JPS6138277B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6138277B2 JPS6138277B2 JP10707082A JP10707082A JPS6138277B2 JP S6138277 B2 JPS6138277 B2 JP S6138277B2 JP 10707082 A JP10707082 A JP 10707082A JP 10707082 A JP10707082 A JP 10707082A JP S6138277 B2 JPS6138277 B2 JP S6138277B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- present
- nozzle sleeve
- sleeve base
- plating layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102220061996 rs786203944 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/16—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass plates with holes of very small diameter, e.g. for spinning or burner nozzles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Description
本発明は、デイーゼルエンジン（水冷式）の燃
料噴射ノズルのスリーブ及びその製造方法に関す
る。
第１図は、本発明ノズルスリーブが使用される
周辺の状況を示す部分的断面図である。図におい
て、１は噴射ノズルで、ここよりピストンに燃料
が噴射される。噴射された燃料は、爆発的に燃焼
し燃焼ガスとなつてシリンダー内を往復する。最
高圧力120Kg/cm2、最高温度1800℃に及ぶ燃焼ガス
による温度上昇を防ぐため、シリンダーヘツド２
内に冷却水（水道水に不凍液を加えたもの）を流
している。３は冷却水を示す。４は噴射ノズルホ
ルダーで、これを保持するものがノズルスリーブ
５である。スリーブ５には、ホルダー４を支持す
るほかに冷却水３や燃焼ガスの洩れを防ぐ役割が
ある。６及び７は、そのためのパツキングであ
る。また、スリーブ５は、冷却水３による腐食や
燃焼ガス（硫化ガス）による酸化に耐える必要が
あり、それと同時に、冷却効果をよくするため薄
肉厚品でなければならない。
従来、かかるノズルスリーブ５の製造法として
は、(イ)耐酸化性、耐食性を重視して特殊用途鋼
（例えば、SUH3種等の高Si高Cr含有のもの）を
使用する場合と、(ロ)熱伝導性（冷却性）と耐食性
を重視して非鉄材料（例えば、黄銅や銅）を使用
する場合とがある。(イ)の場合は、旋削加工により
製造されるが、薄肉化するための中ぐり作業が隘
路となつている。つまり、特殊用途鋼は被切削性
が悪い材料のため加工が困難だからである。ま
た、塑性変形しにくい材料であり、材料の歩留り
も悪い。すなわち、製品価格に占める材料費の割
合は50％と高い。(ロ)の場合は、バイプ絞り成形
（プレス加工）により製造されるが、黄銅や銅が
高価であるためやはり材料費が高くなる。
本発明は、上述の現状に鑑み、特殊用途鋼や非
鉄金属（黄銅、銅など）を材料として使用せず、
JIS規格に定められている安い鉄を主成分とする
合金鋼である構造用鋼材を使用して、耐酸化性や
耐食性などの機能を満足させると共に歩留りを向
上させ、コストを低減しうる噴射ノズルスリーブ
及びその製法を提供しようとするものである。以
下、図面を用い本発明を具体的に説明する。
第２図は、本発明製造法の実施例の工程の一部
を示す図である。第２図Ａは、棒状の素材８を示
す。これは、構造用鋼材（例えばS20C）を丸鋸
盤などで切断したものである。第２図Ｂは、上記
素材８を焼鈍し潤滑剤を施して深孔抜き加工をし
たものの断面図である。９は、深孔抜き加工によ
り作られた孔を示す。第２図Ｃは、その後再度焼
鈍・潤滑処理をしてから押出成形をしたスリーブ
基体１０の断面図である。この押出成形の時点
で、スリーブ基体１０の内側や外側の主要な寸法
が完成するため、従来の中ぐり工程や外側の薄肉
化の旋削が不要となる。残された旋削加工は、全
長決めと外径の一部分のみである。耐食性や耐酸
化性はスリーブ基体１０に表面処理をすることに
より保証するが、これについては後で述べる。
上述のように、本発明製法は、構造用鋼材を用
いるため冷間鍛造が可能であることが大きな特徴
である。冷間鍛造とは、素材を加熱せずに押出し
やすえ込み等の圧縮加工を行なうことである。冷
間鍛造によれば、加工時間が短縮されるほか次の
利点がある。すなわち、冷間鍛造により表面が加
工硬化し硬度が20〜30％高くなる。また、流線
（金属の繊維状組織）が切削加工では切断されて
しまうが、冷間鍛造では流線が切断されないので
引張強度が30〜40％向上する。このため、低炭素
鋼を使用しても耐熱鋼に比べ同程度の耐圧性が得
られる。製品精度についても、金型構造上ポンチ
先端部で内径側を保持しながら成形するため0.1
mm程度の高い同軸度が得られ、内径側の後加工が
不要となる（第２図Ｂ，Ｃ参照）。なお、本発明
スリーブは、冷間鍛造によらず旋削加工のみでも
製造可能である。しかし、その場合は、冷間鍛造
による場合ほど歩留りはよくない。
次に、表面処理について説明する。構造用鋼材
に耐食性や耐酸化性を付与するため種々のメツキ
試験を行なつたが、その際、燃焼ガスが冷却水と
混合した場合硫化ガスが冷却水と混合して硫酸に
なるものと仮定し、条件を厳しくして試験した。
すなわち、液温20℃の硫酸30％溶液に72時間浸漬
して浸漬試験を行ない、第１表に示す如き結果を
得た。
The present invention relates to a fuel injection nozzle sleeve for a diesel engine (water-cooled type) and a method for manufacturing the same. FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing the surrounding situation in which the nozzle sleeve of the present invention is used. In the figure, 1 is an injection nozzle from which fuel is injected into the piston. The injected fuel combusts explosively and becomes combustion gas, which reciprocates within the cylinder. In order to prevent the temperature from rising due to the combustion gas, which has a maximum pressure of 120Kg/cm 2 and a maximum temperature of 1800℃, the cylinder head 2
