JPS6138287B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a control device for automatically operating a hydraulically or pneumatically activated hammer by controlling the falling height of a weight and adjusting the impact force, particularly for a pile driving hammer. The present invention relates to devices suitable for use in vibration exciters, impact machines, punching machines, etc.

Conventionally, there have been control devices of this type, such as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in addition to manual control devices.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the signals of the two limit switches 7, 7 are arranged so as to contact each other at both the upper and lower ends of the stroke of the weight 4, which is connected to the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 via the piston rod 3. The switching operation of the electromagnetic switching valve 15 is carried out via the relay 9, and the weight 4 as shown in FIG.
At the lower end of the stroke, the solenoid switching valve 15 is actuated via the timer 10 and the booster circuit 14 by a signal from the limit switch 7 installed directly above the selector 1.
2, the timer 10 restores the electromagnetic switching valve 15 via the booster circuit 14, and the timer 10 restores the electromagnetic switching valve 15 through the booster circuit 14, and the timer 10 causes the timer 10 to restore the electromagnetic switching valve 15 via the booster circuit 14, and the timer 10 causes the timer 10 to restore the electromagnetic switching valve 15 through the booster circuit 14, and counteracts this along the direction of movement of the weight 4, as shown in FIG. A plurality of proximity switches 8, 8... are placed close to each other at appropriate intervals, and electromagnetic switching is performed via the relay 9 and booster circuit 14 by the signal of the lowest one of the proximity switches 8, 8... The valve 15 is energized and the electromagnetic switching valve 15 is restored by a signal from one of the other proximity switches 8 selected in advance by the selector 12.

However, in the one shown in FIG. 1 above, in order to change the stroke of the weight 4, the mounting position of the limit switch 7 at the upper end must be changed, which is impossible while the hammer is operating, and the second The one in the picture is
Since only the inflow time of oil or air into the cylinder 1 was controlled, an accurate stroke of the weight 4 could not be obtained due to the influence of the accuracy of the timer 10, the flow rate and viscosity of the hydraulic oil or air, etc.

Moreover, the limit switch 7 used in the ones shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a moving part inside it,
The vibration resistance was low.

Furthermore, the one in Fig. 3 requires a large number of proximity switches 8, 8 in order to freely change the stroke of the weight 4.
There were some inconveniences such as the need to place...

In addition, especially with pile driving machines, it is not only difficult to accurately detect the lowest position of the stroke of the weight 4, but also when performing construction on hard ground.
Because the weight bounces depending on the hardness, the weight 4
In order to avoid supplying hydraulic oil or air while the weight is falling, conventionally, the fall of the weight 4 is detected just before the bottom of the stroke, and a timer is set to stop the solenoid switching valve 1 after a certain period of time has elapsed.
5, but this had the disadvantage that the number of strikes per unit time decreased.

In view of the above, the present invention uses a small number of proximity switches to constantly detect the position of the weight and energize or demagnetize the electromagnetic switching valve at the required time to operate, thereby causing the weight to always perform the desired movement in a constant and accurate manner. This was done in an effort to provide a pile driver that could increase the number of strikes per unit time.

This will be explained in detail based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

Note that the same members as in FIGS. 1 to 3 are indicated by the same numbers.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a hydraulically or pneumatically actuated cylinder, inside which a piston 2 is slidably mounted, and a weight 4 is connected to the tip of a piston rod 3 protruding from the piston 2.

This weight 4 is usually made of a magnetic material such as copper or iron, and has holes formed in a row at regular intervals or at required intervals to form spaces 5, 5, etc. along the direction of its movement. , is made of a non-magnetic material, and the exposed portions 4a, 4a, .

In addition, if the length of the switch part 6 is shorter than the stroke of the weight 4, the switch part 6
If necessary, the proximity switches 8 and 8 are spaced apart from each other by the length of
By connecting 8 in parallel, this pulse signal can be continuously generated.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the switch part 6 includes a switch plate 6a made of a magnetic material of an appropriate length attached to the weight 4, and spaces 5, 5... are provided here to make the switch plate 6a non-magnetic. The exposed portions 6b, 6b, . . . may be made of magnetic material, and magnetic material and non-magnetic material may be alternately arranged.

