JPS6130012B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a monitoring device for a furnace body in a continuous copper making furnace. The continuous copper making furnace consists of a smelting furnace 1 as shown in Figure 1.
It consists of a smelting furnace 2, and a blister producing furnace 3, and it continuously and consistently produces everything from copper concentrate to blister copper through a series of smelting and smelting processes. These continuous copper furnaces are attracting attention as low-pollution, energy-saving copper furnaces that have simple equipment, low construction costs, produce exhaust gas with high SO ₂ concentration, and little smoke leakage. First, an example of a continuous copper making furnace will be briefly explained based on FIG. 1. In the smelting process shown in FIG. 1, the reaction product of the smelting furnace 1 is a mixture of melted raw materials mainly composed of ore and a solvent and fuel air suitably added to a ratio that meets preset reaction conditions. A predetermined supply amount per unit time is directly and continuously charged into a certain solution from the lance 4, and melted to produce gloss and copper. The generated 〓 is solidified and crushed, and this is sent to the smelting furnace 1.
is blown substantially continuously into the solution (indicated by arrow A in FIG. 1), and during repeated blowing (indicated by arrow A in FIG. 1), most of the copper contained therein is absorbed by the copper. Then, in the second separation step, the entire amount of the product from the smelting step is sent to the smelting furnace 2, where the electrodes 5 are used to heat and keep the sinter and selvedge warm, and they are separated based on the difference in specific gravity. Furthermore, in the third smelting process, the slag from the separation process is continuously sent to the blister copper manufacturing furnace 3, where
Air, a solvent, and a refrigerant are suitably mixed and charged from the lance 6, and copper and the above-mentioned process are continuously produced by the oxidation reaction of the iron and sulfur content in the lance. Incidentally, the lancing mechanism, which is one of the features of the continuous copper making furnace, is used in the melting furnace 1 to transport ore, smelt, fuel, etc. through the lance 4 inserted vertically into the furnace from the ceiling surface of the furnace. with about
By blowing into the melt at a high speed of 150 m/s, it melts instantly, resulting in advantages such as high reaction efficiency, low fuel consumption, downsizing of the furnace, and high SO ₂ concentration exhaust gas. In recent years, the durability of continuous copper furnaces has been greatly improved by installing water-cooled jackets, and the condition of refractories, jackets, etc. can be monitored by monitoring the temperature, expansion, etc. of the furnace body materials. It is now possible to quickly catch the fire and prevent troubles caused by abnormalities, and also to prevent the contraction and expansion of the furnace body from occurring normally when the temperature rises after furnace repair or during regular boiler inspections. It has also become possible to grasp important points such as whether the robot is moving or not, and whether local heating is occurring due to a fire. Conventionally, such monitoring of the furnace body has been carried out using multi-point temperature recorders or indicators, and these temperature recorders and indicators are connected to the melting furnace and the smelting furnace.
