JPS608444B2 - Orbit error double long string calculation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a track deviation double long string calculation device that can convert track deviation measurement data by a track inspection vehicle into data for an even numbered double long chord and record the data.

First, among the track deviations measured with conventional track inspection side cars (hereinafter referred to as inspection side cars), track deviations and elevation deviations that are related to this invention and their measurement methods will be explained.

The misalignment refers to the bending of the rail in the longitudinal direction on the track plane, and it is determined by a suitable course length, e.g.
When a measuring string (hereinafter referred to as a string) connecting the 0 skin is stretched, it represents the distance between the string and the string at the center point of the string.

Figure 1 shows the amount of deviation x (hereinafter simply referred to as deviation) in the straight section of the rail. In the misalignment section, 2 indicates the string, and 3 indicates an appropriate reference line on the car body as a measurement reference.In the figure, the length of the string 2 is 1, and the distance between the string 2 and the misalignment section 1 at its center point is 1. The distance x is defined as the misalignment. Figures 2a and b show the misalignment measurement mechanism. In Fig. 2a, 3 is the car body, 4 is the trolley, and 5 is the measuring wheel. 1 is the front wheel, 5-2
is the center wheel, and 5-3 are the rear wheels. These three wheels 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3 are spaced apart by 1/2 distance from each other. It consists of Figure 2 M here, 4-, 4-2
6 is a bearing fixed to the trolley 4, and 6 is a ball of the measuring wheel 5, which is supported at both ends by bearings 4-1 and 4-2, and the measuring wheel 5 is free to rotate. Reference numeral 7 denotes a connecting rod that is in contact with the shaft 6 and transmits the displacement of the L shaft 6 in the axial direction. It is free.

8 is an air spring, compressed air is forced into it through the air inlet 8-1, and the connecting rod 7 is pushed by the air spring 6' to press the surface of the measuring wheel 5 against the side surface of the head of the rail 1.

9 and 10 are arms, and the lower end of one arm 9 is fixed to the ball 7.

1. The connection point between arm 9 and arm 10 is composed of a uniball, 12 is a mechanical and electrical angle converter (hereinafter referred to as a converter), 12 is the central axis of the converter 12, and the upper end of arm 0 is the center axis of the converter 12. It is fixed.

13 is a support ball for the converter 12, and 14 is a bearing for the support rod 13. The bearing 14 is fixed to the vehicle body 4.

If there is any misalignment on the rail 1 due to the running of the inspection vehicle, the measuring wheel 5 will be displaced in a direction perpendicular to the track with respect to the vehicle body 3 in accordance with the misalignment. This displacement displaces the connecting rod 7 in the direction of the arrow A shown in the figure, and through the arm 9 and the arm IQ becomes an angular displacement of the center part 12-I of the converter 12, and an electrical output corresponding to the angular displacement is transmitted to the converter. 12
You can get more. The uniball connection point 11 and the support shaft 13 of the transducer 12 absorb vertical and longitudinal displacements of the vehicle body 3 and the bogie 4, and do not affect the angular displacement of the transducer 12. Now, the wheels 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3 in Fig. 2a are of the above-described structure, and the rails 1 are straight with the car body 3 as a reference, and the distance between the left and right rails 1 is the standard value. At this time, the outputs of the three converters are all adjusted to be zero. Now, when there is a misalignment in the rail, the wheels 5-1, 6-2, and 5-3 cause the rail 1 to be displaced in the direction perpendicular to the track [x,] and [by], respectively, as shown in FIG. and [benefit] can be obtained.

Here, [x] represents displacement, and is distinguished from misalignment x.
With these three displacements [x,], [cedar], and [x3], the misalignment can be determined by the following formula. X=[cedar]-
(Event) Poison [X3]--m Note that [x,], [x2], and [x3] have positive and negative signs. For example, when setting the inside of rail 1 as negative and the outside as positive, The signs of x have similar meanings.

Next, thinking about height deviation, ``Even in height deviation,
As mentioned above, the circumstances are exactly the same as the deviation, and as shown in Figure 1, the deviation is on the orbit plane, but by viewing it as a vertical section, it can be directly replaced with the elevation deviation.

In this case, instead of the L measuring wheel 5, a method is used in which the vertical movement of a scale box (not shown) of the running wheel provided on the trolley 4 is transmitted to the converter using an appropriate arm. Such a measurement sensor is installed in each of the three trolleys and four trucks, and the height deviation is determined by equation '1' using the three pieces of vertical displacement data obtained by the respective converters. Recently, instead of the contact measuring wheel 5, an optical method has been developed to measure the left and right displacement of the rail, but in this case as well, the chord length i is used and the above-mentioned However, essentially the same measurement of misalignment is being carried out.

