JPS6138075B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides at least one connection between any two of a ship on the ocean, a floating body such as a barge floating on the ocean, or a fixed object such as a marine structure fixed to the seabed. Vessels where one of them is floating on the ocean and there is a relative displacement between the two (hereinafter referred to as "between ships at sea, etc.")
It is abbreviated as. ) is concerned with the bridge constructed between the two.

Between such ships, the distance between them is usually kept within a certain range by manually operating the propulsion device and steering device under constant human supervision, or automatically using a computer. I try to keep it inside. In this certain range, the ship or floating body sways due to the effects of wind and waves, and also due to delays in the responsiveness of position control by the position holding device.

Conventionally, in order for people to come and go between such offshore ships, etc., as shown in Figure 1, a structure with a U-shaped cross section was placed at the top of one end of a tall floating body 1, and people walked inside. A method of moving back and forth using a gigang way 3 in which one end of the gigang way 3 is fixed at one point and the other end of the gigang way 3 is placed on the deck of a low-height floating body 2 as a free end that can slide in all directions; Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 2, one end of the gigang way 3 is fixed at one point above one end of the low floating body 2, and the other end of the gigang way 3 is attached to the high floating body 1 side as a free end. 3 is known. However, in the former method, the free end, which is the entrance and exit of the gigang way 3 on the lower floating body 2 side,
Since they move freely on the deck of the low floating body 2, it is dangerous to go in and out of this doorway.

In addition, in the latter gigangway 3, the height from the deck of the floating body 1 of the free end, which is the entrance to the gigangway 3 on the higher floating body 1 side, changes depending on the relative displacement between both floating bodies 1 and 2. Therefore, it may be difficult to get into this doorway. If both ends of the gigang way 3 are fixed to both floating bodies 1 and 2, the gigang way 3 will be destroyed due to relative displacement, and in the end, with current technology, the standard distance or spacing between ships on the ocean is several tens of meters. Therefore, when the amount of relative movement reaches several tens of meters, bridges such as Guyangway 3 do not have the function of absorbing the relative displacement, and the current situation is that bridges are impossible.

Alternatively, when boarding and disembarking from a floating body or fixed object by using a gangway that can be raised and lowered by hanging cables on the side of the floating body, etc., or by using a rope ladder, and then transferring to a small vessel to move between floating bodies, etc. However, these methods can be used when the sea is calm, but it is extremely dangerous to transfer under severe sea conditions, and there is a high risk of damage from collisions between small vessels and floating bodies. .

Therefore, the present invention was made with the aim of solving the above-mentioned problems when people come and go or move between ships on the ocean. Preferably, a turntail rotatable with respect to the moving device is attached to a moving device that moves over an object, and a turntail is provided between the turntable and a doorway fixed on one of the ships, floating bodies, or fixed objects. Connected by a joint corridor, one end of the main hallway can be freely raised and raised via a hinge fixed to the turntable, and one end of the sub-corridor can be freely raised and raised via a hinge fixed to the other end of the main hallway. At the same time, the other end of the sub-promenade can be fixed to another ship, floating body, or fixed object with one-point support, and a counterweight corresponding to the weight of the sub-promenade is placed between the hinges of the sub-promenade. To provide bridges between ships at sea, etc., which are constructed in such a way as to make the operation of building bridges between ships safe and easy, and to allow people to enter and exit from entrances on both sides of the bridge. , to ensure safe entry and exit and walking within the bridge, and to allow the bridge itself to absorb relative displacement between ships, etc.
This prevents the bridge from being destroyed even by relative displacement.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, in FIGS. 3 and 4, for example, two guide rails 5, 5 fixed on the deck of a ship 4 are shown.
A moving device 6 that moves by wheels 7 is arranged along
By connecting both ends of the wire rope 12 to the moving device 6 and driving the sliding winch 11, the moving device 6 is moved in the front-rear direction (arrow A-B direction). winch 1
1, the moving device 6 is fixed. Stoppers 17 and 18 are provided at both ends of the guide rail 5.
is fixed to prevent further movement of the moving device 6.

Two turntables 8 are placed on the top of the moving device 6,
9 is attached, one end of the link type gallery 19 is fixed on one turntable 8, and the main walkway 26 is fixed on the hinge 10 fixed on the other turntable 9.
Attach one end so that it can rotate freely in the vertical direction (C-D direction).

The link type corridor 19 consists of a corridor 20, a turntable 21, a corridor 23 (see Fig. 5), a turntable 24, and an entrance/exit 25. The turntable 24 is rotatably placed on the deck, and the entrance/exit 25 is connected to the turntable. It is fixed as one unit and rotates together. A roller 22 attached to the lower part of the turntable 21 moves on the deck in the GH direction, so the link type gallery 19
- As it moves in the B direction, it deforms appropriately and the entrance/exit 25 reciprocates within a certain angle around a certain point on the deck together with the turntable 24.

