JPS6341875B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for composting waste containing organic matter such as municipal waste, sewage sludge, livestock dung, agricultural waste, and the like.

Conventionally, when composting organic waste as mentioned above, air (oxygen) and water are essential, but if the moisture content of the raw material is excessive, such as exceeding 70%, forced aeration may be necessary. There was a problem in that sufficient air supply was not carried out, aerobic fermentation was inhibited, and composting was difficult to proceed smoothly.

As a countermeasure in this case, methods such as adding rice husks, sawdust, etc. to the above-mentioned organic waste, or adding compost after fermentation to the above-mentioned raw materials have been adopted. In addition, raw materials are often mixed with various agricultural wastes, municipal waste, livestock dung, etc.

As a way to deal with this problem, it was necessary to provide a mixer specifically for mixing the above-mentioned raw materials. However, in this case as well, it is necessary to keep the amount of each component cut out per unit time constant, and the operation is complicated. Furthermore, there are many cases in which only the amount of each component to be cut out is controlled without providing the above-mentioned mixer. At this time as well, not only was the operation complicated, but mixing was insufficient, resulting in non-uniform properties and moisture content of the raw materials, which inhibited uniform fermentation.

Also like sludge dehydrated with a filter press.
In order to compost a plate-shaped sludge with a size of 10cm to 20cm square and several centimeters thick through good aerobic fermentation, it was necessary to crush the sludge.

The purpose of the present invention is to mix and crush the input raw materials by stirring them again in the fermenter, to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, to ensure good fermentation, and to obtain uniform product compost. be.

The present invention provides a composting method in which the composting raw material is fermented and composted while being stirred and moved from the raw material input end to the discharge end in a composting fermentation chamber, and after performing the above stirring movement, A compost fermentation method in which the raw materials are crushed and mixed by stirring and moving the raw materials accumulated in only the raw material input section toward the raw material input end, and further stirring and moving the raw materials accumulated in the input section toward the discharge end again. be.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a rectangular fermenter, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the state of accumulation of materials in the fermenter. Second
Figure A shows the state before the raw material is introduced, and Figure 2B shows the state after the raw material R is introduced. S indicates a raw material input section, and N indicates a discharge section.

In FIG. 1, 1 indicates a stirring device having the function of moving the material in the directions of arrows 2 and 2';
The stirring device 1 starts moving from a starting point 4 near the material outlet end 3 in the state shown in FIG. When the material moves along the zigzag trajectory shown in the figure and reaches the end point 8 near the material inlet end 7, all the material has completely moved in the direction of the arrow 2 by the material movement distance due to stirring by the stirring device 1. The state shown in FIG. 2C is reached. After reaching the end point 8, the stirring device 1 moves in reverse and crosswise in the directions 5' and 6' in order to mix and crush only the raw material R input into the raw material input section S, and transfers only the input raw material toward the raw material input end ( 2' direction) and ends in states 1 and 8' of FIG. 2D (mixing operation). After that, the stirring device 1 stirs again from 8' in the direction of 5 and 6, and
The end point is reached at (Fig. 2 E).

Having reached the end point 8, the stirring device returns in the direction of the arrow 12 through a passage 11 (in which no material is present) separated from the fermenter 10 by a partition 9 and reaches the point 4 again. Alternatively, the passage 11 may not be provided, and the stirring device 1 may be lifted at the end point 8 to a level higher than the height of the material piled up in the fermenter 10 and then returned to the starting point 4. In this case, it goes without saying that a mechanism for lifting the stirring device 1 must be added.

Figures 3, 4, and 5 show the first embodiment of the stirring device 1, with Figure 3 being a perspective view and Figures 4 and 5 showing the first embodiment.
The figure is a view in the direction of arrow P in Figure 3, Figure 4 shows the stirring movement state when the stirring device 1 moves in the directions of arrows 5 and 6 and moves the material in the direction of 2, and Figure 5 shows This figure shows the stirring movement state when the stirring device 1 moves the material in the directions of arrows 5' and 6' and in the direction of 2'.

The stirring device 1 is composed of a rotating paddle consisting of a horizontal shaft 17 and blades 18 protruding approximately in the radial direction.
When mixing (when moving the material in the direction 2'), it rotates in the opposite direction in the direction of arrow 19'. Therefore, when performing a mixing operation, the stirring device 1, which is achieved by simple electrical operation, is suspended from a truck 14 by an arm 15, and the truck 14 is moved over a crane 13 that can move vertically in the directions of arrows 6 and 6'. Traversing in the direction of arrows 5 and 5'. As the cart 14 traverses, that is, the stirring device 1 moves in the direction of the arrow 5, the material is cut by the blades 18. At this time, the pile height H of the material is preferably at least 1/2 times the outer diameter T of the paddle. If it is more than 1 times,
Due to the shielding effect of the material itself, the material
As shown, the liquid is transferred over the paddle in the direction of arrow 2, that is, stirring and movement in one direction are performed at the same time. Further, during mixing, stirring movement is similarly performed in the direction of arrow 2' as shown by arrow 20'. By such cutting and splashing of the material, the material is broken down into fine particles, and an extremely uniform mixing state can be maintained. Furthermore, by stirring the same materials again, the mixed state of the materials becomes more uniform.

