JPS6056933B2 - Manufacturing method for clutches and brake gears for electromagnetic clutch/brake devices - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a clutch for installing an electromagnetic clutch/brake,
Regarding the manufacturing method of brake armatures, electromagnetic clutches and
Clutches used in electromagnetic clutches and brake devices in motors with brakes, clutches equipped with brake friction plates, material selection for the friction plates in brake armatures, electromagnetic clutches related to oil impregnation of the friction plates and application of surface coating agents. - Concerning the manufacturing method of brake mounting clutches and brake armatures.

[Prior art]

First, a conventional electromagnetic clutch/brake device, including the clutch and brake armature used therein, will be explained with reference to FIG.

That is, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the upper half of an electromagnetic clutch/brake device in a conventional motor with an electromagnetic clutch/brake.

In the figure, M is the motor shaft, W is the flywheel, C is the clutch plate, P is the output shaft, S is the spline, 6 is the clutch armature, 7 is the clutch friction plate, 8 is This is the clutch friction surface.

Further, 9 is a brake armature, 10 is a brake friction plate, 11 is a brake friction surface, B is a brake plate, 12 is a magnetic attraction surface, 13 is a yoke, 14 and 15 are a clutch coil and a brake It is a coil, 16,1
7 indicates clutch magnetic flux and brake magnetic flux. That is, between a clutch plate C attached to a flywheel attached to a motor shaft M and a brake plate B fixed to a frame (not shown) of the motor, clutch friction facing the clutch plate C is generated. A clutch armature 6 provided with a plate 7 and a brake armature 9 provided with a brake friction plate 10 facing the brake plate B are movably placed side by side on a spline S integrated with the output shaft P, and the clutch plate A yoke 13 having a built-in clutch coil 14 and a brake coil 15 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of C and brake plate B.

With the above configuration, the clutch armature 6 moves along the spline S of the output shaft P and is attracted by the clutch magnetic flux 16 caused by energizing the clutch coil 14.
The clutch friction plate 7 and the clutch plate C each have a clutch friction surface 8 provided in the clutch plate C. The rotation of the motor is transmitted to the output shaft P via the flywheel W provided on the motor shaft M. Similarly, the brake magnetic flux 17 caused by energization of the brake coil 15 transmits the rotation of the motor to the output shaft P along the spline S of the output shaft P. Brake armature 9 moves and is attracted
A brake is applied to the output shaft P by a brake friction plate 10 having a brake friction surface 11 and a fixed brake plate B, which are provided on the shaft.

This type of general clutch, brake armature clutch, brake friction plate (hereinafter referred to as friction plate).

), the wear rate in its operation is 1 to 4 x 10-7c
f1/Kgm, and generally wears linearly due to the amount of work on the surface, that is, the energy consumed by the surface, and through this wear, work is transferred from the primary side to the secondary side. be. However, if the friction plate were to wear out linearly due to the cumulative amount of work on the surface, it would be a problem for a motor with an electromagnetic clutch/brake.

This is because the magnetic attraction surface, magnetic flux path, and friction surface are structurally integrated on both the clutch side and the brake side, and the magnetic attraction gap and friction surface gap are independent, making it impossible to adjust their dimensions in the direction of operation. Moreover, in the above-mentioned motor, which is designed so that the metal surfaces of the magnetic attraction surfaces do not come into contact with each other when the friction surfaces are pressed together to transmit torque, a significantly longer life than that of general friction plates is required. Ru. For example, when a motor with an electromagnetic clutch/brake is used as a drive motor for an industrial sewing machine, the motor output is 400 to 500.
W, and considering the marketability of the motor, the friction plate is generally required to have a lifespan of two years or more.

Calculating this backwards from the workload of sewing machines, which start and stop approximately 10,000 times a day, the wear rate of the friction plate is 0.
It needs to be better than 3x10-7c71f/Kgm. In addition, in relation to market demands in the garment industry,
The operating noise of clutches and brakes, the odor produced when the temperature of friction surfaces rises, the squealing noise of friction, and the like particularly reduce the product value. Furthermore, an electromagnetic clutch for driving the sewing machine
A motor with a brake is equipped with a controller for excitation of a clutch and a brake coil, and performs continuously variable speed or programmed speed change control. Friction plates that have functions that satisfy long-life demands and other property requirements for these friction plates are organic friction materials using known technology such as asbestos, and inorganic friction materials using sintered materials. is something that cannot be seen.

This is because there is a limit to dry friction.

Therefore, it is necessary to actively develop the friction surface into boundary friction and fluid friction. We need to move towards so-called wet friction clutches and brakes. However, such a wet process requires a complex structure and lacks productivity.

