JPS5953671B2 - Earth electrode treatment method using reducing agent - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] It is detailed that the rod-shaped earth electrode made of a good conductive metal should have a larger diameter at the same length, the more contact surface with the earth, and the lower the resistance value. This is naturally known.

Except for Type 1 earthing, which is used as electrical safety facilities where electrical safety is important, the construction budget for Type 2 and Type 3 earthing is extremely low due to a long tradition.

For this reason, rod-shaped earth electrodes are made of copper rods with a diameter of about 10 mm at most, and are driven in length by hammering them into place. 1 at most
Only about 2 meters of concrete can be poured, and as a general rule, the resistivity of the ground in such strata is high, making it impossible to obtain the desired resistance.

Therefore, it is unavoidable to install multiple earth electrodes at a distance of about 2 meters, connect them, and process the combined value. According to the construction standards of A ground pole must be driven and the top end must be placed at the bottom of the hole.

Therefore, the ground poles installed in multiple places have 75 mm between each pole.
Synthesis must be accomplished by excavating a deep trench and connecting with electric wires, which is extremely complicated as the amount of trench excavation also increases as the number of poles increases.

Recently, a reducing agent (hereinafter referred to as gel) that artificially reduces the earth resistance has been developed5, making it possible to greatly reduce the earth resistance of the l pole, making it extremely convenient. It is now common.

Recently, however, the reduction effect has gradually decreased over time, even though the reduction was considerably reduced at the time of construction. The resistance was reduced to 75 ohm by 50% at once, but after only 6 months it rose to 80 ohm, and one year later it became 100 ohm, and two years later it became 120 ohm.
Due to repeated changes over time, re-construction has become necessary.

This type of change over time has to be said to be unexpected due to the nature of gel, and currently commercially available gels and their usage methods all apply soil stabilizers, and each gel has a coagulant and a coagulant. The reducing agent is mixed with water and stirred to form a solution, which is about 3
After the scheduled time of ~5 minutes has elapsed, the entire amount of the gel, which is indestructible, hygroscopic, and has a solidifying property, is injected in solution form into the hole at a depth of 75 mm, and is poured into the hole from the bottom of the hole. The earth electrode is allowed to penetrate into the soil around it, and the earth electrode and the surrounding soil are allowed to coagulate tightly over the period of 3 to 5 minutes required for the penetration, and the small diameter rod-shaped earth electrode is transformed into a large diameter rod. The gel itself has a contact effect comparable to that of a soil stabilizer and has added properties such as reducing properties and hygroscopic properties. Since it contains chemicals, the earth resistance should not change over time.

However, there is a serious error here, and this is the cause of aging. In other words, the environment in which soil stabilizers are used is when improving a certain area of soil in large-scale civil engineering works. A large amount of soil stabilizer is injected into the soil using a powerful injection machine, and the soil is saturated with the chemical solution and solidified.

In this way, the desired range of soil is modified to create a modified soil mass, but when this is examined in detail, the soil surrounding the soil mass is out of the reach of the mechanical injection force during injection, but rather due to natural infiltration. Because it is soil, it is formed into a coarse coagulated mass resembling hair roots, and these coarse coagulated masses separate as time passes through the baptism of the four underground waters. be. However, the gelation reduction method for earth electrode construction is based on a low budget and the use of mechanical power, which is mobile enough to track and install a large number of utility poles one after another, for example, for the security of equipment attached to utility poles. The gel press-in method is not something that can be expected at all, and a solution of approximately 201 mm is poured into a hole of 75 mm depth drilled on the surface of the earth as described above, and it naturally surrounds the earth electrode that has been cast from the bottom of the hole. It is intended to be penetrated.

In this way, if the penetration time is about 3 to 5 minutes, there is no way that it will penetrate enough to about 1.5 m in normal soil, and at most it is possible to only hope for penetration of about 50 mm from the bottom of the hole. However, it is absolutely impossible to saturate permeated soil with a solution, and it is equivalent to mixing sand or gravel in an amount several times the amount specified when mixing concrete, resulting in extremely coarse soil. Most of the solution becomes a coagulated mass and stays in the hole and solidifies. However, even though such a coarse solidified mass contains a considerable amount of moisture at the time of construction, the earth resistance value is temporarily reduced in order to achieve the mission of intimate intermediary between the earth electrode and the surrounding soil. However, due to the fact that it is close to the ground surface, it becomes extremely dry from time to time, and as rainwater permeates underground repeatedly, the coarse solidified mass gradually separates into small units, and eventually becomes useless as a welding medium and is grounded. This induces aging of the poles.

It is also clear that some types of gels that use polymeric substances such as cement or gypsum as a hardening agent are already separated in solution due to the percolation effect of the soil during natural infiltration. Therefore, planned coagulation becomes impossible.

The present invention provides a method for lowering the resistance value of a ground electrode, which ideally solves the above problem.

As described above, the present invention eliminates the unreliable coagulation method that relies on natural permeation of the gel solution, and conversely incorporates into the gel constituents an auxiliary agent based on a coarse particle polymeric substance that actively prevents underground permeability. Then, by using reasonable means, the entire length of the earth electrode that can be installed underground is completely covered with a gel solidified body as a large-diameter rod-shaped body with a uniform outer diameter, and then this is tightly attached to the surrounding soil. This is a technology that can be transformed into a new technology.

