JPS6111616B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a stone crushing device.

It has been known to use explosives to crush stones present in organs. One method is to use the shock wave generated when an explosive is detonated to directly affect the stone to break it up.
Another method involves creating a flying object using the gas generated by exploding explosives as an acceleration source, and colliding with the stone to break it up.

In the former method, if an appropriate amount of explosives is exploded in contact with a stone, the shock wave generated by the explosion will crush the stone, but since the shock wave spreads three-dimensionally from the source of the explosion, it will destroy anything other than the stone. There is also a risk that the area may be damaged by the strong shock waves. In addition, the gas generated by the explosion expands rapidly and affects a wide area around the area, so it is possible that this could cause damage. Furthermore, there is a risk that the crushed stones will fly around at high speed and cause damage to the inner surface of the organ.

On the other hand, according to the latter method, damage caused by shock waves and damage to organs caused by flying stones can be almost completely avoided, and the energy of gunpowder is efficiently used as energy for crushing, so less gunpowder is required. This makes it possible to crush large stones. However, it is natural that the expansion of the explosive gas will have an effect on the organs, and if the projectile hits the stone at the right place and at the right angle,
If the aim is off course or the angle of impact of the projectile is not appropriate, the projectile may deviate in an unexpected direction and hit an organ. If such a situation were to occur, the damage to the organs would be severe.

The present invention aims to overcome the difficulties associated with conventional stone crushing using explosives. According to the present invention, a layer of gunpowder and its ignition means are loaded in the rear part of a thin tube having an open front end and forming a driving body housing chamber therein, which can be inserted into an organ in which a stone is present; , a locking part is provided in the front part of the housing chamber, and further, a locking part is provided in the housing chamber,
A first part having a shape that can penetrate the locking part and protrude to the outside of the storage chamber, and a second part having a shape that cannot penetrate the locking part and can come into close contact with the inner periphery of the thin tube. A driving body made up of parts is slidably housed, and the driving body is driven by the explosion of the gunpowder layer by the ignition means, so that only the first part can protrude outside the thin tube. A lithotripter is provided.

In the device of the present invention, a driving body is created using the gas generated by exploding explosives as a driving source, and the driving body is applied to the calculus, so that only the calculus can be efficiently crushed without affecting the surrounding area.
That is, according to the crushing device of the present invention, since the driving body flies out from the tip of the device by a predetermined length and then stops, there is no risk that the driving body will hit an organ and cause serious injury, and there is no possibility that the exploding gas will still be released. Since it does not leak outside, there is no need to worry about damage caused by this. Therefore, stones present in narrow organs such as the ureter can also be safely crushed.

Next, the stone crushing device of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the stone crushing device according to the present invention, and in the figure, reference numeral 1 is a thin tube usually made of metal such as stainless steel or brass, and the front end is open. Also, a housing chamber 8 suitable for housing a driving body 2, which will be described later, is formed inside. The rear end of the thin tube 1 is closed by a plugging body 6.

A gunpowder layer 3 is provided at the rear of the storage chamber 8, and an ignition means 4 for igniting the gunpowder layer 3 is provided adjacent to the gunpowder layer 3. The ignition means has a leg wire 5 that passes through the plugged part and is led to the outside, and when connected to a power source (not shown), the ignition means generates heat and causes the explosive layer 3 to explode. .

A locking portion 9 is formed at the front portion of the storage chamber 8 in order to stop the movement of the drive body 2 . The driving body 2 is
The first part 2' has a shape that can penetrate the locking part 9 and protrude to the outside of the thin tube 1 over a predetermined length, and the first part 2' cannot penetrate the locking part 9 and is in contact with the inner wall surface of the thin tube 1 at a predetermined distance. It is composed of a second portion 2'' having a shape that can be brought into close contact over its length. In the illustrated example, the storage chamber 8 is configured such that the diameter j in the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the thin tube 1 is the same. The locking portion 9 is an annular locking portion that protrudes radially inward.
On the other hand, the first portion 2' of the drive body 2 has a diameter b that is slightly smaller than the diameter a of this annular locking portion 9, and the second portion 2'' has a diameter that is larger than the diameter a and much smaller than the diameter j. Therefore, the drive body 2 accommodated in the accommodation chamber 8 is slidable in the axial direction of the thin tube 1, and the first portion 2' has a length (e) from the front end of the thin tube. -df), but will not protrude any further due to the engagement between the locking portion 9 and the second portion 2''.

In this way, the driver 2 moves at high speed due to the explosion of the gunpowder layer 3, but the rear part (second portion 2'') gets caught in the narrow part 9 of the capillary, so the driver 2 moves a certain distance from the tip of the capillary. The structure is such that it stops when it pops out.The rear end of the thin tube body 1 is closed with a filler 6 to prevent the gas generated by the explosion of the gunpowder layer 3 from escaping, and in the event of an explosion, the drive body 2
Since the second portion 2'' closes the front opening of the capillary body, the explosive gas will not leak to the outside.
A gap 7 is provided between the driving body and the explosives,
This is to prevent the driving body 2 from being destroyed due to the explosion of the explosive layer 3, and may be omitted as long as the driving body 2 is robust and depending on the type of explosive used. Moreover, depending on the type of explosive, the ignition part 4 may not be particularly provided, and may have a structure in which direct electrical ignition is performed.

