JPS603936B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machine tool, and more particularly to a machine tool that can perform drilling and turning on two orthogonal planes of a workpiece.

This type of machine tool includes, for example, a rotary table a having a clamping function, as disclosed in Tsubaki Sekisho 51-103-1 Publication No. 1, which was distributed after the application of the present invention (see Fig. 1). and a column c that slides in the horizontal direction (Y direction) on the sliding surface of the bed b, the column c
A saddle e that slides in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the column c is provided on a cross rail d provided in the column c, and the saddle e
A ram f that moves up and down along a vertical sliding groove is provided,
At the tip of the ram f, a turret head g which has a turning tool mounting surface and a rotating main shaft for a rotary tool on two surfaces intersecting at right angles on the circumferential surface and which can be indexed and fixed is mounted opposite to the rotary table a. When installing and turning, use the turret head g.
It has been proposed that a turning tool is attached to the turning tool mounting surface to perform the turning process, and during drilling, a rotating tool is attached to the rotating spindle for the rotating tool in the turret head g to perform the drilling process. In machine tools related to faces, since the turning tool is attached to an indexable turret head g, that is, a movable turret head g, the rigidity as a support for the turning tool is inevitably weak, making it difficult to perform heavy cutting. In addition, the cutting reaction force during turning, which is extremely large compared to drilling with a rotary tool, is applied entirely to the turret head g, causing the turret head g to bend and deform. This makes the turret head g inoperable, or at least impairs the machining accuracy.In order to prevent such deformation of the turret head g, the turret head g must be made larger than necessary. This inevitably increases the size of the entire machine, which has the disadvantage of being wasteful and expensive.

The present invention was devised in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible not only to perform drilling and turning on two orthogonal end faces of a workpiece on a table, but also to achieve high precision in both drilling and turning. The object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool with a long life that can sufficiently withstand the cutting reaction force during turning, which is much larger than that during drilling.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a machine base, and a pair of left and right supports 2, 2 are erected on one side in the longitudinal direction of the machine base 1.

At the upper ends of this pair of left and right columns 2, 2, there is a cross rail 3.
A moving body 4 is constructed along the cross rail 3.
is provided so as to be movable laterally. The movable body 4 is provided with a ram 5 that can be moved up and down, and a direct turning tool 6 is detachably attached to the lower part of the ram 5 in a manner that will be described later. A rotary head 8 is rotatably provided to which a rotary tool 7 such as a rotary tool 7 can be detachably attached.

Further, a holder 10 is provided on the upper surface of the machine base 1, and supports the table 9 in a rotatable manner.
It is possible to reciprocate along the machine base 1 from a position on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the machine base 1 to a position below the ram 5.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a servo motor for traversing the moving body 4 that moves along the cross rail 3; 12 a servo motor for moving the holding body 10 that reciprocates along the machine base 1;
3 is a rotating motor for the table 9 on the holding body 10;
Reference numeral 14 denotes a servo motor for vertically moving the ram 5, which is provided on the movable body 4.

The attachment state of the turning tool 6 and the rotary head 8, which are each directly attached to the lower part of the ram 5, will be explained based on FIGS. 4 and 5.

As shown in FIG. 4, the rotating head 8 has a support member 8a rotatably fitted into a hole 17 bored in the lower side wall 5a of the ram 5, and is in contact with the lower side wall 5a of the ram 5. A rotating head 8 is rotatably mounted.

A bevel gear 18 is attached to the support member 8a, and the bevel gear 1
8 is in mesh with two bevel gears of a first drive shaft 19 provided in the ram 5, and as the first drive shaft 19 rotates, the rotary head 8 is rotated by 360 degrees via the bevel gears 20 and 18. It is configured to be rotatable. Further, the rotating head 8 is
The rotary tool 7 protruding from the outer periphery of the rotary head 8 is provided with a cylindrical holder 16 into which the rotary tool 7 is inserted and held.
A bevel gear 21 is iron-fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating head 8, and the bevel gear 21 meshes with a bevel gear 22 provided at one end of a support shaft 23 located at the center of rotation of the support member 8a of the rotary head 8.

A bevel gear 26 is provided at the other end of the support shaft 23, and the bevel gear 26 meshes with the bevel gear 25 of the second drive shaft 24 provided in the ram 5, and is connected to the second drive shaft 24. By the rotation of 24, the bevel gears 25, 26, the support shaft 28, the bevel gears 22, 21
The holder 16 is rotated through the holder 6, and the rotary tool 7 held in the holder 6 is rotated.
As shown in FIG. 4, the upper mounting portion of the turning tool 6 is inserted into the mounting hole 27 of the lower wall 5b of the ram 5,
It is configured to be locked by the wedge action of a movable village 29 provided within the ram 5 so as to be reciprocally movable.

