JPS6015600B2 - Molded soil improvement material and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention utilizes coarse organic matter (
The present invention relates to soil improvement materials mainly consisting of coarse organic matter (hereinafter simply referred to as coarse organic matter) and methods for producing the same.

For more details, as a bush improvement material, mainly coarse organic matter,
A labor-saving soil improvement material consisting mainly of the above, a pH corrector, a phosphate, or a mixture of these with other fertilizing substances, etc., and formed into a rod shape in the presence of a binder, and its production. It is about law. Many problems have been pointed out in the past, mainly in foothill gardens, such as lack of organic matter, acidification of soil pH, and low efficiency of phosphoric acid components, and the current situation is that we are struggling to find countermeasures. be.

Methods that have been tried in the past as soil improvement measures include gunpowder explosion method, mechanical drilling method, and tillage method, but all of these methods damage the roots, require a lot of labor, and It has drawbacks such as difficulty in applying sufficient improving agent.

The present inventors investigated various effective and labor-saving methods to eliminate these drawbacks, and as a result, they decided to form a wide variety of materials, mainly soil conditioners, into rod shapes, and then drive them into the garden and other areas. It has been found that sufficient effects can be exerted by using just one.

The soil improvement material according to the present invention is produced by the following method.

That is, a predetermined product can be obtained by mixing various granular or powdered materials with a binder, filling a mold with a suitable amount of moisture, and pressing the mixture.

The present invention will be explained in more detail as follows.

Various improved materials used in the present invention include cellulose-based coarse organic substances such as wood chips, pulp shoulders, straw and processed products thereof, alkali metal hydroxides, carbonates, silicates, and substances containing these. Alkaline materials (pH corrector), phosphoric acid-containing substances such as superphosphate lime, calcined phosphorous fertilizer, heavy calcined phosphorous fertilizer, soluble phosphorous fertilizer, and one or more of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium as fertilizer substances. Includes mineral and organic slow-release or fast-release fertilizers. These mixtures are thoroughly mixed in advance with a binder such as powdered or granular polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as PVA), starch, paraffin, etc.,
At that time, appropriate moisture, coarse organic matter, alkaline materials,
The above-mentioned mixture containing phosphate as a main component, binder, and water are subjected to pressure treatment under conditions of about 1 to 8% water content.
(In the case of large and low moisture, the moisture derived from the raw material is sufficient, and the raw material should be dried in advance to make it low in moisture.) The degree of pressurization is 2.5 to prevent expansion of coarse organic matter.
It is necessary to apply pressure above t/m, and it is preferable to use a pressure above t/m.

At this time, pressurization is performed using various compressors. Various ratios can be considered for the raw material composition, but in view of the need for strength against driving during fertilization and the gist of the present invention, which aims for easy disintegration after fertilization, the following ratios are preferred: .

That is, a content of about 20 to 40%, preferably 30 to 40%, is good for coarse organic matter, and this effect is important in imparting elasticity to the product and facilitating rod-shaped molding.

For alkaline materials, use of about 8 to 20% is sufficient.

Regarding the phosphoric acid content as a fertilizer component, it is considered that it is better to have it as high as possible from the viewpoint of fertilizing effect, but from the viewpoint of the above-mentioned molding capacity and strength, about 20 to 40% is appropriate. Furthermore, the binder is important from the viewpoints of moldability, soil disintegration ability, and strength, and about 5 to 10% is good.

As other ingredients, it is possible to mix in fertility/fertility fertilizers and other ingredients, which are effective in a range of 10 to 20%.

When the present inventors conducted various studies on these matters, the following facts were recognized.

In other words, if organic substances are not added, sufficient strength can be obtained even without the coexistence of a binder, but if organic substances are added, a binder is required to prevent collapse of the surrounding corners and to improve the mixability of raw materials. existence is necessary.

However, in this case, it is desirable that the binder be in powder form, but it may also be in the form of a liquid that can be sprayed out, and this is important from the perspective of the relationship with moisture, which will be described later.

If there is too much water, water leaches out during pressurization, and workability is extremely reduced, especially when a binder is used.

Furthermore, a lack of moisture is also undesirable, since the effect of the binder will not be fully exhibited. The form of the organic substance to be added requires the presence of a coarse organic substance, and if it is in powder form, it will be difficult to mold. Coarse organic matter such as wood chips, pulp shoulders, etc. can provide a sufficient binding effect, and by adding an appropriate amount, a product with high strength can be obtained, and wood chips are particularly desirable.

Regarding phosphates, those that have a light specific gravity and are easily granulated have good mixability and moldability, and heavy calcined phosphorous fertilizer, superphosphate lime, dissolved phosphorous fertilizer, etc. are good.

Regarding alkaline materials, those that have a light specific gravity and are easily granulated are suitable as additives.

The same can be said of other additives.