Cooling water (tap water with antifreeze added) is flowing inside. 3 indicates cooling water. Reference numeral 4 denotes an injection nozzle holder, and a nozzle sleeve 5 holds this. In addition to supporting the holder 4, the sleeve 5 has the role of preventing leakage of the cooling water 3 and combustion gas. 6 and 7 are packing for that purpose. Further, the sleeve 5 needs to resist corrosion caused by the cooling water 3 and oxidation caused by combustion gas (sulfide gas), and at the same time, it needs to be thin and thick in order to improve the cooling effect. Conventionally, the nozzle sleeve 5 has been manufactured using two methods: (a) using special-purpose steel (for example, one containing high Si and high Cr, such as SUH type 3) with emphasis on oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance; ) Non-ferrous materials (such as brass and copper) are sometimes used with emphasis on thermal conductivity (cooling performance) and corrosion resistance. In the case of (a), it is manufactured by turning, but the boring work to make it thinner is a bottleneck. In other words, special-purpose steel is difficult to machine because it is a material with poor machinability. In addition, it is a material that is difficult to deform plastically and has a poor material yield. In other words, the proportion of material costs in the product price is as high as 50%. In the case of (b), it is manufactured by pipe drawing (pressing), but since brass and copper are expensive, the material cost is also high. In view of the above-mentioned current situation, the present invention does not use special purpose steel or non-ferrous metals (brass, copper, etc.) as materials,
An injection nozzle that uses structural steel, which is an alloy steel whose main component is cheap iron specified by JIS standards, to satisfy functions such as oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, improve yield, and reduce costs. The present invention aims to provide a sleeve and a method for manufacturing the same. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained using the drawings. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a part of the steps of an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows a rod-shaped material 8. This is made by cutting structural steel material (for example, S20C) with a circular saw. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the material 8 which has been annealed, lubricated, and deep-hole punched. 9 indicates a hole made by deep hole punching. FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve base 10 that has been annealed and lubricated again and then extruded. At the time of this extrusion molding, the main dimensions of the inside and outside of the sleeve base body 10 are completed, so that the conventional boring process and turning for thinning the outside are unnecessary. The only remaining turning work is determining the overall length and part of the outer diameter. Corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance are ensured by surface treatment of the sleeve base 10, which will be described later. As mentioned above, a major feature of the manufacturing method of the present invention is that cold forging is possible because structural steel is used. Cold forging refers to performing compression processing such as extrusion or swaging without heating the material. Cold forging reduces processing time and has the following advantages. That is, the surface is work-hardened by cold forging, and the hardness increases by 20 to 30%. Furthermore, while streamlines (metal fibrous structures) are cut during cutting, cold forging does not cut streamlines, improving tensile strength by 30 to 40%. Therefore, even if low carbon steel is used, pressure resistance comparable to that of heat resistant steel can be obtained. As for the product accuracy, the mold structure requires 0.1 because molding is performed while holding the inner diameter side at the punch tip.
