JPS599695B2 - "Ten" leveling method and its weight for underwater rubble foundation - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for leveling underwater rubble foundations, which smooths the top of underwater rubble foundations on which caissons, blocks, etc. are installed, when constructing breakwaters, etc., and a weight thereof.

Conventionally, most of the work to level the top of the underwater rubble foundation mentioned above was carried out underwater by divers.To explain the procedure, the rubble is dropped to approximately the planned height, and then a submersible is placed at the required position. For example, the steelworker lowers a weight into the water and informs the diver where to place the pile, following the instructions of the surveyor on the existing caisson, and the diver then moves to the specified position for the required length. Drive the piles one after another, and place the piles in rows at the leveled width of the rubble foundation.

Next, the steel worker lowers the box measure into the water, and while the diver fixes and supports the bottom end on the top of the pile, the surveyor measures the height of the top of the pile, Thereafter, the height of the top of each pile was measured in the same way, and based on the measurement results, the diver cut off the piles that were higher than the planned height of the top of the rubble foundation, and cut off the height of the piles that were lower. Align the tops of each pile with the above planned height by adding additional pieces.

Next, the diver erects a through hole in the direction of the rows of each of the above-mentioned piles to serve as a vertical ruler, and also erects another through hole between the above-mentioned through holes to serve as a horizontal ruler, thereby completing the installation of the keikata. Using the above-mentioned shape as a reference, the diver adjusts the excess and deficiency of rubble to level out the top to the planned height.

As mentioned above, most of the conventional leveling work for underwater rubble foundations is done underwater by divers, and moreover, by hand.
It is extremely difficult to work, especially when the wave conditions are bad or visibility is poor due to turbidity, and it is dangerous. The edges are also unstable, which is one of the causes of prolonging the construction period and increasing construction costs.

Furthermore, as the depth of the underwater rubble foundation increases, the workability of the diver becomes extremely poor and the danger increases; for example, leveling work by a diver at a depth of 20 to 30 meters is practically impossible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional art, it is an object of the present invention to enable efficient, safe, and robust standard pressure equalization while all operations are performed on the water.

In the following, the weight for leveling pressure of the present invention will be explained with reference to the illustrated embodiment, and then the construction method of the present invention using the same weight will be explained.

2 in Figures 1 and 6 shows a weight for leveling the crown of an underwater rubble foundation 1 at a depth of 30 m.

The weight 2 has a square tower 4 installed on a weight body 3, and this tower 4 connects four movable frames 5 to 8 in a telescopic manner.

That is, the weight body 3 is made of a very thick steel plate with a square shape (4 m
A support 10 made of a steel pipe with a circular cross section is installed at the four corners of the upper surface of the weight plate 9 formed in a size 4 m), and a weight box 12 is stored in a storage space formed by stretching a steel side plate 11 around the outer periphery of the support 10. The height is 7m.

The weight box 12 is filled with scrap iron, iron sand, etc.
Put 4 pieces into the storage cavity from the top opening and stack them.
It is closed by a cover plate 13.

The weight of the weight body 3 can be adjusted, for example, within a range of 20 to 60 tons by adjusting the weight or the number of weight boxes 12 stored.

Reference numerals 14 and 14 designate a pair of pulleys provided at the center of the upper surface of the cover plate 13, through which wire ropes 15 and 15 are hung to suspend the weight body 3 by a crane 16.

The movable frame body 5 is attached to the four corners of a floating tank 17 made of a steel plate and having a square (3.7 m x 3.7 m) flat box shape with the same size as the upper surface of the weight body 3. Four pillars 18 with a length of 8 m made of steel pipes with a slightly smaller diameter than
The upper end portions of the floating tank 17 are inserted and fixed, and each upper end opening is opened to the upper surface of the floating tank 11°, and a circular window hole 19 is provided in the center of the floating tank 17 through which the wire rope 15 is inserted. A plurality of water holes 20 penetrating inside and outside are formed at required intervals on the circumferential surface of each support column 18.

The movable frame 5 has each of the columns 18 slidably inserted into the column 10 of the weight body 3 from its upper end opening, and the floating tank 17 is mounted on the upper end of the weight body 3. It is movable from a lower position (FIG. 2) to an upper position (FIG. 1) in which about two-thirds of the length of each pillar 18 projects upward from the pillar 10.

