possible to further improve safety.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of automobile headlamps;
The figure is an isolight curve diagram showing the light distribution characteristics of conventional headlamps.
The figure is a slope view showing the state of measurement of light distribution characteristics, Figure 5 is a diagram explaining the coordinates of light distribution characteristics which are the basis of the present invention, and Figure 6 is a partially broken view of a headlamp to which the present invention is applied. 7 is a front view of the shade, FIG. 8 is a front view and partial sectional view of the lens of one embodiment of the headlamp of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is similar to FIG. 3 showing its light distribution characteristics. FIG. 10 is a front view and partial cross-sectional view of the lens of another example; FIG. 11 is an isotropic curve diagram similar to FIG. 3 showing its light distribution characteristics; FIGS. 12 to 15. 16 and 17 are perspective views of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a shade,
FIG. 18 is a schematic perspective view of a different embodiment;
22 are a front view and a partial sectional view of the lens, and FIG. 23 is a front view and a sectional view of the lens of another embodiment. In addition, each sectional view shows a cross section along each reference numeral in the respective front view. L...headlight, 1...optical axis, H...horizontal axis, ■・
... Vertical axis, 11... Center line displayed on the screen, I3... Line representing the eye point of the driver of the oncoming vehicle, 15... Line representing the eye point of the pedestrian vehicle on the own lane, 17. 18, 19... Lines representing the range of light entering the rearview mirror of the preceding vehicle, A1 to A7...
Area surrounded by each line (A6... area above head), 1
0... Headlamp of the present invention, 11... Reflector, 12...
Light source, 13... Shade, 14... Lens, 15.
... V-shaped part, 17 ... central band part, 19 ... hole (
light passing portion), 20... protrusion, 21... protrusion, 22.
... Notch (light passing part), 23... Notch (light passing part), 24... Direct light transmitting part, 25... Central part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A headlamp comprising a reflecting mirror, a lens, and a light source for passing beams, wherein the reflecting mirror is a paraboloid of revolution, the light source is arranged near the focal point of the reflecting mirror, and , using at least one of a shade that covers the light source and a lens cut, to illuminate an irradiation area above the horizontal axis of the headlight optical axis of the passing beam in a plane perpendicular to the headlamp optical axis,
35 points above the horizontal axis on the opposite lane side of the car's direction of travel
A headlight for a vehicle that has an angular range of 38° or more above the horizontal axis on the own lane side. 2. The automobile headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the upper irradiation area is such that a position corresponding to a sign at a height of 4.5 m above the ground on the plane 25 m ahead is irradiated with light at an illuminance of at least 3 lux or more. light. 3. The shade that covers the light source of the passing beam prevents direct light from the light source from irradiating at least the upper half of the lens, and the lens cut directs the reflected light to at least a portion of the upper half of the lens in the horizontal and upward directions. An automobile headlamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the headlamp is adapted to be refracted or diffused to distribute light to the upper irradiation area. 4. The shade that covers the light source of the passing beam is provided with a light passage section consisting of a hole or notch having a shape corresponding to the upper irradiation area, and at least direct light is directed upward from the horizontal axis in a portion other than the light passage section. An automobile headlamp according to claim 1 or 2, which is configured such that it does not emit light. 5. The shade that covers the light source of the passing beam is provided with a light passage section consisting of a hole or notch through which a portion of the direct light leaks out, and at least in a portion other than the light passage section, the direct light is directed upward from the horizontal axis. In addition to preventing irradiation, a lens cut is made on the lens surface through which the leaked light passes, so as to refract, diffuse, or converge the light in the left-right direction and the up-down direction, and distribute the light to the upper irradiation area. An automobile headlamp according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: 6. The automobile headlamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lens cut is performed so that direct light and reflected light from the light source are refracted at least below the horizontal axis. 7. In a headlamp equipped with a reflecting mirror, a lens, and a light source for a passing beam, the reflecting mirror is a paraboloid of revolution, the light source is arranged near the focal point of the reflecting mirror, and a shade that covers the light source is provided. and a lens cut, the irradiation area above the horizontal axis of the headlight optical axis of the passing beam is set in a plane perpendicular to the headlamp optical axis, and above the horizontal axis on the opposite lane side in the direction of travel of the vehicle. 35° to
Above, on the own lane side, the angle range is 38 degrees or more above the horizontal axis, excluding the angle range of 7 degrees or less above the optical axis and 5.5 degrees or less in the left and right direction. Car headlights. 8 The upper irradiation area is at least 3 points from a position equivalent to a sign at a height of 14.5 m above the ground 25 m ahead on the plane.
The automobile headlamp according to claim 7, which is irradiated with light at an illuminance higher than that of the vehicle. 9 The shade that covers the light source of the passing beam prevents direct light from the light source from irradiating at least the upper half of the lens, and the lens cut allows the reflected light to be directed horizontally and upwardly onto at least a portion of the upper half of the lens. The light is refracted or diffused in the direction to distribute the light to the above-mentioned upper irradiation area, and furthermore, a part of the light is bent upward by 7 degrees or less with respect to the optical axis and by 5 degrees in the left and right directions.
An automobile headlamp according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the headlamp is adapted to refract and deflect light emitted in an angular range of 5 degrees or less to another irradiation position. 10 The shade that covers the light source of the passing beam shall have a hole or notch shaped to correspond to the upper irradiation area, excluding an angular range of 7 degrees or less upward and 5.5 degrees or less in the horizontal direction with respect to the optical axis. 9. The automobile headlamp according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising a light passing section which is configured to prevent direct light from irradiating at least above the horizontal axis in a portion other than the light passing section. 11 The shade that covers the light source of the passing beam is provided with a light passage section consisting of a hole or a notch through which a portion of the direct light leaks out, and at least the direct light is directed above the horizontal axis in a portion other than the light passage section. In addition to preventing irradiation, the lens cut refracts or diffuses or converges the leaked light in the horizontal direction and vertical direction on the lens surface through which the leaked light passes, and distributes the light to the upper irradiation area. Claim 7 or 8 is adapted to refract and deflect light emitted in an angular range of 7 degrees or less upwardly and 5.5 degrees or less in the left-right direction to another irradiation position. Automobile headlights as described in section. 12. The automobile headlamp according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the lens cut is performed so that direct light and reflected light from the light source are refracted at least below the horizontal axis.