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JPS6156242B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6156242B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6156242B2
JPS6156242B2 JP56122077A JP12207781A JPS6156242B2 JP S6156242 B2 JPS6156242 B2 JP S6156242B2 JP 56122077 A JP56122077 A JP 56122077A JP 12207781 A JP12207781 A JP 12207781A JP S6156242 B2 JPS6156242 B2 JP S6156242B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
polymerization
temperature
polymerization initiator
vinyl chloride
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP56122077A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5823807A (en
Inventor
Takao Miwa
Hitoshi Imamura
Kozo Ogino
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanken Kako KK
Original Assignee
Sanken Kako KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanken Kako KK filed Critical Sanken Kako KK
Priority to JP56122077A priority Critical patent/JPS5823807A/en
Publication of JPS5823807A publication Critical patent/JPS5823807A/en
Publication of JPS6156242B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6156242B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Landscapes

  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、塩化ビニル単量体あるいは、塩化ビ
ニル単量体、およびこれと共重合可能な単量体を
重合するに当り、 (1) あるいは、 (2) あるいは、(1)、(2)の混合物を使用する塩化ビニ
ルの重合方法に関するものである。 従来、塩化ビニル単量体を、懸濁重合するに際
し、ジラウロイルペルオキシドや、アゾビスイソ
ブチロニトリル等の油溶性重合開始剤が用いられ
ることは、すでに公知である。 しかしながら、これらは比較的高い重合温度を
必要とし、しかもかなり多量使用しなければ、重
合が完結しないという点で、経済性に大きな問題
があつた。 この点を改良し、しかも重合サイクルを短縮し
て生産性を高める為の重合技術の進歩に伴つて、
低温活性型の重合開始剤が開発され、現在ではア
セチルシクロヘキシルスルホニルペルオキシドや
ジイソプロピルペルオキシジカーボネート、ジ2
−エチルヘキシルペルオキシジカーボネート等の
低温活性型のペルオキシドが使用されている。 しかし、これらの低温活性型ペルオキシドは低
温で高い重合速度を与えるが、温度に対して非常
に、不安定で、又、アセチルシクロヘキシルスル
ホニルペルオキシド如きは、衝撃に対しても非常
に鋭敏である為、取り扱い上の危険性が非常に大
であり、しかも、得られた重合体が着色する欠点
があつた。 本発明者らは、低温活性であり、取り扱いの点
でより安全で、重合体の着色もより少ない重合開
始剤を見い出すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、 (1) あるいは、 (2) あるいは、(1)、(2)を混合使用することによつ
て、これらの要件を満足することを、見い出した
ものである。 すなわち、本発明の重合開始剤は、次のような
多くのすぐれた特徴を有している。 1 重合開始剤として低温活性でありながら触媒
の活性持続性に、すぐれている。 2 温度に対しては、アセチルシクロヘキシルス
ルホニルペルオキシドやジイソプロピルペルオ
キシジカーボネートと同程度の低温活性であり
ながら、非常に安定であり、常温での取り扱い
が可能で、貯蔵、輸送の際にも常温もしくは、
若干の保冷で、充分である。 3 低温活性の為、重合サイクルが、短縮され、
生産が高められる。 4 得られた重合体の熱安定性が良い。 フイルム加工の場合、従来の重合開始剤を用い
て得られた重合体フイルムよりも着色度が少な
い。 本発明において実施される懸濁重合方法は、新
規な重合開始剤を使用する以外は、通常の方法で
良い。 重合開始剤の使用量は、一般に単量体の仕込量
100重量部に対して0.001〜0.5重量部、特に好ま
しくは、0.05〜0.3重量部使用される。 重合開始剤の使用量が、0.001重量部以下では
重合速度および重合率が低下し、重合が不完全と
なり、一方0.5重量部以上では、反応制御が困難
になり、又、得られた重合体の品質が低下するの
で好ましくない。 一般に、重合温度は、20℃〜75℃、好ましく
は、30℃〜60℃の温度範囲である。重合温度が20
℃以下では反応時間が長くなり、一方、75℃以上
になると重合開始剤の寿命が短かくなり、良好な
重合率に到達させることが困難となるので、好ま
しくない。 本発明に使用される塩化ビニル単量体と共重合
可能な単量体としては、スチレン、酢酸ビニル、
アクリル酸エステル類、その他ビニリデンクロラ
イド、及びモノオレフイン等が挙げられる。 本発明に使用される重合開始剤 (1) は、ネオペンチルアルコールと、ホスゲンとの
反応によつて得られるネオペンチルクロロホー
メイトを2モルと過酸化ソーダ水溶液あるい
は、過酸化カリ水溶液もしくは、これらの混合
液1〜1.5モルとを、反応温度−10℃〜30℃、
好ましくは0〜15℃で反応させ得る事が出来
る。 又、 (2) は、ネオペンチルクロロホーメイト、2モル
と、ネオペンチルグリコールとホスゲンとの反
応とによつて得られるネオペンチルビスクロロ
ホーメイト1モル及び過酸化ソーダ水溶液ある
いは過酸化カリ水溶液あるいはこれらの混合物
を2〜2.5モルで重合開始剤(1)と同様の温度条
件で反応することにより、得ることが出来る。 本発明の重合開始剤は単独で使用しても、従来
用いられているペルオキシジカーボネート類、ジ
アシルペルオキシド類、ペルオキシエステル類、
アセチルアルキルスルホニルペルオキシド類のよ
うなペルオキシド類及びアゾビス系開始剤と混合
使用しても好結果が得られる。 以下実施例を示し本発明を具体的に説明する
が、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 開始剤の合成例 1 50%苛性ソーダ105.6g(1.32モル)に水279.1
gを加え、さらに35%過酸化水素水64.1g(0.66
モル)を15℃以下で加えた後、温度を5℃以下で
ネオペンチルクロロホーメイト180.7g(1.20モ
ル)を滴下し、温度を10℃に上げ反応を続け、結
晶が析出したら反応を停止し、結晶を口別し、水
洗を数回繰り返し、乾燥を行い、白色結晶を141
g得た。 得られた結晶の融点は46〜47℃で、活性酸素量
は6.10%であつた。これを重合開始剤(1)とする。 開始剤の合成例 2 30%苛性カリ115g0.62モルに水64.6gを加え
さらに35%過酸化水素水30g(0.31モル)を15℃
以下で加えた後、温度を5℃以下で、ネオペンチ
ルビスクロロホーメイト32.0g(0.14モル)を滴
下しさらに、ネオペンチルクロロホーメイト42.2
g(0.28モル)を滴下し、温度を15℃に上げ反応
を続け、結晶が析出したら反応を停止し、結晶を
口別し、水洗を数回繰り返し、乾燥を行い、白色
粉末を80g得た。 得られた粉末の融点は59〜60℃で活性酸素量は
7.0%であつた。これを重合開始剤(2)とする。 実施例 1 ステンレス製オートクレーブ中で塩化ビニル90
