JPS6228278B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for crushing large lumps in excavated earth and sand into small lumps that can be transported by a mud removal pipe in a mud water pressurizing shield excavator.

As is well known, a mud water pressurized shield excavator prevents the face from collapsing by supplying pressurized water into the chamber from a mud water treatment device installed at the rear of the shield excavator via a mud pipe. It is mixed with the earth and sand excavated by the cutter and entered into the chamber from the slit of the cutter face, and the mixture is sent to the muddy water treatment equipment through the mud drainage pipe equipped with pump equipment, and the muddy water and earth are removed by the muddy water treatment equipment. It has a structure in which the mud is separated from the tank and the mud is sent into the chamber again through the mud feeding pipe.

However, if a lump larger than the inside diameter of the sludge pipe or the inside of the pump gets mixed in with the excavated earth and sand, the large clump will block the sludge line and make it impossible to discharge the earth and sand, making it impossible for the shield excavator to remove the sludge. Excavation is obstructed. In order to prevent such troubles from occurring, the size of the large lumps should be predicted in advance, the diameter of the sludge pipe and pump specifications should be set according to the size, and equipment capable of transporting the sludge should be installed. Efforts are being made to achieve this goal.

However, with the above-mentioned approach, the sludge pipes and pump equipment become too large, which creates problems in terms of space when constructing shields with small tunnel cross sections, and also increases equipment costs. There is. For this reason, large lumps that cannot pass through the sludge drainage pipe are sorted out from the earth and sand before the entrance of the sludge drainage pipe, or are crushed to reduce the size and weight of the equipment.

However, methods that selectively remove large lumps may require manual removal work, which is not only unsafe, but also prevents digging during removal work, reducing the number of times the removal work is carried out. If this happens frequently, there is a disadvantage that it will result in intermittent excavation, resulting in construction loss.

On the other hand, in a shield excavator equipped with a crushing device for crushing the large lump, part or all of a movable tooth support mechanism and a movable tooth drive mechanism that constitute the crushing device are installed in a crushing chamber. FIG. 1 shows an example of this, and this shield excavator has a crushing device 3 installed at the entrance of a mud removal pipe 2 behind a cutter 1.
The crushing device 3 has a crushing chamber 5 formed by a crusher frame 4, fixed teeth 6 are provided on the bottom surface of the crusher frame 4, and a shaft 7 is provided at the upper part of the crushing chamber 5. ,
A movable jaw 9 having movable teeth 8 facing the fixed teeth 6 is pivotally mounted, and the tip of the movable jaw 9 is attached to a pin 12 on a piston rod 11 of a cylinder 10 attached to the crusher frame 4. It has a connected configuration.

In the shield excavator described above, the earth and sand excavated by the cutter 1 and entering the chamber 14 between the cutter 1 and the partition wall 13 through the slit (not shown) is mixed with mud water entering from the mud pipe 15. , the mixture is passed through the crusher frame 4 of the crusher 3.
Enter the crushing chamber 5 through the opening 16 formed in the
Large lumps mixed in the earth and sand are crushed between the movable teeth 8 and the fixed teeth 6 of the movable jaw 9 that is oscillated by the cylinder 10, and are discharged from the mud drain pipe 2 to the muddy water treatment device.

However, in the above-mentioned crushing apparatus, the shaft 7, the movable shaft 9, the piston rod 11 of the cylinder 10, and the connecting pin 12 are always exposed to muddy water. 11 by the connecting pin 12 requires a special seal to prevent excavated soil from entering. In addition, the piston rod 11 must be hard plated to protect it from damage caused by lumps, and the inlet of the cylinder 10 must be sealed against earth, sand, and muddy water. In addition, the piston rod 11 of the cylinder 10, the seals of the respective connecting parts, and the cylinder 10
Since the seals at the inlet are submerged in the earth and sand, it is impossible to check if they are damaged, resulting in a delay in responding to the damage, which may result in muddy water flowing into the cylinder 10, causing an accident, or causing damage to each connection part. There is a risk of rapid wear and play, which may lead to damage to the surrounding area.

An object of the present invention is to provide a mud water pressurized shield excavator in which a drive mechanism section that swings movable teeth is configured to
It is an object of the present invention to provide a crushing device which is extremely less likely to be worn out or damaged by muddy water, and which can easily confirm if a seal part is damaged.

