JPS6156203B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The invention of the present application relates to an agent for killing insects, suppressing plant pathogens, controlling humidity in greenhouses, etc., and a method for producing the same. The present invention relates to a composition that is effective in creating a favorable environment for the growth of plants, improving the working conditions of greenhouse workers, and maintaining health in terms of health and hygiene, and a method for producing the same. Conventionally, cultivation using greenhouses has become common in agriculture, horticulture, seedling raising, early cultivation, out-of-season cultivation, etc., and its scale has also increased, and together with cultivation and fishing, it has now become an important source of food for our country's diet, and has become a comprehensive Greenhouse cultivation technology is progressing day by day. Improvements have also been made in fertilizers, soil improvement, prevention of pests and diseases, advances in pesticides, automatic temperature control in greenhouses, ventilation, and other improvements to the cultivation environment that is adapted to the type of cultivated plants and the purpose of cultivation. It has become possible to harvest large amounts of high-quality crops at any time. However, these facilities and comprehensive techniques are not necessarily perfect in terms of the cultivation of cultivated plants, the working conditions of cultivation personnel, health and hygiene, and there is still room for improvement. For example, strengthening photosynthesis by ensuring effective sunlight, improving fuel efficiency, activating the physiological functions of plants by controlling humidity, making the working environment of cultivation workers more comfortable and eliminating conditions harmful to health and hygiene by dehumidifying, and other measures such as high temperature and high humidity. Due to deficiencies in preventive measures against so-called greenhouse disease (house disease) caused by pesticides and soil improvement methods, it is difficult to see through indoor spaces due to the formation of fog caused by high temperatures and high humidity, making work difficult. The facilitation of the process is hindered, and the frequent occurrence of greenhouse diseases such as dizziness, headaches, back pain, and vomiting caused by continuous inhalation of substances harmful to health due to evaporation and diffusion of disease control pesticides, especially those contained in sprayed pesticides. The transpiration of carcinogenic substances such as organochlorine insecticides, organic mercury agents, and tar is not fully understood academically, but there are increasing voices of concern that it may cause cancer patients. The situation was increasing, and various drawbacks were unavoidable. In view of the above, after many years of research, the inventors have completed the present invention which overcomes and eliminates some of these deficiencies. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to moderately adjust the humidity in a greenhouse in a simpler way and at a lower cost, quickly eliminate any fog or condensation that is occurring, and
Alternatively, it is an object of the present invention to provide a humidity reducing agent that can prevent the generation of fog, and a method for producing the same.The next object of the present invention is to adsorb fertilizer components in the soil after spreading and settling, to make it slow-release, and to improve its replacement properties. It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition that can improve soil with a base and contribute to the growth of plants, and a method for producing the composition.
Furthermore, the next object of the present invention is to provide a composition and a composition capable of suppressing and exterminating the occurrence of pests and diseases of plants, and therefore capable of replacing harmful pesticides currently in use or reducing the amount of the pesticides used. An object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method thereof. The above objects and other objects and features of the present invention can be learned from the following description. The composition of the present invention is characterized in that distilled smoke of so-called crude wood vinegar is adsorbed to fine powder on naturally produced montmorillonite or similar porous minerals under certain conditions. is a white or grayish-white fine ore deposit estimated to have been formed by alteration of oblique rhyolite veins and tuff to volcanic breccia of the Miocene Iwami Group Kuri Formation in the Ota City area of Shimane Prefecture. It is produced in the form of a lump of powder, and has the following properties such as composition, degree of swelling, and base substitution capacity.