部、酢酸ビニル10部と重合開始剤(1)0.2部とを、
ポリビニアルコール0.1%水溶液200部に懸濁し、
重合温度45℃にて10時間重合を行つた所、塩化ビ
ニル・酢酸ビニル共重合体を93%の収率で得た。 又、重合開始剤(1)の代りに重合開始剤(2)を用い
た場合の重合体収率は91%であつた。 実施例 2 ステンレス製オートクレーブ中で、第一表に示
すように、脱イオン水、重合開始剤、ポリビニル
アルコールを懸濁させ、窒素で十分置換し、塩化
ビニルを仕込み43℃で懸濁重合を行つた。 重合は、8時間続け、圧力を常圧にもどし、終
了とし、該表に示す結果を得た。
In polymerizing vinyl chloride monomers or vinyl chloride monomers and monomers copolymerizable therewith, the present invention provides (1) Or (2) Alternatively, it relates to a method for polymerizing vinyl chloride using a mixture of (1) and (2). It is already known that oil-soluble polymerization initiators such as dilauroyl peroxide and azobisisobutyronitrile are used in suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers. However, these methods require a relatively high polymerization temperature, and the polymerization is not completed unless they are used in a large amount, which poses a major economic problem. With the advancement of polymerization technology to improve this point, shorten the polymerization cycle, and increase productivity,
Low-temperature-activated polymerization initiators have been developed, and currently, acetylcyclohexylsulfonyl peroxide, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, di-2
- Low temperature active peroxides such as ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate are used. However, although these low temperature activated peroxides give a high polymerization rate at low temperatures, they are very unstable with respect to temperature, and others such as acetylcyclohexylsulfonyl peroxide are very sensitive to shock. It is very dangerous to handle and has the disadvantage that the obtained polymer is colored. The present inventors conducted extensive research to find a polymerization initiator that is active at low temperatures, is safer to handle, and causes less coloring of the polymer, and as a result, (1) Or (2) Alternatively, it has been discovered that these requirements can be satisfied by using a mixture of (1) and (2). That is, the polymerization initiator of the present invention has many excellent features as follows. 1. As a polymerization initiator, it is active at low temperatures and has excellent long-lasting catalyst activity. 2. Regarding temperature, although it has low-temperature activity comparable to that of acetylcyclohexylsulfonyl peroxide and diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, it is extremely stable and can be handled at room temperature, and can be stored and transported at room temperature or at room temperature.
A little cold storage is sufficient. 3. Due to low temperature activity, polymerization cycle is shortened,
Production is increased. 4 The obtained polymer has good thermal stability. In the case of film processing, the degree of coloration is less than that of polymer films obtained using conventional polymerization initiators. The suspension polymerization method carried out in the present invention may be a conventional method, except that a novel polymerization initiator is used. The amount of polymerization initiator used is generally the amount of monomer charged.
It is used in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.3 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight. If the amount of the polymerization initiator used is less than 0.001 parts by weight, the polymerization rate and polymerization rate will decrease, resulting in incomplete polymerization, while if it is more than 0.5 parts by weight, it will be difficult to control the reaction, and the resulting polymer This is undesirable because the quality deteriorates. Generally, the polymerization temperature ranges from 20°C to 75°C, preferably from 30°C to 60°C. Polymerization temperature is 20