Now, ``In the above explanation, as shown in Figure 1,
In this case, the length of the track deviation part 1-1 is shorter than the chord length 1, but the value of the chord length 1 is limited by the length of the vehicle being inspected, and a value of about low is used at most. On the other hand, there are some real orbit deviations that exceed the chord length 1,
For orbit deviations of such length, measurement errors may be large or measurement may become impossible. This will be explained with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1-2 indicates a section with orbital deviation that is longer than the chord length 1, and it is clear that the measured orbital deviation x' is considerably larger than the true value x by 4 mm. This happens both in passing and in pitching. In this way, if we take the ratio of the measured value x' at a longer orbit error than the chord length 1 and the true value x and call it the Z error detection rate, the detection rate is the curve of the orbit error part. Although it is determined depending on the shape of each curve and differs depending on each curve, as an example, the calculated value of the detection rate when the curve is a sine waveform is shown in FIG. In the figure, curve A has a chord length of 1
01 skin, when the length of the orbital deviation is below low, the detection ratio is 1, that is, the measured value and the true value are equal, but as the length of the orbital deviation exceeds low, the detection ratio gradually decreases until finally indicates that it is impossible to measure. On the other hand, the curved mouth has a chord length of 20 m2, and the chord length is 1
It shows that it is possible to detect longer orbital deviations than those with a chord length of 0, and the curve C is for a chord length of 40, and it is possible to detect even longer orbits. As railway trains become faster, the importance of track maintenance has increased dramatically, not only for safe operation but also for passenger riding comfort. It is only natural that there is a need for a measuring device that can measure accurately and easily.
In addition to conventional track deviation measuring devices, there was a need for a new, small and simple track deviation measuring device that could calculate track deviations for long chord lengths in real time on the inspection vehicle.

This invention uses the above-mentioned track deviation measurement device of the subordinate inspection side car to determine track deviations for chord lengths that are even multiples of the chord length on the inspection side car in real time, and parallelizes this with the basic data obtained conventionally. The object of the present invention is to provide a new, simple, and economically efficient orbital deviation double long string arithmetic device that can record the following.

The features of the present invention will be outlined below.

The feature of the present invention is that the orbit deviation y for the double major chord 21 is determined using the following equation '61, which is determined based on the principle described below.

y≠x, 12ra1×3
In [61], x, , x3 are the amount of orbital deviation with respect to string 1 at three distant points on the orbit.

First, in the conventional device for determining orbital deviation with a chord length of 1, the orbital deviation × can be immediately determined using the calculation formula {1} from three pieces of data obtained simultaneously from three measurement sensors. As the autopsy float moves, each point on the trajectory is successively measured.

On the other hand, in order to find the orbit deviation y for the double major chord, data x, , average, and x3 for three separate points on the orbit are used, so store these and It is proposed at (time point) and used for calculation.
Furthermore, when reading this data, the three points must be at exactly constant intervals, that is, with respect to the double major chord. Use distance pulses. An analog sample-and-hold circuit may be used as a storage device in such a case, but according to experiments conducted by the inventors, when the vehicle on the inspection side is running at a low speed or is stopped, the sample-and-hold circuit is Since there is a limit to the effective retention time, errors occur or measurements are impossible, making them impractical. Additionally, the drift phenomenon of the sample-and-hold circuit also causes errors. In connection with these, a digital shift register is used as a storage device in this invention. According to this, the memory is effective without being affected by the passage of time, and the accuracy can be satisfied by taking the number of digits as required. Now, the orbital deviation data for the double length chord obtained above is the original chord length (basic chord length)
The point (time point) is different compared to the one for. That is, in FIG. 5a, after the measurement data for point d at the basic chord length 1 is obtained, the double length chord data y for point c is obtained for the first time. In this invention, the orbital deviation x due to the basic chord length i is calculated for the shortened range, and the orbital deviation y of the double long chord and the orbital deviation y of the quadruple long chord is calculated for the slightly longer range. It is assumed that the three data of z are recorded in parallel so that the state of orbital deviation can be displayed in as much detail as possible.However, there are differences in the points in the above-mentioned double major chord data, so these points must be aligned.

This positioning is characterized in that it is easily performed by shifting the position of the recording pen by a corresponding amount in the recording section. Hereinafter, a brief explanation will be given regarding the derivation of the basic data processing formula of the orbital deviation double long string calculation device according to the present invention.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 1-3 indicates a track deviation part, which is a curved line projecting upward.

