JPS599694B2 - "Ten" leveling method and its weight for underwater rubble foundation - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a warm-pressure leveling construction method for an underwater ripple foundation for leveling the top of an underwater ripple foundation on which a caisson or block is installed when constructing a breakwater, etc., and a weight thereof.

Conventionally, most of the work to level the top of the underwater rubble foundation mentioned above was carried out underwater by divers.To explain the procedure, the rubble is dropped to approximately the planned height, and then a submersible is placed at the required position. The rope is fixed with an anchor rope, etc., and the rope man lowers a weight into the water and informs the diver of the position to drive the stake, according to the instructions of the surveyor on the existing caisson. Drive the piles one after another, and place the piles in rows at the leveled width of the rubble foundation.

Next, Tsunao lowered the box measure into the water, and while the diver fixed and supported the bottom end on the top of the pile, the surveyor measured the height of the top of the pile. In the same way, the height of the top of each pile was measured, and based on the measurement results, the diver removed the piles that were higher than the planned height of the top of the rubble foundation, and added the height of the piles that were lower. Align the top of each pile with the above planned height.

Next, the diver erects a through hole in the direction in which the piles are arranged to serve as a vertical ruler, and erects another through hole between the above-mentioned through holes to serve as a horizontal ruler, thereby completing the installation of the shikake-gata.

Next, based on the above-mentioned shape, the diver adjusts the excess and deficiency of rubble to level out the top to the planned height.

As mentioned above, most of the conventional leveling work for underwater rubble foundations is done underwater by divers, and moreover, by hand.
It is extremely difficult to work, especially in bad wave conditions or when visibility is poor due to turbidity. Not only is it extremely difficult to work, but it is also dangerous. It is also unstable, which is one of the causes of prolonging construction periods and increasing construction costs.

In addition, as the water gets deeper, the workability of the diver becomes extremely worse and the danger also increases. For example, it is practically impossible for a diver to level the large pieces at a depth of 20 to 30 meters. be.

In view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, the present invention makes it possible to efficiently, safely, and firmly level the top of a rubble foundation in deep water while performing all operations above water.

In the following, the weight leveling weight of the present invention will be explained with reference to the illustrated embodiment, and then the construction method of the present invention using this weight will be explained.

Figures 6 and 8 show a weight 2 for leveling the top of an underwater rubble foundation 1 at a depth of 30 m.

This weight 2 has a rectangular tower 4 installed on a weight body 3, and the tower 4 has three parts: an upper frame body 5, a middle frame body 6, and a lower frame body 7 erected on the weight body 3. They are designed to be separable, and can be assembled into the desired state of use by connecting them on a crane ship, existing caisson, caisson yard, etc., and can be separated when not in use.

The weight body 3 is made of extra-thick steel plate and has a square shape (7 to 10 m”).
A weight box 11 is stored in a storage cavity formed by installing pillars 9 made of shaped steel at the four corners of the upper surface of the weight plate 8 formed in the shape of the frame, and mounting and fixing a rectangular frame plate 10 made of steel to each upper end of the pillars 9. The height is 4
It is set to m.

The weight box 11 is filled with scrap iron, iron sand, etc.
Put 4 pieces into the storage cavity from the top opening and stack them.
The upper opening is closed by a cover plate 12.

Thus, the weight of the weight body 3 in water can be adjusted within a range of, for example, 20 to 60 tons by adjusting the weight or the number of weight boxes 11 stored.

Reference numeral 13 denotes suspension rings provided at the four corners of the upper surface of the rectangular frame plate 10, to which the tips of the wire ropes 14 are locked and the weight body 3 is suspended by the crane 15.

The lower frame body 7 has a height of 7 m by arranging beams 17 and braces 18 at appropriate intervals on four pillars 16 whose lower ends are fixed to the four corners of the upper surface of the rectangular frame plate 10 of the weight body 3. A connecting rectangular frame plate 19 made of a steel plate and shaped like a frame is fixed to the upper end of the support column 16 (Fig. 2).

An insertion hole 21 for a bolt 20 is provided around the connection rectangular frame plate 19.
The wire ropes 14 are arranged in a row at a required interval, and a through hole 23 for the wire rope 14 is formed in the triangular reinforcing piece 22 fixed to the inside of each of the four corners, and a rubber buffer ring 24 is inserted into the through hole 23. It is fitted (Figure 3).

The middle frame body 6 includes four pillars 25, beams 26 and braces 27.
are arranged at appropriate intervals and assembled into a prismatic turret shape with a height of 9 m, and connecting rectangular frame plates 19 of the lower frame body 7 are attached to the upper and lower ends of the pillars 25.
A connecting rectangular frame plate 19.19 having the same configuration as that is fixed.