It simply recorded and displayed the measurement results at multiple locations on the furnace body and the furnace body of the blister copper manufacturing furnace. Therefore, it was difficult to determine the relationship between the conditions of the three furnace bodies from the measurement results. By the way, since a continuous copper making furnace performs a series of functions through the cooperation of three furnace bodies, the lives of these three furnace bodies must be balanced so that those with short lives match those with long lives. It is necessary to take In addition, it is necessary that these three furnace bodies operate smoothly without any trouble, and when trouble is likely to occur, it is necessary to promptly deal with it and prevent trouble from occurring. In this point,
It could not be said that the above measurement results were necessarily used effectively. In addition to this, the following problems arose. As the number of measurement points increases, thermocouples must be connected in parallel, reducing the reliability of temperature data. Adding or changing measurement points is complicated. The number of signal cables increases, making maintenance difficult. Alarm settings cannot be made individually. Since the records are only left on the chart, statistical processing is difficult. This invention was made in consideration of the various circumstances mentioned above, and it is possible to measure signals such as temperature and amount of thermal expansion at multiple points in each of the furnace bodies of a melting furnace, a smelting furnace, and a blister manufacturing furnace at one point. and store it there,
The stored data can be selectively displayed as appropriate, and the amount of heat dissipated from the furnace body can be determined from the cooling water temperature, and the stress applied to the furnace wall can be calculated from the amount of expansion of the furnace body. 3
It is possible to compare the conditions of two furnace bodies and understand the relationship between the three, and it is also possible to understand the state of wear and tear on the furnace wall in more detail from the amount of heat dissipated by the furnace body. The condition of the furnace walls can be known in detail, and from this, it is possible to balance the lives of the three furnace bodies by matching the one with the shortest lifespan to the one with the longest lifespan. By making it easier to operate the furnaces, quickly dealing with problems that are likely to occur in each furnace, and preventing problems from occurring, we are able to keep the three furnaces running smoothly and in a well-balanced manner. Moreover, by transmitting measurement signals from multiple locations to one location via a common two-wire transmission path, it is extremely advantageous in terms of maintenance, and the above-mentioned conventional maintenance problems can be solved at once. The present invention provides a monitoring device for a furnace body in a continuous copper making furnace. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9. FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of this device, in which 7 is a CC thermocouple, 8 is a CA thermocouple, and 9 is a displacement sensor. The displacement sensor 9 converts the amount of mechanical displacement into an electrical signal, and in this embodiment, a potentiometer as shown in FIG. 3 is used as the displacement sensor 9. This potentiometer uses the same principle as a variable resistor.
0 moves, the point of contact with the resistance wire 11 moves, and its resistance changes. Incidentally, as such a displacement sensor 9, it is also possible to employ a differential transformer as shown in FIG. 4, for example. This differential transformer has a primary coil 12 and a secondary coil 1.
3, and a movable core 14 that magnetically couples the primary coil 12 and the secondary coil 13. The displacement is determined from the induced electromotive force of the coil 13. These thermocouples 7, 8 and displacement sensor 9
A large number of smelting furnaces 1, 2, and blister producing furnaces 3 are installed at appropriate positions on the respective furnace bodies. In this example, these installation locations,
In other words, the measurement points for temperature and displacement were determined as shown in the table below.

[Table] The measurement points in the above table are briefly explained below. In the hearth temperature column, on the stamp is the fifth
Point P ₁ on the upper surface of the stamp layer 16 below the hearth 15 as shown in the figure, below the stamp is the stamp layer 1
Point _P2 on the bottom surface of 6 appears. Daki brick temperature is hearth 1
5 and the side wall 17, and the B and L jacket temperatures are the temperatures of the water cooling jacket located at the hot water level (bath line) in the furnace. In the column of ceiling temperature, below the jacket means:
The lower surface of the water-cooled jacket located on the ceiling of the furnace, the jacket top, is the upper surface of the water-cooled jacket. The side wall jacket cooling water discharge temperature refers to the temperature of the cooling water discharged from the water cooling jacket provided on the side wall of the furnace after heat absorption, and the ceiling jacket cooling water discharge temperature refers to the temperature of the cooling water discharged from the water cooling jacket provided on the ceiling of the furnace. This is the cooling water temperature after heat absorption. Other jacket cooling water drainage temperature is the temperature of cooling water after heat absorption discharged from a water cooling jacket provided in a place other than the side wall and ceiling of the furnace, such as a gutter connecting the furnaces. In the column of hearth cooling air, the inlet temperature is the temperature at the inlet of the air that cools the hearth, and the outlet temperature is the temperature at the outlet of the air after cooling the hearth. In the column of expansion amount, "daki brick" means "daki brick 18" as shown in Figure 5.
It is the amount of change in the distance ₁ between the outer shell shell 19, that is, the amount of expansion of the daki brick 18, and
The term "shell shell" refers to the amount of change in the distance ₂ between the shell shell 19 and its external fixed position _P3 , that is, the amount of expansion of the shell shell 19. These expansion amounts are measured by the displacement sensor 9. Also,
The jacket cooling water supply temperature is for each furnace 1, 2, and 3.