【table】

[Table] In addition, the adsorbed wood vinegar is obtained by distilling and refining the known crude wood vinegar that is effective for sterilization, antiseptic, insect repellent, deodorizing, improving the physiological effects of animals and plants, etc. obtained by dry distilling wood, and then smoking it. Smoke liquid with a dissolved tar content of 0.05% or less is mixed with 20 to 40 weight ratio of 100 pieces of montmorillonite made into fine powder of 100 to 150 mesh and adsorbed. Prevents the dissipation of the aerosol content and maintains its medicinal efficacy. As a feature of the present invention, the above-mentioned crude wood vinegar solution is distilled and purified to adsorb smoke liquid. Conventionally, crude wood vinegar solution was used as it is for disinfectants or deodorants, but crude wood vinegar solution usually contains It contains about 2% carcinogenic dissolved tar, and if crude wood vinegar containing this dissolved tar is used, the carcinogenic substances will accumulate after being sprayed and settled, due to the accumulation of continuous spraying. This is because there is a risk of cancerous disease occurring in the future due to adverse effects due to adhesion or transpiration.Although there has been no history of damage caused by the carcinogenic dissolved tar in the crude wood vinegar, there is a risk that it may have an adverse effect on the human body. Based on the knowledge that the use of substances that are recognized to be harmful should be avoided as much as possible, the use of crude wood vinegar is not particularly adopted in the present invention. However, as will be described later, no difference was observed in the product's insecticidal and pathogen-inhibiting effects due to the adsorption of distilled smoke to crude wood vinegar in the present invention compared to the use of crude wood vinegar. In addition, the weight ratio of the liquid smoke is 20 to 40 per 100 amounts of montmorillonite because it is difficult to expect medicinal effects such as insecticidal effects if the amount of smoke is less than 20, and sufficient medicinal effects can be expected even if the amount of smoke is less than 40. This is the result. Next, an example will be explained. Example 1 Naturally produced montmorillonite lump mineral is air-dried and made into small pieces of 10 to 20 m/m, and then processed using a powder frame machine.
After pulverizing into 150 mesh fine powder, 100 volumes of the main material are heated and dehydrated in a rotary kiln dryer at 80℃ for 10 minutes, and 30 volumes of smoke liquid with a dissolved tar content of 0.05% or less obtained by distilling crude wood vinegar are used. The mixture was sprayed and mixed in a weight ratio, and the fine powder of montmorillonite was adsorbed with liquid smoke.The mixture was left at room temperature for 5 days to even out the adsorption of liquid smoke onto the main montmorillonite material, and then this mixture was heated in a rotary kiln. Dryer at 60℃
The mixture was heated and dehydrated for 10 minutes to obtain a fine powder product base. Next, 20 amounts of the above base material were mixed with 80 amounts of montmorillonite, which had been heat-dehydrated and heated to 150 mesh as the montmorillonite used as the base material and had not yet been adsorbed with liquid smoke, mixed and stirred in a weight ratio to obtain a product. Example 2 Naturally produced montmorillonite lump mineral was once air-dried into pieces with a size of 10 to 20 m/m, which was ground into a fine powder of 100 mesh, and then heated and dehydrated at 100°C for 10 minutes in a rotary kiln dryer. For 100 parts of the main material, 40 parts of smoke liquid containing 0.05% or less of dissolved tar obtained by distilling crude wood vinegar solution is sprayed and mixed in a weight ratio, and the smoke liquid is adsorbed on fine montmorillonite powder at room temperature. After being left to stand for 7 days to equalize the adsorption of liquid smoke, this product was further heated and dehydrated in a dryer at 50°C for 10 minutes to obtain a fine powder product base. A product was obtained by mixing and stirring in a weight ratio of 100 meshes of heated and dehydrated montmorillonite before smoke liquid adsorption to 20 amounts of the above base. A product obtained by mixing and stirring montmorillonite into the base obtained in the first example above was passed through a known powder spreader as a powder to an area of 30 are and at a room temperature of 18 cm.
℃, humidity is 85 degrees, fog has formed inside the room and it is difficult to see 10 meters ahead, and when 20 kg of mitigation agent is sprayed in a greenhouse with dew condensation on the side walls, the condensation flows down the side walls and the fog disappears in about 10 minutes. It was erased and the visibility was good, the humidity inside the room was 65 degrees, it was refreshing, and the sunlight was irradiating well, making it possible to improve heating costs. Conventionally, the room temperature can be reduced by opening windows to ventilate and dehumidify, but opening the windows lowers the room temperature and is not appropriate for maintaining constant temperature. The above is due to the fact that when the relaxation agent sprinkled in the liquid layer of fog that fills the room is homogenized and suspended, moisture is rapidly adsorbed due to its porous adsorption ability, and the suspended content increases the gravity. , the fog settled on the ground or on the leaves and stems of plants, and no fog was observed for a long time afterwards. In addition, above 30 are, room temperature 16℃, humidity 80℃,
No fog was observed, but as the outside air cooled down the next morning, 20 kg of a mitigating agent was sprinkled inside the greenhouse where fog was expected to form indoors.The room was left until the next morning, and when the room was inspected, no fog was detected. No formation or condensation was observed. That is, it is recognized that the humidity was alleviated as a result of the particles of the relaxing agent sprayed and floating in the room adsorbing the water vapor that was evaporating into the room. Therefore, plants cultivated in the greenhouse early in the morning will not be blocked from sunlight due to fog formation or dew condensation on the side walls or ceiling, and the duration of the physiological action of photosynthesis by the sun's light source will be reduced. As a result of the labor cost being reduced, the leaf temperature can be increased and the physiological action of opening the leaf stomata can be promoted, resulting in good results in terms of plant growth. In addition, by alleviating the humid condition in the room, appropriately lowering the humidity, and adjusting the room temperature to an appropriate temperature, the transpiration effect of plants becomes active, which is extremely effective for the growth of plants. As a result of the above, the relaxation agent of the present invention was used to adjust the humidity in a greenhouse with a room temperature suitable for cultivated plants, and as a result of experimental cultivation, the yield of seedlings, growth of vegetables, and fruiting yield were improved compared to conventional greenhouses. etc., and we were able to achieve high yield results. Furthermore, pathogenic bacteria such as sclerotia, downy mildew, powdery mildew, etc., which occur frequently in greenhouses due to high temperature and humidity, and pests such as oil beetles (aphids) can be found on the ground and on leaves and stems after being sprayed and settled. Due to the medicinal properties of the wood syrup, it was possible to suppress the activity of pests and disease-causing bacteria and reduce damage. This means that the pyroligneous acid solution can be absorbed by plants or transpired indoors during infiltration into the soil due to the adsorption and swelling properties of the precipitated relaxation agent.