The movable frame body 6 has four columns 22 with a height of 8 m formed of steel pipes having a slightly smaller diameter than the columns 18 of the movable frame body 5 at the four corners of a floating tank 21 having the same shape as the floating tank 17. The upper end portions of the support columns 20 are inserted and fixed, and the upper end openings are opened on the upper surface of the floating tank 21, and a circular window hole 23 is formed in the center of the floating tank 21. A water passage hole 24 is formed.

The movable frame body 6 has its respective struts 22 slidably inserted into the struts 18 of the movable frame body 5 from the upper end opening, and the floating tank 21 is mounted on the floating tank 17. the lower position (Fig. 2), and the upper position (Fig. 1), in which approximately 2/3 of the length of each support 22 protrudes upward from the support 18.
It allows for displacement.

The movable frame body 7 has four pillars 26 of 8 m in height formed from steel pipes with a slightly smaller diameter than the pillars 22 of the movable frame body 6 at the four corners of a floating tank 25 having the same shape as the floating tank 17. Each upper end portion is inserted and fixed, each upper end opening is opened on the upper surface of this floating tank 25, a circular window hole 27 is formed in the center of the floating tank 25, and a circular window hole 27 is formed on the peripheral surface of each support column 26. A water hole 28 is formed.

The movable frame body 7 slides each support column 26 into each support column 22 of the movable frame body 6 from its upper end opening, and then the floating tank 25 is placed on the floating tank 21. It can be displaced from a lower position (FIG. 2) where it is mounted and an upper position (FIG. 1) where about two-thirds of the length of each column 26 is projected upward from the column 22.

The movable frame body 8 has four columns 30 with a height of 8 m formed of steel pipes with a slightly smaller diameter than the columns 26 of the movable frame body 7 at the four corners of a floating tank 29 having the same shape as the floating tank 17. While inserting and fixing each upper end portion, the floating tank 29
A circular window hole 31 is formed in the center of the support column 300, and a water passage hole 32 is formed in the circumferential surface of each support column 300.

The movable frame body 8 has each support column 30 slidably inserted into each support column 26 of the movable frame body 7 from its upper end opening, and the floating tank 29 is mounted on the floating tank 25. It is movable from a lower position (FIG. 2) in which the support is mounted, and an upper position (FIG. 1) in which approximately two-thirds of the length of each support 30 is projected upward from the support 26.

Therefore, when the movable frames 5 to 8 are underwater, they are individually and automatically displaced to the upper position by the buoyancy of the floating tanks 17, 2L25, 29, and each of the movable frames 5 to 8 Each movable frame body 5 to 8 is locked in this position by a locking mechanism 33 provided in the body, and when taken out of the water, each movable frame body 5 to 8 is automatically displaced to the lower position by its own weight.

Furthermore, it is sufficient that each of the floating tanks 17, 2L25, 29 has the necessary buoyancy to maintain each of the movable frames 5 to 8 in the upper position, and the extra buoyancy causes the weight of the weight 3 to be increased. This setting is made so that there is no reduction in the

Since each of the locking mechanisms 33 described above has the same configuration, the locking mechanism 33 of the movable frame 6 shown in FIG. 4 will be explained as follows.
A circular steel locking plate 34 (only one support is shown) is fixed to the lower end of each support 22, and the plate 34 is made of steel and has a water hole in the center. 35, and a plurality of locking protrusions 36 made of steel and formed in an arc shape are arranged and fixed in an annular manner at intervals for water passage to each other on the inner circumferential surface of the support column 18.

When the locking plate 34 engages with the locking protrusion 36, I) the vertical movement frame 6 is restricted from upward movement and is locked in the upper position.

Further, on the inner circumferential surface of the upper end opening of each of the pillars 10, 18, 22, and 26, a plurality of guide protrusions 37 (partially shown in FIG. 4) formed in an arc shape from steel are provided for mutual water flow. The pillars 1 8 , 22 ,
The outer peripheral surfaces of 26 and 30 are brought into sliding contact.