The upper frame body 5 includes four pillars 28, beams 29 and braces 30.
arranged at appropriate intervals and assembled into a prismatic turret shape with a height of 12 m.
A connecting rectangular frame plate 19 having the same structure as the connecting rectangular frame plate 19 of the middle frame body 6 is fixed to the lower end of the support column 28, and
Steel side plates 31 are installed on four sides around the approximately 4m high part above 8.
A rectangular horizontal ruler plate 32 made of steel is stretched on the upper end of the support 28 so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the support 28.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a scale scale attached to the outer surface of the corner portion of the side plate 31, which corresponds to the weight plate 8 when the upper, middle, and lower frames 5, 6, and 7 are connected in series as shown in FIG. The height range from 28 m to 32 m from the bottom surface of is indicated on a scale of 1 cTL.

Reference numeral 34 denotes an insertion tube through which the wire rope 14 is inserted, and a total of four insertion tubes are installed vertically inside the corner portion of the side plate 31 along each support 28, and the upper and lower ends are connected to wrappers. A rubber buffer ring 35 (the lower end is not shown) is fitted, and the upper end is attached to the horizontal ruler plate 32.
Openings are made at the top of the four corners.

36. 36 is a pair of hanging rings fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal ruler plate 32.

Therefore, in order to assemble the weight 2 of the present invention by connecting the upper frame 5, the middle frame 6, and the lower frame 1, it is necessary to
An upper frame body 5, a middle frame body 6, and a lower frame body 7 each standing upright.
The wire rope 37 of the crane 15 is locked to the hanging ring 36 of the upper frame 5 (FIG. 4), and the upper frame 5 is attached to the middle frame 6.
The connecting square frame plate 19 at the lower end is overlapped with the connecting rectangular frame plate 19 at the upper end of the middle frame body 6 and erected (Fig. 5).
, the bolts 20 are inserted into the corresponding insertion holes 21, 21 of the overlapping connecting rectangular frame plates 19 and 19, and the nuts 38 are inserted.
are tightened to connect and fix the middle frames 5 and 6.

Next, after connecting as above, the middle frames 5 and 6 are attached to the crane 1.
5 above the lower frame body 7, and the connecting rectangular frame plate 19 at the lower end of the middle frame body 6 is overlapped with the connecting rectangular frame plate 19 at the upper end of the lower frame body 7 to stand up (Fig. 6). The bolts 20 are inserted into the respective insertion holes 21, 21 of the connected rectangular frame plates 19, 19, and the nuts 38 are tightened (Fig. 8). By connecting and fixing the middle frame body 6 and the lower frame body 7, a square shape is formed. A weight 2 (height 32 m) consisting of a tower 4 and a weight body 3 is assembled.

In the above, the work of tightening the connecting rectangular frame plates 19, 19 with the bolts 20 and nuts 38 is performed at the height 9 of the upper end of the middle frame body 6.
Since the work can be carried out at relatively low positions, ie, the height llm where the upper end of the lower frame body 7 on the weight body 3 is located at a height of 4 meters, the workability is good and safety is also high. .

Further, due to the above assembly, the weight plate 8 and the horizontal ruler plate 32 of the weight 2 are vertically opposed to each other in parallel, and each insertion tube 34 and the insertion hole 23 are also vertically opposed to each other. .

In order to suspend the weight 2 by the wire rope 14, the wire rope 37 is removed from the crane 15, and then the tips of the four wire ropes 14 whose base ends are fixed to the hooks 38 are lifted up. Each insertion tube 34 of the frame body 5 is inserted into each of the vertically opposing insertion holes 23 of each frame body 5, 6, and 7, and the hanging tool 39 fixed at the tip is locked to the hanging ring 13 of the weight body 2. By pulling this wire rope 14, the weight 2 is lifted and raised to stand on the top of the underwater rubble foundation 1, as shown in FIG.

In this case, when connecting and fixing the upper, middle, and lower frames 5 to 7, an auxiliary rope 40 is inserted into the insertion tube 34 and the insertion hole 23 in advance as shown in FIG. is connected to the tip of the wire rope 14 on the ground, and by pulling the other end, the wire rope 14 can be inserted safely and efficiently on the ground.

In addition, the wire rope 14 directly suspends the weight body 3, and the turret 4
Since the weight body 3 is only inserted and guided through the insertion tube 34 and the insertion hole 23, when the weight 2 is suspended, the weight body 3
The weight load is not applied to the turret 4.

Therefore, the turret 4 can be constructed to be as light as possible as long as it has a structure strong enough to support the horizontal ruler plate 32 and the scale scale 33 in a predetermined state.

In addition, in order to separate the weight 2 into the upper, middle, and lower frames 5 to 7, it is sufficient to perform the above assembly procedure in the reverse order.
Also, the wire rope 14 is connected to the hook 38 of the crane 15.
To remove the turret, the worker climbs onto the upper end of the turret 4, which is at a height of 30 m or more, by connecting the auxiliary rope 40 to the hanging tool 39 that has been removed from the hanging ring 13, and lowering the hook 38 to the ground while letting it out. Installation and removal work can be done on the ground without the need for it.