Now, on the orbital deviation part 1-3, measurement points a, b,
Let c, d, and e be taken, and the lengths of strings ac, bd, and ce are all 1. The measured value of orbital deviation due to chord length 1 is
Assume that x is obtained for the string ac, x2 is obtained for the string pillow, and ume is obtained for the string ce. In this case, assuming that the curvature of the orbital deviation portion 1-3 is small, the length of the chord ae is approximately 21. Now the foot of the perpendicular from point c to chord ae is g
``If we calculate the length y of the line segment cg, y will be twice as long as the original chord length 1, which means that the orbit will be off the chord.To find the value of y, we will move from point b to chord ae. Drop the perpendicular line, string ac,
Let the points that intersect with the chord ae be i and i, respectively, and let the intersections of the perpendicular lines from the point d be k and m, respectively.Also, let the point where the perpendicular line from the point c intersect with the chord bd be n.Here, again, Assuming that the curvature of the orbital deviation part 1-3 is small, bi±x
,,cn main x2, dk±ume …[2
} holds true.

Also, if it is noted that points j and m are approximately midpoints of line segment ag and bag, respectively, the following relational expression can be obtained. In addition, in the quadrilateral bjmd, line segments bi, ng, and dm are parallel to each other, and ig and gm are almost equal, so
We get the following relationship.

2ng≠bj+dm…■
On the other hand, the following equations can be obtained using equations ■ and '3}.

ng:Cg-Cn〒y-&,bj:bijuij≠X・Juondm:dk1km〒umejusan--'5) Expression [5} is expressed as {
By substituting it into 4' and sorting it out, the orbital deviation y for the double major chord is
, the orbit deviation for the original chord length 1 ×, , Sugi, and ×3
The above-mentioned calculation formula can be obtained.

y≠X, 12-10×3...'
6} As mentioned above, the curve shown by the orbital deviation part 1-3 has a simple upwardly protruding shape, but if it is a downwardly protruding shape,
Equation {6}' holds true only if the sign becomes negative.

Furthermore, even when the shape of the curve changes from upwardly convex to downwardly convex, as shown in FIG. 5b, it can be proven that equation {6' holds true by considering the sign in the same manner as above.
Furthermore, if the shape of the track deviation part 1-3 suddenly changes many times upward and downward within 21 seconds, it is already "
Since it is determined by a measuring device for the chord length 1, the curved shape of the track deviation portion 1-3 will not be further discussed here. After obtaining the double long chord orbit deviation explained above, this idea can be expanded to calculate the double long chord for chord lengths of 4 times, 8 times, etc. Errors are included, and the errors increase each time the string is extended to a higher-order double-length chord, so in practice, the chord length 1 is
and is valid for at most twice and four times, ie 20 strings and 40 strings.

It should be noted that in the curved part of the trajectory, there is a positive arrow accompanying the curve. In the measurement method using the zero string described above, this is included outside the measurement data as a pseudo track deviation, but since the curved section of the track is usually several hundred meters long, it is not a problem here. The true sense of deviation can be distinguished by its length. Hereinafter, one embodiment of the orbital deviation double long string calculation device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the track deviation double long string calculation device according to the present invention, in which 15 is an input terminal for measurement data of track deviation for chord length 1, and 160 is an analog-to-digital converter (hereinafter referred to as A/D converter). 17 is a distance pulse input terminal, and 18 is a waveform shaping circuit.

Now, as the track inspection side vehicle travels, a distance pulse SP, which will be described later, is generated and is input to the input terminal 17, and the waveform shaping circuit 18,
Shaping the waveform necessary to operate the A/D converter 165,
After level adjustment, the A/D converter 16 receives the A/D converter 16.
○ Form the ON operation of the converter 16. On the other hand, analog track deviation data x obtained from a set of three measurement sensors (for deviation in alignment and for deviation in height) provided on each bogie is inputted to the A/D converter 16 from the input terminal 15. and an A/D converter 16 operated by the distance pulse sp.
The orbit deviation x is digitized by the ON operation. Adding a supplementary explanation about the distance pulse sp mentioned above,
Traditionally, ``track deviation measured in 9 track inspection cars,
The data is recorded on continuous paper (chart paper) in proportion (scale) to the distance.