In order to achieve this purpose, the crushing device of the present invention has a slit in the partition wall separating the crushing chamber from the outside, and a mounting arm on the movable blade to which the movable tooth is attached, which faces the fixed tooth in the crushing chamber. , a bearing case is provided on the outer surface of the partition wall so as to cover the slit, a fulcrum shaft of the movable wing is rotatably supported by a bearing attached to the bearing case, and the mounting arm of the movable tooth is inserted into the slit. A drive device is mounted on the fulcrum shaft, a seal is interposed between the support shaft and the bearing, and a drive device is provided outside the partition wall for rotating the fulcrum shaft in forward and reverse directions to swing the movable blades. It is characterized by the fact that

The details of the present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 7. In Figure 2, 20
21 is a cylindrical shield body; 21 is a cutter rotatably attached to the tip of the shield body 20;
Reference numeral 22 denotes a plurality of cutter buckets disposed behind the cutter 21 and integrally with the cutter in the circumferential direction, and 23 denotes a cutter bucket provided in the shield body 20 integrally with the shield body and facing upward at a position corresponding to the cutter bucket 22. A hopper for taking in soil, 24 is an opening/closing plate for opening and closing the gate of the hopper 23, and 25 is a cylinder for operating the opening/closing plate.

A lower part of the hopper 23 is provided with a lower part 27 for allowing small-diameter soil to flow down, and a crushing device 26 according to the present invention. A screen 29 that opens and closes is rotatably mounted around a fulcrum 30. Also, the lower part of the sediment flow 27
A sediment chamber 32 is formed at the lower part of the sediment flow outlet of the crushing device 26 to collect the sediment flowing down these parts, and the entrance portion of the mud removal pipe 33 faces into the sediment chamber 32. 34 is a mud feeding pipe that pumps muddy water into the chamber 35.

Next, to explain the outline of the operation of the shield excavator, the earth and sand excavated by the cutter 21 enters the chamber 35 through a slit (not shown), and is mixed with mud water pumped from the mud feeding pipe 34. mixed,
It is lifted upward by the katsuta bucket cart 22,
As shown in the figure, the opening/closing plate 24 is retracted from the entrance of the hopper 23 and placed in the open state. When the screen 29 is in an open state, only large chunks of the earth and sand thrown into the hopper 23 are guided to the crushing chamber 37 of the crushing device 26, where they are crushed.
It falls into the sediment chamber 32 from the flow outlet 31 and is discharged from the mud drainage pipe 33 to a muddy water treatment device (not shown) together with the soil flowing down the sediment flow lower part 27. on the other hand,
When the screen 29 is in the closed state, all of the earth and sand in the hopper 23 is guided to the crushing chamber 37.

Next, details of the crushing device 26 will be explained. Reference numeral 40 denotes an outer shell frame of the crushing device, which is attached to a partition wall 41 integral with the shield body 20 via bolts or the like. The outer shell frame 40 has a crushing chamber 37 formed on one side, as shown in FIG.
On the other side, a mounting portion 44 for a drive mechanism for the movable teeth 56 is formed via a partition wall 42. Further, the partition wall 42 is provided with two slits 45, 45. In addition, 80 is a hole for inserting and removing the movable blade, which will be described later.
81 is a lid that closes the hole 80.

Further, a bearing case 46 covering each slit 45 is formed on the outer surface of the partition wall 42 . This bearing case 46 includes left and right side plate portions 46a, 46a,
It consists of a top plate part 46b and a rear plate part 46c, and holes 47 are provided in the left and right side plate parts 46a, 46a.

Further, at the rear of the bearing case 46, left and right crushing cylinder support plates 49, 49 are erected integrally with the rear plate part 46c and the outer shell frame bottom plate part 48 of the bearing case 46, and on the tops of these support plates. A cylinder mounting plate 51 having a hole 50 is provided.

On the inner surface of the front wall 52 constituting the crushing chamber 37 of the outer shell frame 40, as shown in FIGS. It is removably attached via the

Furthermore, side plates 55 are removably attached to the inner surfaces of the left and right side walls 54 to prevent damage to the frame. Reference numeral 56 denotes a movable tooth detachably attached to the front surface of the movable wing 57. Like the fixed tooth 53, the movable tooth 56 also has concave and convex teeth in the vertical direction, and is connected to the fixed tooth 53 by a mounting mechanism described later. They face each other so that the distance is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

As shown in FIG. 4, the movable wing 57 has mounting arms 58, 58 protruding from the left and right ends, and the mounting arms 58, 58 have mounting holes 59 in which spline grooves are formed. Also, both mounting arms 58 of the movable wing 57,
58 is the slit 4 of the partition wall 42 as shown in FIG.
5 and 45, respectively, while each bearing case 46
Bearings 60, 6 are installed in the hole 47 provided in the side plate portion 46a of the
1 is fitted into these bearings, and the movable wing fulcrum shafts 64, 64 having spline grooves 62, 63 at the intermediate portion and one end thereof are fitted into the mounting hole 59 with the spline groove 62 portion thereof, and then attached to the bearing case 46. Rotatably supported. Further, the inner ends of the fulcrum shaft 64 having the spline groove 63 are located so as to face each other,
A connecting link 67, which is swung by the crushing cylinder 66, is fitted into a hole 68 having a spline groove at one end of the spline groove 63, 63. Further, the outer end side of the fulcrum shaft 64 has a spline groove 6
A bush 69, which is integrated with the bearing 61, is interposed between the hole 47 and the bearing 61, which has a smaller diameter than the second part and fits into the small diameter part. By fixing the bush 69 to the end face of the bearing case 46 with a mounting bolt or the like, the fulcrum shaft 64 is prevented from coming off. 70, 71 are bearings 60, 6
1 and the fulcrum shaft 64 to prevent muddy water from leaking from the crushing chamber 37 to the outside through the slit 45.