Next, the construction method of the present invention, which is carried out by directly using the weight 2 having the above structure, will be explained.

First, the top of the underwater rubble foundation 1 is formed in advance to be slightly higher than the planned height, and when a weight 2 is lowered onto the top surface using the crane 15 of a crane ship (not shown), the scale 33
The upper part protrudes above the water from approximately the center, and the weight 2 tilts according to the unevenness of the top surface, so the unevenness of the top is detected based on the degree of inclination with respect to the horizontal ruler plate 32, and the unevenness of the top is detected accordingly. The weight 2 is lifted by 1 to 2 m and dropped, the weight plate 8 collides with the top to measure the pressure, and thereafter the above-mentioned detection and pressure are repeated as appropriate to roughly level the top.

During this downward pressure, the four wire ropes 14 are inserted into the insertion tubes 34 at the four corners of the upper end of the turret 4 and are equally tensioned, so the turret 4 can be maintained in an upright state without being inadvertently tilted. .

After completing the rough leveling, the surveyor lowers the weight 2 onto the top surface and measures the scale of the scale 33 with a surveying instrument 42 installed at a fixed point, for example, the existing caisson 41, and measures the top height. Measure the height and notify the operator of the Qnorn ship of this using a transceiver, etc., and then adjust the lifting height of the weight 2 and further apply high pressure until the top reaches the planned height. It is.

Note that the above-mentioned turret and weight plate are not limited to the above-mentioned shape, and may be formed, for example, in a circular shape, and the scale scale may be displayed directly on a required part of the turret instead of being separate from the turret.

In addition, the turret 4 can be separated into three pieces with a height of 32 m,
Although the case where the weight of the weight body 3 is 20 to 60 tons and the weight plate is 7 to 10 m2 is shown, the height and number of separated towers 4, the weight of the weight body, the size of the weight plate, etc. are not limited to these. , the depth of the underwater rubble foundation, the width of the top surface, the capacity of the crane ship, etc., and should be set appropriately.

As is clear from the above, according to the method of the present invention, all operations can be performed on the water and mechanically, so that conventional divers can level the rice under water and manually. Compared to the conventional method, the foundation leveling can be carried out with extremely good workability, efficiency, and safety.

In addition, since height measurement and surface pressure can be performed simultaneously and mechanically on the water, leveling work can be performed accurately even when the area to be leveled is large, the waves are high, and the water is heavily polluted. It is effective.

Furthermore, according to the weight of the present invention, by directly suspending the weight body from the wire rope of the crane, the weight of the weight body is not applied to the tower at all, so the tower can support the scale scale in a measurable state. As long as it has a strong structure, it can be made as light as possible and as high as possible, so it is easy to flatten the top of the underwater rubble foundation at a deep water depth of about 30 m as in the above example.
It can be carried out reliably.

In addition, since the relative weight of the weight body increases by the weight of the turret, and the center of gravity is lowered, it is stable when the weight is erected in a caisson yard, an existing caisson, etc., and can be easily tipped over. It is highly safe without causing any damage.

Furthermore, the weight body is suspended by a wire rope, and the wire rope is inserted through the upper end of the turret to support the upper end, so the turret can be hung vertically without accidentally tilting it. can do.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 7 show examples of the weight of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a perspective view of the upper frame body, Figure 2 being a perspective view of the middle frame body, and Figure 3 being the weight body and its structure erected. A perspective view of the lower frame body, Fig. 4 is a front view showing the upper frame suspended on a crane, and Fig. 5 shows a state in which the ten frame suspended on the kunun is connected to the middle frame. Front view, Figure 6 is a front view showing the state in which the weight is assembled by connecting the upper, middle and lower frames, and Figure 7 is the connecting part between the middle frame and lower frame and the upper part of the weight. FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part of the construction method of the present invention. 14...wire rope, 3...pyramid, 4...turret, 1...underwater rubble foundation, 33...scale scale.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A scale scale is provided on the upper part of the turret established on the weight body and runs in the height direction of the turret with the bottom surface of the weight body as a reference point, and a wire rope is suspended from a crane. is inserted into the upper end of the turret, and a weight with the tip of this wire rope fixed to the weight body is suspended from the top surface of an underwater rubble foundation whose top surface is formed slightly higher than the planned height. It is characterized by leveling the height of the crest to the planned height while measuring the height of the crest using the graduated scale of the turret and a surveying instrument installed at a fixed point such as an existing caisson. Leveling method for underwater rubble foundation. 2 A scale scale that runs in the height direction of the turret with the bottom of the weight as its starting point is provided on the upper part of the turret established on the weight body, and a wire rope suspended by a crane is inserted through the upper end of the turret. A weight for leveling high pressure, characterized in that the tip of the wire rope is fixed to the weight body.