A high degree of coaxiality on the order of mm can be obtained, eliminating the need for post-processing on the inner diameter side (see Figures 2B and C). Note that the sleeve of the present invention can be manufactured not by cold forging but only by turning. However, in that case, the yield is not as good as when cold forging is used. Next, surface treatment will be explained. Various plating tests were conducted to impart corrosion and oxidation resistance to structural steel materials, but in doing so, it was assumed that when combustion gas mixed with cooling water, sulfide gas would mix with the cooling water and become sulfuric acid. The test was conducted under stricter conditions.
That is, an immersion test was conducted by immersing it in a 30% sulfuric acid solution at a temperature of 20° C. for 72 hours, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
【表】
試験結果によると、耐熱鋼SUH3は耐食性も優
れてるといわれているが、腐食は他に比較して最
も大きかつた。無電解ニツケル・メツキは有効で
あつたがコストが高く、マイクロポーラスクロ
ム・メツキが最も優れていた。
更に、実際のエンジンに組み入み400時間の耐
久試験を行なつたが、腐食の進行は遅いものの耐
熱鋼とアルミナイズ・メツキが同じ程度であり、
無電解ニツケル・メツキとマイクロポーラスクロ
ム・メツキでは腐食は見られなかつた。これによ
り、従来の高価な材料を使用しなくても安価な材
料にマイクロポーラスクロム・メツキの表面処理
をするだけで充分に代替できることを確認した。
第３図は、マイクロポーラスクロム・メツキの
構成例を示す断面図である。図において、１１は
被メツキ体、１２は半光沢ニツケル（SNi）メツ
キ層、１３は光沢ニツケル（BNi）メツキ層、１
４は非電導性微粒子含有ニツケル（XNi）メツキ
層、１５はクロム（Cr）メツキ層を示す。各メ
ツキ層の厚さは、１２が10μ、１３が５μ、１４
が0.5μ、１５が0.15μの割合で全体のメツキ層
は20μ以上が望ましい。本発明においては、被メ
ツキ体１１はスリーブ基体１０である。したがつ
て、本発明のスリーブ５は、構造用鋼材より成る
スリーブ基体１０の表面にマイクロポーラスクロ
ム・メツキ層を有するものである。
本発明スリーブを本発明製造法により製造した
場合の効果は、第２表に示すとおりである。[Table] According to the test results, heat-resistant steel SUH3 is said to have excellent corrosion resistance, but the corrosion was the greatest compared to other steels. Electroless nickel plating was effective but costly, and microporous chrome plating was the best. Furthermore, a 400-hour durability test was carried out by incorporating it into an actual engine, and although the corrosion progressed slowly, it was found to be at the same level as heat-resistant steel and aluminized metal.
No corrosion was observed with electroless nickel metal and microporous chrome metal. As a result, it was confirmed that the surface treatment of microporous chrome plating can be a sufficient substitute for inexpensive materials without using conventional expensive materials. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of the structure of microporous chrome plating. In the figure, 11 is the body to be plated, 12 is a semi-bright nickel (SNi) plating layer, 13 is a bright nickel (BNi) plating layer, 1
4 is a nickel (XNi) plating layer containing non-conductive fine particles, and 15 is a chromium (Cr) plating layer. The thickness of each plating layer is 10μ for 12, 5μ for 13, and 5μ for 14
It is desirable that the total plating layer be 20μ or more, with a ratio of 0.5μ and 0.15μ for 15. In the present invention, the body 11 to be plated is the sleeve base body 10. Therefore, the sleeve 5 of the present invention has a microporous chromium plating layer on the surface of the sleeve base 10 made of structural steel. Table 2 shows the effects when the sleeve of the present invention is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention.
