JPS6014640B2 - Method and apparatus for producing sludge particles covered with a coating material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a method of coating and processing sludge generated from human waste, livestock manure, sewage, discharge, waste, etc. at sewage treatment plants, construction sites, rivers, etc. to eliminate the odor of sardines, which have high fertilizer value. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing sludge particles.

The above-mentioned sludge has a considerable water content (generally 70-90%) and is fluid, so it is difficult to transport, and the sludge also emits a bad odor, causing a pollution problem. In order to
It is thought that water-absorbing substances such as rice husk and powdered charcoal may be added. However, these conventional methods mix the above-mentioned sludge and water-absorbing substances, so the amount of water-absorbing substances increases, and after treatment, sludge appears on the surface of the sludge, making it impossible to completely eliminate the odor. I can't cut it off,
Furthermore, even if a small amount of the water-absorbing material is cut into sludge of a predetermined size, the sludge sticks to each other while being transported, resulting in large clumps that cannot be granulated. In order to prevent this, the sludge is stirred in advance to reduce the amount of water in the sludge and some of the water evaporates.
If the sludge is heated to dry it a little, a separate device is installed to reduce the water content, which makes the process bulky and uneconomical. Furthermore, as mentioned above, if the amount of water-absorbing substances is large, the amount of sludge will be reduced accordingly, and the effect as a fertilizer will be reduced. The present invention aims to form sludge particles by coating the entire sludge surface with a water-absorbing coating material so that the coating material hardly gets mixed into the sludge. It is possible to completely prevent the bad odor and make it easy to handle.
Moreover, the amount of sludge is increased so that it can be effectively used as organic fertilizer.

In the following description, a sludge furnace is introduced into a sludge chamber 2 having a substantially U-shaped cross section through an input port 3, and is filtrated by a clarifier 4 in the sludge chamber and sent to a discharge port 5.

The sludge enters the conveyor through the inlet 7 of the first paddle-screw conveyor 6, which fits into the outlet. The sludge is conveyed by the blades 8 of the conveyor and cut by one or more rods 101 provided at the rear end of the screw ball 9 of the conveyor. The size of the cut sludge blocks is determined by the spacing between the rods, the rotation speed of the motor 11, the diameter of the conveyor, etc. In the first conveyor, the sludge sending part and the cutting part are integrated, but they may be separate parts.

The first conveyor can be of various types capable of conveying the sludge. For example, in the case of a cut-flight screw conveyor, a bone screw conveyor, etc., the first conveyor can convey the sludge along the entire length of the rut or at the rear end of the sludge. A rod is provided. The sludge cut by the rod falls through a passage 12 intersecting it into a second paddle screw conveyor 13, with a water-absorbing coating 14 on the surface of the sludge next to the sludge. The coating material used is natural zeolite powder, lime powder, wood flour, charcoal, rice husk, or other materials, and is introduced into the coating material chamber 15, which has an approximately U-shaped cross section, from the input port 16. The coating material is then conveyed to the rear end by the conveyor and sent through its outlet 18 by the rope machine 17 in the room to the inlet 20 of a screw conveyor 19 of various types. The cut sludge is sprinkled onto the cut sludge from the upper opening 22 at the rear end of the first conveyor 6, which is approximately divided into two by the shaft of the second conveyor 13. In this case, the weight of the coating material is relative to the amount of sludge. Approximately 20 to 25% is appropriate,
This amount increases or decreases depending on the water content of the sludge.

The amount of coating material can be adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the motor 23, etc. The sludge that has entered the second conveyor 13 is removed by the paddle blades 25 of the screw marrow 24.
It is rolled and transferred by the blades, and is successively divided into smaller pieces by the rods 26 provided between the blades.

At that time, the sludge is rolled by paddle blades, so the coating material inside the conveyor adheres to the periphery of the sludge, and after the sludge is cut with a rod, the coating material adheres to the cut end. These steps are repeated one after another to form granular sludge covered with the coating material. As a result, the sludge with a moisture content of about 80% before treatment becomes a sludge with a moisture content of about 55%, making it easier to handle. The size of the finely divided sludge particles can be changed depending on the rotation speed of the motor 27, the width between the rods, the inner diameter of the conveyor, etc. The sludge particles are formed into a size of about 1 to 3 ribs and can be used as fertilizer.

Nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash, etc. may be used as the coating material, and the amount of the coating material is adjusted in consideration of the quality of the sludge. The blades 8, 25 of the first and second conveyors are partially cut out 28,
29, and has supporting holes 30 and 31 extending from this, which are inserted into holes 32 and 33 formed in the screw shaft so that the angle of the blades can be changed using nuts 34 and 35, etc. installed on.

In the diagram, the width of the blades on the first conveyor is wider than on the second conveyor. The rods 10, 26 are inserted into holes 36, 37 formed in the screw shafts 9, 24 and attached with nuts or the like, or are welded or the like to the screw shafts and extend in the radial direction. When the other end of the rod extends to the other side from the screw shaft, that portion also participates in cutting. If the side of the rod that contacts the sludge is made into an acute angle, has a cutting edge shape, or has a fan-flat shape, it will be easier to cut the rod. If the sludge is hard, make a blade shape as described above or bend the tip of the rod (see Figure 3B). The fly speculators 4, 17 provided in the sludge chamber and the coating material chamber are provided with spiral bodies 40, 41 formed of round rods at a distance from and surrounding the screw balls 38, 39, and between the spiral bodies and the shaft. It has round twills 42 and 43 that connect the sludge, prevents bridging of sludge and coating material in the room, and improves the flow of sludge, etc. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, the sludge is cut by a reciprocating cutting piece 44 provided at the rear end of the first conveyor, and the sludge is divided into small pieces by a crusher 45.