Furthermore, by arranging the switch parts 6 in two or more rows in parallel with a slight phase shift from each other, and by arranging a proximity switch 8 corresponding to each switch part 6, the stroke of the weight 4 can be controlled more precisely. It can also be adjusted to

The switch section 6 arranged in this manner moves in accordance with the movement of the weight 4, and passes just in front of the sensor section of the proximity switch 8, thereby transmitting continuous pulse-shaped pulses for each unit magnetic body to the proximity switch 8 one after another. It generates a signal.

The proximity switch 8 is fixed to a machine frame (not shown) that supports the cylinder 1.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a counter circuit, which integrates the pulse-shaped signals generated by the proximity switch 8 while the weight 4 is rising, and subtracts the number of pulse-shaped signals from the integrated value while the weight 4 is falling. This integrated value or subtracted value is sent to the logic circuit 13 and a weight position display device (not shown).

The logic circuit 13 is for controlling energization to the booster circuit 14, and compares a value input and set in advance by the selector 12 (set value) with the integrated value sent from the counter circuit 11, and calculates the integrated value. If the value is smaller than the set value, continue energizing,
When the integrated value and the set value become equal, the energization is stopped, and when the subtracted value becomes 0, one cycle is completed, the poison electricity is started again, and the integration is started.

While the booster circuit 14 is energized by the logic circuit 13, it amplifies the current, excites the electromagnetic switching valve 15 to move it to the position shown in the figure, and in this state supplies hydraulic oil or air to the cylinder 1 to maintain the heavy load. Raise weight 4.

When this energization is stopped, the solenoid switching valve 1
5 is restored by its internal restoring spring, the supply of hydraulic oil or air is stopped, and the hydraulic oil or air in cylinder 1 is released, and the weight 4 falls and collides with the workpiece 16. be.

Although not shown, it has a built-in timer.
When the proximity switch 8 detects that the weight 4 is at the lower end of its stroke, it activates this timer, and after the minute time set here has elapsed, the proximity switch 8 again switches the weight 4 to the lower end of its stroke. Make sure that the solenoid switching valve 15 is located at the lower end.
By activating this, when used as a pile driver, this confirmation can be made easy and the number of hits can be increased.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained according to the flowchart shown in FIG.

Step 0 The device according to the invention is energized, becomes operational and proceeds to the next step 1.

Step 1 If the operation switch is “ON”, proceed to the next step 2; if it is “OFF”, turn it on at this step.
It is paused until .

Step 2 If the integrated value is "0", the counter circuit 11 is instructed to integrate the pulse signals and the process proceeds to the next step 3. If the integrated value is not "0", the process is temporarily stopped at this step until it becomes "0". .

Step 3 If the automatic side of the automatic/manual selector switch is “ON”, proceed to the next step 4; if it is “OFF”, that is, the manual side is “ON”, proceed to the manual operation circuit, and the push button switch of this circuit If it turns “ON”, proceed to the next step 4.

Step 4: The electromagnetic switching valve 15 is energized via the booster circuit 14, and the electromagnetic switching valve 15 operates to raise the weight 4, and the process proceeds to the next step 5. Even after this, the electromagnetic switching valve 15 continues to be energized.

Step 5 If it is detected that the weight 4 has reached the lifting limit based on the signal from the proximity switch 8' for detecting the lifting limit of the stroke, the process immediately proceeds to step 7 and the weight 4 overruns (misses) the maximum stroke. If it is detected from the signal from the proximity switch 8' that the upper limit of the stroke has not yet been reached, the process proceeds to the next step 6.

Step 6 If the integrated value of the counter circuit 11 has not reached the set value, return to step 5 and repeat the operations from step 5 to step 6 until it reaches the set value.
When the two become equal, proceed to the next step 7.

Step 7: The energization to the electromagnetic switching valve 15 via the booster circuit 14 is stopped, so that the electromagnetic switching valve 15 returns to its original state and the weight 4 is dropped, and the process proceeds to the next step 8.
It also instructs the counter circuit 11 to subtract the integrated value of the counter circuit 11 every time a pulse signal is received.