As a solution to this problem, although it is not a completely wet type, we are researching a method that actively interposes a different type of material on the friction surface of the dry friction method, creating a mechanism with a similar external structure to the dry friction structure and high productivity. It has been progressing. As a result, instead of using commonly used hard materials such as asbestos, molded materials, or sintered materials for friction plates, we have developed materials such as cork and nonwoven fabrics that have holes inside and that can be used for liquids such as oil. It has been found that impregnable, flexible materials are effective.

In other words, when these materials are used dry without any treatment, the wear rate is 5 to 15 x 10-7 CI/K9.
7TL is more abrasive and less practical than the hard materials mentioned above, but it takes advantage of the impregnable properties of oil and other materials to impregnate non-volatile mineral oil or silicone oil, and combines these oil components with graphite and By applying grease, called a surface coating agent, mixed with a solid lubricant such as molybdenum, to the friction surface of the friction plate, the wear rate can be dramatically improved.

The oil-impregnated friction plate reaches the end of its life when the impregnated oil is consumed or scattered due to friction, and the oil content disappears.

Therefore, by increasing the amount of oil impregnated into the limited friction plate and making the impregnation uniform, even if the oil on the friction surface is scattered due to temperature or centrifugal force during operation, It is very important to be able to replenish oil from other parts. In view of this, the present inventors previously impregnated the friction plate with oil and adhered it to the clutch and brake ring, and applied a surface coating agent to the friction plate to create a latch and brake armature. However, when attaching the friction plate to the clutch and brake ring, based on the reason that if the friction plate is already impregnated with oil and attached, the adhesive force will be significantly reduced. A method has been adopted in which the friction surface is impregnated with oil after being fixed using an adhesive or the like.

However, in such an embodiment, the oil is impregnated from the friction surface side, so it is not possible to uniformly impregnate the friction plate with oil, and in particular, there is almost no oil on the side that is fixed with adhesive etc. It is something that never existed.

Therefore, there are some difficulties in achieving a low price due to the process, including the lifespan. Now, this will be explained with reference to Figures 1 to 3 and 5. In the figures, 1 is a friction plate, 2 is a clutch, a brake ring, 3 is an adhesive, and 4 is a surface coating agent. , 5 indicate oil, respectively.

That is, what is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a clutch/brake armature in which a friction plate 1 is fixed to a clutch/brake ring 2 with an adhesive 3, and a surface coating agent 4 is applied to the friction surface of the friction plate 1. As mentioned above, before applying the surface coating agent 4 in the final step, oil impregnation is performed by boiling in oil or vacuum impregnation.
Since the oil cannot be impregnated from the adhesive surface of the friction surface, the oil 5 is impregnated only into the friction surface, as shown in FIG. 3, which is an enlarged view of the portion A. Therefore,
The oil content of the friction plate 1 is as shown by the broken line in the curve of FIG. 5 relating to the relationship between the impregnation depth and the oil content.
If the surface of the friction plate (upper part of the figure) is used as a reference, and the thickness of the friction plate 1 is t (see Figure 3), only the friction surface part is oil 5.
Because there is no oil 5, the amount of oil 5 impregnated into the friction plate 1 is small, and there is oil 5 only on the surface, so if oil splatters during operation, there is almost no replenishment of oil 5, which reduces the service life. is short.

Furthermore, since the friction plate 1 is fixed to the clutch and brake ring 2 and impregnated with oil, handling thereof is troublesome, resulting in additional man-hours and an increase in cost.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention solves the various drawbacks of the previously developed friction plates, and the present invention uses cork made of a specific material that has holes inside and is flexible enough to be impregnated with oil. Selectively use and form the friction plate, uniformly impregnate the friction plate with oil, and then, after uniformly impregnating the oil, the friction plate,
Fix the clutch and brake ring with adhesive, and finally,
This is done through a specific series of processes of applying a grease-like surface coating agent based on the same type of oil as the oil impregnated above, and by selecting and using specific materials, uniform oil impregnation and an increase in the amount of oil impregnation are achieved. At the same time, by processing the product as a single unit, it is easy to handle and reduces the number of man-hours, and by selecting and using specific materials, it can be bonded without any practical problems. Furthermore, the solid lubricant contained in the surface coating agent suppresses the amount of oil seeping out and ensures that the appropriate amount of internal oil oozes out, and the same type of oil as the oil built into the friction plate in the surface coating agent A manufacturing method for clutches and brake armatures for electromagnetic clutches and brake devices for motors with electromagnetic clutches and brakes that maintain affinity with the oil built into the friction plates and maintain the solid lubricant in the surface coating on the surface of the friction plates. Its purpose is to provide.