In this example, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the water-cooled jackets of each furnace 1, 2, and 3 is the same, and the temperature is measured at one point. In this way, in this example, there are a total of 283 measurement points for temperature and displacement. A large number of thermocouples 7, 8 at these measurement points,
A first, second, and third sensor group and a displacement sensor 9 are provided for each furnace 1, 2, and 3. In each of these sensor groups, thermocouple 7,
A predetermined number of displacement sensors 8 and 9 are connected to multiplexers 20, and each of these multiplexers 20 is connected to a common two-wire transmission line 21.
It is connected to a central controller 22 in the control room R, which will be described later. The central controller 22 sequentially inputs the detection signals of the sensors connected to each multiplexer 20 from the common two-wire transmission line 21 in a predetermined order. Therefore, the multiplexer 20 has an input switching function that scans the sensors connected thereto in a predetermined order, and the central controller 22 calls each multiplexer 20 in a predetermined order. A multiplexer 20 sequentially digitizes the detection signals of the sensors connected thereto and transmits them to a central controller 22 from a two-wire transmission line 21 in the form of a communication code. Therefore, in this example, three furnaces 1, 2,
Temperature and displacement detection signals from a total of 283 locations in 3 are supplied to the central controller 22 in a predetermined order through a common 2-wire transmission line 21, and this process is repeated. In this way, detection signals from a very large number of measurement points, 283 in total, are transmitted to the central controller 22 in the control room R using only two transmission lines 21. This is extremely advantageous in terms of wiring for the transmission line 21 and its maintenance, and also facilitates the addition of measurement points. The central controller 22 requests the transmission of each multiplexer 20 as described above and sends the received data to the alarm indicator 23. This alarm indicator 2
3 displays alarm judgment for each multiplexer 20. Further, the data received by the central controller 22 is transferred from the computer coupler 24 to the computer main body 25.
sent to. The computer main body 25 stores data input from an input port 26 in a data memory 28 by means of a central control section 27. that time,
The input data is stored in storage areas assigned to each of the thermocouples 7 and 8 and the displacement sensor 9, respectively. Central control unit 2
7 consists of a CPU and a program memory in which programs used by this CPU are stored. This central control unit 27 controls each furnace 1,
The data input from sensors 2 and 3 are analyzed in various ways, and the results are sent via port 29.
It is supplied to a CRT display 30 and a printer 31. In addition, such a computer body 25
stores the stored data on an external magnetic disk 3 as appropriate.
2. Note that 33 in FIG. 2 is a battery unit. Next, specific functions of the central control section 27 will be explained. First, the central control unit 24 controls the display 30
The printer 31 has a function of displaying a display for monitoring measured values, and a function of causing the printer 31 to print a daily report. The former display function is to display numerical values measured by the sensors of each furnace 1, 2, and 3 on the screen of the display 30 for each furnace 1, 2, and 3.
These numerical values are updated at predetermined intervals (for example, every 6 minutes). When these values reach the warning set value, the values are displayed in red, and when they reach an even higher alarm set value, a buzzer sounds. On the other hand, the latter print function is for automatically hard copying the display screen of the display 30 to the printer 31 periodically as a daily report. Second, the central control unit 27 has a function of displaying on the display 30 a graph of past changes in measured values of any sensor over time upon request for monitoring purposes by the operating operator. FIG. 6 shows a display example of the change in hearth temperature over time in the blister copper manufacturing furnace 3. In the figure, time is plotted on the horizontal axis and temperature is plotted on the vertical axis. The time is taken as the past 38 hours, and up to the past 2 hours, data is taken every 6 minutes in detail, and after that, data is taken coarsely every 1 hour.