As shown in FIG. 5, the reciprocating motion of the moving part 29 is achieved by engaging the lug formed on the moving punch 29 with a pinion 28 provided on three pinion shafts, and rotating the pinion shaft 30. This is especially done. The pinion shaft 3
0, as shown in FIG. The spring 3 is supported rotatably and slidably in the ratchet line direction, and is interposed between the bearing 33 and a spring seat provided at the lower intermediate portion of the pinion shaft 30.
4, the pinion shaft 30
The protruding piece 35 at the lower end protrudes through a hole 86 provided in the lower end wall 5c of the ram 5, and when the turning tool 6 is attached, the lower end face of the protruding piece 35 at the lower part of the pinion shaft 30 is pushed by the end face of the turning tool 6 against the spring 34 to maintain the state shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a spline 37 is provided at the upper part of the pinion shaft 30, and a sleeve 38 is fitted to the spline 37, and the lower end surface of the sleeve 38 and the intermediate portion of the pinion shaft 30 are connected to each other. A spring 40 is interposed between the sleeve 38 and a spring seat provided at the pinion shaft 30, and constantly urges the sleeve 38 upwardly with respect to the pinion shaft 30. A pawl clutch 39 that engages with the lower surface of the bevel gear 25 of the two drive shafts 24
is provided, the turning tool 6 is not attached, and the pinion shaft 30 is biased by the spring 34 in the downward position, even if the sleeve 38 is biased by the spring 4, the pinion shaft Since the three spring seats are located at the bottom, the pawl clutches 39 do not engage with each other and are in a disengaged state, and when the turning tool 6 is attached, the pinion shaft 30 resists the spring 34. When pushed up and in the upper position, the spring seat provided on the pinion shaft 30 is located upward, so the sleeve 38 is biased by the spring 40 and the pawl clutches 39 are configured to mesh with each other. Therefore, when the upper part of the turning tool 6 is fitted into the mounting hole 27 of the lower end wall 5b of the ram 6 and the pinion shaft 30 is pushed up to the upper position by the end face of the turning tool 6, the second Bevel gear 25 of drive shaft 24
and the sleeve 38 are engaged with each other via the pawl clutch 39. Therefore, by driving the second drive shaft 24, the pinion shaft 30 is rotated via the bevel gear 25, the pawl clutch 39, and the sleeve 38. The movable punch 29 meshing with the pinion 28 provided with the pinion shaft 3 is reciprocated, and the wedge action of the movable punch 29 causes the cutting tool 6 to be
The mounting portion of the ram 5 is fixed to the ram 5.

The processing operation of the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is as follows. First, we will discuss machining using a rotating tool.

A workpiece (not shown) attached to the table 9 on the holder 10 is placed on the lower side of the ram 5, the rotary tool 7 is attached to the rotary head 8 provided on the ram 5, and the first drive shaft 19 is The rotary head 8 is rotated through the bevel gears 20 and 18, the rotary tool 7 is indexed to a desired position, for example, a vertical position or a horizontal position, and the second drive shaft 24 is driven to rotate the rotary head 8 through the bevel gears 20 and 18. , 26, support shaft 23, bevel gears 22, 21
and rotating the rotary tool 7 via the holder 16,
The rotary tool 7 is brought to the workpiece by moving the ram 5 up and down or left and right, and any hole such as a vertical hole or a horizontal hole is bored at a desired position in the workpiece. By moving the ram 5, it is possible not only to drill holes in many places on the workpiece without moving it, but also by employing various rotary tools 7, it can be used not only for boring and drilling, but also for drilling along the machine base 1 of the table 9. The movement also enables milling. In addition,
During drilling with the rotary tool, the turning tool 6 is removed from the ram 5, so the pinion gear 30 is in a downward position due to the biasing force of the spring 34, and the pawl clutches 39 are not engaged with each other and are in a disengaged state. Therefore, even if the second drive shaft 24 is driven to rotate, the pinion shaft does not rotate by three degrees.

Next, processing using a turning tool will be described.