In order to perform distance-proportional recording, the paper feed speed is made proportional to the traveling speed, and for this purpose, the above-mentioned distance pulse sp proportional to the distance is generated by a pulse generator directly connected to the axle of the traveling wheel. An external pulse motor provided in the paper feed mechanism is input so that the paper movement speed is proportional to the running speed. For track inspection side cars, a method for obtaining such a distance pulse SP has already been established.
In this invention, the input terminal 15 and subsequent parts will be explained on the assumption that the distance pulse sp has already been obtained.
Note that distance pulses sp having IM intervals are generally used. Next, in FIG. 6, numeral 19 is a shift register A connected in multiple stages, an adder A with two pure binary numbers, and 21 with an adder B, which is also a pure binary number.

Now, as mentioned above, by the specific distance pulse sp, A
The A/D converter 15 operates to digitize the orbit deviation x at a certain point, and when this operation is completed, the A/D converter 1
6 indicates the end of A/D conversion (hereinafter referred to as A/D conversion) from the output terminal 16-1.
Outputs a signal (denoted as D END). A/ like this
The A/D converter that outputs the D END signal is generally commercially available, and the technology for using it is considered to be a normal technology. The above A/DEND signal causes the shift register 19 to shift the previously stored orbit deviation data to the next stage, and update the value of the A/D converter 15 to the first stage. Load.

In this way, as the inspecting car moves, the shift register changes sequentially! The state of the data stored in 6 will be explained with reference to FIG. In the figure, A for a certain point on the orbit
/The orbit deviation digitized by the D converter 15 is xo
Let the orbit deviations for each distance pulse spIM be sequentially x, , average, x3, . . . . In the figure, 28 indicates a double long chord, and the values of orbit deviation for this double long chord 28 are set, x5 and x. Following the formula side, y5≠xo+2 is also 1×,. It is determined by In terms of the passage of time, x,
. Immediately after calculating, ...is obtained.Here, for the above reason, x
5? The process from selecting x and o to adding them will be explained. Returning to FIG. 6, the shift register 6 in this case has 11 stages connected in series. x, shown in FIG.
At the time when is measured, God, skin...,x,. is memorized. Here, among the stages of the shift register, from the stage that stores the average, right, and x, o of the individual orbital deviation amounts, the wiring shown in the diagram is used to calculate the values of God and x. The amount for ``Plum'' is input to adder A201, the amount for plum is input to adder B21', and the output 0 of adder A20 is input to adder B21'. In this case, for the army against Tsubaki, connect the wires diagonally from the shift register 19 to the input side of the adder B21 as shown in FIG. Shifting upward, the addition of 21 in the equation [6}' is performed, simplifying the configuration of the adder circuit. As a result of the above, the addition of the above equation is performed, and the result is obtained as the output of the adder B21. Thereafter, following the calculation of y5, the next x, . At the time when is given 0, pine≠×, 12 is also 10×
、． The following calculations are performed, and in the same manner, the orbit deviations serpentine, serpent, y7, . . . for the double length chord are sequentially obtained for each IM.

Since the value of yn obtained in this case is the IM interval, very short orbital deviations, that is, ta orbital deviations below the IM level, are lost by the double long string operation, and this This is the measurement limit. Next, the operation of the quadruple long chord will be explained. In FIG. 6, 22 is a shift register B, 23 is an adder C, and 24 is an adder D. In this case, 0 is also calculated to the same extent as the above-mentioned double length chord calculation. Now, when the quadruple length orbit deviation is zn, for example, the calculation of z, o is z, o≠y
o Ten? It is carried out by 10y20. The shift register B22 for this purpose has a 2-subordinate configuration.
yo... memorize y, o, snake. is the pre-stage adder B
The output of C21 is directly input to the adder C23. The wiring from the shift register B22 is such that the signals for yo, y, and o are input to the adder C23 and the adder ○24, respectively. H Well, in the above, after finding the orbital deviation yn for the double long chord, the value of yn is used to find zn for the quadruple long chord, but in addition, from the value for the basic chord length × n , zn can be directly calculated, and all various calculation circuits including such a case are included in the technology of the present invention.

Now, finally, we will record the double length string data mentioned above. In Figure 6, 25 is a digital-analog converter (hereinafter referred to as D).
/A converter) A, 26 is a D/A converter B, and 27 is a pen-shaped recorder using continuous paper.

The output yn of the adder B21 is converted by the O/A converter A25,
Furthermore, the output zn of the adder D24 is converted into an analog quantity by the D/A converter B26, without using a special trigger pulse, every time the values of the outputs yn and zn are updated, until the next value is reached. Its value is retained. These wave the pen of the recorder 27, and the data is recorded on the paper.
These are commonly used techniques and do not require special explanation, but as already mentioned, the basic chord length data x is also recorded in parallel on the recorder 27, so these x, y, and z mutually There is a positional shift between them. In the present invention, although not particularly shown in the drawings, this positional deviation is corrected by shifting the position of the recording pen by an amount corresponding to the deviation and recording at the same point at the same time. In addition, the recorder 27
As described above, the paper feeding operation is performed by driving the pulse motor using the distance pulse sp, and realizing paper feeding proportional to the distance. In addition to recording the data measured by the inspection vehicle on the continuous paper described above, if necessary, it is also magnetically recorded on an analog or digital data recorder. Of course, it is possible to easily record the calculated analog output or digital output on a data recorder.