If the temperature is below 75°C, the reaction time will be long, while if it is above 75°C, the life of the polymerization initiator will be shortened and it will be difficult to reach a good polymerization rate, which is not preferable. Monomers copolymerizable with the vinyl chloride monomer used in the present invention include styrene, vinyl acetate,
Examples include acrylic esters, vinylidene chloride, and monoolefins. Polymerization initiator (1) used in the present invention 2 moles of neopentyl chloroformate obtained by the reaction of neopentyl alcohol and phosgene and 1 to 1.5 moles of a sodium peroxide aqueous solution, a potassium peroxide aqueous solution, or a mixture thereof at a reaction temperature. −10℃~30℃,
Preferably, the reaction can be carried out at 0 to 15°C. Also, (2) is 2 moles of neopentyl chloroformate, 1 mole of neopentyl bischloroformate obtained by the reaction of neopentyl glycol and phosgene, and 2 moles of an aqueous solution of sodium peroxide, an aqueous solution of potassium peroxide, or a mixture thereof. It can be obtained by reacting with ~2.5 mol of polymerization initiator (1) under the same temperature conditions. Even if the polymerization initiator of the present invention is used alone, it can be used with conventionally used peroxydicarbonates, diacyl peroxides, peroxyesters,
Good results can also be obtained when mixed with peroxides such as acetylalkylsulfonyl peroxides and azobis-based initiators. The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Synthesis example of initiator 1 105.6 g (1.32 mol) of 50% caustic soda and 279.1 g of water
g, and then add 64.1 g (0.66 g) of 35% hydrogen peroxide solution.
After adding 180.7 g (1.20 mol) of neopentyl chloroformate at a temperature below 5°C, the temperature was raised to 10°C and the reaction was continued. When crystals precipitated, the reaction was stopped. , separate the crystals, wash with water several times, dry, and collect the white crystals.
I got g. The melting point of the obtained crystals was 46-47°C, and the amount of active oxygen was 6.10%. This is referred to as a polymerization initiator (1). Synthesis example of initiator 2 Add 64.6 g of water to 115 g (0.62 mole) of 30% caustic potassium and add 30 g (0.31 mole) of 35% hydrogen peroxide solution at 15°C.
After adding the following, 32.0 g (0.14 mol) of neopentyl bischloroformate was added dropwise at a temperature of 5°C or lower, and 42.2 g of neopentyl chloroformate was added.
g (0.28 mol) was added dropwise, the temperature was raised to 15°C, the reaction was continued, and when crystals precipitated, the reaction was stopped, the crystals were separated, washed with water several times, and dried to obtain 80 g of white powder. . The melting point of the obtained powder is 59-60℃ and the amount of active oxygen is
It was 7.0%. This is used as a polymerization initiator (2). Example 1 Vinyl chloride 90 in a stainless steel autoclave
parts, 10 parts of vinyl acetate and 0.2 parts of polymerization initiator (1),
Suspended in 200 parts of polyvinyl alcohol 0.1% aqueous solution,
When polymerization was carried out at a polymerization temperature of 45° C. for 10 hours, a vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer was obtained with a yield of 93%. Furthermore, when polymerization initiator (2) was used instead of polymerization initiator (1), the polymer yield was 91%. Example 2 In a stainless steel autoclave, deionized water, a polymerization initiator, and polyvinyl alcohol were suspended as shown in Table 1, the atmosphere was sufficiently purged with nitrogen, vinyl chloride was charged, and suspension polymerization was carried out at 43°C. Ivy. The polymerization was continued for 8 hours and terminated by returning the pressure to normal pressure, and the results shown in the table were obtained.

