JPS6130011B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a monitoring device for a furnace body in a continuous copper making furnace. The continuous copper making furnace consists of a smelting furnace 1 as shown in Figure 1.
It consists of a smelting furnace 2, and a blister manufacturing furnace 3, and through a series of smelting, separation, and smelting steps,
The plant produces everything from copper concentrate to blister copper in a continuous and integrated manner. These continuous copper furnaces are attracting attention as low-pollution, energy-saving copper furnaces that have simple equipment, low construction costs, produce exhaust gas with high SO ₂ concentration, and little smoke leakage. First, an example of a continuous copper making furnace will be briefly explained based on FIG. 1. In the first smelting process, fuel air is appropriately mixed with melted raw materials mainly composed of ore and a solvent to a proportion that meets preset reaction conditions.
A predetermined supply amount per unit time is directly and continuously charged into the solution which is the reaction product of the smelting furnace 1 from the lance 4, and is melted to produce gloss and 〓, and at this time, In the subsequent process, the blister copper produced in the furnace 3 is solidified and pulverized, and this is substantially continuously blown into the melt in the smelting furnace 1 (indicated by arrow A in FIG. 1), and the process is repeated. 〓 Most of the copper contained therein is absorbed by the glue. Then, in the second separation step, the entire amount of the product in the smelting step is smelted.
It is sent to a furnace 2, where it is heated and kept warm using an electrode 5, and is separated by the difference in specific gravity.
Furthermore, in the third smelting process, the steel from the separation process is continuously sent to the blister copper manufacturing furnace 3, where air, solvent, and coolant are appropriately mixed and charged from the lance 6, and the iron in the steel is Copper and the above-mentioned repeating process are continuously produced by the oxidation reaction of the sulfur content. Incidentally, the lancing mechanism, which is one of the features of the continuous copper making furnace, is used in the melting furnace 1 to transport ore, smelt, fuel, etc. through the lance 4 inserted vertically into the furnace from the ceiling surface of the furnace. with about
By blowing into the melt at a high speed of 150 m/s, it melts instantly, providing advantages such as high reaction efficiency, low fuel consumption, downsizing of the furnace, and high SO ₂ concentration exhaust gas. In recent years, continuous copper making furnaces have been equipped with water-cooled jackets, which have greatly improved the durability of the furnace bodies, and by monitoring the temperature, expansion, etc. of the furnace body materials, the condition of the refractories, jackets, etc. can be checked. It is now possible to quickly catch the fire and prevent troubles caused by abnormalities, and also to prevent the contraction and expansion of the furnace body from occurring normally when the temperature rises after furnace repair or during regular boiler inspections. It has also become possible to grasp important points such as whether the robot is moving in the right direction and whether local heating is occurring due to a fire. Conventionally, such monitoring of the furnace body has been carried out using multi-point temperature recorders or indicators, and these temperature recorders and indicators are connected to the melting furnace and the smelting furnace.
