JPS6050683B2 - Bag breaking machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a bag tearing machine for automatically tearing a package such as a plastic bag enclosing non-combustible materials, and more particularly to a bag tearing machine suitable for being incorporated into a garbage sorting facility.

Garbage generated from households and the like is collected roughly into combustible materials such as kitchen garbage and non-combustible materials such as metal glass.

Among these garbage, non-combustible items are packed in plastic bags or other packaging and sent to garbage sorting facilities at garbage treatment plants in order to reuse resources. At this waste sorting facility, packaging is torn, combustible materials contained within the packaging are removed, and noncombustible materials are sorted and collected into iron, glass, etc. Incidentally, the above-mentioned package bursting operation has conventionally been carried out manually. However, there are many packages of non-combustible materials sent to the waste sorting facility, and manually tearing apart these many packages is extremely inefficient. Additionally, workers may be injured by glass shards, nails, etc. during the bursting process, which is dangerous for the workers.Therefore, there has been a strong desire to automate this bursting process. In order to automate the above-mentioned bursting operation, it is conceivable to use a cutting machine having a sawtooth-like blade.

However, in the case of rupture caused by the knife, the wrapping or the string attached to the non-combustible material may get tangled with the knife, often causing the knife to become inoperable and requiring periodic inspection. Furthermore, flammable substances may be mixed in the package, and the frictional heat of the cutlery may cause a fire or explosion. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to automate bag-breaking work in a safe and efficient manner.

The present invention is characterized in that a nonflammable high-pressure liquid is injected from a nozzle toward the conveyance path in order to guide a package containing a nonflammable material along the conveyance path and break the package.
Moreover, the present invention guides a package containing incombustible materials along a conveyance path, and reciprocates a high-pressure liquid jet nozzle directed toward the conveyance path above the conveyance path in the width direction of the conveyance path. It is characterized in that the high-pressure liquid from the nozzle automatically ruptures all the packages that are successively guided along the conveying path. Moreover, the present invention moves the nozzle, which reciprocates in the width direction of the conveyance path, up and down according to the height of the top of the package guided along the conveyance path, thereby causing the nozzle to move between the nozzle and the package. By making the distance from the top part substantially constant, the high-pressure liquid from the nozzle can be effectively applied to the package without waste. The features of the invention will become clearer from the following description of the illustrated embodiments.

1 and 2, a bag tearing machine according to the present invention is shown generally at 10.

The bag tearing machine 10 includes a conveyance path 14 for a package 12 such as a plastic bag containing non-combustible materials, and a high pressure liquid injection nozzle 16. In the illustrated example, the conveyance path 14 is comprised of a belt conveyor made of steel or rubber, which includes a hopper (not shown) into which the collected packages 12 are thrown, and a sorter for classifying non-combustible materials. station(
(not shown), and is driven to guide the packages 12 discharged from the hopper to the sorting station.

In the conveyance path 14, there are four grooves provided on both sides of the conveyance path.
A gate-shaped frame 20 is arranged, which is made up of book pillars 17, 17a, 17b and a pair of beams 18 installed parallel to each other across the conveyance path 14 between the pillars. The beam 1
A pair of rails 22 are provided on the upper surface of the transport path 8 in the longitudinal direction, that is, in the width direction of the conveyance path 14, and on the rails, a truck 24 engages its wheels 26 with the rails 22. It is arranged as follows.

Further, a device 28 for reciprocating the truck 24 along the rail 22 is provided on the upper surface of the beam 18. The device 28 includes a screw member 32 disposed along the rail 22 and rotatably supported via a bracket 30, and a reversible motor 34 for driving and rotating the screw member. It penetrates the carriage 24 and is screwed together.

As shown in FIG. 1, a retractable dust cover 36 for dustproofing is attached to the portion of the screw member 32 exposed from the carriage 24. The motor 34 drives and rotates the screw member 32, thereby moving the cart 24 along the rail 22 in a direction corresponding to the direction of rotation. The rotational direction of the motor 32 is controlled by a pair of limit switches (not shown) provided near both ends of the screw member 32 and engageable with both ends of the truck 24,
As a result, the cart 24 is continuously reciprocated in the width direction of the conveyance path 14. Instead of the reversible motor 34, an irreversible drive motor and a clutch that reversibly transmits the rotational torque of the motor to the screw member 32 may be used. The nozzle 16 is arranged between both beams 18 with its ejection port facing downward, and the nozzle 16 is supported so as to be able to move up and down on the trolley 24 which is reciprocated.

A pair of support columns 17a and 17b located on the hopper side of the frame 20 are equipped with a number of well-known pairs of light emitting lights for detecting the height of the packages 12 guided along the conveyance path 14. A detection mechanism 38 consisting of a receiver 38a and a light receiver 38b is provided.

The light receivers 38b arranged vertically to face the light emitters 38a detect whether or not the light emitted from the light emitters 38a paired with each of the light receivers is blocked by the packaging 12. The sensing sends information regarding the height of the top of the package 12 across the detection mechanism 38 to a control circuit (not shown). The control circuit issues an activation signal to a reversible motor 40 provided on the truck 24 to change the height position of the nozzle 16 based on the information. As a result, the motor moves the nozzle 16 up and down in accordance with the height of the package 12 sent below the nozzle 16 in order to maintain a substantially constant distance between the top of the package and the spout of the nozzle 16. . Ultrasonic waves, lasers, etc. can also be used as the detection mechanism. A pump unit 4 is ejected from the spout of the nozzle 16, which is reciprocated in the width direction of the conveyance path 14 and moved up and down according to the height of the package 12.
The high-pressure water supplied from 2 is continuously injected toward the conveyance path 14 at a constant flow rate of about 1e/Mj.