Two span winches 27 placed on the deck,
The wires 29 and 30 wound around the wires 28 are passed through the pulley 3 along the posts 31 and 32 erected on the deck.
3 and 34, and the ends of the wires 29 and 30 are fixed to the end of the main runway 26.
5, 36, thus both span winches 2
7 and 28 at the same time or differently, the main hallway 26 can be moved vertically (C-D direction) around the hinge 10 and horizontally (E-F direction) using the turntable 9. Rotate freely.

Next, the hinge 4 fixed to the other end of the main hallway 26
4, one end of the sub-corridor 42 is attached, and a hydraulic cylinder 45 for elevating is disposed so that the sub-corridor 42 can be freely raised and raised relative to the main corridor 26 in the IJ direction. Furthermore, a counterweight 43 corresponding to the weight of the sub-corridor 42 is provided on the opposite side of the hinge 44 in order to facilitate operation when the sub-corridor 42 is raised or raised relative to the main corridor 26. , This counterweight 43 can also be made to have the weight of the counterweight 43 by injecting seawater into its tank only when necessary. In this case, the seawater is released from the counterweight 43 after crosslinking is completed. By doing so, the weight of the hull 4 can be kept light.

In addition, a protrusion 37 is provided on the lower surface of the tip on the opposite side of the sub-corridor 42, and on the other hand,
For example, a removable pedestal 41 that engages with the protrusion 37 is attached to the upper part of the end of the off-shore platform 40, and when the protrusion 37 and the pedestal 41 are engaged, the engagement portion The sub-corridor 42 and the off-shore platform 40 are made to be rotatable in any direction using the auxiliary corridor 42 and the off-shore platform 40 as a fulcrum.

Limit switches 38 and 39 are installed along the guide rail 5 at distances X from the neutral position of the moving device 6 in directions A and B, respectively, and the distances from the limit switches 38 and 39 to the stoppers 17 and 18 are α. As will be described later, the distance riding winch 11
While braking is applied to fix the moving device 6, the span winches 27 and 28 are reeled in and operated,
The main corridor 26 is lifted together with the sub-corridor 42, and the protrusion 3
7 and the pedestal 41 can be disengaged from each other.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, the main hallway 26 (and the sub-corridor 42) are made of hollow tubes made of steel pipes or other materials, and stairs 46 and handrails 47 are provided inside the tube. Stairs 46 between
In addition, interior decoration, lighting, etc. (not shown) will be provided. As a result, the main corridor 26 and the sub-corridor 42
It secures strength as a bridge between ships, etc., protects pedestrians from weather conditions such as wind, snow, and rain, and improves traffic performance within the main hallway 26 and the sub-corridor 42.

Here, to explain the effect of the bridge between ships on the ocean, etc., which has the above-mentioned configuration, first, in FIGS. 3 and 4, by retracting the hydraulic cylinder 45,
After tilting the main corridor 26 and the sub-corridor 42 at the same angle and fixing them, the moving device 6 is fully retracted in the A direction, the sliding winch 11 is braked and the moving device 6 is fixed, and the span winches 27 and 28 are fixed. When the main corridor 26 is suspended horizontally and fixed on the deck by the unrolling operation, the main corridor 26 and the sub-corridor 42 are stored on the ship 4, and are suitable for transportation.

Next, when the main hallway 26 and the secondary hallway 42 are bridged over the offshore platform 40,
First, while maintaining the main hallway 26 in a horizontal storage state, the sliding winch 11 is driven to move the moving device 6 to the limit switch 3 of the guide rail 5.
The sliding winch 11 is braked and the moving device 6 is fixed. Next, the main walkway 26 is raised to a predetermined angle in preparation for the bridge by winding the span winches 27 and 28.

Thereafter, the ship 4 is brought close to the offshore platform 40 to a predetermined position, and the sub-corridor 4
The span winch 27 is lowered by controlling the vertical movement of the tip of the auxiliary walkway 42 by the movement of the ship 4 using a hydraulic cylinder 45 for elevating the ship 2 so as not to collide with the offshore platform 40. , 28 are controlled in the E-F direction, the protrusion 37 at the tip of the sub-corridor 42 is guided and fitted into the pedestal 41 of the off-shore platform 40, and the span winches 27, At the same time as loosening the tension of the sliding winch 28, the braking force of the sliding winch 11 is also released and the moving device 6 is freed.
freedom of movement.