It simply recorded and displayed the measurement results at multiple locations on the furnace body and the furnace body of the blister copper manufacturing furnace. Therefore, it was difficult to determine the relationship between the conditions of the three furnace bodies from the measurement results. By the way, since a continuous copper making furnace performs a series of functions through the cooperation of three furnace bodies, the lives of these three furnace bodies must be balanced so that those with short lives match those with long lives. It is necessary to take In addition, it is necessary for these three furnace bodies to operate smoothly without any trouble, and when trouble is likely to occur, to promptly deal with it and prevent trouble from occurring. In this respect, the measurement results have not necessarily been effectively utilized. This invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it transmits temperature measurement signals from multiple locations on each of the furnace bodies of a melting furnace, a smelting furnace, and a blister producing furnace to one location and stores them there. , and when the data shows an abnormal value, the location of the sensor corresponding to that data can be clearly displayed on the diagram of the furnace, and the amount of heat dissipated from the furnace body can be calculated from the cooling water temperature. By making it possible to calculate the stress applied to the furnace wall from the amount of expansion of the furnace body, it is possible to selectively and quickly inform the location of numerous temperature sensors in the three furnace bodies, and also to calculate the stress applied to the furnace wall from the amount of expansion of the furnace body. The state of wear and tear on the furnace wall can be determined in more detail from the amount of heat dissipated by the furnace wall, and the condition of the furnace wall can also be determined directly from the stress applied to the wall, making it possible to quickly take safety measures in the event of an abnormality. This allows the three furnace bodies to be operated in such a way that the one with the shortest lifespan is matched with the one with the longest lifespan to balance the lifespans of the three furnace bodies. The present invention provides a monitoring device for a furnace body in a continuous copper making furnace, which can operate three furnaces smoothly and in a well-balanced manner by dealing with the problems and preventing troubles from occurring. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9. FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of this device, in which 7 is a CC thermocouple, 8 is a CA thermocouple, and 9 is a displacement sensor. The displacement sensor 9 converts the amount of mechanical displacement into an electrical signal, and in this embodiment, a potentiometer as shown in FIG. 3 is used as the displacement sensor 9. This potentiometer uses the same principle as a variable resistor, and has a measuring point 10
As the resistance wire 11 moves, the contact point with the resistance wire 11 moves and its resistance changes. Incidentally, as such a displacement sensor 9, it is also possible to employ, for example, a differential transformer as shown in FIG. This differential transformer includes a cylindrical coil in which a primary coil 12 and a secondary coil 13 are arranged, and
and a movable core 14 that magnetically couples the secondary coil 13, and the displacement is determined from the induced electromotive force of the secondary coil 13 when the movable core 14 moves together with the probe. These thermocouples 7, 8 and displacement sensor 9
In this embodiment, a large number of the above-mentioned smelting furnace 1, smelting furnace 2, and blister copper manufacturing furnace 3 are installed at appropriate locations on the respective furnace bodies. It is defined as shown in the table.

[Table] The measurement points in the above table are briefly explained below. In the hearth temperature column, on the stamp is the fifth
Point P ₁ on the upper surface of the stamp layer 16 below the hearth 15 as shown in the figure, below the stamp is the stamp layer 1
This is point _P2 on the bottom surface of 6. The porcelain brick temperature is the temperature of the porcelain brick 18 located between the hearth 15 and the side wall 17, and the B and L jacket temperatures are the temperatures of the water cooling jackets located at the hot water level (bath line) in the furnace. . In the ceiling temperature column, "under the jacket" refers to the bottom surface of the water cooling jacket located on the ceiling of the furnace.
The jacket top is the top surface of the water cooling jacket. The side wall jacket cooling water discharge temperature refers to the temperature of the cooling water discharged from the water cooling jacket provided on the side wall of the furnace after heat absorption, and the ceiling jacket cooling water discharge temperature refers to the temperature of the cooling water discharged from the water cooling jacket provided on the ceiling of the furnace. This is the cooling water temperature after heat absorption. Other jacket cooling water drainage temperature is the temperature of cooling water after heat absorption discharged from a water cooling jacket provided in a place other than the side wall and ceiling of the furnace, such as a gutter connecting the furnaces. The inlet temperature in the column of hearth cooling air is the temperature at the inlet of the air that cools the hearth, and the outlet temperature is the temperature at the outlet of the air after cooling the hearth. In the column of expansion amount, "daki brick" means "daki brick 1" as shown in Figure 5.
