JPS6038359B2 - coated solid fertilizer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a coated solid fertilizer coated with organic substances such as oil cake, disaccharides, humic acid, or salts thereof.

Various coated solid fertilizers have been proposed in which a synthetic resin solution is used to form a coating of the resin liquid on the surface of the chemical fertilizer, thereby suppressing the elution of fertilizer components and achieving slow release.

These known coated fertilizers are coated fertilizers that have a synthetic resin coating formed on the surface of chemical fertilizer granules. Addition of organic matter is required. In this way, organic matter is necessary for physically improving soil quality and preserving soil quality, and organic farming has recently been strongly advocated. This invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned circumstances with the aim of providing a coated solid fertilizer that improves the shortcomings of conventional coated fertilizers.

Solid fertilizers in which the surface of granules of soluble chemical fertilizers are coated with water-soluble phenolic resin are already known.

In particular, a coated solid fertilizer coated with a film-forming composition comprising a water-soluble phenol resin, an organic acid with a dissociation constant of 2xlo-4 or less, and a fine powder extender described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-42167 has a coating formation time of It has the advantage of being short and allowing fertilizer components to be delivered uniformly over a long period of time. Since this coated solid fertilizer does not contain organic matter, it requires the combined use of animal fertilizer and vegetable fertilizer. This invention focuses on a coated solid fertilizer in which a fertilizer body is coated with a conventional film-forming composition containing a water-soluble phenolic resin as a main component, and provides a solid fertilizer in which the surface of the solid fertilizer is coated with oil oak. It's about doing.

The coated solid fertilizer of the present invention is produced by coating granules of soluble chemical fertilizer with a film-forming composition containing a water-soluble phenolic resin as a main component described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-42167. Obtained by granulating oil cake on the surface with an aqueous solution of a soluble organic binder such as a natural sizing agent (e.g. starch) or an artificial sizing agent (e.g. C.M.C.) using a rolling granulator. .

In addition, in the case of coating with oil cake, the coated solid fertilizer may be sprayed with an aqueous solution of the organic binder, and the surface thereof may be wetted and sprinkled. The reason why oil cake is used in this invention is that it is inexpensive, easily available, and easy to granulate.
The coated solid fertilizer of the present invention is prepared by mixing a soluble chemical fertilizer with one or more of disaccharides, humic acids, or salts thereof and granulating the mixture, and then applying the coated solid fertilizer to the surface of the granulated material. 421
It can be obtained by coating while spraying a film-forming composition containing a water-soluble phenol resin as a main component as described in Japanese Patent No. 67.

The organic substances used in this invention, such as bran, humic acid, or their salts, function as a physical improvement for soil;
In particular, disaccharides can prevent urea damage in citrus plants (a problem in which leaves yellow and fall due to urea fertilization), and can also prevent root rot in hydroponic cultivation.

Also, if you put a coated solid fertilizer containing bran in the cut flower tank, the flowers will last longer. Similarly, the quality of fresh flowers also improves. In this way, cut flowers last longer (at Hanai,
It is not clear why the weather lasts for about 5 to 10 days in the summer. Furthermore, coated solid fertilizers containing humic acid or its salts can play a role in soil improvement, so when used for pot shields, root rot is reduced and plant growth is improved. In this way, the coated solid fertilizer of the present invention can be used depending on the purpose of use, such as the type of organic substance used and its blending ratio.
Adjust the amount of coverage.

Next, test examples of this invention will be shown.

Test Example 1 The surface of a composite solid fertilizer (inside 5) of N2: 12%, P2Q: 12%, K20: 12% was coated with water lagoon phenolic resin 1.
0 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight of talc, 0.2 parts by weight of acetic acid
(wt) parts of a film-forming composition (average 0.4 parts by weight)
100 parts (by weight) of solid coated fertilizer (8 skin thickness) and 50 parts (by weight) of oil cake were fed into a dish-type rotary granulator, and a 5% CMC aqueous solution was added as a binder. , the surface of the solid coated fertilizer was coated with oil cake.

The yield of the oil cake-coated solid fertilizer thus obtained was 88%, and the thickness of the oil cake layer was about 1 willow on average. When this fertilizer was soaked in water, the oil cake swelled.

In addition, the elution rate of NH3-N as a fertilizer component (water temperature 20q
o) was as shown in the following table. 1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 5.2% 20.5% 43.3% 50.1%Furthermore,
An example of the results of a Wagner pot test on the solid fertilizer of the present invention is shown.

[1] Test method Soil: Volcanic ash soil 1/5000 R Timeless radish 3 sowing m] Test results Fertilization 4/21 Sowing 4'27 Survey 5/26 [m] Discussion The plants in the area fertilized with the fertilizer of the present invention showed no growth. The plants had good growth, the leaves were dark in color, and both plant height and air-dried weight exceeded those in the area fertilized with advanced chemical fertilizer.