Reference numeral 38 denotes a support frame established on the floating tank 29 of the uppermost movable frame 8, and 4
Braces 40 also made of shaped steel are arranged and fixed between the pillars 39 (height 5 m) made of shaped steel to form a square tower shape.

A horizontal ruler plate 41 made of steel plate and having the same shape as the weight plate 9 is mounted on the upper end of each support column 39 of the support frame 38 in parallel with the weight plate 9, and at the center of the horizontal ruler plate 41. Four window holes 42 are formed through which the wire rope 15 is inserted, and a pair of guide rollers 44 and 44 having recesses 43 and 43 formed in the central circumferential surface are mounted in each window hole 42 and are opposed to each other. The wire rope 15 is inserted into the space between the four parts 43, 43.

Reference numeral 45 denotes a scale scale attached to the outer surface of the corner portion of each support column 39 of the support frame 38, which is used when each movable frame body 5 to 8 is locked in the upper position and the horizontal ruler plate is moved from the lower surface of the weight plate 9. When the height up to 41 is 32 m, the height in the range of 27 m to 32 m from the bottom surface of the weight plate 9 is displayed on a scale in ICTL units.

Thus, the weight 2 is connected to the two wire ropes 15.
, 15, the wire rope 15.15 let out from the crane 16 is passed through the guide rollers 44, 44, and the floating tanks 17, 21, 25,
29 through the window holes 19, 23, 27, 31 and hung around the pulley 14.14;
, 27, and 31, fold it back, and pass through the remaining guide rollers 44 and 44 to fix each tip to the hanging tool 46 (FIG. 6) of the crane 16.

Then, the weight 2 is lifted by pulling the wire ropes is, is, and the wire ropes 15, 15 are let out above the underwater rubble foundation 1, so that the weight body 3 reaches the top as shown in FIG. The movable frame bodies 5 to 8 are displaced to the upper position by the buoyant force of the floating tanks 17, 21, 25, and 29, and are locked in this position, so that the weight 2 stands at the top. be.

In this case, the wire ropes 15, 15 connect the weight body 3 to the pulley 1.
4, 14, and for the turret 4, the guide roller 44 and each window hole 1 of the floating tanks 17, 21, 25, 29.
9, 23, 27, and 31, the weight load of the weight body 3 is not applied to the tower 4 when the weight 2 is suspended.

Therefore, the turret 4 only needs to have a structure that has enough strength to support the horizontal ruler plate 41 and the scale scale 45 in a predetermined state, and can therefore be constructed as lightweight as possible.

Further, FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the weight of the present invention, in which the weight 41 connects the lower ends of four wire ropes 48, whose upper ends are gathered to a crane (not shown), to the lid of the weight body 49. Board 50
It is hung on hanging tools 51 provided at the four corners of the upper surface, and the middle portion thereof is provided at the same four corners of the window holes 57 formed at the four corners of each floating tank 53 to 56 of the turret 52 and the horizontal ruler plate 58. The structure is different from that of the weight 2 in that it is guided through a guide roller 59, but the other structures and functions are the same.

Next, the construction method of the present invention, which is carried out by directly using the weight 2 having the above structure, will be explained.

First, the top of the underwater rubble foundation 1 is formed in advance to be slightly higher than the planned height, and when a weight 2 is lowered onto the top surface using the crane 16 of a crane ship (not shown), as shown in Fig. 6. Floating tanks 17, 2L 25, 29 are underwater,
Due to the buoyancy, each of the movable frames 5 to 8 is displaced to the upper position and locked in this position, and the turret 4 is extended to a predetermined length, and the upper portion of the scale 45 protrudes above the water from approximately the center.

Since the weight 2 is tilted according to the unevenness of the top surface, the unevenness of the top is detected based on the degree of inclination using the horizontal ruler plate 41 as a reference, and the weight 2 is lifted 1 to 2 meters accordingly. It is dropped, the weight plate 9 collides with the top to measure the pressure, and thereafter the above-mentioned detection and plate pressure are repeated as appropriate to roughly level the top.

During this filling, the wire rope 15 is guided through the guide roller 44 of the horizontal ruler plate 41 at the upper end of the turret 4 and is tensioned evenly, so that the turret 4 can be kept upright without being inadvertently tilted. Can be maintained.