The characteristics of the product obtained by the present invention are as follows. This product does not mainly contain nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash, etc. as has been proposed in the past, but instead contains coarse organic matter (soil improvement), alkaline materials (book straightening), phosphates, etc.
As a substance, it has considerable strength (can be driven), but when applied to soil, it absorbs moisture, swells and disintegrates due to the influence of soil moisture, and its effects are quickly exerted.

Furthermore, the coarse organic matter itself, which is the main component of this product, has a binding effect, and by using PVA, starch, paraffin, etc. as a binder, a stable product can be obtained.

In addition, by pressurizing the coarse organic matter, the volume is compressed to about 1/4 to 1/5 of that in a non-pressurized state, making handling easier.

Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to examples, but these are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1 A molding frame measuring 30 mm long, 3 mm wide, and 15 mm high was used, and raw materials such as melted phosphorous fertilizer, heavy calcined phosphorous fertilizer, wood chips, and Macpolon (trade name: Ca028. 6%, M
(alkaline material containing 37.3% g0), CDU (trade name; twill-acting nitrogenous fertilizer containing 31.0% N content)
, PVA, and water were filled and molded by applying round/ground pressure.

The composition of the mixture and the product materials are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from the results, higher strength products were obtained with the addition of binder and proper moisture content. Shame on the outside. 4 is a result under high moisture conditions; too much moisture results in poor molding. Also, No. 1 and no. No. 5 is a case in which no binder is added, and the physical properties of the product are inferior to those in other cases. In addition, all strength measurements were performed using a universal testing machine.

Table 1 (Note) Example 2 where some moisture is included in the raw materials
Using the same molding frame as in Example 1, a mixture of superphosphate lime, pulp waste, carbonate lime, and starch was filled as raw materials under conditions such that the moisture content was approximately 5% of the total, and the mixture was 2.5 tons/ground. It was molded under pressure.

For comparison, a mixture containing no starch was molded in the same manner. The composition of the mixture and the physical properties of the product were as shown in Table 2.

It is clear from the results that the addition of starch as a binder increases the strength of the product.

Example 3 Using the molding frame shown in Example 1, 45.8% of Dong Xiao Phosphorus and 22% of wood chips were added as raw materials. $wt%, Magpolon 8. base weight%, CDU13.0 weight%, PVA5.1 weight%,
Filled with a mixture consisting of 3.6% water, 1 to 3 tons/
It was molded using the pressure of the earth.

Table 3 shows the physical properties of the products depending on the molding pressure.

Table 2 (Note) Moisture is included in the raw materials.

As is clear from Table 3, when the molding pressure is 2.0 tons/unit and the molding pressure is 30, a product with fairly good physical properties can be obtained.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A mixture whose main components are coarse organic matter, alkaline materials, phosphates, etc. that decompose in the soil, under a pressure of 2.5 ton/cm^2 or more in the presence of a binder and moisture. A soil improvement material obtained by pressure molding a mixture, a binder, and water at a moisture content of 1 to 8%. 2. A soil improvement material according to claim 1, which uses wood chips and pulp chips as coarse organic matter that decomposes in the soil. 3. A soil improvement material according to claim 1, which uses polyvinyl alcohol and lees as a binder. 4. The soil improvement material according to claim 1, which uses heavy calcined phosphorous fertilizer, superphosphate lime, and dissolved phosphorous fertilizer as phosphates. 5. A soil improvement material according to claim 1, which uses alkaline earth metal hydroxides, substances containing them, and carbonated lime as alkaline materials. 6 In claim 1 or 2, coarse organic matter is
~40% soil improvement material used. 7. A soil improvement material containing 8 to 20% of an alkali material according to claim 1 or 5. 8 In claim 1 or 3, the binder is 5 to 10
% soil improvement materials used. 9. A mixture whose main components are coarse organic matter that decomposes in the soil, alkaline materials, phosphates, fertilizing substances, etc. in the presence of a binder and moisture at a pressure of 2.5 ton/cm^2 or more, Moisture range 1-8% for binder and water
A soil improvement material made by pressure molding. 10. The soil improvement material according to claim 9, which uses a slow-release fertilizer as a fertilizing substance. 11 A mixture whose main components are coarse organic matter that decomposes in the soil, alkaline materials, phosphates, etc. is heated at a pressure of 2.5 ton/cm^2 or more in the presence of a binder and moisture. A method for producing a soil improvement material, which comprises pressurizing the water to a moisture content of 1 to 8%. 12. A method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 11, which uses wood chips and pulp chips as coarse organic matter that decomposes in the soil. 13. A method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 11, using polyvinyl alcohol and lees as a binder. 14. A method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 11, which uses heavy calcined phosphorous fertilizer, superphosphate lime, and dissolved phosphorous fertilizer as phosphates. 15. A method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 11, which uses an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, a substance containing the same, and carbonate lime as the alkaline material.