【表】
(注) 粗材費は、材料だけの価格比を示す。
以上説明したとおり、本発明スリーブは、冷間
鍛造が可能な安価な材料を使用して表面処理をす
ることにより、機能において従来品と遜色のない
噴射ノズルスリーブを安価に製造しうる利点があ
り、また、本発明製造法によれば、本発明スリー
ブを最も簡単・安価に製造することができる。
なお、本発明は、上述の例に限らず、特許請求
の範囲に記載した発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内
において種々の変更・変形をしうるものである。[Table] (Note) Raw materials cost shows the price ratio of materials only.
As explained above, the sleeve of the present invention has the advantage of being able to inexpensively manufacture an injection nozzle sleeve that is comparable in function to conventional products by using inexpensive materials that can be cold-forged and surface-treated. Furthermore, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, the sleeve of the present invention can be manufactured most simply and at the lowest cost. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and can be modified and modified in various ways without departing from the gist of the invention as set forth in the claims.
第１図は噴射ノズルスリーブ周辺の状況を示す
部分的断面図、第２図は本発明製造法の実施例の
工程の一部を示す図、第３図はマイクロポーラス
クロム・メツキを示す断面図である。
１０……ノズルスリーブ基体、１２〜１５……
マイクロポーラスクロム・メツキ層。
Figure 1 is a partial sectional view showing the situation around the injection nozzle sleeve, Figure 2 is a diagram showing a part of the process of an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a sectional view showing microporous chrome plating. It is. 10... Nozzle sleeve base, 12-15...
Microporous chrome plating layer.
Claims (1)
面にマイクロポーラスクロム・メツキ層を有する
ことを特徴とするデイーゼルエンジン噴射ノズル
スリーブ。 ２ 構造用鋼材より成る棒状の素材を深孔抜き加
工及び押出成形をしてノズルスリーブ基体を作る
工程と、このノズルスリーブ基体にマイクロポー
ラスクロム・メツキを施す工程とを有することを
特徴とするデイーゼルエンジン噴射ノズルスリー
ブの製法。[Claims] 1. A diesel engine injection nozzle sleeve characterized by having a microporous chrome plating layer on the surface of a nozzle sleeve base made of structural steel. 2. A diesel that is characterized by comprising the steps of forming a nozzle sleeve base by deep-hole punching and extrusion molding a rod-shaped material made of structural steel, and applying microporous chrome plating to the nozzle sleeve base. Manufacturing method for engine injection nozzle sleeves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10707082A JPS58224036A (en) | 1982-06-22 | 1982-06-22 | Injection nozzle sleeve of diesel engine and its manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10707082A JPS58224036A (en) | 1982-06-22 | 1982-06-22 | Injection nozzle sleeve of diesel engine and its manufacture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58224036A JPS58224036A (en) | 1983-12-26 |
| JPS6138277B2 true JPS6138277B2 (en) | 1986-08-28 |
Family
ID=14449720
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10707082A Granted JPS58224036A (en) | 1982-06-22 | 1982-06-22 | Injection nozzle sleeve of diesel engine and its manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58224036A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS638074A (en) * | 1986-06-26 | 1988-01-13 | Mazda Motor Corp | Four wheel steering device for vehicle |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2530094B2 (en) * | 1993-03-11 | 1996-09-04 | 株式会社東芝 | Refrigeration cycle |
| JPH0827092B2 (en) * | 1993-03-11 | 1996-03-21 | 株式会社東芝 | Refrigeration cycle |
| JP5011320B2 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2012-08-29 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Method for forming nozzle body of fuel injection valve |
-
1982
- 1982-06-22 JP JP10707082A patent/JPS58224036A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS638074A (en) * | 1986-06-26 | 1988-01-13 | Mazda Motor Corp | Four wheel steering device for vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58224036A (en) | 1983-12-26 |
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