Furthermore, by pulling in and fixing the hydraulic cylinder 45, the main hallway 26 and the sub-corridor 42 are tilted and fixed at the same angle, and the work of constructing the main hallway 26 and the sub-corridor 42 is completed.

In this bridged state, the relative longitudinal direction between the ship 4 and the offshore platform 40 (ship 4
When the moving device 6 moves in the direction of moving toward or away from the platform 40, the moving device 6
The hinges 10 of the main corridor 26 and the sub-corridor 42 can be moved freely in this direction, and the link corridor 19 can be appropriately deformed accordingly. Protrusion 37 and pedestal 41
Due to the fitting portion between the two, and relative displacement in the left and right direction, the rotation of the turntable 9 on the main hallway 26 side and the protrusion 37 and the pedestal 41 on the side of the secondary hallway 42 are prevented.
By rotation with , the relative displacements are absorbed respectively, and therefore the relative displacements in any direction are absorbed as a combination of these.

As mentioned at the beginning, the amount of relative movement between the ship 4 and the platform 40 is, for example,
The side is controlled manually or automatically by operating the position holding device within a predetermined range (position holding set point ±Xm). Within this predetermined range, the relative displacement is absorbed as described above, but if the position holding device fails or if an unexpected external force such as wind or waves acts, the relative distance between the two will be reduced. There may be cases where this predetermined range is exceeded.

In this case, when the moving device 6 comes to the ±Xm position, the limit switch 38 or 39 is activated, the sliding winch 11 is automatically braked and the moving device 6 is fixed, and at the same time, the span winch 27, 28 is automatically hoisted up, the main walkway 26 is lifted up together with the sub-walkway 42, the protrusion 37 is removed from the pedestal 41, and the sub-walkway 42 is separated from the platform 40, and thus the main walkway 26 and the moving device 6 The safety of each other device is ensured. In this case, if necessary, an alarm is sounded in the main hallway 26 and the secondary hallway 42 by operating the limit switch 38 or 39, and the protrusion 3 of the secondary hallway 42 is activated.
The barrier will be lowered to the entrance/exit at the tip of the 7th side.

A normal sub-corridor 42 that is not an emergency situation such as the one above.
In the removal work, first brake the sliding winch 11 from the bridged state to fix the moving device 6,
Next, the span winches 27 and 28 are hoisted,
The main corridor 26 and the sub-corridor 42 are lifted up and the protrusion 37
After removing the hull 4 from the pedestal 41 and moving the hull 4 away from the offshore platform 40, the span winches 27 and 28 are unwound and operated to bring the main corridor 26 into a horizontal state, and the moving device 6 is moved backward (in the direction A). ) and fix it on the deck with the main aisle 26 and the sub-aisle 42 in the retracted position.

Note that the length of the guide rail 5 and the length and number of joints of each of the corridors 20 and 23 of the link type corridor 19 are determined depending on the magnitude of relative movement between ships and the like.

Further, the main hallway 26 and the sub-corridor 42 do not need to be integral with each other, and may be foldable by providing a folding point in the middle. In addition, the main hallway 26
There is no particular need for one sub-corridor 42 to be attached to the sub-corridor 42 so that it can be raised and lowered via a hinge 44 fixed to the sub-corridor.

Here, the effect of the sub-corridor 42 provided with the counterweight 43, which is the most significant feature of the present invention, will be compared with other conventional examples having only one main corridor 26 without the sub-corridor 42 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. I will explain by comparing.

First, in the case of only the main hallway 26 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the main hallway 26 moves as shown by the dashed line due to the movement of the hull 4, and its tip is shown in FIG. 8 in the vertical and longitudinal directions. Draw an ellipse E1, and in the horizontal direction draw an ellipse E2 shown in FIG. As shown in , a wide area is required, and the tip of the main walkway 26 falls at a falling speed during the bridge construction, and the relative speed between the tip of the main walkway 26 and the pedestal 41 decreases due to the movement of the ship 4. Furthermore, since at least half of the weight of the main hallway 26 is applied to the pedestal 41, a large impact load is instantaneously applied.

Therefore, in order to be able to bridge the main corridor 26 while controlling the motion of the hull 4 using the above-mentioned device for only the main corridor 26, it is necessary to increase the output of each drive device, and it is necessary to increase the output of each drive device. , 30 at high speed, each pulley 13, 14, 15,
Wires 29, 3 due to friction of 16, 33, 34, etc.
The life of the wire will also be shortened and the risk of wire breakage will increase.