[Summary of the invention]

Clutch for electromagnetic clutch/brake device according to the present invention,
A method for manufacturing a brake armature is to provide a clutch friction plate facing the clutch plate between a clutch plate attached to a flywheel attached to the motor shaft and a brake plate fixed to the motor frame. A clutch armature and a brake armature provided with a brake friction plate facing the brake plate are movably placed side by side on a spline integrated with the output shaft, and on the outer periphery of the clutch plate and brake plate, The structure is such that a yoke containing a clutch coil and a brake coil is disposed therein, and the above-mentioned clutch coil. The rotation of the motor is transmitted to the output shaft via the flywheel by the clutch friction plate of the clutch armature, which is moved and attracted to the clutch plate by the magnetic flux caused by the energization of the brake coil, and the brake is moved and attracted to the brake plate by energizing the brake coil. armachi;
In the method for manufacturing the clutch and brake armature of the electromagnetic clutch/brake device in which the brake is applied to the output shaft by an air brake friction plate, a flexible cork having holes inside and capable of being impregnated with oil is used. After forming a clutch or brake friction plate by selectively using it, and uniformly impregnating this friction plate alone with oil by boiling in oil, vacuum impregnation, pressure impregnation, or ultrasonic impregnation, or a combination of these, It is fixed to the clutch and brake ring with an adhesive, and the friction plate is further coated with a grease-like surface coating agent based on the same type of oil as the oil to be impregnated.

More detailed information is as follows.

That is, when manufacturing them, (a) the clutch and brake friction plates are formed by selectively using cork, which is a specific material that has holes inside and is flexible enough to be impregnated with oil; Uniformly impregnate the friction plate alone, that is, before adhering it to the clutch or brake ring, with oil (0)
Next, this friction plate evenly impregnated with oil is fixed to the clutch and brake ring with adhesive, and (c) finally, a grease-like surface coating agent based on the same type of oil as the oil impregnated above is applied. This is done through a specific series of steps: coating.

At least in (a) above, by selecting and using the specific material, the oil impregnation becomes uniform, the amount of oil impregnation increases, and even if the oil on the surface layer is consumed or scattered during operation, friction Since the oil impregnated deep into the board is replenished, its life is reliably extended, and at the same time, by treating the board with oil as it is, it is easy to handle and reduces the number of man-hours. By selecting and using specific materials, it is possible to bond without any practical problems, and in (c), the solid lubricant contained in the surface coating agent suppresses the amount of oil seeping out. This ensures that the appropriate amount of oil oozes out, and the same type of oil in the surface coating agent as the oil built into the friction plate maintains an affinity with the oil built into the friction plate, and the solid lubricant in the surface coating agent is applied to the friction plate. It is designed so that it remains on the surface of the surface.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 4 together with FIG. 5.

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of a portion corresponding to part A in FIG. 2, where 1A denotes a clutch and brake friction plate (hereinafter referred to as a friction plate).

) 2A is a clutch, a brake ring, 3A is an adhesive, 4A is a surface coating agent, and 5A is an oil.
The friction plate 1A is formed by selecting and employing flexible cork having holes, and is coated with a surface coating agent 4A.
is a grease-like product based on the same type of oil as Oil 5A.

That is, the oil 5A to be impregnated is, for example, non-volatile mineral oil or silicone oil, and the surface coating agent 4
A is a grease-like mixture of the oil component of the oil 5A and a solid lubricant such as graphite or molybdenum.

To manufacture the above-mentioned structure, first, the friction plate 1A is formed by selecting a flexible cork that has holes and can be impregnated with oil, and then boils this alone in oil and vacuum. The oil 5A is impregnated by impregnation, pressure impregnation, or ultrasonic impregnation, or by a combination of these impregnation methods.

Next, after removing excess oil on the surface of the friction plate 1A, the clutch and brake ring 2A are fixed with an adhesive 3A.

Finally, as described above, a grease-like surface coating agent 4A based on the same type of oil as the oil 5A is applied.

In the above process, first, as the friction plate 1A, flexible cork having pores that can be impregnated with liquid such as oil is used, so that the oil 5A is impregnated from the entire surface of the friction plate 1A. As shown in FIG. 4, the friction plate 1A is impregnated almost uniformly.

In addition, when the friction plate 1A is in a stand-alone state before it is fixed, first apply oil 5A.
It is possible to impregnate a large amount of the material.

When using the oil impregnation method as described above, the area of the friction plate 1A in contact with oil is significantly increased compared to the conventional method, so that the oil impregnation becomes uniform and the amount of oil impregnation increases. There is.

Therefore, as shown by the solid curve in FIG. 5 mentioned above, oil is no longer present only on the friction surface as seen in the past, and a substantially uniform oil impregnation pattern can be obtained. It is something.

Note that in the solid curve in FIG. 5, the oil content decreases slightly in the center of the friction plate 1A, but this is because it is difficult to impregnate oil because it is far from the surface when impregnated with oil.