The present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, stores an earth electrode 1 made of a rod or an electric wire in a tube 2 made of vinyl or the like, and then puts this into a mold, and injects a gel solution into the tube 2 to solidify it. It is completely covered with an indestructible coagulated gel body 3 which has a uniform outer diameter and the length of the earth electrode, and is completely covered with a tube 2 as shown in Fig. 2. A round bar-shaped earth pole body A that can be maintained is first prepared prior to construction.

Thus, when installing this underground, a storage ring 5 with a slight height is provided on the upper side as shown in Fig. 3, and a hook 4 with a pointed tip is placed inside the storage ring 5 as shown in Fig. 4. A driving pipe 6 with an outer diameter that can be inserted loosely and with a planned extra length than the length of the ground pole body A is inserted 1 and integrated as shown in Fig. 5. The inner diameter of the embedded pipe 6 must be such that the ground pole body A can be inserted loosely.

As shown in Figure 6, the driving pipe 6 integrated with the hook 4 is driven into the ground from the bottom of a hole with a depth of 175 mm, which can be excavated according to the equipment standards for electrical work. It is a matter of course that a casting cavity 7 is created around the final driving pipe 6 as a casting locus corresponding to the wall thickness of the pipe by the preceding housing ring 5. Next, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the earth pole body A is inserted into the driving pipe 6 by removing the tube and exposing the entire surface of the coagulated gel body 3, and the tip is fixed in the storage ring 5. However, at this point in time, it is convenient for the construction that the upper end of the ground pole body A is approximately in line with the bottom of the hole, and the upper end of the driven pipe 6 is approximately in line with the ground surface. It is also obvious that a gap equal to the thickness of the storage ring 5 is created between the diameter and the inner diameter of the driving pipe 6.

Next, a gel solution of exactly the same quality as the ground pole body A is injected into the driven pipe 6 to fill the gap between the driven pipe 6 and the ground pole body A as well as the length of the driven pipe 6 that is longer than the ground pole body A. After the solution is filled, the hook 4 and the ground pole body A are left in the ground, and only the driven pipe 6 is gradually pulled out. A casting gap 7 is created around the earth pole body A as shown in FIG. 8 after being discharged.
The gel solution fills and condenses in the overall gap between the driving pipe 6 and the ground pole body A, as well as the gap corresponding to the wall thickness of the driving pipe 6. Also, if the gel solution is insufficient, the driving pipe 6 The secondary gel aggregate 8 is created by replenishing it as needed during the extraction process.

In addition, in the process of forming the secondary gel aggregate 8, a small amount of liquid permeates into the surrounding soil, but in the present invention, the gel solution is used to actively block the spaces between soil particles, thereby impairing the permeability. A large amount of polymeric auxiliary agent is mixed in to make the concrete work, and the concrete is poured using a hook 4 which is placed by pressing and removing the opposing soil with its own volume in the naturally expanded and pre-formed stratified soil. Since the soil on the side walls of the void 7 is tightly consolidated, most of the soil does not penetrate and stagnates and condenses.

Based on the above, the present invention is capable of grounding using pure gel aggregates clearly confirmed on the ground surface, as opposed to the conventional technology which attempts to create uncertain gel aggregates in the soil through natural infiltration. This is an earth electrode treatment method that uses an ideal reducing agent that covers the pole 1 with a larger diameter and further fills the surrounding void with a homogeneous coagulated gel so that it is in close contact with the surrounding soil.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the relationship between the electrode and the tube.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the earth pole body A. 3, 4, and 5 are all side views for explaining the casting tool of the present invention. FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8 are side views each illustrating the construction state. 1...
Earth pole, 2... tube, 3... coagulated gel body, 4... hook, 5... storage ring,
6... Drive-in pipe, 7... Drive-in gap,
8...Secondary condensate, A...Earth pole body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Prior to installation, the length of the rod-shaped earth electrode 1 made of a good conductive metal is covered with a tube 2, and a gel-like coagulant containing an auxiliary agent made of a polymeric substance is injected into the tube 2. The earth electrode 1 is integrally connected with the earth electrode 1 to create an earth electrode body A that sufficiently maintains moisture during condensation, while the earth electrode is inserted into the driving pipe 6 which is engaged with the harpoon 4 and driven into the ground. After removing the tube 2 and inserting the body A, the driving pipe 6 is injected and filled with a gel solution of the same quality as the earth pole body A, and then the earth pole body A and the harpoon 4 are left in the ground. Then, only the driving pipe 6 is gradually pulled out, and the gel solution inside the driving pipe 6 is sequentially discharged from the tip of the driving pipe 6, while filling the casting gap 7 and the extraction gap of the driving pipe 6. When the gel solution is insufficient, it is replenished at any time through the injection pipe 6 during extraction to form a secondary gel aggregate 8, and this secondary gel aggregate 8 is used to connect the ground pole body A. A method for treating an earth electrode using a reducing agent characterized by closely integrating it with the surrounding soil.