【表】【table】

【表】 この結果から本発明の新規なペルオキシジカー
ボネイトは従来の低温活性ペルオキシドの代表と
されているジイソプロピルペルオキシジカーボネ
イトおよび、アセチルシクロヘキシルスルホニル
ペルオキシドに比較し、同程度の低温活性であ
り、しかも、重合収率の面ですぐれていることを
示している。 得られた重合体の熱安定性試験として重合体
100部、ジブチルスズマレート2.5部、更に可塑剤
としてD.O.P.30部を添加し150℃に保つたロール
で20分混練して、フイルムの着色度合を目視によ
り観察し、熱安定性の比較を行つた。 結果は、第二表の通りであつた。
[Table] The results show that the novel peroxydicarbonate of the present invention has the same low-temperature activity as diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate and acetylcyclohexylsulfonyl peroxide, which are representative of conventional low-temperature-active peroxides; This shows that the polymerization yield is excellent. The polymer was tested for thermal stability of the obtained polymer.
100 parts of the film, 2.5 parts of dibutyltin malate, and 30 parts of DOP as a plasticizer were added and kneaded for 20 minutes with a roll kept at 150°C.The degree of coloration of the film was visually observed and the thermal stability was compared. The results were as shown in Table 2.

【表】 上表で明らかなように、本発明方法によつて得
られる重合体の熱安定性は、すぐれていることが
認められる。 次に、本発明に用いられるペルオキシジカーボ
ネイトと、公知の低温活性ペルオキシドの諸性質
の比較を第3表に示す。
[Table] As is clear from the above table, it is recognized that the thermal stability of the polymer obtained by the method of the present invention is excellent. Next, Table 3 shows a comparison of the properties of the peroxydicarbonate used in the present invention and known low-temperature active peroxides.

【表】 第三表で、見られるとうり本発明に用いられる
重合開始剤は、低温活性でありながら熱安定性に
すぐれ、また第一表のように重合収率の面でも良
好であり、且つ第2表で示されるとおり、得られ
た重合体の熱安定性にもすぐれている。
[Table] As can be seen in Table 3, the polymerization initiator used in the present invention has excellent thermal stability while being active at low temperatures, and as shown in Table 1, it also has a good polymerization yield. Moreover, as shown in Table 2, the obtained polymer also has excellent thermal stability.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 塩化ビニル単量体、あるいは塩化ビニル単量
体及びこれと共重合可能な単量体を重合するに当
り、重合開始剤として (1) あるいは、 (2) あるいは、(1)、(2)を混合して用いることを特徴
とする塩化ビニルの重合方法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. (1) as a polymerization initiator in polymerizing vinyl chloride monomers or vinyl chloride monomers and monomers copolymerizable therewith. Or (2) Alternatively, a method for polymerizing vinyl chloride, characterized by using a mixture of (1) and (2).
JP56122077A 1981-08-04 1981-08-04 Polymerization of vinyl chloride Granted JPS5823807A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56122077A JPS5823807A (en) 1981-08-04 1981-08-04 Polymerization of vinyl chloride

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56122077A JPS5823807A (en) 1981-08-04 1981-08-04 Polymerization of vinyl chloride

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5823807A JPS5823807A (en) 1983-02-12
JPS6156242B2 true JPS6156242B2 (en) 1986-12-01

Family

ID=14827078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP56122077A Granted JPS5823807A (en) 1981-08-04 1981-08-04 Polymerization of vinyl chloride

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5823807A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61123031U (en) * 1985-01-21 1986-08-02

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6099056U (en) * 1983-12-08 1985-07-05 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Demolding equipment in casting equipment for anodes, etc.
JPS63130663A (en) * 1986-11-20 1988-06-02 Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd Silicone rubber composition
WO1994003525A1 (en) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-17 Akzo Nobel N.V. Polymeric peroxycarbonates and process for making them

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61123031U (en) * 1985-01-21 1986-08-02

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5823807A (en) 1983-02-12

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