JPS6137236B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for composting organic matter such as municipal waste, sewage sludge, and accumulated waste.

Conventionally, this type of organic composting operation usually involves storing the materials (composting raw materials) for a certain period of time, and during this period, stirring at appropriate time intervals while supplying an appropriate amount of air from the floor surface, so-called turning back. This is done by promoting aerobic fermentation. Also, depending on local weather and environmental conditions, open storage may be performed and air supply from the floor may be omitted. This operation is essential for reasons such as homogenization of water, uniformity of aeration, and substantial expansion of the aeration surface area.

On the other hand, in order to make the composting operation continuous, a function is required to move the material in a fixed direction at the same time as stirring for the above-mentioned turning operation. For this reason, almost all known modern composting devices have an agitation device that can perform both agitation and movement at the same time.
As the composting equipment becomes relatively large, the amount of material stored becomes large, so conventionally, this stirring equipment has become extremely large-scale, and the construction cost accounts for a large proportion of the entire composting equipment, resulting in high costs. It was hot.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method by moving a rotating paddle that moves the material in the circumferential direction in a radial and circumferential direction in a cylindrical fermenter. To provide a composting method and device, in which the mechanism is miniaturized and simplified regardless of the amount of material stored, the mechanism for moving the stirring mechanism is also simplified, and the construction cost of especially a large composting device is significantly reduced. The purpose is to

The present invention provides a cylindrical fermentation tank configured to discharge materials from an outlet at the bottom, and a rotary paddle that rotates around a radial axis to move the material in the circumferential direction of the fermentation tank. A composting method and an apparatus therefor are characterized in that all materials are stirred and moved along a zigzag trajectory consisting of both radial and circumferential components.

The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, a bridge 3 is rotatably provided around an axis 2 of a cylindrical fermenter 1. That is, the bridge 3 is constituted by a radial member that connects a turntable 4 that is rotatable about the axis 2 and wheels 6 that run on the upper surface 5 of the fermenter 1. It is rotated in the direction of 8. In the illustrated example, the wheels 6 are driven, but it goes without saying that the turntable 4 may also be driven.

A trolley 9 is movably provided on the bridge 3, and a paddle 12 that rotates with an axis 11 in the radial direction of the fermenter 1 is suspended from the trolley 9 via an arm 10. In the figure, 13 indicates a drive device for the trolley 9, and 14 indicates a drive device for the rotary paddle 12.

By moving the rotary paddle 12 in a zigzag trajectory consisting of the reciprocating motion of the cart 9 as shown by arrows 15 and 16 and the rotational motion of the bridge 3 as shown by the arrow 8, the material 17 is successively stirred. while moving in the opposite direction to arrow 8. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the material is cut into the material by the paddle 12 as it moves in the direction of the arrow 8. At this time, it is preferable that the height of the material piled up is at least 1/2 times the outer diameter of the paddle. is more than one time, the material is transported over the paddle as indicated by the dotted arrow 18 due to the blocking effect of the material itself.

Due to such incision and splashing of the material, the material is finely granulated and the aerated surface area is significantly increased, and the material is gradually deposited, so that it is passed from the air chamber 19 at the bottom of the fermenter through the porous floor surface 20. There is little resistance to the supplied air, and aerobic fermentation takes place uniformly and quickly. Next, the relationship between supply and discharge of materials will be explained.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the material supply device includes a belt conveyor 21 provided in the radial direction above the fermenter, and a belt conveyor 21 that is in contact with the top surface of the conveyor and inclined with respect to the traveling direction 22 of the conveyor. Scraping board 2
3 and a drive belt 24 that holds the scraper plate.

By sequentially switching the rotational direction of the drive belt 24 and reciprocating the scraper plate 23, the material can be uniformly dropped and dispersed in the direction R perpendicular to the direction of movement 22 of the conveyor.