Step 8 If the integrated value of the counter circuit 11 is not "0", it is temporarily stopped at this step until it reaches "0", and
If it is "0", proceed to the next step 9.

Step 9 The timer advances to step 1 after a small amount of time has elapsed.
Thereafter, repeat the above operation. In addition, at this time, step 2
Make sure that the weight 4 is at the bottom of the stroke.

Step 11 Proximity switch 8 connects the magnetic body 4 directly in front of its sensor part.
Each time a passes, one pulse-shaped signal is generated as shown in the signal column on the left, and this is sent to the next step 12.

Step 12 The counter circuit 11 receives the pulse-shaped signal from the previous step 11, integrates or subtracts it according to the command received at that time, and converts it into a binary value as shown on the left. Above step 2,
6, 8 and a weight position display device, respectively.

Step 13 The weight position display device inputs the signal received from step 12 through the interface, and displays the position of the weight 4 in digital or analog form.

Step 14 Print the position of the weight 4 displayed in step 12 above using a printer if necessary. Note that the above steps have been explained for the case where the pulse-shaped signal generated as the weight 4 rises is integrated, but it is also possible to subtract it from the set value and integrate it while the weight 4 is falling; in this case, the step In step 2 and 8, "the integrated value is "0"" is replaced by "the subtracted value and the set value are equal", and in step 6, "the integrated value has not reached the set value" is replaced by "the subtracted value is ""does not reach 0", respectively, and "subtraction" in step 7 is replaced with "accumulation".

The above operation is repeated until the operation switch is turned OFF, but the falling height of the weight 4 can be adjusted by changing the set value even during operation. By using a weight position display device like this, the position of the weight 4 can be displayed digitally or analogously at all times.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the position of the weight 4 is constantly detected and the movement of the weight 4 is controlled based on this, this movement can be performed constantly and accurately, and the position of the weight 4 can be constantly detected. Adjustment of the falling height of the switch 4 can be done almost continuously (stepless) and accurately, and since a large number of proximity switches 8 are not required, it can be manufactured at low cost.

In addition, by detecting once that the weight 4 is at the lower end of its stroke and then re-detecting it to confirm, it is possible to avoid applying excessive stress to the hydraulic or pneumatic circuit and the components of the hammer per unit time. It has various effects such as being able to increase the number of hits with the hammer.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are circuit schematic diagrams showing different conventional examples, FIGS. 4 to 6 are circuit schematic diagrams showing different embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing the operation of the present invention. This is a flowchart. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Cylinder, 2... Piston, 3... Piston rod, 4... Weight, 4a... Exposed part (magnetic material), 5
...Space part (non-magnetic material), 6...Switch part, 6a...
Switch plate, 6b... Exposed part (magnetic material), 8... Proximity switch, 11... Counter circuit, 12... Selector, 13... Logic circuit, 14... Booster circuit,
15...Solenoid switching valve.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A hydraulic or pneumatic hammer for pile driving is provided with a switch portion on the side surface of the weight, in which magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials are arranged alternately in a line along the direction of movement, and the switch portion A proximity switch is fixed via a frame at a position close to and facing the weight, and the pulse-shaped signal generated by the proximity switch as the weight moves is integrated, and the position of the weight is detected from this value, and the logic circuit is 1. A control device for a hydraulic or pneumatic hammer, characterized in that it is configured to control the movement of a weight by operating an electromagnetic switching valve via a. 2. The control device for a hydraulic or pneumatic hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that two or more proximity switches are arranged with a length separation between the switch parts. 3 Set the switch parts slightly out of phase with each other.
3. A control device for a hydraulic or pneumatic hammer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the controllers are arranged in rows or more, and a proximity switch is provided corresponding to each of the switch sections. 4. Claims 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that a switch plate in which magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials are alternately arranged in a line is attached to the weight, and this serves as a switch portion. Control device for the hydraulic or pneumatic hammer described. 5. The proximity switch once detects that the weight is at the lower end of its stroke, then detects it again after a short period of time has elapsed to confirm this, and after this confirmation, operates the electromagnetic switching valve. A control device for a hydraulic or pneumatic hammer according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4.