The sludge room, the coating material room, the first and second conveyors, the conveyor for sending the coating material, etc. are built into the frame 46, and the rotation of the hawk agitator in the sludge room and the first conveyor is controlled via a chain belt 47, etc. A chain belt 48 rotates the conveyor for transporting the flywheel and the coating material in the coating material chamber.
This is done by the motor 23 via etc.

When the sludge and coating material are introduced, a footrest 49 is used, and the conveyor for conveying the coating material, the first and second conveyors, etc. are inspected through the inspection port 50.

In the one shown in FIG. 8, the above-mentioned device is attached to a vehicle 51, which can be used to move to a sludge treatment site. 9th
The figure shows a case where the above-mentioned apparatus is installed in a basement 52, and the processed sludge is lifted to the ground by a bucket elevator 53.

The one shown in FIG. 10 is a large one, and the sludge that has been carried is put into a popper 55 below the platform 54 from the car, and is carried into the sludge chamber by a belt conveyor 56.
In this case, the covering material lift 57 is specially raised. In the present invention, as described above, the sludge block is transferred, the entire surface of the sludge block is coated with a water-absorbing coating material, and this is cut, and the coating and cutting are repeated alternately. Therefore, even if the sludge contains a considerable amount of water, it is possible to form coated sludge grains smoothly and easily without the divided sludge pieces sticking together or kneading in the middle, and it is easy to cut. In addition, since there is no need to remove water from the sludge in advance or apply heat to dry it, energy can be saved.
Even small particles can be mass-produced at low cost.

Furthermore, since the sludge is sealed inside by the covering material, there is no odor of the sludge at all, and since a large amount of sludge exists inside the covering material, it can be used as a fertilizer with a high organic content. Furthermore, since the above-mentioned coating material is not mixed into the sludge, the amount of coating material is small, and the amount of coating material can be saved. In the present invention, several types of devices have been manufactured and tested up to this point, and among them is one in which the second conveyor is a screw conveyor and rods are provided at equal intervals on the screw shaft.

However, since this device directly sends out sludge, even if it is cut with a rod, the sludge will stick together immediately, and as shown in Figures 11A to 11C, the sludge will stick to the cut. As this process was repeated, more coating material entered the sludge, creating a situation where the sludge and the coating material competed with each other. This condition is referred to as coating material contamination here. When a large amount of the coating material is mixed into the sludge in this way, the water content in the sludge decreases and ventilation to the sludge becomes poor, resulting in almost no fermentation or a decrease in the degree of fermentation.
In contrast, in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C, the cut sludge is rolled out individually by paddle blades, so the coating material adheres to the cut surfaces. These cuts and the adhesion of the coating material to the cut surfaces are repeated to form sludge particles. The state in which the cut sludge is rolled on the conveyor by the paddle blades is referred to as transfer. In this case, the coating material adheres to the surface of the sludge, and almost no coating material is mixed into the sludge, so the sludge has sufficient moisture for fermentation, and ventilation is carried out from the outside through the coating material. is carried out sufficiently, so fermentation is easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram, FIG. 2A is an enlarged sectional view showing the state in which the coating material is attached to the surface of sludge, and FIG. 2B is the sludge divided. The enlarged cross-sectional view shown in Fig. 2C is the processed one. Enlarged cross-sectional view of sludge, No. 3
Figure A is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the installation state of the sludge sending blade and the rod that cuts the sludge, Figure 3 B is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the rod, and Figure 4 A is the covering material. Fig. 4B is an enlarged sectional view of the sludge chamber, Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another example, Fig. 6 is a front view, Fig. 7 is a side view, Figures 8 to 10 show other examples; Figure 8 is a front view;
Figure 9 is a sectional view, Figure 10 is a partially cutaway front view, and Figure 1 is a partially cutaway front view.
Figures 1A to 11C show the state in which sludge is treated using a prototype screw conveyor equipped with a rod as the second conveyor. An enlarged cross-sectional view showing the divided state;
FIG. 11B is an enlarged sectional view showing a state in which the divided sludge immediately sticks together, and FIG. 11C is an enlarged sectional view showing the state of the sludge after treatment. Section 1 a Figure 2 (A) Figure 2 (B) Figure 2 c) Figure 3 (A) Figure 3 (B) Figure 4 (A) Figure 4 (B) Figure 5 Group ○ Figure 1 (A) Figure 1 (B) Figure 1 (C) Maiwa Figure Fin 868 ^'〇W Traditional Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Cut sludge into appropriate sizes, apply a water-absorbing coating material to the sludge block, and sequentially roll and transfer the sludge using paddle blades to cover the surface of the sludge block with the coating material. The sludge block is cut with a rod, and a coating material is rolled and adhered to the exposed cut surface to cover almost the entire surface of the sludge block, and the coating and cutting are repeated alternately to gradually reduce the size of the granules. 1. A method for producing sludge granules coated with a coating material, characterized in that the entire surface of the sludge granules is covered with a coating material so that the coating material is hardly mixed into the sludge particles. 2. A conveyor for sending the sludge to the next process, a means for cutting the sludge sent by the conveyor into appropriate sizes, a means for applying a water-absorbing coating material to the cut sludge blocks, and a means for applying the coating material to the cut sludge blocks. Paddle blades that sequentially roll and transfer the sludge block to cover almost the entire surface of the sludge block with a coating material, and rods that extend in the radial direction between the paddle blades and sequentially cut the sludge block into small pieces are provided alternately. The coating of the coating material on the surface of the sludge block with the paddle blade and the cutting with the rod are repeated alternately to cover the entire surface of the granulated sludge block with the coating material, so that almost no coating material is mixed into the sludge block. An apparatus for producing sludge particles coated with a coating material, which is equipped with a paddle screw type conveyor for forming sludge particles.