As in the case of machining with a rotary tool, a workpiece (not shown) is mounted on the table 9 on the holder 10, and the mounting part of the turning tool 6 is inserted into the mounting hole 27 of the lower end wall 5b of the ram 5 with iron. , the end surface of the turning tool 6 pushes the lower end surface of the protruding piece 35 at the bottom of the pinion shaft 30 to push the pinion shaft 30 upward, and with the pawl clutch 39 engaged, the second drive shaft 24 is driven. The pinion shaft 30 is rotated, the movable body 29 having a rack that meshes with the pinion 28 of the pinion shaft 30 is moved, and the turning tool 6 is fixed by a wedge action. The ram 5 to which the turning tool 6 is directly fixed in this way is moved up and down or left and right, and the turning tool 6 is
After the table 9 is held at a predetermined position relative to the workpiece, the table 9 is rotated or moved back and forth to turn the upper end surface or inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the workpiece. As mentioned above, the machine tool according to the present invention is provided with a table 9 that can be rotated in the machine base 1, and a ram 5 that can be moved vertically, horizontally, and longitudinally relative to the table 9, The ram 5
A rotary head 8 is attached to the lower side wall 5a of the ram 5 so as to be rotatable along the vertical direction, and the rotary head 8 is linked to an indexing section provided in the ram 5, and a rotary tool is attached to the rotary head 8. A holder member for holding the ram 7 and a drive transmission means for rotating the holder section are provided, and a mounting hole for directly mounting the turning tool 6 is provided in the lower end wall 5b of the ram 5. Since a clamp member for a turning tool is provided inside, the rotary tool 7 is attached to the holder member of the rotary head 8, and the rotary head 8 is rotationally indexed along the vertical direction by the indexing member in the ram 5, and rotated. By moving the ram 5 while rotationally driving the tool 7, the rotary tool 7 can be brought to the workpiece and drilling can be performed at a desired position of the workpiece, for example, on two orthogonal end surfaces of the workpiece. A turning tool 6 is directly attached to the lower end wall 5b of the ram 5 using the clamp member, and turning can be performed by moving the ram 5 and the taffle 9 relatively up and down, left and right, or front and back, or by rotating them. By suitably combining the movements and functions of the ram 5, table 9, rotary head 8, rotary tool 7, and turning tool 6, it becomes extremely versatile.

Moreover, the rotary head 8 rotatably attached to the lower side wall 5a of the ram 5 and linked to the indexing member includes:
Only the holder member that holds the rotary tool 7 and the bevel gear 21, which is part of the drive transmission means for rotating the holder member, are fixed to the outer periphery of the holder member 16, and the other transmission means other than the rotary head 8 are fixed. Since the rotary head 8 is housed in the ram 5 and the support village 8a that is fitted in the ram 5, the rotary head 8 has sufficient strength to withstand the cutting reaction force of the rotary tool 7, which has a small cutting force. is sufficient, and not only can the tool be made small and inexpensive, but since only the rotary tool 7 with a small cutting force can be attached, there is less deviation, the life is longer, and the accuracy of drilling is improved.

Further, since a mounting hole for directly mounting the turning tool 6 is provided on the lower end wall 5b of the ram 5, and a clamp member for the turning tool is provided within the ram 5, the cutting force is reduced compared to the cutting force of the rotary tool 7. The turning tool 6, which requires a very large cutting force, is attached directly to the ram 5 via a clamp member, which increases the rigidity during turning, prevents chatter, breakage, etc., and provides higher precision. It can be turned, which increases workability and significantly extends life.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a machine tool proposed before the application of the present invention, Figs. 2 to 5 show embodiments of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view, and Fig. 3 is a side view. , FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the main part, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 4. 1 is the machine base, 5 is the ram, 6 is the turning tool, 7 is the rotary tool, 8
is a rotating head, and 9 is a tabletop. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The machine base 1 is provided with a table 9 that can be driven to rotate, and a ram 5 that can be moved vertically, horizontally, and longitudinally relative to the table 9. A support member 8a protruding from the head 8 is fitted and supported so that the rotary head 8 contacts the lower side wall 5a of the ram 5 and rotates, and the rotary head 8 is supported by the ram 5.
The rotary head 8 has a holder member that removably holds the rotary tool 7 in conjunction with an indexing member provided therein, and a bevel gear 21 fixed to the outer periphery of the holder member is attached to the support member 8a. A mounting hole for directly mounting a turning tool is provided in the lower side wall 5b of the ram 5 so as to mesh with a bevel gear 22 provided at one end of a support shaft 23 located at the center of rotation and linked to a rotational drive shaft within the ram 5. , A machine tool characterized in that a clamp member for a turning tool is provided in the ram 5.