The time represented by the unit scale of this time axis is the past 2
The period up to the time is set to be short, and the period before that is set to be long. In this way, in this example, the time represented by the unit scale on the time axis differs in two steps. It is also possible to graph the data of the required time at required intervals. As an example, FIG. 7 shows a display example of the change over time in the hearth temperature in the melting furnace 1 after the monitoring system is started up. In this figure, data is collected every day for the last 20 days, and every 4 days before that, and the time axis on the right side of the vertical line L in the graph is short, with one division per day, and the time axis on the left side is is set as long as 4 days per division. By the way, in a continuous copper making furnace, the temperature detected by each sensor usually changes relatively slowly, but when an abnormality occurs, it changes relatively rapidly. Therefore, it is better to collect data at small time intervals in a time domain close to the current time, and there is no need to monitor particularly detailed temperature changes in the past beyond a certain point. In this respect, as mentioned above, the time axis of the graph should be set such that the time represented by the unit scale is shortened for recent minutes to eliminate detailed data, while the time represented by the unit scale is lengthened for earlier minutes. Collecting coarse data means that it represents continuous temperature changes over a long period of time within the limited length of the time axis of the graph, and also represents a time domain close to the point in time. In this case, it represents a particularly fine temperature change.
This provides the advantage that temperature changes in the furnace body can be monitored very appropriately. The central control unit 27 is equipped with the following means to realize the second display function. That is, the central control section 27 has a time axis setting section and a graph conversion section, and the time axis setting section divides the time axis of the graph to be displayed into predetermined ranges, and converts each divided range into The time represented by the unit scale is set differently. The graph converter displays the stored data in the memory 28 and the stored data in the external magnetic disk 32 in a graph on the display 30 based on the time axis thus set. Note that in the display example of the graph described above, the time represented by the unit scale on the time axis differs in two steps, but it may be changed in three or more steps. Further, it is also possible to gradually set the time represented by the unit scale of the time axis to be longer in a stepless manner as one goes back in time. Setting of such a time axis is carried out by the above-mentioned time axis setting section. Next, the third function of the central control section 27 will be explained. This third function is a function for selectively showing the installation locations of sensors in each furnace 1, 2, and 3 on the display 30. Figure 8 shows the furnace 2.
An illustrated example of the measurement points of the water-cooled jacket's drainage temperature is shown below. In this example, on the screen showing the design of the furnace 2, the cooling water flow paths corresponding to the locations where the temperature of the water-cooling jacket is measured are selectively displayed in color. In the illustrated state, water flows from a portion corresponding to the shaded area in the many water supply ports B, through a water cooling jacket corresponding to the shaded area in the design of the furnace 2, and then to a portion corresponding to the shaded area in the many drain ports C. A series of cooling water flow paths leading to the point where the The display contents are selected by the operator when an abnormality is recognized in the cooling water drain temperature of the water cooling jacket from the display contents of the display 30 by the first display function of the central control unit 27 described above. For example, this can be done by specifying a number marked for each sensor using a keyboard or the like. By the way, controlling the cooling water drainage temperature of the water-cooling jacket is extremely important in order to early detect damage to the water-cooling jacket or the surrounding bricks, as well as to know whether an appropriate amount of cooling water is being secured. If an abnormality occurs in these measured values, the ability for the operator to immediately know the location of the water cooling jacket, water supply and drainage piping, and valves is extremely advantageous in taking prompt safety measures. It is. The central control unit 27 is equipped with the following means to realize the third display function. That is, the central control unit 27 has a selection unit and a display control unit, and the selection unit selects the diagram corresponding to the sensor arrangement location to be displayed based on instructions from the keyboard or the like described above. It is. The display control section searches for a diagram corresponding to the sensor arrangement location selected by the selection section and causes the display 30 to identify and display the diagram. The sensor selected by the selection section is one that is found to be abnormal based on the display content of the display 30 by the first display function of the central control section 27 described above. Therefore,
The first display function of the central control unit 27 can be said to function as a detection means for detecting an abnormality in the detection signal of the sensor. In addition, although the illustrated example mentioned above is about the smelting furnace 2, the smelting furnace 1 and the blister copper manufacturing furnace 3 can also be illustrated in the same way. In addition to displaying the water-cooling jacket drainage temperature, it is also possible to selectively display diagrams relating to other measurement points in correspondence with the sensor at the measurement point.