However, to that extent, it turns out that it is a significant improvement over the conventional one. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an electromagnetic clutch and a brake armature having a friction plate 1A with a large amount of oil impregnated, but even if the oil on the surface layer is consumed or scattered during operation, the deep part of the friction plate 1A is impregnated. Since the same type of oil 5A that has been removed is replenished, its life can be reliably extended.

In other words, during repeated clutch and brake engagement collisions, the oil 5A contained in the holes inside the friction plate 1A
comes to the surface, and this oil 5A causes the two engaged and colliding members to come into contact with each other while sliding, which alleviates the generation of frictional heat at the time of engagement, and prevents the friction plate 1A from being destroyed by the frictional heat. .

However, if a large amount of this oil 5A comes out at once, the internal components will be depleted, so long life cannot be expected, and if too much comes out, it will become too slippery.
The operation of the clutch and brake becomes sluggish, but the solid lubricant contained in the surface coating agent 4A suppresses the amount of oil 5A that oozes out, thereby improving the operation of the clutch and brake. This ensures that an appropriate amount of the built-in oil 5A oozes out while maintaining its properties. At the same time, the lubricating action of the solid lubricant also facilitates the sliding contact.

Furthermore, the same type of oil as oil 5A in surface coating agent 4A is
It has the role of maintaining the solid lubricant of the surface coating agent 4A on the surface of the friction plate 1A by maintaining its affinity with the oil 5A contained in the friction plate 1A. In addition, as mentioned above, oil 5
Friction plate 1A with A is attached to the clutch, brake ring 2
When adhering to A with adhesive 3A, the adhesive strength is reduced due to the presence of oil 5A, but special selection of adhesive 3A, including the use of epoxy adhesive or nitrile rubber adhesive, When used, since the friction plate 1A is made of a material with holes such as cork, the strength of the friction plate is weaker than the adhesive force, so there is no problem in practical use. The above-mentioned selection and use of materials has a special effect in this respect as well.

In addition to the above, since the friction plate 1A is treated with oil as a single unit, that is, without any attachments, it is easy to handle and has the effect of reducing man-hours. Furthermore, since a flexible material is used as the friction plate 1A, it is possible to reduce the collision noise during engagement.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Taking all the above-mentioned points into consideration, according to the present invention, it is possible to uniformly impregnate the friction plate with oil to extend its life, and it is also possible to impregnate a large amount of oil into the friction plate. Moreover, since the friction plate itself is impregnated with oil, there are no unnecessary latches or brake rings when impregnating the friction plate, making it extremely easy to handle. Therefore, it is possible to produce electromagnetic clutches and brake armatures that are inexpensive and have reliable performance, and it is also possible to use these to provide motors with electromagnetic clutches and brakes that are inexpensive and have accurate action. This invention can be said to have excellent practicality.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a clutch and brake armature for an electromagnetic clutch/brake device that was previously developed, Fig. 2 is a side sectional view thereof, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of section A in Fig. 2. A partial cross-sectional view also showing the oil impregnated state by the oil impregnation method,
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 22, and is a partial sectional view also showing the oil impregnated state according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows the oil impregnation depth and oil impregnation in the clutch and brake friction plates. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the upper half of the electromagnetic clutch/brake device in a conventional motor with an electromagnetic clutch/brake. 1A...Clutch, brake friction plate, 2A...
Clutch, brake ring, 3A...adhesive,
4A...Surface coating agent, 5A...Oil.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A clutch armature that is provided with a clutch friction plate facing the clutch plate between a clutch plate attached to a flywheel attached to the shaft of the motor and a brake plate fixed to the frame of the motor, and the brake. A brake armature provided with a brake friction plate facing the plate is movably placed side by side on a spline integrated with the output shaft, and a clutch coil and a brake coil are arranged on the outer periphery of the clutch plate and brake plate. The structure is such that a built-in yoke is arranged, and the clutch friction plate of the clutch armature, which is moved and attracted to the clutch plate by the magnetic flux generated by energizing the clutch coil, transmits the rotation of the motor to the output shaft via the flywheel, and In the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned clutch and brake armature of an electromagnetic clutch, a brake device, and a brake friction plate of a brake armature, which is moved and attracted to a brake plate by energization of a brake coil, a hole is created inside. Clutch and brake friction plates are formed by selecting a flexible cork that can be impregnated with oil, and after uniformly impregnating this friction plate with oil,
Fix it to the clutch and brake ring with adhesive, and
A method for manufacturing a clutch and a brake armature for mounting an electromagnetic clutch/brake, characterized in that a grease-like surface coating agent based on the same type of oil as the oil to be impregnated is applied to the friction plate.