In order to tear the packaging 12 made of vinyl or the like with this jet of water, the diameter of the spout of the nozzle 16 must be 0.1 to 0.3T.
In the case of 0fL, the discharge pressure needs to be 20k9/d or more, and 2000k is required to ensure rapid bag breaking.
It is desirable to set it to more than g/CTl. In order to improve the convergence of the jet water, a solvent or the like can be added to the jet water. Further, instead of the jet water, a volatile fluid can be jetted from the nozzle, but when used in the above-mentioned garbage sorting facility, the above-mentioned jet water can be used to prevent dust from scattering during the sorting process after bag tearing, which will be described later. As described above, a nonflammable liquid such as water is used to moisten the noncombustible material in the package 12 appropriately, and to cool down flammable substances that accidentally enter the package 12 to prevent them from igniting. It is preferable. In the bag tearing machine 10, the packages 12 discharged from the hopper onto the conveyance path 14 are
while being sequentially guided to the sorting stations along
The package 12 is completely torn by high-pressure water jets from the nozzle 16 reciprocating in the width direction of the conveyance path 14, and is sent to the sorting station in a fully open state.

At the sorting station, combustible materials mixed in the packaging 12 are removed or noncombustible materials in the packaging 12 are separated and sorted. When cutting with the high-pressure water jet from the nozzle 16 that reciprocates in the width direction of the conveyance path 14, the packaging etc. do not get tangled unlike the saw blades described above, and the cutting operation is not forced to be interrupted due to this tangle. Moreover, regardless of the shape of the package, it can be reliably broken over a wide range.

Moreover, unlike the saw teeth, cutting does not generate frictional heat, and this frictional heat does not cause ignition of flammable substances.On the contrary, it actively prevents flammable substances from igniting by cooling them. be able to. Furthermore, since appropriate moisture can be applied during the sorting and sorting of noncombustible materials in the packaging 12, it is possible to prevent dust from being generated during the sorting and sorting. Further, since the nozzle 16 is moved up and down according to the height of the top of the package 12 to maintain a constant distance between the top and the nozzle 16, the high pressure water from the nozzle 16 is transferred to the top of the package 12. This can be effectively used for breaking, and therefore the discharge pressure from the nozzle 16 can be set relatively low. The nozzle 16
can also be fixed to the trolley 24 which reciprocates.

In this case, it is preferable to set the pressure of the water jetted from the nozzle 16 to be high in order to reliably tear the package 12 regardless of the height of the top of the package. Moreover, the nozzle 16
Instead of continuously spraying the water, the high-pressure water can be stopped when the detection mechanism does not detect the packaging. Furthermore, instead of changing the height position of the nozzle, the diameter of the nozzle or the discharge pressure from the nozzle may be changed depending on the height of the package 12. In the above description, an example in which the nozzles reciprocate in the width direction of the conveyance path has been described. The nozzles can be fixed to a frame or the like by guiding the packages in an aligned state. In this case, it is preferable to reliably break the package regardless of its size or flatness, and to direct the nozzle toward the conveyance path from below or from the side. According to the present invention, as described above, since the package is ruptured by the nonflammable high-pressure liquid from the nozzle, the rupture does not generate frictional heat and, on the contrary, prevents flammable substances from getting mixed in. It is possible to actively prevent ignition by cooling it. Moreover, the dust inside the package can be moistened and prevented from scattering, and furthermore, the pin container and the like inside the package will not be destroyed. Therefore, the bag breaking operation and the subsequent sorting operation can be carried out reliably, safely, and hygienically without causing a fire or the like. According to the present invention, as described above, each package guided along the conveyance path is automatically spread over a wide range by the high pressure liquid from the high pressure liquid jet nozzle that reciprocates in the width direction of the conveyance path. It is possible to tear the package across the entire length, and there is no risk of the above-mentioned fire occurring due to this tearing operation, thereby making it possible to tear the package safely and efficiently.

Further, according to the present invention, by moving the nozzle up and down according to the height of the package, the distance between the top of the package and the nozzle can be maintained substantially constant, thereby making it possible to maintain a relatively constant distance between the top of the package and the nozzle. The package can also be reliably ruptured by the ejected liquid at the discharge pressure. In the above description, a bag tearing machine for packaging containing non-combustible materials has been described, but the present invention can be applied to tearing bags containing various types of waste, not limited to non-combustible materials.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are a front view and a side view, respectively, showing a bag tearing machine according to the present invention. 12: packaging, 14: conveyance path, 16: nozzle, 28: device for reciprocating the nozzle, 38, 40: device for moving the nozzle up and down according to the height of the package.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A bag tearing machine for tearing packages containing waste, comprising a conveyance path for the packaging, and a conveyance path guided along the conveyance path to tear the packaging. 1. A bag tearing machine comprising: a high-pressure liquid injection nozzle directed toward a bag, and injecting a nonflammable liquid from the nozzle. 2 A bag tearing machine for tearing packages containing waste, which includes a conveyance path for the packaging, and a conveyance path above the conveyance path for tearing the packages guided along the conveyance path. A bag tearing machine comprising a high-pressure liquid injection nozzle directed toward a conveyance path, and a device for reciprocating the nozzle in the width direction of the conveyance path, and injecting nonflammable liquid from the nozzle. 3 A bag tearing machine for tearing packages containing waste, which includes a conveyance path for the packaging and a conveyance path above the conveyance path to tear the packages guided along the conveyance path. a high-pressure liquid jet nozzle directed toward the conveyance path; a device for reciprocating the nozzle in the width direction of the conveyance path; and a device for detecting the height of the top of the package guided along the conveyance path, A bag tearing machine comprising: a device for moving the nozzle up and down in accordance with the request, and injecting a nonflammable liquid from the nozzle.