After completing the rough leveling, the surveyor lowers the weight 2 onto the top surface and measures the scale of the scale 45 using a surveying instrument 59 installed at a fixed point, such as the existing caisson 58, to determine the top height. The system measures this and notifies the operator of the crane ship using a transceiver, etc., and then adjusts the lowering height of the weight 2 while further applying pressure until the top reaches the planned height. be.

In addition, when the weight 2 is not in use, if it is lifted onto the existing caisson or crane ship, each movable frame body 5 to 8 will automatically shift to the lower position under its own weight and the turret 4 will be shortened.
can be placed at about half the height when in use.

Note that the above-mentioned turret and weight plate are not limited to the above-mentioned shapes, and may be formed, for example, in a circular shape, and the scale scale may be displayed directly on a required part of the support frame, instead of being formed separately from the support frame.

In addition, the turret 4 has a height of 32 m and can be expanded and contracted in 4 stages.
Although the weight of the weight body 3 is 20 to 60 tons and the weight plate is 16 m2, the height of the turret 4, the number of extension stages, the weight of the weight body, the size of the weight plate, etc. are not limited to these. It should be set appropriately by taking into consideration the water depth of the rubble foundation, the width of the top surface, the capacity of the crane ship, etc.

As is clear from the above, according to the construction method of the present invention, all operations can be performed on the water and mechanically leveling the furrows. Compared to the conventional method, the foundation leveling can be carried out with extremely good workability, efficiency, and safety.

In addition, since height measurement and yoke pressure can be performed simultaneously and mechanically on the water, leveling work can be carried out accurately even when the area to be leveled is large, the waves are high, and the water is heavily polluted. It is effective.

Furthermore, according to the weight of the present invention, by directly suspending the weight body from the wire rope of the crane, the weight of the weight body is not applied to the tower at all, so the tower can support the scale scale in a measurable state. As long as it has a strong structure, it can be made as light as possible and as high as possible, so it is easy to flatten the top of the underwater rubble foundation at a deep water depth of about 30 m as in the above example.
It can be carried out reliably.

In addition, by reducing the weight of the turret, the relative weight of the weight body increases and the center of gravity is lowered, and by making the turret telescopic and shortening it when not in use, the height of the weight can be reduced. As shown in the example, the weight can be reduced to about half of what it is when in use, so when this weight is erected on a crane ship, existing caisson, etc., it is stable and does not fall down carelessly. It is highly safe.

Furthermore, the weight body is suspended by a wire rope, and the wire rope is inserted through the upper end of the turret to support the upper end, so the turret can be hung vertically without accidentally tilting it. can do.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the weight according to the present invention. Figure 1 is a front view showing the turret in an extended state, and Figure 2 is a front view showing the turret in a shortened state with a part of the side plate cut away. 3 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of the horizontal ruler plate and scale scale, FIG. 4 is a front view of the main part with a part of the movable frame cut away, and FIG. 5 is the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the weight with the tower shortened and a part of the side plate and support column cut away. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the construction method of the present invention in which the weight shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is directly used. 15,48...wire rope, 3,49...
... Plumb, 4,52 ... Tower, 1 ...
・Underwater rubble foundation, 45... Scale scale.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A scale scale running in the height direction of the tower with the bottom of the weight as a base point is provided on the upper part of the telescopic tower established on the weight, and a wire is suspended by a crane. A rope is inserted into the upper end of the turret, and a weight with the wire rope connected to the weight body is used to extend the turret onto the top surface of an underwater rubble foundation whose top surface is formed slightly higher than the planned height. The height of the crest was measured using the scale scale of the turret and a surveying instrument installed at a fixed point such as an existing caisson, and the crest was then leveled to the planned height. This is a method of leveling under water rubble foundations that is characterized by smoothing. 2. A scale scale is provided on the upper part of the telescopic turret installed on the weight body, and the scale scale runs in the height direction of the turret with the bottom of the weight body as a starting point, and a wire rope suspended from a crane is attached to the turret. A weight for leveling road pressure, characterized in that the wire rope is inserted into the upper end of the weight body, and the wire rope is connected to the weight body.