Further, the selection section in the central control section 27 may be a selection section that receives a signal from the detection means that detects an abnormality in the detection signal of the sensor and automatically selects the sensor in which the abnormality has been detected. It is possible. Next, the fourth function of the central control section 27 will be explained. This fourth function calculates the amount of heat absorbed from the amount of cooling water flowing into the water cooling jacket and the continuously measured drainage temperature of each water cooling jacket, and calculates the amount of heat absorbed by the furnace body 1,
The amount of heat dissipated in each part of 2 and 3 is displayed on the display 30.
This function allows the printer 31 to print out the information. FIG. 9 shows a display example of endothermic changes of the water cooling jacket in the smelting furnace 1. In this display example, curve D is the change in the heat absorption amount of the side wall jacket, curve E is the change in the heat absorption amount of the ceiling jacket, and curve F is,
Curve G represents the change in the heat absorption amount of the total of the side wall jacket and the ceiling jacket, and the curve G represents the change in the heat absorption amount of all the jackets in the smelting furnace 1 including other water-cooled jackets provided in the gutter of the smelting furnace 1. Incidentally, changes in the amount of heat dissipated from the furnace body reflect the wear and tear of the bricks. Therefore, by continuously measuring the amount of heat dissipated in the furnace body, it is possible to know the condition of the bricks in the furnace. Next, the fifth function of the central control section 27 will be explained. This fifth function analyzes various expansion amounts of the dowel bricks 18 and the shell shell 19 continuously detected by the displacement sensor 9, and detects, for example, changes in the remaining thickness of the expansion absorbing material in the dowel part of the furnace body. This function calculates changes in stress applied to the shell from the expansion-absorbing material compression characteristic curve and graphs of the change curves, and displays these results on the display 30 as a graph and prints them out on the printer 31. As mentioned above, the central control unit 27 in this example
has the first to fifth functions. In addition, it is also possible to provide the central control unit 27 with the following functions. Determine when to clean the heat exchanger based on the cooling water supply and drainage temperature of the water cooling jacket. The state of wear and tear of the bricks directly under the lance is estimated from the hearth temperature, and the lance arrangement and timing are determined. When the cooling seawater in the cooling water heat exchanger of the water-cooled jacket is stopped due to some trouble, the new charge amount of industrial water for cooling is adjusted from the drainage temperature of the water-cooled jacket. The remaining status of the bricks in the furnace is determined based on the temperature of each brick, the amount of heat dissipated, etc., and materials are created for determining the next furnace repair period. Based on the expansion measurement results, the time to replace the expansion absorber is estimated. In addition, various data for furnace operation analysis will be collected. In addition, by further developing this monitoring device, we have developed a system that provides direct feedback of measurement data to the copper manufacturing process to perform active control and provide more specific operational management information to on-site operators. It is also possible to do so. In this way, the monitoring device for the furnace body in this continuous copper making furnace is capable of transmitting temperature measurement signals at multiple points on each of the furnace bodies of the melting furnace 1, the smelting furnace 2, and the blister producing furnace 3 at one point. The data is transmitted to the furnace and stored there, and when the data shows an abnormal value, the location of the sensor corresponding to that data can be clearly displayed on the furnace diagram. Abnormal parts of the body can be easily identified at a glance. In addition, regarding this monitoring device,
Since the amount of heat dissipated in the furnace body can be easily determined based on the data measured by the cooling water temperature sensor, wear and tear on the furnace wall bricks can be measured more accurately than when simply measuring the temperature of the furnace wall. can be grasped. Furthermore, with this monitoring device, the amount of expansion of the furnace body is measured by the displacement sensor, and the stress applied to the furnace wall can be determined from this value, so the condition of the furnace wall can be determined simply from the temperature of the furnace wall. Compared to the case of guessing, it is possible to know the condition of the furnace wall directly. Therefore, by quickly and accurately knowing the state of the furnace body, it is possible to promptly take measures such as adjustment and repair for abnormalities in each furnace. As a result, in a continuous copper making furnace, which can only perform a series of functions through the cooperation of three furnaces, the short lifespan of the three furnace bodies is adjusted to match the long lifespan. By striking a balance between the