8 and the outer shell shell 19, that is, the _amount of expansion of the daki brick 18. Also, the shell shell is the difference between the shell shell 19 and its external regular position _P3 . This is the amount of change in the interval ₂ , that is, the amount of expansion of the shell shell 19. These expansion amounts are measured by the displacement sensor 9. In addition, the jacket cooling water supply temperature means each furnace 1,
The temperature of the cooling water supplied to the water-cooled jackets of Furnaces 1, 2, and 3 is the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the water-cooled jackets of Furnaces 1, 2, and 3. ing. In this way, in this example, there are a total of 283 measurement points for temperature and displacement. A large number of thermocouples 7, 8 at these measurement points,
The displacement sensors 9 are provided as first, second, and third sensor groups for each furnace 1, 2, and 3. In each of these sensor groups, thermocouple 7,
A predetermined number of displacement sensors 8 and 9 are connected to multiplexers 20, and each of these multiplexers 20 is connected to a common two-wire transmission line 21.
It is connected to a central controller 22 in the control room R, which will be described later. The central controller 22 sequentially inputs the detection signals of the sensors connected to each multiplexer 20 from the common two-wire transmission line 21 in a predetermined order. Therefore, the multiplexer 20 has an input switching function that scans the sensors connected thereto in a predetermined order, and the central controller 22 calls each multiplexer 20 in a predetermined order.
The called multiplexer 20 sequentially digitizes the detected signals of the sensors connected thereto and converts them into digital signals in the form of a communication code.
The data is transmitted to a central controller 22 from a line transmission line 21. Therefore, in this example, three furnaces 1, 2,
Temperature and displacement detection signals from a total of 283 locations in 3 are supplied to the central controller 22 in a predetermined order through a common 2-wire transmission line 21, and this process is repeated. In this way, detection signals from an extremely large number of measuring points, 283 in total, are transmitted to the central controller 22 in the control room R using only two transmission lines 21. This is extremely advantageous in terms of wiring for the transmission path 21 and its maintenance, and also facilitates the addition of measurement points. The central controller 22 requests the transmission of each multiplexer 20 as described above and sends the received data to the alarm indicator 23. This alarm indicator 2
3 displays alarm judgment for each multiplexer 20. Further, the data received by the central controller 22 is transferred from the computer coupler 24 to the computer main body 25.
sent to. This computer main body 25 transmits data input from an input port 26 to a central control unit 27.
The data is stored in the data memory 28 by. At this time, the input data is stored in storage areas allocated to each of the thermocouples 7 and 8 and the displacement sensor 9, respectively. Central control unit 2
7 consists of a CPU and a program memory in which programs used by this CPU are stored. This central control unit 27 controls each furnace 1,
The data input from sensors 2 and 3 are analyzed in various ways, and the results are sent via port 29.
It is supplied to a CRT display 30 and a printer 31. In addition, such a computer body 25
stores the stored data on an external magnetic disk 3 as appropriate.
2. Note that 33 in FIG. 2 is a battery unit. Next, specific functions of the central control section 27 will be explained. First, the central control unit 27 controls the display 30
The printer 31 has a function of displaying a display for monitoring measured values, and a function of causing the printer 31 to print a daily report. The former display function is for displaying numerical values measured by the sensors of each furnace 1, 2, and 3 on the screen of the display 30 for each furnace 1, 2, and 3. These numerical values are updated at predetermined intervals (for example, every 6 minutes). When these values reach the warning set value, the value is identified and displayed in red, and when the alarm value reaches an even higher alarm value, a buzzer sounds. on the other hand,
The latter print function automatically prints the display screen of the display 30 as a daily report to the printer 31.
This is a hard copy. Second, the central control unit 27 has a function of displaying on the display 30 a graph of past changes in measured values of any sensor over time upon request for monitoring purposes by the operating operator. FIG. 6 shows an example of display of changes in hearth temperature over time in the blister copper manufacturing furnace 3. In the figure, time is plotted on the horizontal axis and temperature is plotted on the vertical axis. The time axis is the past 38 hours, and up to the past 2 hours, data is collected every 6 minutes.
Before that, hourly data is roughly collected, and the time represented by the unit scale of this time axis is short for the past two hours, and long for the past two hours. In this way, in this example, the time represented by the unit scale on the time axis differs in two steps. It is also possible to graph the data of the required time at required intervals. As an example, the seventh
The figure shows melting furnace 1 after starting up this monitoring system.