On the other hand, compared to the above, in the device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the tip of the sub-corridor 42 can be controlled while being moved at high speed by the hydraulic cylinder 45 so as to absorb the vertical movement of the hull 4. The movement in the front-back direction becomes an ellipse as shown by E3 in FIG. 10, and its range is extremely small compared to that in FIG. 8. In this case, the movement in the horizontal direction becomes an ellipse as shown by E4 in FIG. 11, which is approximately the same size as in FIG. It can be moved at high speed by the hydraulic cylinder 45, and control that follows the vertical movement caused by the shaking of the hull 4 is easily possible.The impact load during bridge construction is small, and the area of the pedestal 41 is also small and lightweight. can be formed into

In addition, the control performance in the vertical direction of the tip of the sub-corridor 42 is improved, and the hydraulic cylinder 45 is
The capacity of the off-shore platform 40 may be small, and furthermore, the load applied to the pedestal 41 of the off-shore platform 40 can theoretically be reduced to zero by the action of the counterweight 43.

Although the above embodiment describes a bridge constructed between a ship and an offshore platform, the present invention is not limited to this.
Any combination of floating or fixed objects,
It is applicable when a relative displacement occurs between the two.

Therefore, according to the above-mentioned bridge between ships on the ocean, etc. of the present invention, while the main hallway and the sub-corridor are continuously bridged between ships, etc., one end side of the main hallway is moved to one of the ships, etc. and is fixed on a turntable on a movable device that can be freely fixed, and the other end of the preferably articulated link corridor, one end of which is fixed to the movable device, is connected to an entrance/exit fixed to one of the ships, etc. However, by fixing the end of the sub-promenade so that it can engage and detach from the other ship, etc., both entrances and exits are fixed together, making it extremely safe to enter and exit the bridge, and each promenade and Walking and traffic within the joint link corridor is also safe.

Further, it is possible to store one side of the bridge in a ship, etc., and it is easy to construct and remove the bridge from the stored state. Furthermore, if the relative distance between ships, etc. goes out of a predetermined range, a limit switch can be used to detect it, activate an emergency safety mechanism, and disconnect the bridge, making it possible to maintain the relative position between ships, etc. normally. Even if the relative movement exceeds a predetermined range due to a device malfunction or an unexpected external force due to wind or waves, it is safe and the end of the subwalk will not come off the ship, etc. , or there is no risk of the vehicle crashing into a ship, etc., or causing an accident.

In particular, in the present invention, by attaching a sub-corridor that can be raised or raised freely relative to the main corridor, and by balancing it with a counterweight, the tip of the sub-corridor can be easily rotated, and the driving force in the vertical direction can be reduced. In addition, the impact load during cross-linking can be made extremely small, and the load applied to the pedestal of the offshore platform can theoretically be reduced to zero.

Furthermore, since the tip of the sub-corridor can be moved at high speed, it is possible to perform control that follows the vertical movement caused by the shaking of the ship.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are overall front views showing conventional bridges between ships on the ocean, etc., and FIGS. 3 to 6 show an embodiment of the bridge between ships on the ocean, etc. according to the present invention,
Figure 3 is an overall plan view, Figure 4 is a side sectional view along the line - in Figure 3, Figure 5 is an enlarged partial side view of the link corridor in Figure 3, and Figure 6 is the sub-corridor in Figure 4. Fig. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of a partially broken main part of Fig. 4.
An enlarged perspective sectional view of the main hallway taken along the line - in the figure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the main part explaining the movement of the tip of the main corridor in another conventional example without a sub-corridor, Fig. 9 is a plan view of Fig. 8, and Fig. 10 is a comparison with Fig. 8. FIG. 11 is a schematic side view of the main part explaining the movement of the tip of the sub-corridor according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a plan view of FIG. 10. 4... Ship, 6... Moving device, 7... Wheel, 8, 9...
Turntable, 10... Hinge, 11... Sliding winch, 12... Wire rope, 19... Link type corridor, 21, 24... Turntable, 22
...Turntable moving rollers, 20, 23...
Corridor, 25... Entrance, 26... Main corridor, 27, 28
...Span winch, 29,30...Wire, 31,
32...Post, 37...Protrusion, 40...Offshore
Platform, 41... pedestal, 42... sub-corridor,
43...Counterweight, 44...Hinge, 45...
hydraulic cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In bridges built between ships, floating bodies, or fixed objects, at least one of which is floating on the ocean and there is a relative displacement between the two,
A turntable that is rotatable with respect to the moving device is attached to a moving device that moves on one of the ships, floating bodies, or fixed objects, and one end of the main hallway is attached so that it can be raised and raised via a hinge fixed to the turntable. Furthermore, one end of the sub-promenade is attached to the other end of the main promenade so that it can be lifted up and down, so that the other end of the sub-property can be fixed to another ship, floating body, or fixed object with one-point support. A bridge between ships on the ocean, etc., characterized in that a counterweight corresponding to the weight of the sub-corridor is disposed across the hinge of the sub-corridor.