It is recognized that its medicinal effects work. In addition, the precipitated mitigation agent swells in the soil and is absorbed into the soil, reducing bacteria, and its base substitution properties improve the soil, adsorb fertilizer components, make them slow-release, and improve plant growth. This is recognized as a result of improving the environment. Furthermore, by spraying this mitigating agent not only in a greenhouse but also on plants being cultivated outdoors or on the ground in powder or liquid form, pests can be exterminated or symptoms caused by pathogenic bacteria can be suppressed. Next, the results of an experiment using the relaxation agent according to the second example were not much different from the results in the first example, but compared to the 150 mesh montmorillonite in the first example, the main material was 100 mesh montmorillonite. It was found that the dehumidifying effect and the insecticidal and pest-inhibiting effects of the relaxation agent of Example 2 were slightly inferior. Therefore, it is desirable that the number of particles of the main material montmorillonite be 100 meshes or more. As mentioned above, the humidity reducing agent according to the present invention reduces the humidity in the greenhouse, eliminates fog or condensation, or prevents its occurrence, thereby making the greenhouse comfortable. , improves the working environment, contributes to the health and hygiene of workers, and eliminates fog or condensation, making sunlight irradiation more effective, thereby effectively activating photosynthesis of plants, and reducing indoor humidity. By moderately adjusting the humidity, the transpiration effect can be made suitable by selecting a humidity suitable for the transpiration effect of the plant, and the environment for growing plants can be significantly improved. Furthermore, the medicinal effects of adsorbing wood vinegar smoke can bring about good results such as killing insects and suppressing the outbreak of disease-causing bacteria, as well as soil improvement effects due to the adsorption, swelling, and base substitution properties of montmorillonite, resulting in high yields. You can expect it.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An insecticide/bactericide in which pyroligneous vinegar is mixed and adsorbed to montmorillonite powder, which is obtained by distilling crude pyroligneous vinegar into powder of 100 to 150 mesh of naturally produced montmorillonite and refining it to 0.05% or less of dissolved tar. Smoke liquid 20~
Base material obtained by mixing and adsorbing 40% by weight 20~
Montmorillonite before adsorption of the above smoke liquid to 30% ~ 100%
An agent for killing insects, inhibiting pests, and reducing humidity in greenhouses, etc., characterized by a mixture of 70 to 80% of 150 mesh powder by weight. 2. In the method for producing insecticides and fungicides in which pyroligneous vinegar is mixed and adsorbed to montmorillonite powder, crude pyroligneous vinegar is distilled into 100 to 150 mesh powder of naturally produced montmorillonite, heated and dehydrated, and dissolved tar 0.05
The first step is to mix and adsorb 20 to 40% of smoke liquid purified to less than 20% by weight, and the second step is to leave the mixture that has passed through the first step at room temperature for 5 to 7 days, and then further heat and dehydrate it. A base is obtained by the process, and then the base is
The third step is to mix 70 to 80% of the montmorillonite powder before adsorption of the smoke liquid in a weight ratio of 20 to 30% and seal it.
A method for producing an insecticidal, pest-inhibiting, and humidity-reducing agent for greenhouses, etc., characterized by combining the above steps.