By preventing troubles from occurring, the three furnaces can be operated smoothly and in a well-balanced manner. As explained above, the furnace body monitoring device according to the present invention collects measurement signals such as temperature and amount of thermal expansion from multiple locations in each of the furnace bodies of a melting furnace, a smelting furnace, and a blister producing furnace at one location. transmit and store there,
The stored data can be selectively displayed as appropriate, and the amount of heat dissipated from the furnace body can be determined from the cooling water temperature, and the stress applied to the furnace wall can be calculated from the amount of expansion of the furnace body. It is possible to compare the conditions of two furnace bodies and understand the relationship between the three, and it is also possible to know the state of wear and tear of the furnace wall in more detail from the amount of heat dissipated by the furnace body, and it is also possible to directly measure The condition of the furnace wall can be known in detail, and from this, it is possible to balance the lives of the three furnace bodies by matching the one with the shortest lifespan to the one with the longest lifespan. Make it easy to move your body,
By quickly dealing with problems that are likely to occur in each furnace and preventing them from occurring, it is possible to operate the three furnaces smoothly and in a well-balanced manner. Since the signal is transmitted to one location via a two-wire transmission line, it is extremely advantageous in terms of maintenance. In addition, there are the following effects. It is possible to measure a large number of locations using one central controller. Easy to connect to a computer. It can be set to issue an alarm after each measurement. It is easy to add or change measurement points. It can handle various inputs. Construction period is short.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a continuous copper making furnace, Figs. 2 to 9 show an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of this monitoring device, and Figs. 3 and 4 are 5 is a sectional view of a part of the furnace to explain the location of the sensor, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8,
and FIG. 9 are diagrams for explaining different display examples for monitoring the furnace body. 1... Furnace refining furnace, 2... Refining furnace, 3... Blister manufacturing furnace, 7... C-C thermocouple, 8... C-A thermocouple,
20...multiplexer, 21...2-wire transmission line, 2
2... central controller, 25... computer main body,
26...Input port, 27...Central control unit, 28
...Memory, 29...Port, 30...Display.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a continuous copper making furnace in which a melting furnace, a smelting furnace, and a blister producing furnace are connected, first, second, and third furnace body temperature sensor groups are installed at appropriate positions in each of the three furnace bodies; First, second, and third cooling water temperature sensor groups that measure the supply water temperature and drainage temperature of the cooling water of these three furnaces, and the first, second, and third cooling water temperature sensor groups that measure the amount of expansion of the three furnace walls. a third displacement sensor group, and a sensor switching means that sequentially switches individual detection signals of each of the furnace body temperature sensor group, cooling water temperature sensor group, and displacement sensor group and supplies them to the two-wire transmission line;
A storage section stores the detection signals of each sensor supplied from the two-wire transmission line in a storage area assigned to each sensor group, and the data in this storage section is appropriately selected and used for the melting furnace, smelting furnace, and blister. a control section that displays the status of the manufacturing furnace on a display section; a dissipated heat amount calculation display section that calculates the dissipated heat amount of the furnace body from the temperature measured by the cooling water temperature sensor and displays it on the display section; A monitoring device for a furnace body in a continuous copper making furnace, comprising a stress calculation display unit that calculates stress applied to the furnace body from the amount of expansion measured by the amount sensor and displays the calculated stress on the display unit. .