6, 7, 8, and 9 show other embodiments relating to the movement of the stirring device 1, which are mainly applied to open storage. In this case, the stirring device 1 is moved by a ground vehicle 23. 6 is a front view, FIG. 7 is a side view, FIG. 8 is a front view of another embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a plan view during stirring and transfer. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the stirring device 1 is similar to the first embodiment, and the stirring device 1 is attached to the front surface of the ground vehicle 23, and the horizontal shaft 17 is rotated in both left and right directions. It is configured to be rotatable. The example shown in FIG. 8 differs only in that the stirring device 1 is composed of a plurality of rotating paddles.

3 to 5 of the first embodiment, the movement of the ground vehicle 23, that is, the arrow 2 of the stirring device 1
By moving in the 2' direction, the material is incised by the wings 18, thrown off as shown by the dotted arrow 20, and transported in the direction of the arrow 2. Ground vehicle 23 is arrow 2
When making a U-turn and moving in the direction of arrow 22 as shown in 4, by rotating the blade 18 in the opposite direction to arrow 19, the material will always be transferred in the direction of arrow 2. . Also, during mixing, when moving in the direction of arrow 22', rotate the paddle in the opposite direction to arrow 20, and when moving in the direction of arrow 22, rotate the paddle in the direction shown by arrow 20 to mix the materials. 2'. By repeating such a zigzag motion from the material outlet end 3 toward the material inlet end 7, all the materials can be stirred and moved. Although the stirring device 1 and the ground vehicle 23 are integrated in the illustrated example, the stirring device 1 may be a separate vehicle and connected to the front part of the ground vehicle 23.
Further, it is even better if the stirring device 1 is configured so that it can be moved up and down relative to the ground vehicle 23 (this configuration is not shown), so that the gap between the floor surface and the tip of the blade 18 can be adjusted as desired. .

FIG. 10 is an example of a fermenter in which the stirring device moves only in the vertical direction (6 and 6' directions).

The stirring device starts moving from 3 and reaches the end point 8 while performing stirring movement in the direction of 2.

Thereafter, it moves to 8', stirs and moves the input raw material in the direction of 2', and again moves to 8 with stirring in the direction of 2, completing the operation.

The stirring device used in the above fermenter may be a rotating paddle shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, but
A belt conveyor with a cleat as shown in the figure may be used. In this case, the mixing operation can be carried out by lifting the stirring device by h to change the direction of movement of the stirring device, or if the minimum distance h′ between the floor and the cleat is h′ > h, the stirring device pulley can be The direction may be changed around the axis 25.

As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides a composting method in which composting raw materials are fermented and composted while being stirred and moved from a raw material input port to a discharge port in a compost fermentation chamber. After stirring and moving the raw materials deposited only in the raw material input section, the raw materials accumulated in the raw material input section are stirred and moved toward the raw material input port, and further, the raw materials accumulated in the input section are stirred and moved toward the discharge port to crush and mix the raw materials. Not only does this greatly reduce the precision of controlling the amount of each component cut out, which was complicated in the past, but it also makes it possible to mix uniformly without installing a mixer. The raw material is finely granulated and crushed due to stirring over a period of time, which has extremely great practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a plan view, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of mixed operation,
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the stirring device, Figures 4 and 5 are its P
6 is a front view of another embodiment of the stirring device, FIG. 7 is a side view thereof, FIG. 8 is a front view of another embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the stirring and transfer state. It is. FIG. 10 is a plan view of another embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a side view of the stirring device. 1... Stirring device, 2, 2'... Arrow, 3... Material outlet end, 4... Starting point, 5, 5'... Arrow, 6, 6'... Arrow,
7...Material inlet end, 8...End point, 8'...Mixing operation end point,
9... Partition wall, 10... Fermentation tank, 11... Passage, 12... Arrow, 13... Crane, 14... Dolly, 15... Arm, 16... Air chamber, 17... Horizontal shaft, 18... Wing, 1
9, 19'...arrow, 20, 20'...arrow, 21...arrow, 22, 22'...arrow, 23...ground vehicle, 2
4...Arrow, 25...Axis, 26...Protrusion.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 In a composting method in which the composting raw material is fermented and composted while stirring and moving from the raw material input end to the discharge end in a composting fermentation chamber, the above-mentioned stirring movement is performed. After that, the raw materials accumulated only at the raw material input section are stirred and moved toward the raw material input end, and the raw materials accumulated at the input section are further stirred and moved toward the discharge end again, thereby crushing and mixing the raw materials. A method of fermenting compost. 2. The stirring and moving method moves the material along a zigzag trajectory having both components substantially perpendicular to and parallel to the stirring and moving direction of the material,
The method according to claim 1, which is a method of stirring and moving all the materials. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring and moving method is a method of stirring and moving all the materials by moving the materials in a direction parallel to the stirring and moving direction of the materials. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring method is a stirring method using a rotating paddle comprising blades protruding substantially in the radial direction of a horizontal shaft. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring method is a stirring method using a cleated belt conveyor.