An example of displaying changes in hearth temperature over time is shown below. In this figure, each day for the last 20 days, and 4 times for the previous 20 days.
Data is collected daily, and the vertical line L in the graph
The time axis on the right side is set to be short, 1 day per division, and the time axis on the left thereof is set to be long, 4 days per division. By the way, in a continuous copper making furnace, the temperature detected by each sensor usually changes relatively slowly, but when an abnormality occurs, it changes relatively rapidly. Therefore, it is better to collect data at small time intervals in a time domain close to the current time, and there is no need to monitor particularly detailed temperature changes in the past beyond a certain point. In this respect, as mentioned above, the time axis of the graph is set such that the time represented by the unit scale is shortened for recent minutes to obtain detailed data, while the time represented by the unit scale is lengthened for the minutes before that. Collecting coarse data means that it represents continuous temperature changes over a long period of time within the limited time axis of the graph, and especially in the time domain close to the current time. It represents minute temperature changes. This provides the advantage that temperature changes in the furnace body can be monitored very appropriately. The central control unit 27 is equipped with the following means to realize the second display function. That is, the central control section 27 has a time axis setting section and a graph conversion section, and the time axis setting section divides the time axis of the graph to be displayed into predetermined ranges, and converts each divided range into The time represented by the unit scale is set differently. The graph converter displays the stored data in the memory 28 and the stored data in the external magnetic disk 32 in a graph on the display 30 based on the time axis thus set. Note that in the display example of the graph described above, the time represented by the unit scale on the time axis differs in two steps, but it may be changed in three or more steps. Further, it is also possible to gradually set the time represented by the unit scale of the time axis to be longer in a stepless manner as one goes back in time. The time axis setting section described above is responsible for setting the time axis. Next, the third function of the central control section 27 will be explained. This third function is a function for selectively showing the installation locations of sensors in each furnace 1, 2, and 3 on the display 30. Figure 8 shows the furnace 2.
An illustrated example of the measurement points of the water-cooled jacket's drainage temperature is shown below. In this example, on the screen showing the pattern of the smelting furnace 2, the cooling water flow paths corresponding to each of the locations where the temperature of the drained water of the water cooling jacket is measured are selectively displayed in color. In the illustrated state, water flows from a portion corresponding to the shaded area in the many water supply ports B, through a water cooling jacket corresponding to the shaded area in the design of the furnace 2, and then to a portion corresponding to the shaded area in the many drain ports C. A series of cooling water flow paths leading to the point where the The display contents are selected by the operator when an abnormality is recognized in the cooling water drain temperature of the water cooling jacket from the display contents of the display 30 by the first display function of the central control unit 27 described above. For example, this can be done by specifying a number marked for each sensor using a keyboard or the like. By the way, controlling the cooling water drainage temperature of the water-cooling jacket is extremely important in order to early detect damage to the water-cooling jacket or surrounding bricks, as well as to know whether an appropriate amount of cooling water is being secured. If an abnormality occurs in these measured values, the ability for the operator to immediately know the location of the water cooling jacket, water supply and drainage piping, and valves is extremely advantageous in taking prompt safety measures. be. The central control unit 27 is equipped with the following means to realize the third display function. That is, the central control unit 27 has a selection unit and a display control unit, and the selection unit selects the diagram corresponding to the sensor arrangement location to be displayed based on instructions from the keyboard or the like described above. It is. The display control section searches for a diagram corresponding to the sensor arrangement location selected by the selection section and causes the display 30 to identify and display the diagram. The sensor selected by the selection section is one that is found to be abnormal based on the display content of the display 30 by the first display function of the central control section 27 described above. Therefore,