The crushing cylinder 66, as shown in FIG.
It is swingably connected to a bracket 77 fixed on the cylinder mounting plate 51 via a connecting pin 78 and a bush 79, and is installed by being inserted into the hole 50. The tip of the piston rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting link 67 by a fork end 73, a connecting pin 74, and a bush 75.

In the crushing device constructed as described above, when the crushing cylinder 66 is driven to extend and retract its piston rod, the connecting link 67 rotates about the fulcrum shaft 64, causing the fulcrum shaft 64 to rotate forward and backward. As a result, the movable blades 57 attached to the fulcrum shaft 64 swing, and the lumps of earth and sand flowing into the crushing chamber 37 are crushed and crushed between the movable teeth 56 and the fixed teeth 53. During this crushing operation, only the movable blades 57 including the movable teeth 56 and the fixed teeth 53 are present in the crushing chamber 37, so that the drive device is prevented from being damaged by dirt or the like.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the fulcrum shaft 64 is
In this case, since one end of the connecting link 67 is fitted into the portion where both the fulcrum shafts 64 face each other, the mounting arm 5
8 into the bearing case 46, and set one end of the connecting link 67 between the bearing cases 46, 46, inserting the two fulcrum shafts 64, 64 from both sides, and connecting the connecting link 67 and the mounting arm. It is assembled by fitting into the hole 59 of 58 and attaching the bush 69, and is easy to assemble and disassemble. However, it is not necessarily necessary to provide two fulcrum shafts 64;
Needless to say, a structure in which a book fulcrum shaft is provided can be adopted. Furthermore, the drive device for the movable blades 57 is not limited to one using a cylinder, and for example, a drive device consisting of a motor, a cam, a link, etc. can be used. Alternatively, a connecting link may be connected to the shaft end of the fulcrum shaft on the outside of the bearing case via a spline to swing the movable blades.

As explained above, the crushing device according to the present invention has the fulcrum shaft for attaching the movable blades and the drive device for rotating the fulcrum shaft and swinging the movable blades outside the crushing chamber, so that the following effects can be achieved. can be achieved.

(1) There is no need to use a special seal to shield the crushing chamber from the outside.

(2) Since the drive device is provided externally, it is possible to visually check if the drive device is damaged, and maintenance is easy.

(3) If the seal between the fulcrum shaft and the bearing is damaged, this can be confirmed by leakage of muddy water, and countermeasures such as replacing parts should be taken before an accident occurs. This reduces the risk of accidents and improves safety and reliability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a mud water pressurizing shield excavator equipped with a conventional crushing device, Figs. 2 to 7 show an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows a mud water pressurizing shield excavator. 3a is a plan view of the outer shell frame of the crushing device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3b is a sectional view shown in FIG.
is a sectional view taken along line A-A in figure a, and figure c is a cross-sectional view taken along line B in figure b.
Figure 4a is a side sectional view of the movable blade, Figure 4b is a CC sectional view of Figure a,
5 is a side sectional view of the crushing device, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. 5. 26...Crushing device, 37...Crushing chamber, 40...
Outer shell frame, 42... Partition wall, 45... Slit, 46... Bearing case, 53... Fixed tooth, 56
...Movable tooth, 57...Movable wing, 58...Mounting arm,
59...Mounting hole, 60,61...Bearing, 62,6
3... Spline groove, 64... Fulcrum shaft, 66...
Crushing cylinder, 67... Connection link, 74, 78
...Connection pin.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A crushing device that is installed in front of the mud removal pipe entrance of a mud water pressurized shield excavator and crushes large lumps of excavated earth and sand, and has slits in the partition wall that separates the crushing chamber from the outside, A mounting arm is provided on the movable blade to which the movable tooth is attached that faces the fixed tooth in the crushing chamber, a bearing case is provided on the outer surface of the partition wall so as to cover the slit, and the movable blade is attached to the bearing attached to the bearing case. The mounting arm of the movable wing is inserted into the slit and fitted onto the fulcrum shaft, and a seal is interposed between the fulcrum shaft and the bearing, so that the fulcrum shaft can be rotated in the correct position. A crushing device for a mud water pressurizing shield excavator, characterized in that a drive device for swinging the movable blade by rotating it in the opposite direction is disposed outside the partition wall.