Test example 2 13 parts (by weight) of urea, 17 (by weight) potassium sulfate
50 parts (by weight) of lime superphosphate, and further add 2 parts of bear sugar.
Add 0 parts (by weight), mix uniformly, and place in a dish-type rotary granulator (
Binder CM. C. 5% aqueous solution).

The average particle size of the obtained granules was 6 mm. Furthermore, this material is processed into a water-soluble phenol resin (
To 10 parts (by weight) of water-soluble phenol, 2 parts of talc (
While dropping 0.2 parts (by weight) and 0.2 parts (by weight) of acetic acid,
After forming a resin film on the surface of the granulated fertilizer body, this product was cured at 120 qo (60 minutes). The average waist thickness was 0.56 willows. This fertilizer component (NH3-N
) The lacquer release rate (20 qo) was as shown in the following table. 1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 3.4% 4.5% 16.8% 20.7% This fertilizer was applied to a mandarin orange field, but urea damage was significantly less.

Test Example 3 5 parts of potassium chloride per 100 parts (by weight) of brown sugar
0 part (by weight) was added to form granules (particle size: 8 particles), and the resulting product was coated with a film-forming composition containing a water-soluble phenol resin as a main component according to Example 2.

The average thickness of the coating was 0.32 mm. This fertilizer ingredient (
The elution rate (20oo) of NH2-N) was as shown in the following table. 1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 37.3% 57.7% 74.6% 80.9% The film thickness of the film-forming composition whose main component is water-soluble phenolic resin is the elution rate of fertilizer components. affected.

In Test Example 1 above, a solid fertilizer (comparative fertilizer) in which the surface of the fertilizer body was coated with a film-forming composition containing a water-soluble phenolic resin as a main component, and a fertilizer of the present invention obtained in Test Example 1 [B ) and the fertilizer [C} of the present invention obtained in Test Example 2, a growth test of Tokinashi radish (spring crop) was conducted. 'i}
Test method (Test location: Fuchu City, Tokyo) 1/5000 are Wagner pot, soil: volcanic ash soil, fertilization 4/1
5. Sowing 4/25 (30 seeds per pot), Survey 5
/24 test results are shown in the table below.

Test result table tiii Discussion As the above results show, the fertilizer application area of the present invention [TSUKADA, {
C) Tsukihabuto fertilization plot] showed better plant height and air-dried weight than the wind fertilizer fertilization plot, and showed good growth.

This can be said to be due to the fact that oil cake and brown sugar (which have inferior surface coverage compared to oil paper addition) play a role as a physical function of the soil. Test Example 4 15 parts (by weight) of urea, 15 parts (by weight) of potassium sulfate, 45 parts (by weight) of lime superphosphate, and 25 parts (by weight) of humic acid were uniformly mixed in a mixer, and plate-shaped rotary granulation was performed. into the machine, C. M.
C. The particles were granulated with an average particle size of 6 using a 5% aqueous solution as a binder.

The obtained granulated fertilizer body was transferred to a rotating drum type granulator, and the surface of the granulated fertilizer body was rolled while dropping a film-forming composition containing a water-soluble phenolic resin as a main component as shown in Test 2. After coating with the resin, the coating was cured by heating (120°C for 6 minutes). The film was yellow in color, and the film thickness was on the 0.52 side (average hardness x of the obtained coated solid fertilizer 3). Elution amount of NH3-N from this coated solid fertilizer (200C
) were as shown in the table below. 1st week 2nd week 3rd week
4th week 3.3% 4.7% 17.4% 21.
1% Six coated solid fertilizers according to the present invention were randomly placed in clay (Shiyang water pFI) in a No. 5 clay pot, covered with a glass plate, and heated indoors (15±3℃, humidity 60±5%) for 4 hours. When left for a week, pFI. It was 9.

This seems to be because the aggregate structure was improved. Test Example 5 14 (by weight) parts of urea, 15 (by weight) parts of potassium chloride, 45 (by weight) parts of lime superphosphate, and 26 (by weight) parts of ammonium humate were mixed uniformly in a mixer, and this mixture was used in Test Example. 4
The fertilizer was granulated in the same manner as above to have an average particle size of 6, and a water-soluble phenol resin film was formed on the surface of the granulated fertilizer according to Test Example 2 to produce a coated solid fertilizer.

The thickness of the coating film of the obtained coated solid fertilizer was on the 0.55 side (average value of 2 times the hardness).The NH3-N elution amount (2000) of this fertilizer was as follows. 1st week 2nd week
3rd week 4th week 3.0% 4.1% 17.2% 20.9
% The coated solid fertilizer according to the present invention contains the organic substance described in the present invention, and can suppress the elution of fertilizer components to make it effective for ripening, so that it has the effect of improving the growth of useful plants.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A coated solid fertilizer obtained by coating oil cake on the surface of a molded fertilizer obtained by coating a soluble chemical fertilizer with a film-forming composition containing a water-soluble phenolic resin as a main component. 2. A coated solid fertilizer obtained by coating a granulated mixture of a soluble chemical fertilizer and one or more disaccharides, humic acids, or salts thereof with a film-forming composition containing a water-soluble phenolic resin as a main component.