As a material discharge device, a slit 25 is provided in a radial direction of a portion of the floor surface of the fermenter 1 as a discharge port through which the material falls, and a discharge conveyor 27 is provided in a lower pit 26 of the slit. Accordingly, depending on the ratio of the width B where the material is scattered by the paddle 12 and the width A of the slit 25, the material that remains on the floor without being discharged by the discharge conveyor 27 (that is, the material that is not recycled) Since the ratio of the materials used) is determined,
By appropriately adjusting dimension A, the proportion of the material to be recirculated can be adjusted. In this way, the material dehydrated by fermentation and the raw material are mixed, and the moisture content of the raw material is automatically and easily adjusted to an optimal level suitable for fermentation.

Incidentally, the A dimension can be easily adjusted by appropriately shifting the mounting position of the flat plate 28 provided on the pit 26.

In addition, the mutual positions of the material supply device and the material discharge device should be such that the distance C between the center of the slit and the material falling position is minimized within a range where the material does not reach the slit 25, taking into account the angle of repose of the falling material. It is best to set it to the dimensions.

Note that if the scraping plate 23 is V-shaped and symmetrical, it is possible to prevent the belt of the belt conveyor 21 from shifting.

In this example, the rotating paddle, which is the stirring mechanism, can be made smaller and simpler regardless of the amount of material stored, so the mechanism for moving it can also be made lighter and smaller, and the fermenter is cylindrical. This, together with the simple mechanism that covers the entire area, simplifies the entire device.Moreover, the rotary paddle not only has a significantly simpler structure than the caterpillar method, but also allows for a higher circumferential speed. Since it is possible to reduce the particle size of the material and to perform stirring and movement effectively at the same time, fermentation is carried out effectively. Also,
The width of the exit slit at the bottom of the fermenter is adjustable, allowing you to control the proportion of material that is recycled.
It is easy to adjust the moisture content of the raw material to an optimal level suitable for fermentation.

In addition, a plurality of slits as in the above example may be provided as the discharge port, or a plurality of holes separated in the radial direction may be appropriately arranged in the radial direction, or
They may also be appropriately distributed in the circumferential direction, and may be arranged so as to cover the radial direction in either direction as a whole.

The present invention provides a cylindrical fermentation tank configured to discharge materials from an outlet at the bottom, and a rotary paddle that rotates around a radial axis to move the material in the circumferential direction of the fermentation tank. The rotary paddle mechanism is used in a cylindrical fermenter to fully demonstrate its function by stirring and moving all the ingredients along a zigzag trajectory consisting of both radial and circumferential components. It is possible to provide a composting method and its device that can significantly simplify the entire device, reduce construction costs, and allow the fermentation process to proceed effectively, which is extremely important in terms of practical and waste treatment. It is effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a side sectional view, FIG. 2 is a plan view taken along the arrow X in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of main parts, and FIG. - Drawing showing the situation of supplying, discharging, and stirring of materials in a Y cross-sectional view, Figure 5 is a plan view of the device for dispersing and supplying materials to the fermenter,
1 and 4 are shown respectively. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Fermentation tank, 2...Axis, 3...Bridge, 4...Turntable, 5...Top surface, 6...Wheel, 7...Drive device,
8...Arrow, 9...Dolly, 10...Arm, 11...Axis, 12...Paddle, 13, 14...Drive device, 1
5, 16...Arrow, 17...Material, 18...Arrow, 19
... Air chamber, 20 ... Porous floor surface, 21 ... Belt conveyor, 22 ... Traveling direction, 23 ... Scraping plate, 24 ... Drive belt, 25 ... Slit, 26 ... Pit, 27 ... Discharge conveyor, 28 ... Flat plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotating paddle that rotates around a radial axis to move the material in the circumferential direction in a cylindrical fermenter that discharges the material from an outlet at the bottom. A composting method characterized in that all the materials are stirred and moved by moving along a zigzag trajectory consisting of both radial and circumferential components of the fermenter. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the opening area of the outlet is adjustable, and adjusting the opening area adjusts the proportion of material to be recycled. 3 A radial bridge rotatably provided inside a cylindrical fermenter with an outlet at the bottom and rotatable around the center of the fermenter, and a trolley provided to be able to reciprocate on the bridge. And at the bottom of the trolley,
A composting device characterized in that it is equipped with a rotating paddle that has the function of moving the material in the circumferential direction of the fermenter. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the outlet has an adjustable opening area.