Explosives used in the stone crushing device of the present invention include black powder and smokeless gunpowder, which are usually used as propellants, as well as small amounts of explosives or detonators that do not cause shock waves to go outside, such as tricinate, etc.
Examples include DDNP or lead azide. It is also possible to use a mixture of organic compounds that can adjust the detonation speed of the detonator or increase the amount of gas generated.

The driving body 2 used in the present invention is preferably made of a durable material that will not be destroyed or deformed by the impact of an explosion or the impact when the tip collides with a hard stone. Suitable materials are generally iron, brass, stainless steel, and other alloys. Further, the shape of the driving body 2 can be appropriately selected depending on the shape, size, strength, etc. of the stone. For example, in Fig. 2, a collision part 12 with an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter of the capillary body 1 is attached to the narrow part of the tip of the driving body by screwing, etc., and the collision area against the stone increases, so it is slightly larger. Suitable for crushing flat stones. Also the third
The figure shows a structure in which a through hole 12' is provided in the center of the drive body 2 over the entire length from the tip to the rear end.
It is effectively used when the stone is large and it is determined that some gas may leak into the organ. That is, after the driving body collides with the stone, explosive gas is ejected through the through hole 12', increasing the crushing force.

Various shapes can be adopted for the internal shape of the thin tube 1 (the shape of the storage chamber) and the shape of the locking part 9 in the calculus crushing device of the present invention. It can be of any shape as long as it can be ejected by an explosion and there is no undesirable leakage of explosive gas.

Next, the present invention will be explained by examples.

Example 1 In the structure shown in Fig. 1, b is placed in a stainless steel tube 1 with an outer diameter of 3 mm, an inner diameter j of 2 mm, and a length of 20 mm, with the tip a narrowed to 1.5 mm and d narrowed to 2 mm. 1.4
Insert a brass drive body 2 with mm and c of 1.95mm, e of 9mm, and f of 2mm, and use it as the driving gunpowder 3.
8mg mixture of 95% DDNP and 5% nitrocellulose
is placed at the rear of the ignition part 4, and the ignition part 4 is brought into contact with it.
The leg wire 5 was led out from the rear end of the stainless steel tube, and the rear end opening 6 of the stainless steel tube was closed with epoxy resin.

Next, in the device thus formed, the tip of the stainless steel tube was placed into a pig's bladder filled with water to create an artificial stone made primarily of gypsum, with a diameter of 23 mm and a compressive strength of 130 kg/cm ² . When the gunpowder was exploded by energizing the leg wire, the driving body stopped 5 mm beyond the tip of the stainless steel tube, and the artificial stone was broken into five small pieces. No damage was observed to the pig's bladder at that time.

Example 2 In the above Example 1, the drive body 2 has the shape shown in FIG. 2, b is 1.4 mm, c is 1.95 mm, and e is 9 mm.
A stone crushing device having the same structure as in Example 1 was used, except that a brass device having mm, f of 2 mm, h of 3 mm, and g of 1.5 mm was used.
When attempting to crush an artificial stone using the same method, the diameter
We were able to crush a 26mm artificial stone into 6 small pieces. Note that no damage was observed in the pig's bladder.

Example 3 In the above Example 1, the drive body 2 has the shape shown in FIG. 3 (b is 1.4 mm, c is 1.95 mm, e is 9 mm,
An attempt was made to crush an artificial stone using the same method as in Example 1, except that a brass one with f2mm and i0.7mm was used.
It was possible to crush it into 10 small pieces. Note that no damage was observed in the pig's bladder.

Example 4 In the structure shown in Fig. 1 above, the tip a is 1.1 mm,
b1.0mm, c1.45 in stainless steel pipe 1 with outer diameter 2mm, inner diameter 1.5mm, and length 14mm with d narrowed to 2mm.
Insert the driving body 2 made of mmmm, e7mm, and f1mm stainless steel tubes, and add 3 mg of tricinate as the driving explosives 3.
was placed at the rear of the stainless steel tube, a platinum bridge welded to the tip of the leg wire 5 was brought into contact with it, the leg wire was led out from the rear end of the stainless steel tube, and the rear end opening 6 of the stainless steel tube was closed with epoxy resin.

Next, in the device formed in this way, the tip of the stainless steel tube was inserted into the porcine ureter, and a diameter of 9 mm was inserted.
When the gunpowder was exploded by applying electricity to the leg wire, the driving body stopped after protruding 4 mm from the tip of the stainless steel tube, and the stone was broken into six small pieces. No damage to the ureter was observed at that time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the stone crushing device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the drive body in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a further modification of the drive body. FIG. In the figure, 1 is a thin tube, 2 is a driver, 3 is a gunpowder layer, 4
The ignition means 6 is a closing body, 8 is a driving body housing chamber, and 9 is a closing body.
The figures indicate the locking parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Loading a layer of gunpowder and its ignition means into the rear part of a thin tube with an open front end and forming a driving body housing chamber inside the housing chamber, which can be inserted into an organ in which a stone is present; A locking portion is provided in the front portion, and a first portion having a shape that can penetrate the locking portion and protrude to the outside of the storage chamber and a shape that cannot penetrate the locking portion are provided in the housing chamber. A driving conductor consisting of a second portion having a shape capable of coming into close contact with the inner periphery of the thin tube is slidably housed, and the driving body is driven by the explosion of the explosive layer by the ignition means. A stone crushing device characterized in that only one portion can protrude outside the tubule.