As is clear from the above description, by adding the track deviation double long string calculation device according to the present invention to the conventional track deviation measurement device, the major drawbacks of the track deviation (track deviation and elevation deviation) measurement device of the subordinate It will be understood that it is possible to overcome the limitation of measurement due to chord length and to measure long orbit deviations with the same degree of accuracy. Furthermore, since the calculation section has an extremely simple circuit configuration, it is small, lightweight, and highly economical, and because it uses a digital method, there are fewer errors in the calculation process. As an ultimate processing method, it is possible to record data in parallel with the data for the basic chord length of the follower, making it possible to measure the state of orbit deviation more precisely than before and realize strict orbit management, contributing to this area. I have to say that it is a very important thing to do.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a part of the track to explain misalignment, Fig. 2 a and b are explanatory diagrams of the measurement principle of misalignment, Fig. 2 a is a side view of the track inspection side car, Fig. 2 b is a perspective view showing an outline of the structure around the measuring wheel, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram regarding track deviation of a long track, Fig. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the detection rate, and Fig. 5 is an explanation of the principle of double long chord calculation in this invention. In the figures, Fig. 5a is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the curve of the trajectory is upwardly protruding, Fig. 5b is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the curve changes from upwardly protruding to downwardly protruding, and Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the curve changes from upwardly protruding to downwardly protruding. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the orbit deviation double long string calculating device, FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining measurement points, and FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the wiring of the present invention. 1...Rail, 1-1, 1-2, 1-3... Track deviation part 2... Measuring string (string included) 3... Car body, 4...
...Bogie, 4-1, 4-2, 14...Bearing, 5...
...Measurement wheel, 5-1...Front wheel L 5
12...Central wheel, 5-3...Rear wheel, 6...Measuring wheel axis, T...Connection bar, 8...
Air spring, 9, 10...Arm, 11...
Connection point, 12...Converter, 12-1...
・Central axis of converter, 13...Support axis of converter, turtle 5
...Input terminal, 16...A/D converter, 1
7... Distance pulse input terminal, 18...- Waveform shaping circuit, 19... Shift register A, 20...
... Adder A, 21... Adder B, 22...
...Shift register B, 23...Adder C, 24...Adder D, 25...D/A converter A, 26...D
/A converter B, 27... Recorder, 28...
Double long string. O figure Soup Z figure Soup 3 figure Soup 4 figure Soup S figure O 5 figure O 7 figure Spear figure 8 figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Track deviation measurement sensors installed on each bogie arranged at a fixed distance of 1/2 between the front and center and between the center and rear of the track inspection vehicle, and a track deviation measurement sensor installed on each wheel of the track inspection vehicle. A means for generating an electric signal in the form of a distance pulse at fixed distance intervals in conjunction with the above-mentioned track deviation measuring sensor digitally measures an analog amount of track deviation using a certain distance 1 between the bogies as a measurement chord at each measurement point. an analog-to-digital converter that converts the measured chord length 1 into a quantity; a shift register unit consisting of a plurality of stages that sequentially stores the digital quantity of orbit deviation of the analog-to-digital converter; Orbit error data at three points 1/2 distance apart from each other among the orbit error digital quantity group ￥x
Using _1, x_2, x_3\, it is possible to calculate the orbit deviation for the double long chord ¥y = x_1 + 2x_2 + x_3\, and the orbit deviation for the double long chord at three points separated by a distance of 1 from each other obtained by this calculation. ¥y_1,y_2
,y_3￥ to calculate the orbital deviation￥z for the quadruple long chord 4l
=y_1+2y_2+y_3￥, a digital-to-analog conversion unit that converts the digital amount of orbit deviation for the double or quadruple long string outputted from the digital calculation portion into an analog amount, and the double or quadruple long string. It consists of a recording section that aligns the measurement points and records in parallel the analog amount of orbit deviation for the measured string length and the analog amount of orbit deviation for the measured string length.
An orbit-deviation double long string arithmetic device characterized in that a digital conversion section, a shift register section, an arithmetic section, and a digital-to-analog conversion section are controlled and operated by an electric signal that is the distance pulse.