The first display function of the central control unit 27 can be said to function as a detection means for detecting an abnormality in the detection signal of the sensor. Note that although the illustrated example described above is about the smelting furnace 2, the smelting furnace 1 and the blister producing furnace 3 can also be illustrated in the same way. Furthermore, in addition to displaying the water cooling jacket drainage temperature, it is also possible to selectively display diagrams relating to other measurement points in correspondence with the sensors at the measurement points. Further, the selection section in the central control section 27 may be a selection section that receives a signal from the detection means that detects an abnormality in the detection signal of the sensor and automatically selects the sensor in which the abnormality has been detected. It is possible. Next, the fourth function of the central control section 27 will be explained. This fourth function calculates the amount of heat absorbed from the amount of cooling water to the water cooling jacket and the continuously measured drainage temperature of each water cooling jacket, and calculates the heat dissipation for each part of the furnace body 1, 2, and 3. This function displays the amount of heat on the display 30 and prints it out on the printer 31. FIG. 9 shows a display example of endothermic changes in the water-cooled jacket in the smelting furnace 1. In this display example, curve D is the change in the heat absorption amount of the side wall jacket, curve E is the change in the heat absorption amount of the ceiling jacket, and curve F is
Curve G represents the change in the heat absorption amount of the total of the side wall jacket and the ceiling jacket, and the curve G represents the change in the heat absorption amount of all jackets in the smelting furnace 1 including other water-cooled jackets provided in the gutter of the smelting furnace 1. Incidentally, changes in the amount of heat dissipated from the furnace body reflect the wear and tear of the bricks. Therefore, by continuously measuring the amount of heat dissipated from the furnace body, it is possible to know the condition of the bricks in the furnace. Next, the fifth function of the central control section 27 will be explained. This fifth function analyzes various expansion amounts of the dowel bricks 18 and the shell shell 19 that are continuously detected by the displacement sensor 9, and determines, for example, changes in the remaining thickness of the expansion absorbing material in the dome part of the furnace body. This function determines changes in stress applied to the shell from the graph of the change curve and the compression characteristic curve of the expansion absorbent material, and displays these results on the display 30 as a graph and prints them out on the printer 31. As mentioned above, the central control unit 27 in this example
has the first to fifth functions. In addition, it is also possible to provide the central control unit 27 with the following functions. Determine when to clean the heat exchanger based on the cooling water supply and drainage temperature of the water cooling jacket. The state of wear and tear of the bricks directly under the lance is estimated from the hearth temperature, and the lance arrangement and timing are determined. When the cooling seawater in the cooling water heat exchanger of the water-cooled jacket is stopped due to some trouble, the new charge amount of industrial water for cooling is adjusted from the drainage temperature of the water-cooled jacket. The remaining status of the bricks in the furnace is determined based on the temperature of each brick, amount of heat dissipated, etc., and materials are created for determining the next furnace repair period. From the expansion measurement results, estimate the time to replace the expansion absorber. In addition, various data for furnace operation analysis will be collected. In addition, by further developing this monitoring device, we have developed a system that provides direct feedback of measurement data to the copper manufacturing process to perform active control and provide more specific operational management information to on-site operators. It is also possible to do so. In this way, the monitoring device for the furnace body in this continuous copper making furnace is capable of transmitting temperature measurement signals at multiple points on each of the furnace bodies of the furnace 1, the smelting furnace 2, and the blister producing furnace 3 into one. The data is transmitted to a location and stored there, and when the data shows an abnormal value, the location of the sensor corresponding to that data can be clearly displayed on the diagram of the furnace. Abnormal locations in the furnace body can be easily identified at a glance. In addition, regarding this monitoring device,
Since the amount of heat dissipated in the furnace body can be easily determined based on the data measured by the cooling water temperature sensor, wear and tear on the furnace wall bricks can be measured more accurately than when simply measuring the temperature of the furnace wall. can be grasped. Furthermore, with this monitoring device, the amount of expansion of the furnace body is measured using a displacement sensor, and the stress applied to the furnace wall can be determined from this value, so the condition of the furnace wall can be determined simply from the temperature of the furnace wall. The condition of the furnace wall can be known directly compared to the case of estimating the condition. Therefore, by quickly and accurately knowing the state of the furnace body, it is possible to promptly take measures such as adjustment and repair for abnormalities in each furnace. As a result, in a continuous copper making furnace that can only perform a series of functions through the cooperation of three furnaces, the short lifespan of the three furnace bodies is adjusted to match the long lifespan. By keeping the balance in mind, the overall lifespan can be improved, and if trouble is likely to occur in each furnace, it can be dealt with promptly.
By preventing trouble from occurring, the three furnaces can be operated smoothly and in a well-balanced manner. As explained above, the furnace body monitoring device according to the present invention transmits temperature measurement signals at multiple locations in each of the furnace bodies of a melting furnace, a smelting furnace, and a blister producing furnace into a single unit.
When the data shows an abnormal value, the location of the sensor corresponding to that data can be clearly displayed on the diagram of the furnace, and the cooling water Since the amount of heat dissipated from the furnace body can be determined from the temperature, and the stress applied to the furnace wall can be calculated from the amount of expansion of the furnace body, it is possible to quickly and selectively place numerous temperature sensors in the three furnace bodies. In addition, the state of wear and tear on the furnace wall can be known in more detail from the amount of heat dissipated by the furnace body, and the condition of the furnace wall can be directly determined from the stress applied to the furnace wall, making it possible to quickly take safety measures in the event of an abnormality. It is possible to operate the three furnace bodies in a way that balances the lifespan of the three furnace bodies by matching the one with the shortest lifespan to the one with the longest lifespan, and also to prevent problems from occurring in each furnace. By quickly responding to emergency situations and preventing trouble from occurring, the three furnaces can be operated smoothly and in a well-balanced manner.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a continuous copper making furnace, Figs. 2 to 9 show an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the main monitoring system, and Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively A principle diagram for explaining different examples of displacement sensors, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a part of the furnace for explaining the location of the sensor, FIGS. 6, 7, 8,
and FIG. 9 are diagrams for explaining different display examples for monitoring the furnace body. 1...Smelting furnace, 2...Smelting furnace, 3...Blured copper manufacturing furnace, 7...C-C thermocouple, 8...C-A thermocouple,
20...Multiplexer, 21...2-wire transmission line,
22...Central controller, 25...Computer main body, 26...Input port, 27...Central control unit,
28...Memory, 29...Port, 30...Display.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a continuous copper making furnace in which a melting furnace, a smelting furnace, and a blister producing furnace are connected, first, second, and third furnace body temperature sensor groups are installed at appropriate positions in each of the three furnace bodies; First, second, and third cooling water temperature sensor groups that measure the supply water temperature and drainage temperature of the cooling water of these three furnaces, and the first, second, and third cooling water temperature sensor groups that measure the amount of expansion of the three furnace walls. a third displacement sensor group, a sensor switching means that sequentially switches the detection signals of the individual sensors of each of the furnace body temperature sensor group, cooling water temperature sensor group, and displacement sensor group and supplies them to the two-wire transmission line; A storage unit that stores the detection signals of each sensor supplied from the two-wire transmission line in a storage area assigned to each sensor group; and a storage unit that stores the detection signal of each sensor supplied from the two-wire transmission line in a storage area assigned to each sensor group; a detection means for detecting an abnormality in the signal; a display section capable of displaying a diagram of each furnace as well as the location of each furnace body temperature sensor and cooling water temperature sensor; and a display control unit that selectively identifies and displays the placement location of the cooling water temperature sensor, and the furnace body temperature sensor and the cooling water temperature sensor detected by the detection means can be selected as those to be displayed on the display unit. a selection section that calculates the amount of heat dissipated from the furnace body from the temperature measured by the cooling water temperature sensor and displays the amount of dissipated heat on the display section; 1. A monitoring device for a furnace body in a continuous copper making furnace, comprising: a stress calculation/display unit that calculates stress applied to the furnace body based on the amount of stress applied to the furnace body and displays the calculated stress on the display unit.